JPH0694198B2 - Composite material consisting of graphite and metal - Google Patents
Composite material consisting of graphite and metalInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0694198B2 JPH0694198B2 JP1305886A JP1305886A JPH0694198B2 JP H0694198 B2 JPH0694198 B2 JP H0694198B2 JP 1305886 A JP1305886 A JP 1305886A JP 1305886 A JP1305886 A JP 1305886A JP H0694198 B2 JPH0694198 B2 JP H0694198B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- graphite
- outer cylinder
- metal
- graphite outer
- composite material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 75
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 74
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims description 74
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 46
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 46
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZTXONRUJVYXVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium copper Chemical compound [Cr][Cu][Cr] ZTXONRUJVYXVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、各種機器の部品等に使われる黒鉛と金属から
なる複合材に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a composite material composed of graphite and a metal used for parts of various devices.
一般に金属と黒鉛とは互いに熱膨張率が大きく異なって
いる。例えば鉄鋼系の線膨張係数は13〜18×10-6である
のに対し、黒鉛の線膨張係数は２〜５×10-6である。一
般に、ろう付けや拡散接合で熱膨張率が実用上問題にな
らない範囲は、両者の線膨張係数の差が１×10-6より小
さい場合である。Generally, the coefficient of thermal expansion of metal and that of graphite are greatly different from each other. For example, the linear expansion coefficient of iron and steel is 13 to 18 × 10 −6 , whereas the linear expansion coefficient of graphite is 2 to 5 × 10 −6 . Generally, the range in which the coefficient of thermal expansion does not pose a practical problem in brazing or diffusion bonding is when the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the two is less than 1 × 10 −6 .
このため、金属と黒鉛をろう付けや拡散接合などで接合
すると、接合後の冷却過程で金属の収縮率の方が大きい
ため両者に寸法差を生じて大きな残留応力が発生し、極
端な場合には黒鉛が破壊することがある。For this reason, when metal and graphite are joined by brazing or diffusion bonding, the shrinkage rate of the metal is higher during the cooling process after joining, resulting in a dimensional difference between the two, resulting in a large residual stress. May break graphite.
一例として、第４図に示されるようなカップ状あるいは
パイプ状のクロム銅からなる金属材１の外側に円筒状の
黒鉛２を被着するに当たって、両者を例えばニッケル箔
などの結合材３を介して拡散結合（または硬ろう付け）
したと仮定する。この場合、接合時の高温状態で金属材
１の外面が黒鉛２の内面に密着するように各部の寸法が
設定されていると、接合後の冷却過程で金属材１は黒鉛
２に対して相対的に収縮する。金属材１は径方向ばかり
でなく軸方向にも収縮するため、金属材１に接合されて
いる黒鉛２は、その軸方向に撓むような力を受ける。こ
のため黒鉛２の端部2a,2bなどにクラックが生じたり、
クラックが進展して破壊に至ることがある。As an example, when the cylindrical graphite 2 is attached to the outside of the cup-shaped or pipe-shaped metallic material 1 made of chromium copper as shown in FIG. 4, they are bonded to each other via the bonding material 3 such as nickel foil. Diffusion bonding (or brazing)
Suppose you did. In this case, if the dimensions of each part are set such that the outer surface of the metal material 1 adheres to the inner surface of the graphite 2 in the high temperature state at the time of bonding, the metal material 1 is relatively opposed to the graphite 2 in the cooling process after bonding. Contracts. Since the metal material 1 contracts not only in the radial direction but also in the axial direction, the graphite 2 bonded to the metal material 1 receives a force that bends in the axial direction. For this reason, cracks may occur at the ends 2a, 2b of the graphite 2,
Cracks may develop and lead to destruction.
従って金属と黒鉛からなる複合材は、現在のところ小さ
な円柱同志の接合や小さな直方体同志の接合といった単
純形状のテストピースでの研究や、黒鉛と金属の反応性
の研究、あるいは熱膨張率の差が問題にならない程度の
ごく小さな部品での研究が行なわれているに過ぎなかっ
た。Therefore, composite materials consisting of metal and graphite are currently being studied with simple test pieces such as joints of small cylinders and joints of small rectangular parallelepipeds, studies of reactivity between graphite and metal, and differences in thermal expansion coefficient. The research was conducted only on such a small part that the above does not matter.
