JPH0694988B2 - Crucible furnace - Google Patents
Crucible furnaceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0694988B2 JPH0694988B2 JP61074852A JP7485286A JPH0694988B2 JP H0694988 B2 JPH0694988 B2 JP H0694988B2 JP 61074852 A JP61074852 A JP 61074852A JP 7485286 A JP7485286 A JP 7485286A JP H0694988 B2 JPH0694988 B2 JP H0694988B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- crucible
- furnace
- exhaust gas
- combustion chamber
- molten metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 37
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 37
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 33
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021652 non-ferrous alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、たとえば非鉄金属を溶融して合金などを製造
する際に好適に用いられるるつぼ炉に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a crucible furnace suitably used when, for example, a nonferrous metal is melted to produce an alloy or the like.
従来技術 第９図は、典型的な従来技術のるつぼ炉１の断面図であ
る。第９図を参照してるつぼ炉１の構成について説明す
る。るつぼ炉１の炉体２内の燃焼室３において、炉体２
の炉床４付近にはバーナ５が配置される。この燃焼室３
内において炉床４には、坩台６が設けられ、この坩台６
上に銅合金などを溶解して貯留するるつぼ７が配置され
る。炉体２には炉蓋８が設けられ、炉蓋８のるつぼ７の
直上方には開口９が形成されている。銅合金などのよう
なインゴツト10を開口９からるつぼ７内に挿入し、るつ
ぼ７を加熱して溶湯を得る。Prior Art FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a typical prior art crucible furnace 1. The configuration of the crucible furnace 1 will be described with reference to FIG. In the combustion chamber 3 in the furnace body 2 of the crucible furnace 1, the furnace body 2
A burner 5 is arranged near the hearth 4 of the. This combustion chamber 3
Inside the hearth 4, a crucible 6 is provided.
A crucible 7 for melting and storing a copper alloy or the like is arranged on the top. A furnace lid 8 is provided on the furnace body 2, and an opening 9 is formed immediately above the crucible 7 of the furnace lid 8. An ingot 10 such as a copper alloy is inserted into the crucible 7 through the opening 9 and the crucible 7 is heated to obtain a molten metal.
発明が解決しようとする問題点 上述したような従来技術のるつぼ炉１では、バーナ５が
燃焼室３内において炉床４付近に設けられているため、
たとえばるつぼ７が破損して溶湯が流出すると、バーナ
５が閉塞されてしまうという問題があつた。Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the conventional crucible furnace 1 as described above, since the burner 5 is provided in the combustion chamber 3 near the hearth 4,
For example, if the crucible 7 is damaged and the molten metal flows out, the burner 5 is blocked.
またバーナ５による燃焼を停止して、るつぼ７内に得ら
れた溶湯を汲出す操作を行なうとき、燃焼室３内の上方
は炉蓋８の開口９を介して外気と連通しており、比較的
急速に冷却される。したがつてこのような汲出し作業に
おいて得られた溶湯が急冷されやすく、汲出し作業およ
びそれに引続く工程が困難になる場合がある。When the burner 5 is stopped and the molten metal obtained in the crucible 7 is pumped out, the upper part of the combustion chamber 3 communicates with the outside air through the opening 9 of the furnace lid 8. Is rapidly cooled. Therefore, the molten metal obtained in such a pumping operation is likely to be rapidly cooled, which may make the pumping operation and the subsequent steps difficult.
また溶湯の汲出し作業などにおいて、湯こぼれが発生し
た場合、炉床４は繊維状セラミツクスなどで形成されて
おり、したがつて湯こぼれした溶湯の炉床４からの湯ば
なれが悪く、炉床４の修復が困難となつてしまう。Further, in the case of spillage of molten metal during pumping work, the hearth 4 is formed of fibrous ceramics, etc. Therefore, the molten metal spilled from the hearth is not well spread from the hearth 4 and the furnace It is difficult to repair the floor 4.
本発明の目的は、上述の問題点を解決し、得られた溶湯
が汲出し作業などにおいてむやみに急冷されることを防
ぐとともに、溶湯の湯こぼれなどに対して炉体の修復が
容易な改良されたるつぼ炉を提供することである。An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, prevent the obtained molten metal from being unnecessarily rapidly cooled in pumping work, etc., and improve the furnace body to easily repair molten metal spillage. It is to provide a crucible furnace.
問題点を解決するための手段 本発明は、耐火物の成型品で上下に連通する複数の孔か
ら成る排ガス通路を有する炉壁を形成し、 炉壁によつて構成される燃焼室内に、炉壁と同軸にるつ
ぼを配置し、 この燃焼室内においてるつぼの上端部付近にバーナを設
け、バーナの排ガスが燃焼室の下部から反転して前記排
ガス通路を経て排出されるようにしたことを特徴とする
るつぼ炉である。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention forms a furnace wall having an exhaust gas passage consisting of a plurality of holes communicating vertically with a molded product of a refractory material, and the furnace wall is formed in the combustion chamber. A crucible is arranged coaxially with the wall, a burner is provided in the vicinity of the upper end of the crucible in the combustion chamber, and the exhaust gas of the burner is inverted from the lower part of the combustion chamber and discharged through the exhaust gas passage. It is a crucible furnace.
