JPH0688602B2 - Container lid - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a container lid having pilfer proof characteristics, and more particularly to a container lid having pilfer proof characteristics in which an axial weakening line is formed together with a circumferential weakening line.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a container lid for food and drink containers,
As is well known, a container lid having a pill-proof property (property preventing property against contents) is widely put into practical use. In a typical example of such a container lid, a circumferential weakening line is formed on a cylindrical skirt wall that hangs from the peripheral edge of the ceiling wall, and the skirt wall has a main portion above the circumferential weakening line and a circumferential weakening line. It is divided into a pilfer proof hem below. The circumferential weakening line is composed of a plurality of circumferentially spaced slits extending in the circumferential direction and a plurality of bridging portions located between the slits. One of the bridges is a non-breaking bridge with a sufficiently large cross-sectional area. Pilfer proof hem,
An axial weakening line extending in the axial direction is formed adjacent to at least one of both side edges of the non-breaking bridging portion.

[0003]

In the container lid of the above-mentioned form, when the container mouth neck is opened, the bridging portions other than the non-breaking bridging portion are broken in the circumferential weakening line, It is important that the axial weakening line formed at the pilfer proof hem is broken. However, in the conventional container lid, the container neck portion was opened without breaking the axial weakening line, which often causes a problem such as impairing the pilfer proof property.

The present invention has been made in view of the above facts, and its technical problem is to add a modification to the container lid of the above-mentioned form and, when opening the neck and neck of the container, a circumferential weakening line. In (1), the bridging portions other than the non-breaking bridging portion are surely broken, and the axial weakening line is also surely broken.

[0005]

In order to solve the above technical lower stage, in the present invention, among a plurality of bridging portions in a circumferential weakening line, a substantially diametrical direction with respect to a non-breaking bridging portion. At least one located on the opposite side should be a reinforced bridge portion that is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the non-breaking bridge portion but larger than the cross-sectional areas of other bridge portions, and when opening the container neck, The other bridging portion is broken, then the axial weakening line is broken, and at the same time or after that, the strengthened bridging portion is broken.

That is, according to the present invention, the top wall and the cylindrical skirt wall hanging down from the peripheral edge of the top wall are provided, and the skirt wall has a plurality of slits circumferentially spaced from each other and extending in the circumferential direction. And a plurality of bridging portions located between the slits, a circumferential weakening line is formed, and the skirt wall has a main portion above the circumferential weakening line and a pill below the weakening line. The fur-proof skirt is divided into one, and one of the plurality of bridging portions is a non-breaking bridging portion having a sufficiently large cross-sectional area, and at least one of both side edges of the non-breaking bridging portion is formed. In a container lid in which an axial weakening line extending in the axial direction is formed adjacent to the pilfer proof hem, in a substantially diametrical direction with respect to the non-breaking bridging portion of the plurality of bridging portions. At least one on the opposite side is It is a reinforced bridge portion that is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the bridge portion but larger than the cross-sectional areas of other bridge portions, and when opening the container neck, the other bridge portion is broken, and then the A container lid is provided, characterized in that the axial weakening line is broken and at the same time or afterwards the breaking bridge is broken.

[0007]

In the container lid of the present invention, the reinforced bridging portion as well as the non-breaking bridging portion is maintained in the circumferential weakening line without being broken, and therefore the pilfer proof hem is still sufficiently open. The axial weakening line is broken while being locked to the portion, and at the same time or after that, the reinforcing bridging portion in the circumferential weakening line is broken. Thus, the breakage of the bridging part other than the non-breaking bridging part in the circumferential weakening line and the breakage of the axial weakening line are sufficiently surely realized.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of a container lid constructed according to the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 illustrates a container lid body in a preferred embodiment of the container lid improved in accordance with the present invention. The body shown, generally designated by the numeral 2, which can be molded from a suitable synthetic resin material such as polyethylene or polypropylene by compression molding, comprises a circular top wall 4 and a cylindrical skirt wall depending from the periphery of the circular top wall 4. 6 and. On the upper end of the inner peripheral surface of the skirt wall 6, there is formed an annular projecting piece 8 which projects downward inward from the inner peripheral surface. If desired, instead of forming the annular protruding piece 8 protruding from the upper end of the inner peripheral surface of the skirt wall 6, the boundary between the upper end of the inner peripheral surface of the skirt wall 6 and the outer peripheral edge of the inner surface of the top wall 4 or the top surface wall. It is also possible to form an annular projecting piece 8 projecting from the outer peripheral edge of the inner surface of 4.