一方、従来よりパイプ状の材料にしばしば適用されてい
る焼き嵌めや冷やし嵌めによる機械的な締結では、黒鉛
の強度が低いこともあって充分な締結強度が得られなか
った。On the other hand, mechanical fastening by shrink fitting or cold fitting, which has often been applied to pipe-shaped materials in the past, could not provide sufficient fastening strength due to the low strength of graphite.
また、特開昭60−187546号公報に記載されているよう
に、黒鉛板と銅板との間にTi層とNi層を介在させること
によって、黒鉛と銅の熱膨張差を順次緩和させることも
提案されている。しかしながら筒状複合材のように内層
に金属、外層に黒鉛を使用した場合、内層側の金属部材
の収縮量がある程度大きい時に黒鉛の両端部に大きな引
張り応力が発生し、黒鉛が破損してしまうことがある。
しかも上記先行技術の場合には黒鉛板と銅板との間に複
数の層を介在させる必要があるため、このような中間層
を筒状の複合材に適用すると構造が複雑化するとともに
製造工程も複雑になるなどの問題がある。Further, as described in JP-A-60-187546, by interposing a Ti layer and a Ni layer between a graphite plate and a copper plate, the difference in thermal expansion between graphite and copper can be gradually reduced. Proposed. However, when a metal is used for the inner layer and graphite is used for the outer layer like a tubular composite material, large tensile stress occurs at both ends of the graphite when the amount of shrinkage of the metal member on the inner layer side is large to some extent, and the graphite is damaged. Sometimes.
Moreover, in the case of the above-mentioned prior art, since it is necessary to interpose a plurality of layers between the graphite plate and the copper plate, applying such an intermediate layer to a cylindrical composite material complicates the structure and also increases the manufacturing process. There are problems such as complexity.
また、接着剤によって金属と黒鉛を接合させることも考
えられるが、接着剤を用いる接合では耐熱性に難点であ
り、しかも真空や特殊雰囲気中での使用の場合に、接着
剤からのガスの発生が問題となる。It is also possible to bond metal and graphite with an adhesive, but joining with an adhesive has a problem in heat resistance. Moreover, when used in a vacuum or a special atmosphere, gas generation from the adhesive Is a problem.
本発明は、両端が開口する黒鉛製の外筒と、上記黒鉛外
筒の内側に挿入されかつ黒鉛外筒よりも熱膨張率の大き
い金属からなりかつ上記黒鉛外筒との間に設けられた結
合材を介して上記黒鉛外筒の内周面全体に密接可能な外
径を有するとともに拡散接合あるいは硬ろう付け等の高
温接合手段により上記黒鉛外筒に接合される金属製の内
筒とを具備し、かつ上記黒鉛外筒の両端部の全周にわた
り、それぞれ両端に向って外径が漸減するようにテーパ
状あるいは曲面状に面取り加工した部分を設けたことを
特徴とする黒鉛と金属からなる複合材である。The present invention is provided between a graphite outer cylinder having openings at both ends, and a metal inserted into the inside of the graphite outer cylinder and having a coefficient of thermal expansion larger than that of the graphite outer cylinder, and provided between the graphite outer cylinder. A metal inner cylinder having an outer diameter capable of being brought into close contact with the entire inner peripheral surface of the graphite outer cylinder via a bonding material and being joined to the graphite outer cylinder by high temperature joining means such as diffusion bonding or hard brazing. From graphite and metal, which are provided and are provided with a chamfered portion in a tapered shape or a curved surface so that the outer diameter is gradually reduced toward both ends over the entire circumference of both ends of the graphite outer cylinder. It is a composite material.
黒鉛外筒の端部に何らの対策も施されていない場合に
は、材料の組合わせや形状、大きさ等によっては両者の
熱膨張の差により接合後の冷却過程で黒鉛外筒の端部に
クックが生じることがあるが、本発明によれば黒鉛外筒
の両端角部をテーパ状または曲面状に面取りしたことに
より、金属内筒の収縮量が大きい場合に黒鉛外筒の両端
部に過剰な引張り応力が生じることを回避でき、クラッ
クの発生を防止できる。If no measures are taken at the end of the graphite outer tube, the end of the graphite outer tube may be cooled in the cooling process after joining due to the difference in thermal expansion between the two depending on the material combination, shape, size, etc. However, according to the present invention, by chamfering both end corners of the graphite outer cylinder in a tapered shape or a curved shape, the graphite outer cylinder has a large amount of contraction at both ends of the graphite outer cylinder. Excessive tensile stress can be avoided and cracks can be prevented.
