JPH068705B2 - Gas refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a gas refrigerator for producing warm heat by adiabatic compression of gas and cold heat by adiabatic expansion of gas.

[Prior Art] A refrigeration system using a gas such as air as a refrigerant has been known for a long time. This type of conventional gas refrigerator is
The gas compressor, the heat exchanger for radiating the heat of compression, the expander for the compressed gas, and the heat exchanger for absorbing heat that is cooled by the absorbed heat during the adiabatic expansion of the gas are sequentially connected as a closed cycle. . As a practical example of the reverse Brayton cycle, an aircraft air conditioner using a turbine compressor is generally known.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As described above, the four independent components of the compressor, the heat radiating and heat absorbing heat exchangers, and the expander are combined into one gas refrigerator. When the method is incorporated into a part of a large equipment system such as an aircraft, there are few major obstacles in terms of installation space and operating efficiency, but for example, a domestic cool air generator or a portable refrigerator for automobiles. There is a problem that the equipment is too exaggerated to adopt a conventional gas refrigerator in an extremely small equipment for daily life such as, and I have not heard of any practical application.

As one of the measures to make the gas refrigerator compact, for example, as shown in "Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-10946", a fin for heat radiation is provided on the cylinder outer peripheral surface at a location corresponding to the compression region of the vane compressor,
Further, a method has been proposed in which heat absorbing fins are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the expansion region, and a wind is blown from each dedicated blower to each fin to generate a warm air flow or a cold air flow. However, such a device requires some air blowers in addition to the drive motor for the compressor, although some advance is admitted from the viewpoint of making the outer shape compact. It is hard to say that was simplified.

An object of the present invention is to provide a gas refrigerator having a compact outer shape and a simple structure, which is suitable for everyday use on a daily basis, such as a portable refrigerator or a cold air generator.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the gas refrigerator of the present invention is
A pair of reciprocating gas compression pumps sharing one gas compression reciprocating member, and a communication path connecting the discharge port of one pump and the suction port of the other pump of the pair of gas compression pumps. A heat radiation means for heat radiation, which is provided to dissipate heat generated in the adiabatic compression step of the one pump;
A set of gas compression pumps, for utilizing the cold heat generated in the adiabatic expansion step of the other pump provided in the communication path connecting the discharge port of the other pump and the suction port of the one pump,
Only when the endothermic heat exchange means and the gas compression reciprocating member for the other pump occupy a position near the top dead center of the pump, the discharge port of the one pump and the pump of the other pump First valve means for communicating the inlet,
When the other pump is in the compression step, a configuration is adopted which comprises a second valve means for connecting the suction port of the one pump and the discharge port of the other pump.

[Operation] When the gas compression reciprocating member is operated, the gas refrigerator having the above-described configuration operates when one pump of the pair of reciprocating gas compression pumps is in the adiabatic compression process, and The pump is placed in an adiabatic expansion process. When the one pump is in the process of the compression process, the gas is compressed by the one pump because the first valve means is closed.
The high-temperature and high-pressure gas passes through the heat-radiating heat exchange means to become room-temperature high-pressure gas, and is sucked into the other pump through the first valve means opened at the end of this compression step.

Since the second valve means is closed when the other pump is in the expansion step, the room temperature high pressure gas that has flowed into this pump is adiabatically expanded into a low temperature atmospheric pressure gas. Then, the low temperature gas discharged from the second valve means opened when the pump enters the compression step is sent to the heat exchange means for heat absorption, where refrigeration work is performed.

The gas warmed after the freezing work is again sucked into this pump in the suction process of one pump, and the same cycle as above is repeated.

[Examples] Specific configurations of the present invention will be described below based on examples shown in the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 are explanatory views of the structure and operation of the first embodiment, one set of reciprocating gas compression pumps A being one pump housing shared by two gas compression pumps. By accommodating one piston 2 as a reciprocating member for gas compression so that these two pumps are commonly used in the cylinder 1, cylinders of one pump are provided on both left and right sides (in the figure) of the piston 2. It has a structure in which the chamber 4 and the cylinder chamber 5 of the other pump are formed. The piston 2 is reciprocated through a piston rod 3 by a driving means such as a combination of a crank (not shown) and an electric motor.