作用 本発明のるつぼ炉は、耐火物の成型品で上下に連通する
複数の孔から成る排ガス通路を有する炉壁を形成し、こ
の燃焼室内に配置されるるつぼの上端部付近にバーナを
設けるようにした。したがつてバーナによる燃焼によつ
て発生する火炎および排ガスは、るつぼと炉壁との間を
旋回しつつ降下し、反転して炉壁に形成された複数の孔
から成る排ガス通路を上昇し外部に排出される。したが
つてるつぼが破損するなどして溶湯が流出した場合であ
つても、バーナが閉塞することを防ぐことができる。ま
たバーナによる燃焼を停止した後であつても、燃焼室内
の排ガスは炉壁とるつぼとの間の燃焼室、および炉壁の
排ガス通路を前述したように流過しており、燃焼室内が
むやみに急冷されることを防ぐことができる。Function The crucible furnace of the present invention is a molded product of a refractory material and forms a furnace wall having an exhaust gas passage consisting of a plurality of holes communicating vertically, and a burner is provided near the upper end of the crucible arranged in the combustion chamber. I chose Therefore, the flame and the exhaust gas generated by the combustion by the burner descend while swirling between the crucible and the furnace wall, and reverse and rise in the exhaust gas passage consisting of a plurality of holes formed in the furnace wall to the outside. Is discharged to. Therefore, even when the molten metal flows out due to damage to the crucible, it is possible to prevent the burner from being blocked. Even after the combustion by the burner is stopped, the exhaust gas in the combustion chamber flows through the combustion chamber between the furnace wall and the crucible and the exhaust gas passage in the furnace wall as described above, and the combustion chamber is unnecessarily You can prevent it from being rapidly cooled.
実施例 第１図は本発明の一実施例のるつぼ炉11の縦断面図であ
り、第２図は第１図の切断面線II−IIから見た断面図で
あり、第３図はブロツク体20の斜視図である。第１図〜
第３図を参照して、本実施例のるつぼ炉11の構成につい
て説明する。るつぼ炉11の炉体12は炉壁13と炉床14とを
含む。炉床14はたとえば繊維状セラミツクスなどから形
成される床部材15と、その上に配置された被覆層16とを
含む。このような床部材15は、耐火性に優れ断熱性が良
好であり、しかも比重が小さくて軽く、蓄熱量が小さい
特性を有する繊維状セラミツクスなどから形成され、し
たがつて省エネルギー効果を図ることができる。Example FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a crucible furnace 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along section line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a block. 3 is a perspective view of a body 20. FIG. Fig. 1 ~
The configuration of the crucible furnace 11 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The furnace body 12 of the crucible furnace 11 includes a furnace wall 13 and a furnace floor 14. The hearth 14 includes a floor member 15 formed of, for example, fibrous ceramics, and a coating layer 16 disposed thereon. Such a floor member 15 is excellent in fire resistance and good in heat insulation, and is formed from fibrous ceramics or the like having characteristics that the specific gravity is small and light, and the amount of stored heat is small, and therefore an energy saving effect can be achieved. it can.
また被覆層16を形成する材料は、耐火性に優れており、
急熱、急冷に対して優れた耐熱衝撃性を有し、熱伝導率
がきわめて低い材料から成る。このような材料としては
日本碍子社製「クリストン」（商品名）として知られて
おり、SiC78.0％、SiO23.0％、Fe2O30.4％ならびにSi3N
4およびSi2ON2との和が18.0％である組成を有する炭化
けい素質耐火材である。Further, the material forming the coating layer 16 has excellent fire resistance,
It is made of a material that has excellent thermal shock resistance against rapid heat and rapid cooling and has extremely low thermal conductivity. As such a material, known as "Cryston" (trade name) manufactured by Nippon Insulators Co., Ltd., SiC 78.0%, SiO 2 3.0%, Fe 2 O 3 0.4% and Si 3 N
A silicon carbide refractory material having a composition in which the sum of 4 and Si 2 ON 2 is 18.0%.
このような被覆層16は、銅合金などの溶湯に対して非濡
れ性であつて溶湯の流動性が良好である。しかもこの被
覆層16は衝撃力によつて破壊し易い性質を有しており、
そのため溶湯が被覆層16上で凝固したとき、この凝固し
た金属上から衝撃力を与えて金属とともに被覆層16を破
壊し容易に取出すことができる。The coating layer 16 as described above is non-wetting with respect to a molten metal such as a copper alloy and has good fluidity of the molten metal. Moreover, this coating layer 16 has the property of being easily broken by impact force,
Therefore, when the molten metal is solidified on the coating layer 16, an impact force is applied from the solidified metal to destroy the coating layer 16 together with the metal, and the molten metal can be easily taken out.