上記複合材の黒鉛外筒と金属内筒は互いに硬ろう付けあ
るいは拡散接合などの高温接合によって行なわれている
から、焼き嵌め、冷やし嵌め等の機械的な締結と比較す
ると接合強度が高く耐熱性がある。また、接着剤による
接合と比較すると耐熱性がはるかに優れており、かつ真
空雰囲気中でガスの放出を生じるおそれもない。Since the graphite outer cylinder and the metal inner cylinder of the above composite material are bonded to each other by high temperature bonding such as hard brazing or diffusion bonding, the bonding strength is higher and the heat resistance is higher than that of mechanical fastening such as shrinkage fitting and cold fitting. There is. Further, it has far superior heat resistance as compared with bonding with an adhesive, and there is no fear that gas will be released in a vacuum atmosphere.
第１図に示された一実施例において、複合材５は黒鉛製
の外筒６と、この黒鉛外筒６の内側に挿入される金属製
の内筒７を備えている。黒鉛外筒６は、両端が開口する
円筒形状ないしリング状である。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the composite material 5 includes an outer cylinder 6 made of graphite and an inner cylinder 7 made of metal inserted inside the graphite outer cylinder 6. The graphite outer cylinder 6 has a cylindrical shape or a ring shape with both ends open.
金属内筒７は本実施例の場合、一端側が開口するカップ
型である。この金属内筒７は、黒鉛よりも熱膨張率の大
きな金属、例えば銅、ニッケル、チタン、鉄鋼、あるい
はこれらの合金が用いられる。金属内筒７はカップ型に
限るものではなく、例えば両端が開口したパイプ状であ
ってもよい。In the case of the present embodiment, the metal inner cylinder 7 is a cup type with one end open. The metal inner cylinder 7 is made of a metal having a coefficient of thermal expansion larger than that of graphite, such as copper, nickel, titanium, steel, or alloys thereof. The metal inner cylinder 7 is not limited to the cup shape, and may be, for example, a pipe shape with both ends opened.
そして黒鉛外筒６と金属内筒７は、拡散接合あるいは硬
ろう付けなどのように高温度で行なわれる接合手段によ
り、結合材９を介して互いに接合されている。結合材９
は例えば円筒状のニッケル箔やチタン箔であるか、適宜
の硬ろう材を使用することが可能である。結合材９の厚
みは例えば数十μ程度である。The graphite outer cylinder 6 and the metal inner cylinder 7 are bonded to each other via a bonding material 9 by a bonding means that is performed at a high temperature such as diffusion bonding or hard brazing. Binder 9
Is, for example, a cylindrical nickel foil or titanium foil, or an appropriate hard brazing material can be used. The thickness of the binder 9 is, for example, about several tens of μ.
上記黒鉛外筒６の内径と金属内筒７の外径、および結合
材９の各寸法は、これらが接合温度まで加熱された時に
各部が互いに密着できるように、各材質の熱膨張係数に
もとづいて予め算出しておく。The inner diameter of the graphite outer cylinder 6 and the outer diameter of the metal inner cylinder 7 and the respective dimensions of the binder 9 are based on the thermal expansion coefficient of each material so that the respective parts can adhere to each other when they are heated to the bonding temperature. And calculate in advance.
そして黒鉛外筒６の両端部6a,6bの角部に、それぞれ全
周にわたってテーパ状の面取りが行なわれている。The corners of both ends 6a and 6b of the graphite outer cylinder 6 are each chamfered in a tapered shape over the entire circumference.