Conveniently, a plurality of ribs 10 connecting the inner surface of the ceiling wall 4 and the upper surface of the annular projection 8 are formed in the circumferential direction in relation to the annular projection 8. is there. Referring to FIG. 2 together with FIG. 1, in the illustrated embodiment, each of the six portions 12a to 12f arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction has a substantially triangular shape 7.
The ribs 10 are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction.
The ribs 10 formed on the three portions 12a, 12c and 12e located at every other one of the above six portions constitute the first set, and the remaining three portions 12b, 12d and 12f. The ribs 10 formed on the first and second ribs form a second set. Then, the ribs 10 of the first set extend inward in the radial direction and incline to one side in the circumferential direction (that is, incline clockwise when viewed from below), and the ribs 10 of the second set extend in the radial direction. It extends outward in the direction inclining to the opposite side in the circumferential direction (that is, inclining counterclockwise when viewed from below).

Continuing the description with reference to FIG. 1, the skirt wall 6 is formed with a circumferential weakening line 14, and the skirt wall 6 is located above the circumferential weakening line 14 and has a relatively thick main portion. 16 and a relatively thin pilfer proof hem 18 below the circumferential weakening line 14. A female thread 20 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the main portion 16. On the outer peripheral surface of the main portion 16, knurls or uneven shapes 22 are formed to prevent slippage when a finger is slightly placed. On the other hand, on the inner peripheral surface of the pill-proof skirt 18, a plurality of flap pieces 24, which may have an appropriate shape and project inward in the radial direction, are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction.

The circumferential weakening line 14 includes a plurality of slits 26 (eight in the illustrated embodiment) extending in the circumferential direction at intervals in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of slits 26 (illustrated in the drawing). In this embodiment, it is composed of eight bridge portions 28a to 28h. The pilfer proof hem 18 is connected to the main portion 16 by bridging portions 28a to 28h. Referring to FIG. 3 together with FIG. 1, one of the plurality of bridging portions 28a to 28h is a non-breaking bridging portion 28a having a sufficiently large cross-sectional area Sa. In relation to the non-breaking bridging portion 28a, the pilfer proof skirt 18 is adjacent to at least one of both side edges of the non-breaking bridging portion 28a when viewed in the circumferential direction, and in the case of the drawing, Axial weakening lines 30a and 30b extending in the axial direction are formed adjacent to the respective side edges. Such axial weakening lines 30a and 3
0b can be composed of so-called perforations, etc.,
Conveniently it consists of so-called scores with reduced wall thickness.

According to the present invention, the non-breaking bridging portion 28a.
The at least one bridging portion located on the substantially diametrically opposite side with respect to the reinforced bridging portion is smaller than the cross-sectional area Sa of the non-breaking bridging portion 28a but larger than the cross-sectional areas of the other bridging portions. Is important. As can be seen from FIG.
In the illustrated embodiment, the bridging portion 28e located diametrically opposite to the non-breaking bridging portion 28a is a reinforced bridging portion, and the cross-sectional area Sa of the reinforced bridging portion 28e is non-breaking. Although smaller than the cross-sectional area Sa of the bridging portion 28a, other bridging portions 28b, 28c, 28d, 28f, 28g and 2
8h cross-sectional area Sb, Sc, Sd, Sf, Sg and Sh
It is made larger (Sa>Se> Sb = Sc
= Sd = Sf = Sg = Sh). If desired, bridge 28
In addition to or instead of e as the reinforced bridging portion, the bridging portions 28d and / or 28f may be reinforced bridging portions.