The cylinder chamber 4 of one pump is provided with a discharge port 4A and a suction port 4B provided with a discharge valve 10 and a suction valve 11 as check valves, respectively. The cylinder chamber 5 of the other pump
A suction port 5A and a discharge port 5B are provided in the. The piston 2 has a first communication for communicating the discharge port 4A of one pump and the suction port 5A of the other pump only when the piston occupies a position near the top dead center of the cylinder chamber 5 of the other pump. A communication passage 2a is formed as a means. Further, in the cylinder chamber 5 of the other pump, a slight pressure actuated valve 12 is provided at the discharge port 5B, and by bypassing the discharge port 5B near the bottom dead center, the inside of the cylinder chamber 5 and a heat absorbing heat exchange means (described later) are provided. A bypass passage 13 is provided for communication.

Discharge port 4A of one pump and suction port 5A of the other pump
And are connected by a communication passage 6. A heat radiating heat exchanging means 7 is interposed in the communication passage 6, and serves to cool the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated in the compression process of one pump to room temperature, and to effectively utilize the absorbed heat as necessary. Fulfill.

Further, the discharge port 5B of the other pump and the suction port 4B of the one pump are connected by a communication passage 8. An endothermic heat exchanging means 9 is interposed in the communication passage 8, and the low temperature atmospheric pressure gas generated in the adiabatic expansion process of the other pump is sent to cool the air in, for example, the refrigerator or the passenger compartment of the automobile. It can be used for cooling work. The specific structure will be described later.

Next, the operation of the apparatus of the above embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 depicts one pump at the end of the adiabatic compression process and the other pump at the end of the adiabatic expansion process. The piston 2 is pushed by the piston rod 3 in the direction of the broken line arrow and is pushed to the left side in the figure. Under this state, the discharge valve 10 of the discharge port 4A of the cylinder chamber 4 is opened and the suction of the cylinder chamber 5 is taken. Since the mouth 5A is blocked by the piston 2, the gas is compressed, and the gas that has become high temperature and high pressure is passed through the heat radiating heat exchanging means 7 interposed in the communication passage 6 of both the mouths 4A and 5A. It is allowed to cool to room temperature by air or water. At this time, it is generated in the cylinder chamber 5 of the other pump by being adiabatically expanded as the piston 2 retracts after being fed from the one pump under the normal temperature and high pressure as described above in the previous step. It is filled with low temperature atmospheric pressure gas. When the piston 2 reaches the bottom dead center of the cylinder chamber 5, the bypass passage 13 which has been closed by the piston 2 is opened as shown in the figure.
The cylinder chamber 5 and the heat exchanging heat exchanging means 9 are brought into conduction with each other through the communication passage 8, and the pressure difference between the cylinder chamber 5 and the heat absorbing means 9 is almost eliminated, so that the minute pressure valve 12 that has closed the discharge port 5B is opened. The gas that is expanding in the adiabatic expansion process plays a part of the work of moving the piston 2.

Then, when the piston 2 reverses and starts to move to the right in the figure, one pump enters the expansion step and the other pump enters the compression step, and at the end of the step, the device is in the state depicted in FIG. Become. In this process in which the piston 2 moves to the right, as described above, the low-temperature atmospheric pressure gas existing in the cylinder chamber 5 passes through the minute pressure valve 12 opened by being pushed by the piston 2 and from the discharge port 5B. The heat absorbing heat exchanging means 9 sent to the heat absorbing heat exchanging means 9 through the communication passage 8 and supplied with the cold heat performs cooling work such as cooling the inside of the refrigerator or cooling the air for air conditioning. The gas that has returned to room temperature again by passing through the heat absorption heat exchanging means 9 is introduced into the cylinder chamber 4 in the expansion process, and its suction port 4
B is sucked in and prepared for the next compression step.

When the configuration of the apparatus of the above-mentioned embodiment is compared with the conventional gas refrigerator described at the beginning, the conventional apparatus has the compressor and the expander independently, whereas the apparatus of the present invention is a compressor. One gas compression pump that plays the role of the above, and the other gas compression pump that plays the role of an expander are incorporated in one cylinder 1 as the housing of the pump, and
It has an extremely compact united structure in which one piston 2 is shared by these two pumps.

The gas used as the heat transfer medium may be gas other than air, such as hydrogen and helium, which can effectively utilize the cooling effect associated with adiabatic expansion.