上記構成の複合材５は、金属内筒７に結合材９をセット
し、黒鉛外筒６に挿入したのち、接合温度まで加熱す
る。加熱により金属内筒７は相対的に径が拡大し、結合
材９を介して黒鉛外筒６に拡散接合（または硬ろう付
け）によって接合させられる。In the composite material 5 having the above-described structure, the binder 9 is set in the metal inner cylinder 7, the graphite outer cylinder 6 is inserted, and then the composite material 5 is heated to the bonding temperature. By heating, the diameter of the metal inner cylinder 7 is relatively increased, and the metal inner cylinder 7 is bonded to the graphite outer cylinder 6 via the bonding material 9 by diffusion bonding (or hard brazing).
こうして金属内筒７に接合された黒鉛外筒６は、接合後
の冷却過程で金属との熱膨張率の差によって径方向ある
いは軸方向等に力を受ける。ここで、黒鉛外筒６が従来
（第４図参照）のようの両端部に何らの対策も施されて
いないと、軸方向の熱膨張率の差が大きい場合に、黒鉛
外筒６の両端部にクラックが発生することがある。しか
しながら本実施例の黒鉛外筒６は、その両端部6a,6bが
予めテーパ状に面取りされていることにより、冷却過程
でクラックを生じたり、クラックが進展して破損に至る
ことを防止できる。The graphite outer cylinder 6 bonded to the metal inner cylinder 7 in this way receives a force in the radial direction or the axial direction due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion with the metal in the cooling process after the bonding. Here, if no measures are taken at both ends of the graphite outer cylinder 6 as in the conventional case (see FIG. 4), both ends of the graphite outer cylinder 6 will be affected when the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion in the axial direction is large. A crack may occur in the part. However, in the graphite outer cylinder 6 of this embodiment, both ends 6a and 6b are chamfered in a tapered shape in advance, so that it is possible to prevent cracks from being generated in the cooling process or the cracks from developing and becoming damaged.
熱膨張率の差は当然径方向にも現われる。しかし黒鉛外
筒６の径が例えば数mmないし数十mm程度と小さい場合に
は、特に対策を講じなくとも黒鉛外筒６は金属内筒７に
対して比較的安定した接合状態を維持できる。しかし黒
鉛外筒６の径が比較的大きく、金属内筒７に対する径方
向の熱膨張率の差が問題になる場合には、以下述べるよ
うな手段を講じることが望ましい。The difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion naturally appears in the radial direction. However, when the diameter of the graphite outer cylinder 6 is small, for example, about several mm to several tens of mm, the graphite outer cylinder 6 can maintain a relatively stable joined state with the metal inner cylinder 7 without taking any measures. However, when the diameter of the graphite outer cylinder 6 is relatively large and the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion in the radial direction with respect to the metal inner cylinder 7 poses a problem, it is desirable to take the following means.
すなわち、第２図に示されるように金属内筒７の内面7a
をテーパ状にする。このテーパ状内面7aには、黒鉛また
は黒鉛と同等の熱膨張率の材料からなる押え部材10が挿
入される。押え部材10は円錐台状をなし、その外面は上
記テーパ状内面7aと一致するようにテーパ状をなしてい
る。That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the inner surface 7a of the metal inner cylinder 7 is
Taper. A pressing member 10 made of graphite or a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion equivalent to that of graphite is inserted into the tapered inner surface 7a. The pressing member 10 has a truncated cone shape, and its outer surface is tapered so as to coincide with the tapered inner surface 7a.
第２図に示されるように常温で黒鉛外筒６に金属内筒７
と結合材９および押え部材10等をセットし、接合温度ま
で加熱する。この加熱によって、金属内筒７の外径と内
径が相対的に広がるから、押え部材10に矢印Ｆ方向から
適当な荷重を付加することによって、押え部材10を奥ま
で圧入する。As shown in FIG. 2, the graphite outer cylinder 6 and the metal inner cylinder 7 at room temperature.
Then, the binding material 9, the pressing member 10 and the like are set and heated to the bonding temperature. Due to this heating, the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the metal inner cylinder 7 are relatively widened. Therefore, by applying an appropriate load to the pressing member 10 in the direction of arrow F, the pressing member 10 is press-fitted to the inside.
