JPH0687714B2 - Mulch for plant cultivation house - Google Patents
Mulch for plant cultivation houseInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0687714B2 JPH0687714B2 JP60194889A JP19488985A JPH0687714B2 JP H0687714 B2 JPH0687714 B2 JP H0687714B2 JP 60194889 A JP60194889 A JP 60194889A JP 19488985 A JP19488985 A JP 19488985A JP H0687714 B2 JPH0687714 B2 JP H0687714B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mulch
- water
- plant cultivation
- house
- cultivation house
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は夏季抑制植物栽培ハウス用マルチに関するもの
である。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a mulch for a summer-suppressing plant cultivation greenhouse.
従来の技術 従来、作物を栽培する上において、栽培管理、作業管理
の点から、ハウス内ベツドの地温の調整、土壌菌等によ
る病気防止、除草水分の蒸散防止等の目的で、夏季、冬
季を問わずハウス栽培及び露地栽培とも、ベツド上に0.
02〜0.03mm厚みのポリエチフイルム（ポリエチマル
チ）、0.03mm厚みの特殊塩ビフイルム（紫外線カツトす
るもの）等の透明及び着色フイルム（黒、グリーン、シ
ルバー）を使用しているが、いずれも通気性、吸水性が
ないため、夏季時ベツドの地温の上がりすぎによる苗の
枯死、換水時、水滴落下による泥ハネのため果実の汚れ
及び土壌菌の繁殖による病気の発生、果実がベツドを被
覆しているフイルムに接している場合、フイルム上に溜
まつた水による果実付着部分のヒビ割れ、シミ等が発生
し、品質低下する等の問題がある。Conventional technology Conventionally, in cultivating crops, from the viewpoint of cultivation management and work management, the summer and winter seasons are adjusted for the purpose of adjusting the soil temperature of the beds in the house, preventing diseases such as soil fungi, and preventing transpiration of weeding water. Regardless of greenhouse cultivation and open field cultivation, 0.
Uses transparent and colored films (black, green, silver) such as 02-0.03 mm thick polyethylene film (polyethimulti) and 0.03 mm thick special polyvinyl chloride film (cut by UV), but both are breathable. , Since it has no water absorption, the seedlings die in summer due to the soil temperature rising too high, and when water is changed, mud flies due to water droplets cause stains on the fruits and diseases due to propagation of soil fungi, and the fruits cover the beds. When the film is in contact with the existing film, there is a problem that the water accumulated on the film causes cracks, stains, etc., on the fruit-attached portion, resulting in deterioration in quality.
発明が解決しようとする問題点 本発明は、夏季抑制植物栽培ハウス内の地温の抑制高温
による苗の枯死、泥ハネ防止、果実の品質低下防止を目
的に鋭意検討を重ね、本発明を完成するに至つた。Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention completes the present invention by conducting intensive studies for the purpose of preventing death of seedlings due to suppression of high temperature of soil in a summer suppression plant cultivation house, prevention of mud shaving, and deterioration of fruit quality. Was reached.
問題点を解決するための手段 本発明者は、前記問題点を解決するにあたり、不織布の
もつ通気性に着目し、本発明を完成するに至つた。Means for Solving the Problems In solving the above problems, the present inventor has focused on the air permeability of the nonwoven fabric and completed the present invention.
即ち、本発明は日付８〜50g/m2、通気性50〜700cc/sec/
cm2を有し、かつ吸水速度０〜50secを有するポリエステ
ル長繊維不織布からなる植物栽培ハウス用マルチであ
る。That is, the present invention has a date of 8 to 50 g / m 2 , breathability of 50 to 700 cc / sec /
A mulch for a plant cultivation house, which is made of a polyester long-fiber nonwoven fabric having a cm 2 and a water absorption rate of 0 to 50 seconds.
ここでいう通気性とは、JIS1096のフラジール法、不織
布の吸水性を表わす吸水速度はJIS L 1096のＡ法（滴下
法）により測定したものである。滴下法は、約20×20cm
の試験片10枚を採取し、金属製リング（直径15cm）に取
り付ける。次に、水１ミリリットルを25±３滴に分割で
きるピュレットを用い、ピュレットの先端が試験片の表
面から1cmの高さになるようにして水滴を落下させ、ス
トップウオッチによって水滴が試験片上に達っしたとき
からその水滴が特別な反射をしなくなるまでの時間
（ｓ）を計る。試験回数は10回とし、その平均値（ｓ）
で表す。The breathability is measured by the Frazier method of JIS 1096, and the water absorption rate, which represents the water absorption of a nonwoven fabric, is measured by the A method of JIS L 1096 (dripping method). The dropping method is about 20 x 20 cm
Take 10 test pieces and attach to a metal ring (15 cm in diameter). Next, using a puret capable of dividing 1 ml of water into 25 ± 3 drops, drop the water drop so that the tip of the puret is 1 cm above the surface of the test piece, and let the water drop reach the test piece by the stopwatch. Measure the time (s) from when the water drops do not make a special reflection. The number of tests is 10 and the average value (s)
It is represented by.