The cross-sectional area Sa of the reinforced bridge portion 28e is
When opening the neck of the container as described later, first the normal bridging portions 28b, 28c, 28d, 28f, 2
8g and 28h are ruptured, then either one of the axial weakening lines 30a and 30b formed in the pilfer proof hem 18 is ruptured, and at the same time or after that the reinforced bridging portion 28e is ruptured. The material characteristics of the main body 2 and the axial weakening lines 30a and 30b.
Is set according to the strength of the. To give an example for reference, the skirt wall 6 is made of high-density polyethylene, and the inner diameter of the pilfer proof skirt 18 is about 27.8 mm, and the axial weakening line 30a formed on the pilfer proof skirt 18 is shown. In the main body 2 of which the maximum residual thickness of 30 and 30b is about 0.20 mm and the width is about 1.00 mm, Sa≈5.40 mm 2 Se≈0.27 mm 2 Sb = Sc = Sd = Sf = Sg = Sh When it was set to ≈0.24 square mm, the expected result could be obtained.

In the illustrated embodiment, a liner is embossed on the inner surface of the top wall 4 of the container lid body 2 described above.
Referring to FIG. 4, a liner embossing apparatus including an anvil 32 and an embossing tool assembly 34 is used for embossing the liner. The anvil 32 has a substantially flat upper surface 36 for the body 2 on which the liner is to be stamped.
Is placed on the upper surface 36 of the anvil 32 in an inverted state, that is, with the outer surface of the top wall 4 facing downward. The embossing tool assembly 34 includes a supporting means 38, a center punch 40 mounted on the supporting means 38, and an outer sleeve 42. The supporting means 38 disposed above the anvil 32 is mounted so as to be able to move up and down by a suitable supporting structure (not shown), and also by a suitable raising and lowering means (not shown) as required. (The lifting and lowering movement of the supporting means 38 will be described later). Support means 3 for embossing tool assembly 34, if desired
Instead of moving the 8 up and down, the anvil 32 can also be moved up and down. The center punch 40, which is generally cylindrical in shape, is mounted on the support means 38 so as to be vertically movable over a predetermined range, and the outer sleeve 42, which is generally cylindrical and located outside the center punch 40, is fixed to the support means 38. ing. More specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the lower end of the support means 38 has a cylindrical protrusion 4 having an outer diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 42.
4 is formed, the upper end of the outer sleeve 42 is fitted on the protrusion 44, and the upper end of the outer sleeve 42 is fixed to the protrusion 44 by a plurality of setscrews 46.
Thus, the outer sleeve 42 is fixed to the supporting means 38. On the other hand, the center punch 40 is arranged in the outer sleeve 42 below the supporting means 38. The outer sleeve 42 has a plurality of openings 48 circumferentially spaced from each other.
(Two openings 48 are shown in FIG. 4). Corresponding to this, the center punch 40 has a plurality of pins projecting outward in the radial direction and located in the openings 48. 50 (two pins 50 are shown in FIG. 4) are screwed. Thus, in the center punch 40, the lower limit position where the pin 50 contacts the lower end of the opening 48, that is, the position shown in FIG.
Is mounted on the support means 38 via an outer sleeve 42 so as to be movable up and down between an upper limit position abutting on the upper end of the.
A spring 51 for biasing the center punch 40 to the above lower limit position with a relatively large force is interposed between the support means 38 and the center punch 40. If desired, the center punch 40 can be biased to the lower limit position by an appropriate fluid pressure means instead of the spring 51.

When the liner is embossed on the inner surface of the top wall 4 of the main body 2, the main body 2 is placed upside down at a predetermined position on the upper surface 36 of the anvil 32, as shown in FIG.
Then, by an appropriate supply means (not shown),
The softened and melted liner material 52 is supplied onto the inner surface of the top wall 4. The liner material is conveniently a relatively soft synthetic resin such as soft polyethylene. Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the embossing tool assembly 34 is lowered, and thus the liner material 52 is pressed by the lower surface of the center punch 40 and the lower surface of the outer sleeve 42 to be embossed into a liner 54 having a desired shape. . As can be seen from FIG. 5, the embossing tool assembly 34 is lowered to a position where the outer peripheral edge of the lower end of the outer sleeve 42 comes into contact with the annular projection 8 of the main body 2 and thus the liner in the region within the annular projection 8. 5
4 is formed. The central area of the liner 54 is defined by the lower surface of the center punch 40, and the peripheral area of the liner 54 is defined by the lower surface of the outer sleeve 42.