このように押え部材10を押込みつつ接合温度まで加熱す
ることにより、黒鉛外筒６と金属内筒７は結合材９を介
して拡散結合（または硬ろう付け）によって結合させら
れる。そして押え部材10は金属内筒７から押出されるこ
となく嵌合状態を維持する。By heating the pressing member 10 to the bonding temperature while pushing it in this manner, the graphite outer cylinder 6 and the metal inner cylinder 7 are joined by diffusion bonding (or hard brazing) via the bonding material 9. The pressing member 10 maintains the fitted state without being pushed out from the metal inner cylinder 7.
こうして金属内筒７は内部の押え部材10によって収縮が
阻止され、径が広がった状態のまま常温まで戻されるこ
とにより、冷却過程で一種の塑性変形を生じ、押え部材
10を除去しても金属内筒７は拡径したままとなる。従っ
て、黒鉛外筒６と金属内筒７との接合面に剥離方向の過
剰な力が生じることを防げる。押え部材10は通常は冷却
後に適宜の方法で除去するが、特に問題がなければ除去
しないで挿入したまま残してもよい。In this way, the metal inner cylinder 7 is prevented from shrinking by the internal pressing member 10 and returned to room temperature with the diameter expanded, so that a kind of plastic deformation occurs in the cooling process and the pressing member 10
Even if 10 is removed, the metal inner cylinder 7 remains expanded in diameter. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an excessive force in the peeling direction from being generated on the joint surface between the graphite outer cylinder 6 and the metal inner cylinder 7. Although the pressing member 10 is usually removed by an appropriate method after cooling, it may be left inserted without being removed unless there is a particular problem.
上述した複合材５によれば、単なる焼き嵌めや冷やし嵌
め等の機械的嵌合に比べて耐熱性と接合強度が高い。し
かも接着剤を使用した場合のような汚染物質の放出も生
じないため、例えば次に述べるような用途に使用でき
る。According to the composite material 5 described above, the heat resistance and the bonding strength are higher than those of mechanical fitting such as mere shrink fitting or cold fitting. Moreover, since the release of pollutants unlike the case where an adhesive is used does not occur, it can be used for the following applications.
黒鉛の耐熱性は非酸化性雰囲気では約2500℃と優れてい
るため、金属内筒７の内側を適宜の手段によって冷却す
ることにより、優れた高温耐熱性を発揮する。しかも黒
鉛外筒６と金属内筒７との機械的接合強度が高いため、
従来の接着や焼き嵌めでは強度的に使用できなかった条
件下で、メカニカルシールや幅受け等の摺動部材に使用
することが可能である。この場合、金属内筒７の材質は
鉄鋼系金属が適する。黒鉛は自己潤滑性があり、しかも
摩擦抵抗が小さいので無給油の軸受として使用すること
ができる。Since the heat resistance of graphite is as high as about 2500 ° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, by cooling the inside of the metal inner cylinder 7 by an appropriate means, excellent heat resistance at high temperature is exhibited. Moreover, since the mechanical joining strength between the graphite outer cylinder 6 and the metal inner cylinder 7 is high,
It can be used for a sliding member such as a mechanical seal or a width receiver under the condition that the conventional bonding or shrink fitting cannot be used for strength. In this case, a steel-based metal is suitable for the material of the metal inner cylinder 7. Graphite has a self-lubricating property and has a small friction resistance, so that it can be used as an oil-free bearing.
しかも上記方法によって得られた複合材５は耐熱性が高
く、かつ高温でも汚染ガスの放出が無いので、例えばＸ
線発生用ターゲットやスパッタリングターゲットとして
炭素を用いる場合に、従来よりも高温度で使用可能であ
る。Ｘ線発生用のターゲットは真空中で使用され、しか
も電子線が照射させられて高温となるため耐熱性が要求
されるとともに、真空雰囲気の汚染のない接合が必要で
あるから、本発明の複合材はこの種の用途に好適であ
る。この場合、金属内筒７には例えば銅合金等が使用さ
れる。Moreover, since the composite material 5 obtained by the above method has high heat resistance and does not emit pollutant gas even at high temperature, for example, X
When carbon is used as a line generation target or a sputtering target, it can be used at a higher temperature than before. The target for X-ray generation is used in a vacuum, and further, it is required to have heat resistance because it is irradiated with an electron beam and has a high temperature, and it is necessary to join the vacuum atmosphere without contamination. The material is suitable for this type of application. In this case, a copper alloy or the like is used for the metal inner cylinder 7.
なお、第３図に示されるように黒鉛の両端部6a,6bを曲
面状に面取りするようにしても、上記実施例と同様に黒
鉛の端部6a,6bにクラックが生じることを防止できる。Even if both ends 6a, 6b of the graphite are chamfered in a curved shape as shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks at the ends 6a, 6b of the graphite as in the above-mentioned embodiment.
本発明によれば、互いに熱膨張率の異なる黒鉛外筒と金
属内筒を拡散接合や硬ろう付けなどにような高温接合に
よって互いに接合する場合に、黒鉛外筒の両端部にテー
パあるいは曲面状の加工を施すだけの簡単な対策によっ
て、黒鉛が破損することを防止できる。しかも本発明の
複合材は耐熱性があり、かつ雰囲気中へのガスの放出の
心配もない。According to the present invention, when a graphite outer cylinder and a metal inner cylinder having different coefficients of thermal expansion are joined to each other by high temperature joining such as diffusion joining or hard brazing, both ends of the graphite outer cylinder are tapered or curved. It is possible to prevent the graphite from being damaged by a simple measure that only requires the processing of. Moreover, the composite material of the present invention has heat resistance, and there is no fear of releasing gas into the atmosphere.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す複合材の断面図、第２
図は第１図に示された複合材の製造過程において押え部
材を用いた場合の断面図、第３図は本発明の他の実施例
を示す複合材の断面図、第４図は従来の複合材を例示す
る断面図である。 ５…複合材、６…黒鉛外筒、6a,6b…両端部、７…金属
内筒、９…結合材。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a composite material showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a case where a pressing member is used in the manufacturing process of the composite material shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a composite material showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is sectional drawing which illustrates a composite material. 5 ... Composite material, 6 ... Graphite outer cylinder, 6a, 6b ... Both ends, 7 ... Metal inner cylinder, 9 ... Binder.
Claims (1)
外筒の内側に挿入されかつ黒鉛外筒よりも熱膨張率の大
きい金属からなりかつ上記黒鉛外筒との間に設けられた
結合材を介して上記黒鉛外筒の内周面全体に密接可能な
外径を有するとともに拡散接合あるいは硬ろう付け等の
高温接合手段により上記黒鉛外筒に接合される金属製の
内筒とを具備し、かつ上記黒鉛外筒の両端部の全周にわ
たり、それぞれ両端に向って外径が漸減するようにテー
パ状あるいは曲面状に面取り加工した部分を設けたこと
を特徴とする黒鉛と金属からなる複合材。1. A graphite outer cylinder having openings at both ends, and a graphite outer cylinder which is inserted inside the graphite outer cylinder and which is made of a metal having a coefficient of thermal expansion larger than that of the graphite outer cylinder and is provided between the graphite outer cylinder. And a metal inner cylinder having an outer diameter capable of being brought into close contact with the entire inner peripheral surface of the graphite outer cylinder via a bonding material and being joined to the graphite outer cylinder by high-temperature joining means such as diffusion bonding or hard brazing. Graphite and metal, characterized in that a chamfered portion is provided in a tapered shape or a curved shape so that the outer diameter gradually decreases toward both ends of the graphite outer cylinder over the entire circumference of both ends thereof. Composite material consisting of.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1305886A JPH0694198B2 (en) | 1986-01-24 | 1986-01-24 | Composite material consisting of graphite and metal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1305886A JPH0694198B2 (en) | 1986-01-24 | 1986-01-24 | Composite material consisting of graphite and metal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62170336A JPS62170336A (en) | 1987-07-27 |
| JPH0694198B2 true JPH0694198B2 (en) | 1994-11-24 |
Family
ID=11822526
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1305886A Expired - Lifetime JPH0694198B2 (en) | 1986-01-24 | 1986-01-24 | Composite material consisting of graphite and metal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0694198B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0825249B2 (en) * | 1990-07-24 | 1996-03-13 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Bismuth superconducting-precious metal laminate |
| CN105252830A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-01-20 | 南通山剑石墨设备有限公司 | Graphite cylinder |
-
1986
- 1986-01-24 JP JP1305886A patent/JPH0694198B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62170336A (en) | 1987-07-27 |
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