FIG. 9 schematically shows a refrigeration cycle of the device of the present invention as a gas refrigerator as a temperature-entropy diagram. The vertical and horizontal axes are the gas temperature and The refrigeration heat amount of this refrigeration cycle corresponds to the area surrounded by the symbols a, b, 1, 4 and the heat radiation amount to the high temperature side is the symbols a, b,
The area surrounded by 2 and 3 and the heat equivalent of the work consumed by the refrigerator correspond to the area surrounded by reference numerals 1, 2, 3, and 4.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side sectional view of the device of the second embodiment, which is characterized in that the outer shape of the device is more compact than that of the device of the first embodiment. The method is changed and the design of the opening / closing means of the suction port of the other pump is changed accordingly. 6A is a communication passage that connects the discharge port 4A of the cylinder chamber 4 of one gas compression pump and the suction port 5A of the cylinder chamber 5 of the other gas compression pump, and is shared by these two reciprocating pumps. It forms a jacket-like body that surrounds the entire outer circumference of one cylinder 1. Reference numeral 7A denotes a ring-shaped heat radiation fin group made of a thin metal plate as heat radiation heat exchange means attached to the outer peripheral surface of the jacket-shaped communication path 6A. 14 is a suction port 5A of the cylinder chamber 5
Is a suction valve provided in the above and is kept open by a spring force, and when the piston 2 occupies a position near the top dead center of the cylinder chamber 5, the piston 2 is pushed to open the valve.

The operation of the second embodiment device is such that the opening / closing means of the suction port 5A of the cylinder chamber 5 of the first embodiment device described above is the communication passage 2a provided in the piston 2, whereas the suction valve 14 described above is used. Since there is no difference except that it is changed to, the description of operation will be omitted. Other reference numerals in the figure are common to those described above.

Next, a specific example of use of the device of the present invention, the basic structure and operation of which have been described with reference to the first and second embodiments, will be described.

4 to 6 are explanatory views of the device of the present invention as a portable refrigerator suitable for being mounted on an automobile and used. 50
Is a heat-insulating box as a refrigerator main body for storing refrigerated items, and 51 is a lid that is openably and closably attached to the top opening of the refrigerator via a hinge, and is a hollow double wall made of synthetic resin. It has a wall structure in which the inner space of the body is filled with a heat insulating material such as synthetic resin foam. 55 is attached so as to form a base portion of the heat insulating box 50, and a heat radiating heat exchanging means, in this embodiment, a metal tube is rotated so that the plane has a V shape. Heat-radiating heat exchanger 7 formed by winding
The B storage unit has a basket-like body in which a ventilation slit group is provided on the peripheral wall surface. 56 is a switchboard for operating electric power of the apparatus, 57 is a condensed water receiver, 58 is a stopper of the lid 51, and 59 is a handle.

A set of reciprocating gas compression pumps 20 incorporated in the apparatus of this embodiment has a structure as schematically shown in FIG. 5 as a side sectional view thereof. The housing of one set of gas compression pumps consists of two plates 21 made of metal or other rigid material.
A hollow disk with a sealed structure is formed by bonding A and 21B by caulking or welding so that the inner surfaces of the plates face each other, and the inner space is divided into two in the flat direction. In this way, the diaphragm 22 made of a rubber elastic plate or a bellows-shaped metal plate is incorporated as a reciprocating member for gas compression. 23 and 24 are reinforcing plates that sandwich the central portion of the diaphragm 22 from both sides to prevent the central portion from being deformed and serve as a mounting base of the piston rod 28 for giving the diaphragm 22 a swing in the film surface direction. The levers are fastened to each other by riveting or the like. 27 is a flexible joint for connecting one end of the piston rod 28 to the reinforcing plate 24, and 29 is for airtightly closing the gap of the insertion hole of the piston rod 28 formed in the dish-like body 21B constituting the pump housing wall. Is a bellows-like packing made of a rubber elastic material.

As described above, in each of the independent spaces 25 and 26 formed by airtightly dividing the inner space of the hollow disk-shaped pump housing for one set of pumps by the diaphragm 22 in the swinging direction of the diaphragm. By providing a gas suction port 25A or 26A and a gas discharge port 25B or 26B, respectively, these spaces 25 and 26 respectively correspond to the cylinder chamber (air chamber) of one pump shown in FIGS. It will fulfill the function equivalent to the cylinder chamber of the other pump. The discharge port 25B of the cylinder chamber 25 of one pump, which is the compressor of the gas refrigeration cycle, is placed in the middle of the communication passage 6 as a gas pipe as shown in FIG. 7B, it is connected to the suction port 26A of the cylinder chamber 26 of the other pump, which is the expander of the gas refrigeration cycle. The discharge port 26B of the cylinder chamber 26 as an expander is
As shown in FIG. 4, the communication passage 8 as a gas pipe is traced to a cold air outlet grill 52 formed at the inner bottom portion of the heat insulating box 50 as a refrigerator main body. On the other hand, in the upper part inside the heat insulating box 50, after flowing into the heat insulating box 50,
An intake grill 53 is provided for inhaling the warm air that has risen while exchanging heat with the stored items inside. The intake grill 53 has an air passage 53A and a communication passage 8 formed in the wall of the heat insulating box 50. Through a suction port 25A of a cylinder chamber 25 as a compressor.

Due to the positional relationship in which the cold air outlet grill 52 and the air intake grill 53 are respectively arranged at the bottom and the upper portion of the heat insulating box 50, the cold air blown from the outlet grill to the stored article B is heated by the articles. It takes away the heat and rises due to natural convection and is naturally sucked into the intake grill, so the cold / hot air exchange phenomenon does not work smoothly, and the heat exchange between the storage parts and the cold air is efficiently performed. Done.

Therefore, in the device of this embodiment, an open cycle is formed in the middle of the communication passage 8 connecting the discharge port 26B of the cylinder chamber 26 of the other pump as the expander and the suction port 25A of the cylinder chamber 25 of the one pump as the compressor. As a result, the heat exchange means for absorbing heat is interposed, and the article storage space 9A in the heat insulating box 50 constitutes this opening cycle. Check valves 30 and 31 are provided at the intake port 25A and the discharge port 25B of the cylinder chamber 25, respectively.
Further, at the suction port 26A of the cylinder chamber 26, when the diaphragm 22 moves to the top dead center, a suction valve 32 as a differential pressure valve that is opened by receiving the movement of the diaphragm 22 is provided.
B is provided with a discharge valve 33 as a slight pressure valve.

40 is a piston rod for swinging the diaphragm 22.
28 drive motor, 42 is a cooling work recovery wheel fitted to its output shaft 41, 43 and 44 are a set of gears constituting a crank mechanism, and reciprocate to the piston rod 28 at an arbitrary cycle Make a move. 45 is a piston pin. A pair of pumps and their drive mechanism are housed in a heat-dissipating heat exchanger housing 55 with an appropriate heat insulating partition interposed.

To explain the operation of the refrigerator, the power plug (not shown) of the device is inserted into a power outlet or a 100V power outlet that uses a vehicle battery as a power source, and a power switch provided on the switchboard 56 is turned on to turn the refrigerator on. Enters the state of use and the drive motor 40 is activated. The crank mechanism is a gas compression pump as the drive motor 40 rotates.
Since the diaphragm 22 of 20 is caused to oscillate with a predetermined cycle, the cylinder chamber 25 of one pump acting as a gas (air in this case) compressor and the cylinder chamber 26 of the other pump acting as a gas expander are The compression process and the expansion process are alternately followed in exactly the same manner as in the case of the first and second embodiments. The operation of the intake valve 32 and the discharge valve 33 provided in the cylinder chamber 26 depends on the diaphragm 22 being the cylinder chamber.
When moving to the top dead center of 26, the suction valve 32 is opened by being pushed by the movement of the diaphragm 22. Next, the suction valve 32 released from the above pressing force is closed by the valve closing biasing spring while the diaphragm 22 reversely moves toward the bottom dead center. When the diaphragm 22 reaches the bottom dead center, the pressure in the cylinder chamber 26 drops to almost the same level as the article storage space 9A in the heat insulating box 50 as the heat exchange means for heat absorption that constitutes the opening cycle. The discharge valve 33 as a slight pressure valve is opened.