上述したような構成を有する炉体12内には燃焼室17が形
成されており、燃焼室17内の炉床14の中央部付近にるつ
ぼ18が配置される。また前記炉壁13の内周面は、直円筒
状の壁体19が形成される。壁体19は耐火物の成型品であ
る繊維状セラミツクスから成型されたブロツク体20を、
炉体12の軸線方向に積上げ、また周方向に配列して構成
される。このブロツク体20は、たとえば耐火温度1500
℃、比重1.0、熱伝導率0.28の特性を有し、基本的な成
分構成はAl2O384％およびSiO216％から成る。またブロ
ツク体20には、炉体12の軸線方向に上下に連通する複数
の排ガス通路21と、蓄熱量を希望する値に低減するため
の複数の切欠き20aとが設けられる。A combustion chamber 17 is formed in the furnace body 12 having the above-described structure, and a crucible 18 is arranged in the combustion chamber 17 near the center of the hearth 14. In addition, a right cylindrical wall 19 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the furnace wall 13. The wall body 19 is a block body 20 molded from a fibrous ceramic which is a molded product of refractory,
The furnace bodies 12 are stacked in the axial direction and arranged in the circumferential direction. This block body 20 has a refractory temperature of 1500
It has the characteristics of ℃, specific gravity of 1.0 and thermal conductivity of 0.28, and its basic composition is composed of Al 2 O 3 84% and SiO 2 16%. Further, the block body 20 is provided with a plurality of exhaust gas passages 21 that are vertically communicated with each other in the axial direction of the furnace body 12, and a plurality of notches 20a for reducing the heat storage amount to a desired value.
前述したように、炉体12の軸線方向に積上げられたブロ
ツク体20の排ガス通路21を相互に連通することにより、
前記壁体19は前記軸線方向に沿つて上下に連通した排ガ
ス通路21が形成される。また壁体19は、後述するような
構成によつて炉床14から上方に離間した位置に保持され
る。As described above, by connecting the exhaust gas passages 21 of the block bodies 20 stacked in the axial direction of the furnace body 12 to each other,
An exhaust gas passage 21 is formed in the wall body 19 so as to vertically communicate with each other along the axial direction. Further, the wall body 19 is held at a position separated upward from the hearth 14 by a structure described later.
壁体19を含む炉壁13の下端部には、炉床14の前記被覆層
16の上表面と滑らかに下方にやや傾斜して連なる取出口
22が形成される。この取出口22を形成するスリーブ23
は、セラミツクスなどの耐火性材料から形成される。ま
たこの取出口22内には、耐火性に優れており、かつ断熱
性が良好なたとえばガラス繊維などから成る閉塞部材24
が詰込まれている。また前記炉体12の外周は鉄皮25によ
つて被覆される。At the lower end of the furnace wall 13 including the wall body 19, the coating layer of the hearth 14
An outlet that smoothly connects to the upper surface of 16 and slopes downward slightly
22 is formed. Sleeve 23 forming this outlet 22
Is formed from a refractory material such as ceramics. In addition, a blocking member 24, which is made of, for example, glass fiber, which has excellent fire resistance and good heat insulation, is provided in the outlet 22.
Is packed. The outer periphery of the furnace body 12 is covered with a steel skin 25.
ブロツク体20には、前述したように上下に連通する排ガ
ス通路21が形成されており、ブロツク体20の下端部には
ブロツク体20を炉床14から離間した状態に保持するため
の支持脚26が設けられる。したがつてブロツク体20とる
つぼ18との間の燃焼室17と、排ガス通路21とは連通され
る。As described above, the block body 20 is formed with the exhaust gas passage 21 that communicates with the upper and lower sides, and the lower end portion of the block body 20 is provided with the support legs 26 for holding the block body 20 in a state of being separated from the hearth 14. Is provided. Therefore, the combustion chamber 17 between the block body 20 and the crucible 18 is communicated with the exhaust gas passage 21.