Regarding the embossing of the liner 54 as described above, the following points should be noted. First, when the liner 54 is embossed, the outer peripheral edge of the lower end of the outer sleeve 42 is brought into contact with the annular projecting piece 8 of the main body 2 as described above. Power is added. However, as described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, in the illustrated main body 2, a plurality of ribs 10 connecting the annular projection 8 and the top wall 4 are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction. The annular protrusion 8 is reinforced by the plurality of ribs 10. Therefore, it is possible to prevent or suppress undesired deformation of the annular projecting piece 8 due to the force applied to the annular projecting piece 8.

Secondly, when the liner 54 is stamped and molded, the liner material 52 flows radially outward and flows between the plurality of ribs 10. Therefore, when the liner 54 is embossed, the plurality of ribs 10 are projected into the liner 54. Thus, the liner 54 for the body 2
Are reliably prevented from rotating relative to each other.

Third, it is extremely difficult, if not impossible, to set the amount of the liner material 52 supplied to the inner surface of the top wall 4 of the main body 2 to a predetermined value extremely accurately, and it is usually supplied. The amount of liner material 52 that varies varies within a small range. In the illustrated liner embossing machine, the center punch 40 opposes the support means 38 and the outer sleeve 42 against the biasing action of the spring 51, as will be understood by comparing and comparing FIGS. 4 and 5. Rise, and thus by varying the thickness of the central region of the liner 54 to be stamped, compensates for variations in the amount of liner blank 52 dispensed. Thus, as will be apparent from the description below, the shape and size of the peripheral region of the liner 54 are important for the sealing property of the container lid, and the thickness of the central region of the liner 54 is the sealing property of the container lid. There is no particular adverse effect on. Therefore, according to the illustrated liner embossing apparatus, the liner 54 having the required sealing characteristics can be embossed even if the supply amount of the supplied liner material 52 changes.

Referring to FIG. 6, a container lid 56 consisting of the body 2 and the liner 54 is applied to the mouth neck 58 of the container. The mouth / neck portion 58 has a cylindrical outer peripheral surface, and on this outer peripheral surface, a male screw thread 60 and a locking jaw portion 62 located below the male screw thread 60 are formed.

When the mouth / neck portion 58 is closed by the container lid 56, the container lid 56 is fitted on the mouth / neck portion 58 and the container lid 2 is rotated in the closing direction, that is, in the clockwise direction when viewed from above in FIG. Excuse me. As a result, the female thread 20 formed on the main body 2 of the container lid 56 is screwed into the male thread 60 formed on the mouth / neck portion 58, whereby the container lid 56 moves axially downward with rotation. Be punished. When the container lid 56 is moved downward, the flap piece 24 formed on the main body 2 of the container lid 56 passes through the male thread 60 formed on the mouth / neck portion 58, and further, the locking jaw portion. When passing through the locking jaw portion 62, the locking flap piece 24 is elastically bent outward in the radial direction by the interference with the locking jaw portion 62. Main body 2 of container lid 56
The female thread 20 formed on the
When it is fully screwed, the locking flap piece 24 completely passes through the locking jaw portion 62 and is not interfered with by the locking jaw portion 62 as shown in FIG. Is elastically restored to the above state and is locked to the lower surface of the locking jaw portion 62. Further, the peripheral region of the liner 54 is brought into close contact with the upper end portion of the mouth / neck portion 58, and thus the mouth / neck portion 58 is reliably sealed.