第１図において、本発明のマルチ２は植物栽培ハウス３
の内部に設けられたベツド１を覆つており、第２図に示
す様にマルチの随所に切れ目４がつけられている。苗は
この切れ目を通してベツドに植込まれる。In FIG. 1, the mulch 2 of the present invention is a plant cultivation house 3
It covers the bead 1 provided in the interior of the mulch, and as shown in FIG. 2, cuts 4 are made at various places in the mulch. The seedlings are planted in the beds through these cuts.
本発明のマルチに用いる不織布としては、特定のポリエ
ステル長繊維不織布が用いられる。不織布としては、長
繊維不織布、短繊維不織布があり素材としては、マルチ
に必要な耐候性、寸法安定性、強度の点でポリエステル
長繊維不織布が適している。As the nonwoven fabric used for the mulch of the present invention, a specific polyester long-fiber nonwoven fabric is used. As the non-woven fabric, there are long-fiber non-woven fabric and short-fiber non-woven fabric, and as the material, polyester long-fiber non-woven fabric is suitable in terms of weather resistance, dimensional stability and strength required for mulching.
ポリエステル長繊維不織布の目付通気性、吸水性を特定
の範囲に設定することによつて、マルチとしての前記本
発明の目的を達成出来る。The object of the present invention as a mulch can be achieved by setting the basis weight air permeability and water absorption of the polyester long-fiber non-woven fabric in a specific range.
不織布の目付は８〜50g/m2が必要であり、10〜25g/m2が
更に好ましい。8g/m2未満ではハウス内のベツドの地温
調整効果が不十分であり、ベツドの地温はハウス内の温
度変化の影響を直接にうける。又、不織布としての強
度、寸法安定性が不十分である。又、50g/m2を超えると
通水性が悪くなり、水溜りが生じ、マルチに接した果実
が悪影響をうける。Basis weight of the nonwoven fabric is required 8~50g / m 2, more preferably 10 to 25 g / m 2. If it is less than 8 g / m 2 , the effect of controlling the ground temperature of the bed in the house is insufficient, and the ground temperature of the bed is directly affected by the temperature change in the house. Further, the strength and dimensional stability of the nonwoven fabric are insufficient. On the other hand , if it exceeds 50 g / m 2 , the water permeability will be poor, and water pools will be generated, and the fruit in contact with the mulch will be adversely affected.
通気性は50〜700cc/sec/cm2が必要であり、更に好まし
くは300〜600cc/sec/cm2である。50cc/sec/cm2未満で
は、ベツドの地温抑制効果が困難であり、700cc/sec/cm
2以上では、ベツドがハウス内温度の影響を直接に受け
る。吸水性は、吸水速度０〜5secが必要であり、好まし
くは、０〜3secである。5sec以上では、換水時にベツド
に均一に換水が出来ないとともに、水溜りが発生し、果
実が悪影響を受ける。又、土壌菌の繁殖及び泥ハネ等の
影響がある。The air permeability is required to be 50 to 700 cc / sec / cm 2 , and more preferably 300 to 600 cc / sec / cm 2 . If it is less than 50cc / sec / cm 2, it is difficult to suppress the soil temperature of the bed, and 700cc / sec / cm
Above 2 the bed is directly affected by the temperature inside the house. Water absorption requires a water absorption rate of 0 to 5 seconds, and preferably 0 to 3 seconds. If it is more than 5 seconds, the water cannot be evenly replaced in the bed when water is replaced, and water pools will occur, which will adversely affect the fruit. In addition, there are effects such as the growth of soil fungi and dirt.
実施例１ 間口5.4m、長さ10mのビニールハウス内でベツド巾1mの
ベツド上に第１表に示すマルチ素材を設置し、地表部に
より10cm下の地温、吸水性を調べた。その結果を第１表
に示す。Example 1 A mulch material shown in Table 1 was placed on a bed having a bed width of 1 m in a vinyl house with a frontage of 5.4 m and a length of 10 m, and the ground temperature and water absorption at 10 cm below the ground surface were examined. The results are shown in Table 1.