Therefore, during the expansion process of one pump, the parts storage space 9A
The air sucked into the cylinder chamber 25 from is brought into a high temperature and high pressure state in the next compression step and is sent out from the discharge port 25B toward the heat radiating heat exchanger 7B. The high pressure air cooled to room temperature by the heat radiating heat exchanger 7B flows into the cylinder chamber 26 through the suction valve 32 opened as described above,
By the adiabatic expansion of the diaphragm 22 as it moves backward, some of the power consumed in the operation of the diaphragm 22 is recovered and cooled to normal pressure, and the discharge valve 33 opened as described above. Is pushed out toward the article storage space 9A by the next forward movement of the diaphragm 22, and the article B in the refrigerator is cooled by the cold heat of the cold air. The inflow air warmed by transmitting the retained heat of the article B is again sucked into the cylinder chamber 25 in the suction process of one pump, and the cycle as described above is repeated thereafter so that the article B has a limit of the heat exchange capacity of the apparatus. It is gradually cooled inside.

To give an example of specifications of a prototype refrigerator having the above structure, the cylinder chambers 25 and 26 each have a volume of 24 cc, the drive motor 40 has a rotation speed of 1,000 rpm, and the pump has a compression ratio of 1.5.
The inner diameter of the coiled pipe forming the heat dissipation heat exchanger 7B is set to 6
When the length is set to mm and the length is set to 6 m, the air circulation amount is 20
/ min, the refrigerating capacity was 10 Kca / h, and when the outside air temperature was 35 ° C, the temperature of the air blown into the heat insulating box 50 could be lowered to 6 ° C. The volume of the product storage space 9A for this prototype is
10. The external dimensions of the device were 300 x 300 x 200 mm, and the power consumption was 13W.

FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are explanatory views of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention as a fan having a built-in gas refrigerator. The built-in refrigerator has a design change in the heat exchange means for heat absorption. Essentially the same as the previous embodiment, except that 60 is a box-shaped fan housing made of synthetic resin, 62 and 63 are cooling air intakes and cooled air outlet grills provided in the housing 60, 61 is a fan fan, and 64 is an open cycle. Is a cold air outlet to the heat absorption means for heat absorption, and 65 is a portable handle, and the intake of warm air heated by heat exchange is the air intake 62.
Hit 40A is a double shaft motor that doubles both as a drive for the gas compression pump 70 and a fan fan 61, 66 is a plug of a power supply cord to the double shaft motor 40A, and 67 is a heat insulating plate, which is a housing. Gas compression pump built into 60
It is interposed between 70 and the heat radiating heat exchanger 7B.

The gas compression pump 70 has a structure in which the gas compression pump 20 used in the refrigerator is modified in design in order to increase its capacity. That is, the pump housing has two bellows 71 and 72 whose both end surfaces are closed to form an air chamber.
While being coaxially maintained in their axial direction, they are joined together by sandwiching a disk 73 that can reciprocate in the axial direction. Therefore, the disk 73 serves as a sealing member for one end surface of each of the bellows 71 and 72. Bellows 71 and
The other end surface of 72 is closed by being joined to the inner surfaces of both side walls of a member 74 having a generally U-shape facing upward as a base body for assembling the gas compression pump 70. A reciprocating member 76 having a U-shaped planar shape for reciprocating is attached to the disk 73, and the rotational force of the biaxial motor 40A is reduced by the reduction gears 77 and 78 and the crank.
It is converted into reciprocating motion via 79 and the crank pin 75 and transmitted to the member 76. In other words, this set of gas compression pumps 70
The disk 73 in is a bellows of the gas compression pump 20 described above.
It will work equivalent to 22. Then, the pipes 6 and 8 as the above-mentioned communication passages are connected to both side walls of the member 74 which forms the base body for assembling the gas compression pump 70 so as to communicate with the air chambers (cylinder chambers) of the bellows 71 and 72. To be done.

Regarding the operation of the above fan, the heat exchanging heat exchanging means as the opening cycle in the gas refrigerator built-in type refrigerator described above was the space 9A for storing articles in the refrigerator, while in this embodiment. There is no difference except that the heat exchange means for heat absorption as the opening cycle is an interior space such as a vehicle interior of an automobile in which the fan is installed. The cool air generated in the cylinder chamber of the other pump of the pair of bellows type gas compression pumps 70 is sent out to the communication passage 8 from the discharge port thereof, and is discharged from the cool air blowout port 64 opening toward the back of the fan 61. It is blown out by the pressure and is diffused toward the cooled space by riding on the air flow created by the fan 61. The air warmed by heat exchange in this space is sucked into the cylinder chamber from the air intake 62 by the suction force of one pump, and is recooled by following the process as described above. become.

