JPH07100942B2 - Basement and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

Description: [Industrial field of application] The present invention mainly relates to a basement of a relatively small-scale building such as a single-family house or a low-rise house, and a construction method thereof.

[Conventional technology]

Recently, due to lack of land and diversification of life, there is a strong demand for a basement to be built in a private house, and there are many private houses with a basement.

By the way, conventionally, most of this type of basement is constructed by a reinforced concrete structure like a general large-scale basement.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, the reinforced concrete structure requires a great deal of time and labor due to construction methods such as formwork construction, and it is unavoidable that the cost is high and the construction period is long. Can be said to be an extremely uneconomical construction method.

For this reason, recently, as an alternative method to the reinforced concrete structure, a basement room having a steel frame structure or a concrete block structure has been constructed.

However, as with concrete structures, there are many things that are inadequate in terms of economic efficiency, waterproofness, construction period, etc., and there are still no perfect ones, and there is a basement construction method suitable for construction of basements for small houses. Development was strongly desired.

The present invention has been made in response to such a demand,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a basement and a construction method for the basement, which enables significant improvement in workability, economy and construction period.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In the basement according to claim 1 of the present invention, a vertical hole is drilled to a predetermined depth, a foundation slab made of reinforced concrete is constructed at the bottom of the vertical hole, and a drainage groove is provided around the foundation slab. A plurality of connecting reinforcing bars are projected around the inner periphery of the vertical hole around the slab, and a plurality of outer wall building panels are connected to the connecting reinforcing bar along the inner periphery of the vertical hole around the basic slab. While standing upright, the outer wall is constructed by spraying concrete or mortar onto the outer wall construction panel, and a plurality of slab construction panels are connected between the upper end portions of the outer wall with the upper end portions of the outer wall. While erection while building the ground floor slab by placing concrete or mortar on this slab construction panel, the outer wall construction panel, A plurality of wire mesh plate opposite to the row,
A three-dimensional wire net consisting of a plurality of lattice materials connecting the opposing wire net plates, and a backup panel attached to the outdoor side of the three-dimensional wire net, the slab construction panel is the three-dimensional wire net, It is characterized by comprising a heat insulating material attached to a central portion of the three-dimensional wire netting and a PC plate attached to a lower side portion of the three-dimensional wire netting.

The method for constructing a basement according to claim 2 of the present invention is to dig a vertical hole to a predetermined depth, construct a base slab made of reinforced concrete at the bottom of the vertical hole, and surround the base slab with the inner circumference of the vertical hole. A plurality of connecting reinforcing bars are projected along with, and while a plurality of outer wall building panels are erected while being connected to the connecting reinforcing bars along the inner circumference of the vertical hole around the foundation slab, this outer wall building The outer wall is constructed by spraying concrete or mortar onto the panel for construction, and a plurality of slab construction panels are bridged between the upper end portions of the outer wall while connecting the end portions to the upper end portions of the outer wall, and this slab construction is performed. The ground floor slab is constructed by placing concrete or mortar on the panel for construction, and the outer wall construction panel is composed of a plurality of wire mesh plates facing each other in parallel. It comprises a three-dimensional wire mesh consisting of a plurality of lattice material connecting the facing wire mesh plate, and a backup panel attached to the outdoor side of this three-dimensional wire mesh, the slab construction panel is the three-dimensional wire mesh, this It is characterized by comprising a heat insulating material attached to a central portion of the three-dimensional wire mesh and a PC plate attached to a lower side portion of the three-dimensional wire mesh.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, a basement and a construction method therefor according to claims 1 and 2 according to the present invention will be described based on one embodiment illustrated.

In the basement and its construction method according to the present invention, outer wall construction panels as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 are used.

The outer wall construction panel 1 includes a three-dimensional wire mesh 2 and a backup panel 3.

In the three-dimensional wire netting 2, two wire netting plates 4 and 4 having a lattice or rhombic mesh shape are installed parallel to each other with a predetermined space therebetween, and the two wire netting plates 4 and 4 are made up of a plurality of iron wires or the like. Lattice material
It is configured as a rectangular plate having a predetermined thickness by being integrally connected by 5, ...

The backup panel 3 is formed in a rectangular plate shape having substantially the same size as the three-dimensional wire netting 2.

In addition to the metal plate and the wire mesh plate, boards having a certain degree of rigidity are used for the backup panel 3.

The backup panel 3 is installed on the outside of the three-dimensional wire mesh 2 substantially in parallel with the three-dimensional wire mesh 2 and is fixed to the three-dimensional wire mesh 2 by a plurality of connecting fittings 6, ....

A long bolt is used for the connecting fitting 6, and the connecting fitting 6 is welded to the three-dimensional wire netting 2 so as to project from one side of the three-dimensional wire netting 2 at a substantially right angle. 3 is pierced and is fixed by screwing fixing nuts 7, 7 onto the male screw portion of the penetrating portion and sandwiching them from the front side and the back side.