第４図はるつぼ炉11の一部分の分解斜視図であり、第５
図はるつぼ18の上端部付近の拡大断面図であり、第６図
はるつぼ炉11の平面図である。第４図〜第６図を併わせ
て参照して、本実施例のるつぼ炉11の構成について詳述
する。前記壁体19の上端部19aにおいて、排ガス通路21
より半径方向内方側の部分と、るつぼ18とに亘つて仕切
部材27が掛渡される。仕切部材27は、第６図に示すよう
にそれぞれ台形状の仕切片28,29,30が周方向に密着され
て形成された仕切部分31を含み、仕切部分31と同様の構
成を有する仕切部分31a,31b,31cが周方向にそれぞれ間
隔をあけて配置されて構成される。仕切部分31a〜31cの
仕切片に言及するときは、前記参照符28〜30にそれぞれ
添字ａ〜ｃを付して示す。FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a part of the crucible furnace 11, and FIG.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of the upper end of the crucible 18, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of the crucible furnace 11. The configuration of the crucible furnace 11 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. At the upper end 19a of the wall body 19, the exhaust gas passage 21
The partition member 27 is hung over the portion on the inner side in the radial direction and the crucible 18. As shown in FIG. 6, the partition member 27 includes partition portions 31 formed by trapezoidal partition pieces 28, 29, 30 which are closely adhered to each other in the circumferential direction, and has a configuration similar to that of the partition portion 31. 31a, 31b, 31c are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. When referring to the partition sections of the partition portions 31a to 31c, the reference numerals 28 to 30 are shown by adding subscripts a to c, respectively.
仕切部分31の仕切片28〜30はそれぞれ同様の構造を有
し、残余の仕切部分31a〜31cにおいても同様である。し
たがつて以下に、仕切片28の構造について説明する。仕
切片28は半径方向外方から内方になるに従い先細状の略
くさび状であり、耐火レンガなどから実現される支持部
材32と、支持部材32の上表面に配置され、前記炉床14の
被覆層16と同様の材料から形成される板体33と、支持部
材32と板体33との間に介在され、比重がたとえば0.12〜
0.15と比較的小さく、また熱伝導率が小さいセラミツク
ス材料などから形成される介在層34とを含む。The partition sections 28 to 30 of the partition section 31 have the same structure, and the same applies to the remaining partition sections 31a to 31c. Therefore, the structure of the partition 28 will be described below. The partition 28 is a substantially wedge-shaped taper as it goes from the outside to the inside in the radial direction, and the support member 32 realized from a refractory brick or the like, and the support member 32 is arranged on the upper surface of the hearth 14. A plate body 33 formed of the same material as the coating layer 16, is interposed between the support member 32 and the plate body 33, and has a specific gravity of 0.12 to, for example.
The intervening layer 34 is made of a ceramic material or the like having a relatively small value of 0.15 and a low thermal conductivity.
これらの支持部材32、板体33および介在層34の半径方向
内方側端部は、るつぼ18の内壁面よりわずかに半径方向
外方側にずれた位置になるように構成され、前記支持部
材32、板体33および介在層34の半径方向内方端部には、
たとえば耐火温度1500℃、比重1.0、熱伝導率0.28（於1
000℃）であつてAl2O384％、SiO216％の成分構成である
充填剤35を塗布し、るつぼ18の内壁面と面一となるよう
に形成される。The radially inner ends of the support member 32, the plate body 33 and the interposition layer 34 are arranged so as to be slightly displaced radially outward from the inner wall surface of the crucible 18. 32, the plate body 33 and the interposition layer 34 at the radially inner ends,
For example, fireproof temperature 1500 ℃, specific gravity 1.0, thermal conductivity 0.28 (1
(000 ° C.) and a filler 35 having a composition of Al 2 O 3 84% and SiO 2 16% is applied, and the filler 35 is formed so as to be flush with the inner wall surface of the crucible 18.
前述したように各仕切部分31,31a〜31cはそれぞれ相互
間に間隔をあけており、ここにはたとえば４つの位置決
め部材36a,36b,36c,36d（必要な場合には参照符36で総
称する）が配置される。位置決め部材36の上端面は、炉
壁13の上端面と同一高さを有するように構成され、その
半径方向内方端部37a,37b,37c,37d（必要な場合には参
照符37で総称する）は、それぞれるつぼ18の外周面の上
端部付近に当接する状態に配置され、このように配置さ
れた位置決め部材36a〜36dによつて、燃焼室17内にるつ
ぼ18を配置するにあたつて、るつぼ18の軸線が炉体12の
軸線と一致するように位置決めされる。As described above, the partition portions 31, 31a to 31c are spaced from each other, and here, for example, four positioning members 36a, 36b, 36c, 36d (collectively designated by reference numeral 36 when necessary) are provided. ) Is placed. The upper end surface of the positioning member 36 is configured to have the same height as the upper end surface of the furnace wall 13, and its radial inner ends 37a, 37b, 37c, 37d (collectively referred to by reference numeral 37 when necessary). Are arranged so as to abut on the vicinity of the upper end portion of the outer peripheral surface of the crucible 18, and the positioning members 36a to 36d thus arranged serve to arrange the crucible 18 in the combustion chamber 17. Thus, the axis of the crucible 18 is aligned with the axis of the furnace body 12.