The following is an example of the specifications of the prototype fan having the same structure as the above embodiment. The volume of each air chamber (cylinder chamber) of the pair of gas compression pumps 70 is 72cc, and the rotation speed of the double-shaft motor 40A is 1,000. rpm, the compression ratio of the pump is 1.2, the inner diameter of the coiled tube as a heat exchanger for heat dissipation is 6 mm, and its length is 6 mm.
m, fan fan 61 diameter 50 mm, its rotation speed is 1,800 rpm
When set to, the air flow rate is 10 m ³ / h and the cooling capacity is 10K
When it became cal / h and the outside air temperature was 30 ° C, the temperature of the jet air could be lowered by about 10 ° C from the outside air temperature. The external dimensions of the housing 60 of the fan of this specification were 150 x 150 x 150 mm, and it was possible to fit it in a very compact shape.

In each of the above-mentioned two specific embodiment devices, an opening cycle is adopted in the heat exchanging heat exchanging means part. However, for example, an ordinary heat exchanger having a structure like a radiator for a steam heater is used for absorbing heat. It is also free to use as an exchange means.

[Effects of the Invention] The device of the present invention having the above-described configuration and functioning as a gas refrigerator has a pair of reciprocating motions that serve as a compressor and an expander that are part of the components of the gas refrigerator. Since the type gas compression pump is incorporated in one pump housing under the structure in which one piston or diaphragm as one reciprocating member for gas compression is shared, the outer shape can be made extremely compact.

When the gas refrigerator is incorporated in a refrigerator or an air conditioner, the heat exchange means for heat absorption as one component of the refrigerator is
Since a so-called open cycle can be configured in which the interior space or the indoor space of the air-conditioned room plays its role, it is possible to simplify the above-mentioned pump structure and the overall structure of the apparatus.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are diagrams of the first embodiment for explaining the basic structure and operation of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is the same as the second embodiment. FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 are views respectively showing the overall configuration of the refrigerator, the structure of the gas refrigerator, and the appearance of the refrigerator in the embodiment in which the device of the present invention is incorporated in the portable refrigerator. FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are an explanatory view and an external view of the overall configuration showing an embodiment in which the device of the present invention is incorporated in a fan. FIG. 9 is a gas temperature-entropy diagram for explaining the operation cycle of the gas refrigerator. In the figure, A, A ', 20, 70 ... One set of reciprocating gas compression pump 1 ... Pump housing 2 ... Reciprocating member (piston, diaphragm) for gas compression 4 ... Cylinder chamber of one pump 5 ... Other pump Cylinder chambers 4A, 4B ...
Discharge port and suction port of one pump 5A, 5B ... Suction port and discharge port of the other pump 6, 8 ... Communication path between discharge port and suction port 7 ... Heat exchange means for heat radiation 9 ... Heat exchange means for heat absorption 2
a, 14 ... First valve means 12, 13 ... Second valve means 50, 51
… Insulator box and lid for refrigerator 60, 61… Fan housing and fan

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A single gas compression reciprocating member is shared.
A pair of reciprocating gas compression pumps, and an adiabatic compression step of the one pump provided in a communication path connecting the discharge port of one pump and the suction port of the other pump of the one set of gas compression pumps. Is provided in a communication passage that connects the heat exchange means for radiating the heat generated in 1) and the discharge port of the other pump of the pair of gas compression pumps and the suction port of one pump, and When utilizing the cold heat generated in the adiabatic expansion step of the pump, when the heat exchanging heat exchange means and the gas compression reciprocating member for the other pump occupies a position near the top dead center of the pump. Only, the first valve means for communicating the discharge port of the one pump and the suction port of the other pump, and the suction port of the one pump and the other when the other pump is in the compression process. Communicate with the discharge port of the pump And a second valve means for the gas refrigerator. 2. The gas refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the heat absorption heat exchanging means is an open cycle that connects a gas inlet and a gas outlet to the interior space of the refrigerator. 3. The gas refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein the heat absorbing heat exchanging means is an open cycle connecting an air outlet and an inlet of the air conditioner. 4. The gas refrigerator according to claim 3, wherein the air conditioner has an electric fan housed in a housing having an outlet and an inlet for air in the opening cycle. 5. The gas refrigerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reciprocating member for compressing gas is a piston or a diaphragm. 6. The gas refrigerator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the one set of gas compression pumps is incorporated in one pump housing.