実施例２ 間口5.4m、長さ50mのビニールハウス３連棟にて、抑制
トマトにマルチ用として下記のマルチ素材（Ａ），
（Ｂ），（Ｃ）を用いて、地表部より10cm下の地温、ト
マト苗の枯死、泥ハネ度合、水溜り、果実の品質（ヒビ
割れ、シミ等）度合を比較した。その結果を第２表に示
す。 Example 2 The following multi-material (A) for mulching was used for suppressing tomatoes in three consecutive greenhouses with a frontage of 5.4 m and a length of 50 m.
(B) and (C) were used to compare the soil temperature 10 cm below the surface, the death of tomato seedlings, the degree of mud seedling, the pool of water, and the degree of fruit quality (cracks, stains, etc.). The results are shown in Table 2.
マルチの素材 （Ａ）ポリエステル不織布 目付15g/m2、通気性500cc/sec/cm2 （Ｂ）ポリエチレン透明フイルム 厚み0.02mm （Ｃ）ポリエチレン黒色フイルム 厚み0.02mm 発明の効果 本発明は、実施例1,2に示す如く、夏季抑制栽培ハウス
のマルチとして使用する場合、従来のマルチでは、解決
出来なかつた。地温の抑制、高温による苗の枯死を
防止出来るとともに泥ハネ防止、果実の品質低下防
止の効果が有り、上記，については、夏季に限ら
ず、冬季の促成栽培用マルチとしても使用可能である。
更に、上記の効果を考慮すると、ハウス栽培用マルチに
限らず、露地栽培用マルチとしても使用は十分考えられ
る。Multi material (A) Polyester non-woven fabric 15 g / m 2 per unit area, breathability 500 cc / sec / cm 2 (B) Polyethylene transparent film thickness 0.02 mm (C) Polyethylene black film thickness 0.02 mm EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As shown in Examples 1 and 2, the present invention cannot be solved by the conventional mulch when it is used as a mulch for a summer-suppressing cultivation house. It has the effect of suppressing soil temperature, preventing seedling death due to high temperature, preventing mud flies, and preventing fruit quality deterioration. The above can be used not only in summer but also as winter mulch for forced cultivation.
Further, in consideration of the above effects, the mulch is not limited to the mulch for greenhouse cultivation, but can be sufficiently used as the mulch for open field cultivation.
第１図は、本発明の実施態様を示す植物栽培用ハウスの
説明概略図、第２図は第１図に示すベツドの拡大図であ
る。 １……ベツド、２……マルチ、３……ビニールハウス、
４……マルチの切れ目部（苗を植込む部分）FIG. 1 is an explanatory schematic view of a plant cultivation house showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a bed shown in FIG. 1 ... bed, 2 ... multi, 3 ... vinyl house,
4--Multi-cut area (planting seedling)
Claims (1)
2を有し、かつ吸水速度０〜5secを有するポリエステル
長繊維不織布からなる植物栽培ハウス用マルチ。1. A basis weight of 8 to 50 g / m 2 , breathability of 50 to 700 cc / sec / cm
A mulch for a plant cultivation house, which has a polyester long-fiber nonwoven fabric having a water absorption rate of 0 to 5 seconds and having a water absorption rate of 2 .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60194889A JPH0687714B2 (en) | 1985-09-05 | 1985-09-05 | Mulch for plant cultivation house |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60194889A JPH0687714B2 (en) | 1985-09-05 | 1985-09-05 | Mulch for plant cultivation house |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6255026A JPS6255026A (en) | 1987-03-10 |
| JPH0687714B2 true JPH0687714B2 (en) | 1994-11-09 |
Family
ID=16332010
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60194889A Expired - Fee Related JPH0687714B2 (en) | 1985-09-05 | 1985-09-05 | Mulch for plant cultivation house |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0687714B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE501008C2 (en) * | 1993-04-06 | 1994-10-17 | Svensson Ludvig Int | Highly flammable, long-term UV-stabilized drapery curtain, especially for greenhouses |
| JPH07143824A (en) * | 1993-11-24 | 1995-06-06 | Koizumi Seima Kk | Crop cultivation method in a closed environment |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5151409A (en) * | 1974-11-01 | 1976-05-07 | Asahi Chemical Ind | SHOKUSEISHIITO |
| JPS55166638U (en) * | 1979-05-17 | 1980-12-01 | ||
| JPS602360A (en) * | 1983-06-21 | 1985-01-08 | カネボウ株式会社 | Agricultural coating material |
-
1985
- 1985-09-05 JP JP60194889A patent/JPH0687714B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6255026A (en) | 1987-03-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |