JPH0694972B2 - Absorption heat pump device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention utilizes a waste steam or other heat source to obtain a heated fluid such as hot water or hot air whose temperature is higher than that of the heat source. The present invention relates to improvement of a heat pump device (hereinafter referred to as this type of absorption heat pump device).

(B) Conventional Technology As a conventional technology of this type of absorption heat pump device, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-25711, after heating the absorption liquid generated in the high temperature generator and in the low temperature generator. It is known that a refrigerant flow path for guiding the refrigerant to the evaporator is formed via the condenser.

(C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention This type of absorption heat pump device is a double-effect absorption heat pump device [hereinafter referred to as a conventional absorption heat pump device that obtains hot water at a lower temperature level than the heat source fluid supplied to the high temperature generator. A heat pump device] (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-71751 <Fig. 3> and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-31264) is used to raise the latent heat of condensation of the refrigerant in the condenser to raise the warm water. Therefore, unlike conventional absorption heat pump devices, it is necessary to guide as much refrigerant as possible to the absorber side while reducing heat loss by reducing the heat release from the condenser to the outside of the device. If so, it is necessary to send the absorbent with the highest possible concentration to the absorber].

On the other hand, the conventional absorption heat pump device of this type described above increases the refrigerant absorption capacity of the absorber by utilizing the heat of the refrigerant generated in the high temperature generator for concentrating the absorbing liquid in the low temperature generator. Although it can be obtained, it has a structure in which the refrigerant used for the concentration of the absorbing liquid is cooled in the condenser to lower the temperature and then heated in the evaporator to raise the temperature again. There is a problem in that the heat in the inside is wasted, and the operating efficiency is reduced due to the heat loss.

The present invention has been made in view of this problem, and an object thereof is to provide an absorption heat pump device of this type having a higher operating efficiency (coefficient of performance) than the conventional absorption heat pump device of this type.

(D) Means for Solving Problems As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention provides a method in which a refrigerant generated in a high temperature generator heats an absorbing liquid in the container via a low temperature generator. The refrigerant flow path is formed in this type of absorption heat pump device so as to be guided to the evaporator by bypassing the condenser.

(E) Action This type of absorption heat pump device according to the present invention has a structure in which the refrigerant used for concentrating the absorption liquid in the low-temperature generator bypasses the condenser and flows to the evaporator. The function of guiding the refrigerant having a higher temperature level than that of the absorption heat pump device to the evaporator and saving the heat quantity of the heat source fluid supplied thereto is, in other words, the effect of relaxing the heat radiation to the outside of the device. Due to this action, in the device of the present invention,
Compared with the conventional device, the heat loss is further reduced and the operation efficiency is improved.

(F) Embodiment FIG. 1 is a schematic structural explanatory view showing an embodiment of an absorption heat pump device of this type according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, (1) is a high temperature generator, (2) is a generation condenser comprising a low temperature generator (3) and a condenser (4), and (5) is an evaporator (6) and an absorber (7). Evaporative absorber consisting of (8)
Is a low temperature solution heat exchanger, (9) is a high temperature solution heat exchanger,
(P _R ) is a pump for refrigerant liquid, (P _A ) is a pump for absorbing liquid, and these devices are pipes (10) through which the dilute absorbing liquid flows down, and pipes (11) through which absorbing liquid with an intermediate concentration flows down. , Pipelines (12), (13) through which concentrated absorbent is sent, pipelines (14), (1) through which refrigerant flows
5) and the refrigerant (water) and the absorption liquid (lithium bromide aqueous solution) connected by the pipelines (16) and (17) to which the refrigerant liquid is sent.
The circulation path is constructed. Although not shown,
Each of the generation condenser and the evaporation absorber may be formed by connecting two containers with a refrigerant vapor pipe line instead of forming one container body.

(18) is a heat source for the high temperature generator (1), (19) is a heater for the low temperature generator (3), (20) is a cooler for the condenser (4),
(21) is a heat source for the evaporator (6), (22) is an absorber (7)
It is a heated device. In addition, (23) and (24) are heaters (1
8) Pipes for circulation of low-temperature heat source fluid such as hot waste water, waste steam or hot water using solar heat connected to (8), (25) and (26) are pipes for circulation of cooling water connected to a cooler (20), ( 27),
(28) is a conduit for circulating the low-temperature heat source fluid connected to the heat supply device (21), and (29) and (30) are circulation of hot water or other heated fluid connected to the heated device (22). It is a conduit for.

Next, an example of the operation of the double-effect absorption heat pump device (hereinafter referred to as the present device) thus configured will be described.

While supplying hot water to the load side to the device to be heated (22), the waste steam of about 100 ° C is supplied to the heat supply devices (18) and (21) and the cooling device (20) is cooled to about 10 ° C. Supply water and
By driving the refrigerant liquid pump (P _R ) and the absorption liquid pump (P _A ), the absorption liquid begins to boil in the high temperature generator (1) to generate refrigerant vapor, and a heater for the refrigerant vapor. Due to the latent heat of condensation in (19), the absorption liquid in the low temperature generator (3) also begins to boil and new refrigerant vapor is generated, and this refrigerant vapor is liquefied in the condenser (4) and the evaporator (6) The refrigerant condensed while being sent to the heater (19) bypasses the condenser (4) and is sent to the evaporator (6), where the refrigerant is vaporized. Moreover, the absorption liquid in which the refrigerant is sequentially separated and concentrated in the high temperature generator (1) and the low temperature generator (3) is sent to the absorber (7), where the gaseous refrigerant from the evaporator (6) is present. Generates heat while being diluted with [refrigerant vapor],
This heat causes the hot water in the device to be heated (22) to rise in temperature,
The diluted absorption liquid returns to the high temperature generator (1). By circulating such refrigerant and absorbing liquid, the internal pressure of the generated condenser (2) is kept at about 14 mmHg, the internal pressure of the high temperature generator (1) is kept at about 120 mmHg, and the internal pressure of the evaporative absorber (5) is kept at about 600 mmHg. The equipment operates and the saturation temperature of the absorbing liquid in the absorber (7) is 13
The temperature is about 4 to 142 ℃, and it can be fully used from the heater (22) as a chemical plant or factory.
High temperature water of 5 ℃ is obtained.