この位置決め部材36a〜36dおよび炉壁13上に、炉蓋38が
乗載される。炉蓋38に関して、燃焼室17内に前述したよ
うに位置決めされて配置されたるつぼ18の直上方に、る
つぼ18の上端部の内径R1より小さな内径R2の開口39が形
成される。炉蓋38上には開口39に同心の予熱筒40が取外
し可能に乗載される。また予熱筒40には蓋41が乗載され
る。A furnace lid 38 is mounted on the positioning members 36a to 36d and the furnace wall 13. With respect to the furnace lid 38, an opening 39 having an inner diameter R2 smaller than the inner diameter R1 of the upper end portion of the crucible 18 is formed immediately above the crucible 18 positioned and arranged in the combustion chamber 17 as described above. A preheating cylinder 40 concentric with the opening 39 is removably mounted on the furnace lid 38. A lid 41 is mounted on the preheating cylinder 40.
前記壁体19は炉壁13より低く構成されており、また前記
仕切部材27は炉蓋38との間にガス通路42を形成する大き
さに選ばれる。したがつて前記燃焼室17と、壁体19の排
ガス通路21と、壁体19と炉壁13と炉蓋38と仕切部材27と
の間に形成される排ガス通路43と、前記排ガス通路43
と、炉蓋38の前記開口39とはそれぞれ相互に連通され
る。また燃焼室17の上端部付近であつてるつぼ18の上端
部より下方にバーナ44が設けられ、燃焼排ガスなどを燃
焼室17内に炉体12の軸線に関して接線方向に吹込む。The wall body 19 is configured to be lower than the furnace wall 13, and the partition member 27 is selected to have a size that forms a gas passage 42 with the furnace lid 38. Therefore, the combustion chamber 17, the exhaust gas passage 21 of the wall body 19, the exhaust gas passage 43 formed between the wall body 19, the furnace wall 13, the furnace lid 38 and the partition member 27, the exhaust gas passage 43
And the opening 39 of the furnace lid 38 are communicated with each other. Further, a burner 44 is provided near the upper end of the combustion chamber 17 and below the upper end of the crucible 18, so that combustion exhaust gas is blown into the combustion chamber 17 tangentially with respect to the axis of the furnace body 12.
第１図〜第６図を参照して、本実施例のるつぼ炉11の動
作について説明する。たとえば銅合金などの非鉄合金の
インゴツト45を溶解するにあたつては、第１図に示され
るように炉蓋38上に予熱筒40を乗載し、この状態でるつ
ぼ18内に開口39からインゴツト45を挿入する。バーナ44
から燃焼室17内に噴出される燃焼排ガスなどは、るつぼ
18と壁体19との間の燃焼室17内を旋回しつつ下降し、燃
焼室17の下端部付近で反転し、壁体19内の排ガス通路21
を上昇し、排ガス通路43,42および開口39を経て予熱筒4
0内を通り外部に排出される。The operation of the crucible furnace 11 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. For example, when melting an ingot 45 of a non-ferrous alloy such as a copper alloy, as shown in FIG. 1, a preheating cylinder 40 is mounted on the furnace lid 38, and in this state, the opening 39 is opened in the crucible 18. Insert ingot 45. Burner 44
Flue gas discharged from the combustion chamber 17 into the crucible
It swirls and descends in the combustion chamber 17 between the wall 18 and the wall 19, reverses near the lower end of the combustion chamber 17, and exhaust gas passage 21 in the wall 19
Of the preheating cylinder 4 through the exhaust gas passages 43, 42 and the opening 39.
It passes through 0 and is discharged to the outside.
このようにしてバーナ44による火炎および排ガスはるつ
ぼ18を加熱するとともに、予熱筒40においてインゴツト
45も加熱する。すなわちるつぼ18内におけるインゴツト
45の溶解に先立つて、予熱筒40内においてインゴツト45
が予熱されるので、少なくなくとも下記の効果を実現す
ることができる。In this way, the flame and exhaust gas from the burner 44 heat the crucible 18 and the ingot in the preheating cylinder 40.
Heat 45 too. That is, the ingot in the crucible 18
Prior to melting 45, the ingot 45 is placed in the preheating cylinder 40.
Is preheated, so that at least the following effects can be realized.
インゴツト45の溶解時間が短縮され、排ガスに含まれ
るたとえば水素ガスまたは酸素ガスなどがるつぼ18内の
溶湯に吸収され、品質低下をもたらすことを防ぐことが
できる。It is possible to prevent the melting time of the ingot 45 from being shortened and prevent the deterioration of quality due to absorption of, for example, hydrogen gas or oxygen gas contained in the exhaust gas into the molten metal in the crucible 18.
溶解時間が短縮されるので、溶解する材料の単位投入
量を増加でき、材料の投入回数を軽減して作業性の向上
を図ることができる。Since the melting time is shortened, it is possible to increase the unit amount of the material to be melted, reduce the number of times the material is charged, and improve workability.