As described above, the container lid 56 attached to the mouth / neck portion 58 is detached from the mouth / neck portion 58, and the mouth / neck portion 58 is removed.
When the container is opened, the container lid 56 is rotated in the direction opposite to the rotation direction when the container is attached, that is, in the counterclockwise direction when viewed from above in FIG. As a result, the female thread 20 formed on the main body 2 of the container lid 56 is moved along the male thread 60 formed on the mouth / neck portion 58, so that the container lid 56 does not move upward in the axial direction. And However, since the flap piece 24 formed on the inner surface of the pill-proof skirt 18 of the main body 2 of the container lid 56 is locked to the lower surface of the locking jaw 62 of the mouth / neck 58, the pill-proof proof is obtained. Movement of the hem portion 18 upward in the axial direction is prevented. Thus, stress is generated in the circumferential weakening line 14, more specifically in the bridging portions 28a to 28h, and in the axial weakening lines 30a and 30b. And due to the stress applied, first,
Of the bridging portions 28a to 28h, the non-breaking bridging portion 28a
And normal bridging portions 28b, 28 other than the reinforced bridging portion 28c
C, 28d, 28f, 28g and 28h are broken.
Next, one of the axial weakening lines 30a and 30b is broken. Then, at the same time or after that, the reinforced bridging portion 28e is broken. Thus, the pilfer proof hem portion 18 is expanded from the annular shape into a belt shape,
The pilfer proof hem 18 is separated from the main portion 16 of the skirt wall 6 of the body 2 except for the non-breaking bridging portion 28a, whereby the pilfer proof hem for the locking jaw 62 of the mouth / neck 58. The locking of 18 is sufficiently released. Therefore, the entire container lid 56 is detached from the mouth / neck portion 58 in the state as shown in FIG. At this time, since the liner 54 is prevented from rotating relative to the top wall 4 of the main body 2 as described above, the liner 54 is separated from the mouth / neck portion 58 with sufficient reliability and separated from the main body 2. In the state shown in FIG. 7, the strip-shaped pilfer proof skirt 18 continues to be connected to the main part 16 of the skirt wall 6 by the unbroken bridging portion 28a which is maintained without breaking. And the non-breaking bridging portion 2 due to the weight of the pilfer proof hem portion 18 itself expanded in a strip shape.
It is spirally displaced downward as it is separated from 8a in the circumferential direction.

Thus, in the body 2 of the illustrated container lid 56, the cross-sectional area Se of the reinforced bridging portion 28e is relatively large as described above, and not only the non-breakable bridging portion 28a but also the reinforced bridge portion 28a. The entanglement 28e is also maintained without breaking, and thus the Pilfer proof hem 18 and the locking jaw 6
While the mutual locking with 2 is still secured to a considerable extent,
The rupture of one of the axial weakening lines 30a and 30b formed on the pilfer proof skirt 18 is started. Therefore, either one of the axial weakening lines 30a and 30b is connected to the container lid 56.
Before the female thread 20 and the male thread 60 of the mouth / neck portion 58 are completely unthreaded, they are reliably broken.

On the other hand, in the conventional container lid,
There is no reinforced bridge and all the bridges except one non-broken bridge are broken, and then the axial weakening line formed on the pilfer proof hem is broken. Was intended. In such a conventional container lid, all the bridging parts except one non-breaking bridging part are broken, so that the interlocking between the pilfer proof hem and the lower surface of the locking jaw is large. Since the intention is to break the axial weakening line after it has been partially released, the pilfer proof hem extends axially beyond the locking jaws while maintaining the axial weakening line unbroken. It often moved upwards. In particular, when the pilfer proof skirt is made of a synthetic resin material, this tendency is large due to elastic deformation of the pilfer proof skirt. In such a case, the pilfer proof hem is not opened in a band shape, and therefore, the fact that the mouth / neck portion has been once opened is insufficient, and the pilfer proof hem may be damaged. In addition, the non-breaking bridging portion is broken by pulling the portion other than the pilfer proof hem portion of the container lid where the consumer is detached from the mouth and neck portion, thus completely detaching from the main portion of the skirt wall. The pilfer proof hem remains circular and remains in the mouth and neck.

Thus, as can be understood from the above description of mounting the container lid 56 on the mouth / neck portion 58 and detaching the container lid 56 from the mouth / neck portion 58, mounting the container lid 56 on the mouth / neck portion 58. When performing, the non-breaking bridging portion 28a and the reinforced bridging portion 28
Not only e but also normal bridging parts 28b, 28c, 28d, 2
8f, 28g, and 28h are also maintained without breaking, and when the container lid 56 is detached from the mouth / neck portion 58, the normal bridging portions 28b, 28c, 28d, 28f, 2 are used.
It is important to ensure that the reinforced bridging portion 28e with 8g and 28h is broken. To ensure that such requirements are met, if desired, as shown in FIG. 8, conventional bridging portions 28b, 28c, 28d, 28f, 28g and 28h may be used.
(And the reinforced bridge portion 28e) on the mouth / neck portion 58 with the container lid 5
It is possible to make the container lid 56 incline in the rotation direction when the 6 is attached and extend downward. Thus, when the container lid 56 is attached to the mouth / neck portion 58, the bridge portions 28b, 2
8c, 28d, 28f, 28g and 28h (and 28
Since the force acting on e) is in the direction indicated by the arrow 64, the bridging portions 28b, 28c, 28d, 28f, 28g and 28
Undesired breakage of h (and 28e) is suppressed.
Further, when the container lid 56 is detached from the mouth / neck portion 58, the bridging portions 28b, 28c, 28d, 28f, 28g and 28h.
Since the force acting on (and 28e) is in the direction indicated by the arrow 66, breakage of the bridging portions 28b, 28c, 28f, 28g and 28h (and 28e) is promoted.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. It does not require many words that it can be modified.

[0027]

In the container lid of the present invention, when the container neck portion is opened, the non-broken bridge portion in the peripheral weakening line formed on the required portion of the container lid, that is, the skirt wall is removed. Along with the bridge, the axial weakening line formed in the pilfer proof hem is reliably broken as required, thus ensuring that the pilfer proof properties are not compromised and also the pill on the container mouth neck. Retaining the far proof hem is reliably avoided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a main body of a container lid configured according to the present invention in a partial cross section.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line EE in FIG.

3 is a simplified cross-sectional view showing a bridging portion in the main body shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a simplified cross-sectional view for explaining the manner of forming the liner on the inner surface of the top wall of the main body shown in FIG.

5 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the manner of forming the liner on the inner surface of the top wall of the main body shown in FIG. 1 as in FIG.

6 is a side view showing a part of the container lid, which is completed by molding a liner on the inner surface of the top wall of the main body shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a state after the container lid shown in FIG. 6 is detached from the container neck portion.

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the form of a bridge portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2: Container lid main body 4: Top surface wall 6: Skirt wall 14: Circumferential weakening line 18: Pilfer proof hem 28a to 28h: Bridge portion 28a: Non-breaking bridge portion 28e: Reinforced bridge portion 30a and 30b: Axial weakening line 54: Liner 56: Container lid 58: Container mouth neck

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A top wall and a cylindrical skirt wall that hangs from the peripheral edge of the top wall, wherein the skirt wall has a plurality of circumferentially spaced slits extending in the circumferential direction and a position between the slits. A plurality of bridging portions are formed in the circumferential direction, and the skirt wall has a main portion above the circumferential weakening line and a pilfer proof skirt below the weakening line. One of the plurality of bridging portions is a non-breaking bridging portion having a sufficiently large cross-sectional area, and the pilfer is adjacent to at least one of both side edges of the non-breaking bridging portion. In the container lid in which an axial weakening line extending in the axial direction is formed in the proof hem,
At least one of the plurality of bridging portions located on the substantially diametrically opposite side with respect to the non-breaking bridging portion is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the non-breaking bridging portion, A reinforced bridge portion that is larger than the cross-sectional area, the other bridge portion is broken when the container neck is opened, then the axial weakening line is broken, and at the same time or after that A container lid, characterized in that the bridge portion is configured to be broken. 2. The axial weakening line extending in the axial direction is formed in the pilfer proof skirt adjacent to each of both side edges of the non-breaking bridging portion, and when opening the container mouth neck portion. The container lid according to claim 1, wherein one of the weakening lines in the axial direction is broken in the container. 3. The container lid according to claim 1, which is made of synthetic resin.