FIG. 2 is a Duhring diagram showing the absorption heat pump cycle by the circulation of the refrigerant and the absorption liquid in the above-described operation example of the present apparatus. As can be seen from this Dühring diagram, in this device, the
Refrigerant liquid of about 55 ° C from the heater (19) is added to the refrigerant liquid of 16 ° C, and the temperature of the refrigerant liquid is raised [By the way, the temperature becomes about 30 ° C. ] To the evaporator (6), the evaporator (6) is different from the conventional absorption heat pump device of this type in which only the refrigerant liquid of about 16 ° C. from the condenser (4) is sent to the evaporator (6). Only a small amount of heat is required to raise the temperature of the refrigerant in () to the boiling temperature [evaporation temperature of about 93 ℃]. This is
In other words, the heat radiation from the condenser (4) to the outside of the device, that is, the heat loss of the device is small. And
This device can improve the operation efficiency (coefficient of performance) by the amount of heat loss smaller than that of the conventional device.

Further, in this device, (31) is an overflow pipe for keeping the liquid surface of the high temperature generator (1) at a predetermined level or less,
(L _R ) is the liquid level relay that controls the start / stop or discharge amount of the refrigerant liquid pump (P _R ), and (L _A ) is the liquid level relay that controls the start / stop or discharge amount of the absorption liquid pump (P _A ). A relay (C) detects a hot water load (for example, the hot water temperature at the outlet side of the heated device (22)), and a high temperature generator (1) or an evaporator (6)
The controller is designed to limit the amount of heat source fluid supplied to and the amount of absorbing liquid sent from the low temperature generator (3) to the absorber (7) at low load. It should be noted that the limit of the amount of the absorbing liquid at the time of low load may be performed by restricting the discharge amount of the absorbing liquid pump (P _A ) instead of the valve.

In addition, in this device, instead of providing a reservoir for the refrigerant drain in the pipe line (15) or connecting the pipe line (15) with the pipe line (16), the refrigerant liquid spreader (32) of the evaporator (6) is provided. ), And a refrigerant feed device such as a pump or a turbocharger may be provided in the pipe line (15) [not shown].

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural explanatory view showing another embodiment of this type of absorption heat pump device according to the present invention. In this figure, the same reference numerals are used for the same components as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. Is attached. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the dilute absorption liquid from the absorber (7) is distributed and sent to both the high temperature generator (1) and the low temperature generator (3), and the refrigerant is separated in these generators. The concentrated absorbent is merged and returned to the absorber (7). In Fig. 3, (33) is a distributor for dilute absorbent, (34) is a mixer for concentrated absorbent,
_HGA ) and (P _LGA ) are pumps for concentrated absorbent.
Also in this embodiment, when operated under the same conditions as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, as compared with the conventional absorption heat pump device of this type, a refrigerant having a high temperature of about 14 ° C. is used for the evaporator (6). Can be sent to.

(G) Effect of the Invention As described above, the absorption heat pump device of this type according to the present invention has a function of increasing the temperature level of the refrigerant sent to the evaporator as compared with the conventional absorption heat pump device of this type (consumption in the evaporator The function of saving the amount of heat], that is, the effect of alleviating the heat radiation from the condenser to the outside of the apparatus is exerted, and the beneficial effect of enabling highly efficient operation with less heat loss is provided to the apparatus.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural explanatory view showing an embodiment of an absorption heat pump device of this type according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a Duhring diagram showing an example of an absorption heat pump cycle of the device shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic structural explanatory view showing another embodiment of this type of absorption heat pump device according to the present invention. (1) ... High temperature generator, (3) ... Low temperature generator, (4) ... Condenser, (6) ... Evaporator, (7) ... Absorber, (14), (1
5), (16), (17) ... pipe, (18) ... heater, (19)
… Heater, (20)… Cooler, (21)… Heater, (22)…
Heated device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A high temperature generator, a low temperature generator, a condenser, an absorber and an evaporator are connected by piping to form a circulation path for a refrigerant and an absorbing liquid, and a cooling fluid is circulated through the condenser to form an evaporator. By supplying the heat source fluid to the high temperature generator and circulating the heated fluid to the absorber, the high temperature generator is operated at a lower pressure than the evaporator and the absorber, and the condenser and the low temperature generator are In a double-effect absorption heat pump device configured to operate at a low pressure to raise the temperature of the fluid to be heated above the temperature of the heat source fluid by the heat generated when the absorbing liquid in the absorber absorbs the refrigerant, a high temperature is generated. Of the double-effect type characterized in that the refrigerant flow path is formed so that the refrigerant after being heated in the low-temperature generator and heated in the low-temperature generator bypasses the condenser and is guided to the evaporator. Absorption heat pump device.