予熱筒40によつて炉蓋38の開口39からの熱輻射を格段
に低減し、作業環境を向上することができる。With the preheating cylinder 40, heat radiation from the opening 39 of the furnace lid 38 can be significantly reduced, and the working environment can be improved.
インゴツト45の溶解作業が終了し、るつぼ18内の溶湯を
汲出す作業を開始するにあたつて、バーナ44の燃焼を停
止する。このとき燃焼室17の内周面を構成する前記壁体
19は、前述したように比重が1.0〜1.5の材料から構成さ
れており、したがつてその蓄熱によつて前記バーナ45の
燃焼停止後、るつぼ18への伝熱量がるつぼ18内の溶湯の
汲出しに要する時間（たとえば15〜20分）まで持続する
ようにできる。したがつて壁体19の蓄熱と炉蓋38とによ
つて、るつぼ18内の湯温のむやみな低下を防止してい
る。When the work of melting the ingot 45 is completed and the work of pumping out the molten metal in the crucible 18 is started, the combustion of the burner 44 is stopped. At this time, the wall body forming the inner peripheral surface of the combustion chamber 17
As described above, 19 is made of a material having a specific gravity of 1.0 to 1.5. Therefore, after the combustion of the burner 45 is stopped due to the heat storage, the amount of heat transferred to the crucible 18 is the pumping of the molten metal in the crucible 18. It can last up to the time it takes (eg 15-20 minutes). Therefore, the heat storage of the wall body 19 and the furnace lid 38 prevent the temperature of the hot water in the crucible 18 from unnecessarily decreasing.
また壁体19を形成する前記材料は、バーナ44の燃焼開始
時において、燃焼室17内の温度がインゴツト45の溶解に
必要な所定の温度まで上昇する速度がむやみに低下して
しまうような蓄熱量が過大にまで至らない範囲で選ばれ
ている。Further, the material forming the wall body 19 is such a heat storage that the speed at which the temperature in the combustion chamber 17 rises to a predetermined temperature necessary for melting the ingot 45 at the start of combustion of the burner 44 decreases unnecessarily. It is selected in a range that does not lead to excessive amounts.
炉床14の被覆層16は前述したように非鉄金属溶湯と湯離
れがよく、したがつてたとえばるつぼ18が損傷して溶湯
が流出した場合であつても、この溶湯が床部材15に接触
することが防がれる。したがつて従来技術の項目で説明
したように、溶湯が床部材15に付着浸透して、炉床14の
修復が困難となることが防がれている。また溶湯の流出
または湯こぼれの発生などにおいて、被覆層16上で溶湯
は凝固し、前述したように容易に破砕される被覆層16と
ともに、凝固した溶湯を破砕し、取出口22から取出し
て、被覆層16を新たに形成することによつて、炉床14の
修復を容易に行なうことができる。As described above, the coating layer 16 of the hearth 14 is well separated from the molten non-ferrous metal, so that even if the crucible 18 is damaged and the molten metal flows out, the molten metal contacts the floor member 15. Can be prevented. Therefore, as described in the section of the prior art, it is possible to prevent the molten metal from adhering to and permeating the floor member 15 and making it difficult to repair the hearth 14. Further, in the outflow of molten metal or the occurrence of molten metal spillage, the molten metal solidifies on the coating layer 16, and together with the coating layer 16 that is easily crushed as described above, the solidified molten metal is crushed and taken out from the outlet 22. By newly forming the coating layer 16, the hearth 14 can be easily repaired.
また仕切部材27の板体33は、炉床14の被覆層16と同一材
料から形成されており、したがつてるつぼ18内の溶湯を
汲出す作業において仕切部材27に湯こぼれを生じた場合
であつても、炉床14の前述したような修復作業と同様の
作業によつて、湯こぼれした溶湯の除去および仕切部材
27の修復を容易に行なうことができる。Further, the plate member 33 of the partition member 27 is formed of the same material as the coating layer 16 of the hearth 14, and therefore, when a spillage occurs on the partition member 27 in the operation of pumping the molten metal in the crucible 18. At the same time, the removal of the molten metal spilled and the partition member can be performed by the same operation as the above-mentioned restoration work of the hearth 14.
27 can be easily repaired.
また仕切部材27は半径方向外方から内方に向けて、次第
に下方に向かうテーパが形成されており、また板体33は
湯離れがよい特性を有している。したがつて湯こぼれし
た溶湯はテーパに沿つて流下し、るつぼ18内に戻され
る。Further, the partition member 27 is formed with a taper that gradually goes downward from the outer side to the inner side in the radial direction, and the plate body 33 has a characteristic that the molten metal can be easily separated. Therefore, the spilled molten metal flows down along the taper and is returned into the crucible 18.
また前述したように取出口22には溶湯の浸透が容易な閉
塞部材24が充填されており、したがつて燃焼室17内にお
いて湯こぼれが発生した場合、炉床14上の溶湯は閉塞部
材24に容易に浸透し、したがつてこの閉塞部材24をるつ
ぼ炉11の外部から目視することによつて、湯こぼれの発
生などを容易に検知することができる。Further, as described above, the outlet 22 is filled with the closing member 24 through which the molten metal can easily permeate. Therefore, when a molten metal spills in the combustion chamber 17, the molten metal on the hearth 14 is blocked by the closing member 24. It is possible to easily detect the occurrence of a spill or the like by infiltrating into the inside of the crucible furnace 11 and visually observing the closing member 24 from the outside of the crucible furnace 11.
またこの湯こぼれなどの発生の検知は、たとえば閉塞部
材24の半径方向外方端部付近に一対の電極を設け、この
電極をたとえば警報音を吹鳴する警報装置などに接続す
るようにしてもよい。すなわち湯こぼれなどが発生した
場合、閉塞部材24に浸透した溶湯が前記一対の電極を導
通させ、この導通状態を前記警報装置が検出して警報動
作を行なう。このようにして湯こぼれなどの発生を自動
的に検出するようにしてもよい。For detecting the occurrence of spillage of water, for example, a pair of electrodes may be provided near the radially outer end of the closing member 24, and the electrodes may be connected to, for example, an alarm device that emits an alarm sound. . That is, when a spilled water or the like occurs, the molten metal that has penetrated into the closing member 24 brings the pair of electrodes into conduction, and the alarm device detects this conduction state and performs an alarm operation. In this way, the occurrence of spillage of water may be automatically detected.
前述の実施例において示したブロツク体20は第３図示の
形状に限らず、第７図（１）図示のように、排ガス通路
21のみがたとえば３つ形成され、切欠き20a（第３図参
照）を有しない構成でもよく、また第７図（２）に示す
ように排ガス通路21が３つ以上のたとえば５つに設けら
れた構成でもよい。The block body 20 shown in the above-mentioned embodiment is not limited to the shape shown in FIG.
For example, only three 21 may be formed and the notch 20a (see FIG. 3) may not be provided. Further, as shown in FIG. 7 (2), the exhaust gas passages 21 are provided in three or more, for example, five. The configuration may be different.
また第７図（３）に示すように、排ガス通路21がブロツ
ク体20の外形に沿つた角柱状の内周面を有するように構
成してもよく、また第７図（４）に示すように、このよ
うな角柱状の排ガス通路21を複数設けるようにしてもよ
い。これらの第７図（１）〜第７図（４）に示されるブ
ロツク体20には、第３図に示したブロツク体20と同様
に、炉床14（第１図参照）から離間した状態に保持され
るための支持脚26が設けられている。Further, as shown in FIG. 7 (3), the exhaust gas passage 21 may have a prismatic inner peripheral surface along the outer shape of the block body 20, or as shown in FIG. 7 (4). Alternatively, a plurality of such prismatic exhaust gas passages 21 may be provided. Like the block body 20 shown in FIG. 3, the block body 20 shown in FIGS. 7 (1) to 7 (4) is separated from the hearth 14 (see FIG. 1). A support leg 26 is provided for being held on.
本発明の他の実施例のブロツク体20の構成例として第８
図（１）に示すように、ブロツク体20の下端部を炉床14
に直接乗載するようにして、ブロツク体20内に形成され
る排ガス通路21を、ブロツク体20の上端部とブロツク体
20の半径方向内方面とを連通する屈曲した形状に形成し
てもよい。また第８図（２）に示すように、このように
屈曲されて形成された排ガス通路21を、第７図（３）に
示すように単１個であつて、ブロツク体20の外形に対応
する形状の内周面を有する形状に構成してもよい。An eighth example of the configuration of the block body 20 of another embodiment of the present invention
As shown in FIG. (1), the lower end of the block body 20 is attached to the hearth 14
The exhaust gas passage 21 formed in the block body 20 is mounted on the upper end portion of the block body 20 and the block body 20.
It may be formed in a bent shape that communicates with the radially inner surface of 20. Further, as shown in FIG. 8 (2), the exhaust gas passage 21 formed by being bent in this way is provided in a single piece as shown in FIG. 7 (3), and corresponds to the outer shape of the block body 20. You may comprise in the shape which has an inner peripheral surface of the shape.
効果 以上のように本発明に従えば、耐火物の成型品で上下に
連通する複数の孔から成る排ガス通路を有する炉壁を形
成し、炉壁によつて構成される燃焼室内に炉壁と同軸に
設けられるるつぼの上端部付近にバーナを設けるように
した。したがつてるつぼを加熱する場合、バーナからの
火炎および排ガスはるつぼと炉壁との間の燃焼室内を旋
回しつつ下降し、燃焼室の下端部付近で反転して炉壁に
設けられた複数の孔から成る排ガス通路を上昇する。し
たがつてバーナの燃焼を停止した後であつても、炉壁の
有する蓄熱量は大きく、るつぼ内の溶湯を汲出す作業期
間中、るつぼに熱量を供給し、汲出される溶湯がむやみ
に急冷されることを防ぐことができる。また燃焼室内に
おいて湯こぼれなどが発生した場合であつてもバーナを
閉塞することがなく、バーナの損傷を防ぐようにでき
る。Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present invention as described above, a furnace wall having an exhaust gas passage formed of a plurality of vertically communicating holes is formed by a refractory molded product, and the furnace wall is formed in the combustion chamber formed by the furnace wall. A burner was provided near the upper end of the crucible provided coaxially. Therefore, when heating the crucible, the flame and exhaust gas from the burner swirl and descend in the combustion chamber between the crucible and the furnace wall, and the flame and exhaust gas are inverted around the lower end of the combustion chamber. Ascend the exhaust gas passage consisting of holes. Therefore, even after the combustion of the burner is stopped, the amount of heat stored in the furnace wall is large, and the amount of heat is supplied to the crucible during the work period for pumping the molten metal in the crucible, and the molten metal pumped out is cooled rapidly. Can be prevented. Further, even if a hot water spill or the like occurs in the combustion chamber, the burner is not closed and damage to the burner can be prevented.
第１図は本発明の一実施例のるつぼ炉11の断面図、第２
図は第１図の切断面線II−IIから見た断面図、第３図は
ブロツク体20の斜視図、第４図はるつぼ炉11の一部分の
分解斜視図、第５図はるつぼ18の上端部付近の拡大断面
図、第６図はるつぼ炉11の簡略化した平面図、第７図お
よび第８図は本発明の他の実施例のブロツク体20の斜視
図、第９図は従来技術のるつぼ炉１の断面図である。 11…るつぼ炉、12…炉体、13…炉壁、14…炉床、16…被
覆層、17…燃焼室、18…るつぼ、19…壁体、20…ブロツ
ク体、21,42,43…排ガス通路、27…仕切部材、35…充填
剤、36…位置決め部材、40…予熱筒、44…バーナ、45…
インゴツトFIG. 1 is a sectional view of a crucible furnace 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
1 is a sectional view taken along the section line II-II in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a block body 20, FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a part of the crucible furnace 11, and FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of the upper end, FIG. 6 is a simplified plan view of the crucible furnace 11, FIGS. 7 and 8 are perspective views of a block body 20 of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a technical crucible furnace 1. 11 ... crucible furnace, 12 ... furnace body, 13 ... furnace wall, 14 ... hearth, 16 ... coating layer, 17 ... combustion chamber, 18 ... crucible, 19 ... wall body, 20 ... block body, 21, 42, 43 ... Exhaust gas passage, 27 ... Partition member, 35 ... Filler, 36 ... Positioning member, 40 ... Preheating cylinder, 44 ... Burner, 45 ...
Ingot
Claims (1)
から成る排ガス通路を有する炉壁を形成し、 炉壁によつて構成される燃焼室内に、炉壁と同軸にるつ
ぼを配置し、 この燃焼室内においてるつぼの上端部付近にバーナを設
け、バーナの排ガスが燃焼室の下部から反転して前記排
ガス通路を経て排出されるようにしたことを特徴とする
るつぼ炉。1. A refractory molded product is used to form a furnace wall having an exhaust gas passage consisting of a plurality of holes communicating vertically, and a crucible is arranged coaxially with the furnace wall in a combustion chamber formed by the furnace wall. A crucible furnace is characterized in that a burner is provided near the upper end of the crucible in the combustion chamber so that the exhaust gas of the burner is inverted from the lower portion of the combustion chamber and discharged through the exhaust gas passage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61074852A JPH0694988B2 (en) | 1986-03-31 | 1986-03-31 | Crucible furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61074852A JPH0694988B2 (en) | 1986-03-31 | 1986-03-31 | Crucible furnace |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62233675A JPS62233675A (en) | 1987-10-14 |
| JPH0694988B2 true JPH0694988B2 (en) | 1994-11-24 |
Family
ID=13559262
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61074852A Expired - Lifetime JPH0694988B2 (en) | 1986-03-31 | 1986-03-31 | Crucible furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0694988B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5342784B2 (en) * | 2008-01-15 | 2013-11-13 | 株式会社正英製作所 | Heat treatment furnace |
| JP5581422B2 (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2014-08-27 | 株式会社正英製作所 | Heat treatment furnace |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0686984B2 (en) * | 1985-07-18 | 1994-11-02 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | Crucible furnace |
-
1986
- 1986-03-31 JP JP61074852A patent/JPH0694988B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62233675A (en) | 1987-10-14 |
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