The pitch and diameter of the meshes of the wire mesh plates 4, 4 of the three-dimensional wire mesh 2 and the material and thickness of the backup panel 3 are appropriately determined according to the scale of the basement to be constructed.

Further, in the basement and its construction method according to the present invention, a slab construction panel as shown in FIG. 1 is used.

The slab construction panel 14 includes a heat insulating material 15 such as urethane, which is attached over the entire center of the three-dimensional wire mesh 2 and a PC plate 16 having a predetermined thickness attached to the lower side of the three-dimensional wire mesh 2.
And is at least as strong as the dam plate of the concrete formwork. At the time of construction, first, a vertical hole A having a predetermined depth is drilled in the ground surface, and a foundation slab 8 made of reinforced concrete is constructed at the bottom of the vertical hole.

The foundation slab 8 should be constructed with sufficient strength and weight to withstand the weight of the above-ground structure constructed on the foundation slab 8 and sufficiently resist the buoyancy of groundwater. To do.

Further, a plurality of connecting reinforcing bars (hereinafter, referred to as “rebars”) 9, ... Are arranged around the base slab 8 along the circumference of the vertical hole A at predetermined intervals.

Next, the outer wall building panel 1 is built around the foundation slab 8 with the backup panel 3 being the outdoor side.

It should be noted that when the outer wall construction panel 1 is erected, the reinforcement bars 9, 4 can be set up inside the wire nets 4, 4 of the outer wall construction panel, and the wire mesh plates 4, 4 can be attached to the reinforcement bars 9, .... The lower end of the outer wall building panel 1 is connected to the bar 9 by welding.

Next, inside the wire mesh plates 4 and 4 of the three-dimensional wire mesh 2, reinforcing reinforcing bars 10,
... is arranged vertically and horizontally.

The diameter, reinforcement amount and reinforcement pitch of the reinforcing bars 10, ... shall be appropriately determined according to the size of the basement.

Next, concrete or mortar 11 is sprayed on the outer wall construction panel 1 to form concrete or mortar.
Completely embed the three-dimensional wire mesh 2 in 11.

Then, the surface of the concrete or mortar 11 is made smooth and is sufficiently cured. Therefore, the outer wall of the basement is constructed.

Next, when the concrete or mortar 11 exhibits sufficient strength, a waterproof, moisture-proof and mildew-proof material is applied over the entire surface of the outer wall of the basement. Further, a drainage groove 12 for treating spring water is provided along the outer wall around the foundation slab 8.

Next, the interior material 13 is attached to the inside of the outer wall of the basement to finish the inner wall. The interior material 13 is appropriately selected according to the purpose of use of the basement.

Next, a ceiling, that is, a ground floor slab, is built on the upper end of the vertical hole A.

First, the slab construction panel 14 is installed on the vertical hole A. In this case, the end portion of the slab construction panel 14 is placed on the upper end portion of the outer wall and is integrally fixed to the upper end portion of the outer wall.

Next, concrete or mortar 11 is placed on the slab construction panel 14, and the three-dimensional wire netting 2 and the heat insulating material 15 are completely embedded in the concrete or mortar 11.
Be fully cured.

When the concrete or mortar 11 develops sufficient strength, a structure on the ground is constructed on it.

〔The invention's effect〕

The basement and the method for constructing the basement according to the first and second aspects of the present invention have the following effects because they have the configurations described above.

The outer wall of the basement is constructed by placing a plurality of outer wall construction panels inside a vertical hole drilled to a specified depth and spraying concrete onto the outer wall construction panels, and also the ground floor slab of the basement. Is a plurality of slab construction panel at the upper end of the vertical hole, installed while connecting the end to the upper end of the outer wall, by placing concrete or mortar on the slab construction panel. The outer wall construction panel is constructed, and a three-dimensional wire mesh consisting of a plurality of wire mesh plates facing each other in parallel, and a plurality of lattice members connecting the wire mesh plates facing each other, and attached to the outside of the three-dimensional wire mesh. And a pack-up panel, and the slab construction panel includes the three-dimensional wire mesh, a heat insulating material attached to a central portion of the three-dimensional wire mesh, and a bottom of the three-dimensional wire mesh. Since it is configured with a PC board attached to the part, there is no conventional formwork work that requires a lot of manpower and a lot of formwork material, and a significant labor saving of reinforcing bar work and concrete work. This has the effects of significantly reducing the labor required for construction, greatly shortening the construction period, and significantly reducing the cost.

Further, the outer wall construction panel to be built around the vertical hole is built while being connected to the connecting reinforcing bar (reinforcing bar) projectingly provided around the base slab in advance, and the slab to be arranged at the upper end of the vertical hole. The construction panel is installed with its end connected to the upper end of the outer wall that was constructed earlier, so the panel will not slip during or immediately after construction and will be destroyed during an earthquake. Because there is no such thing as
It has the effect of building a basement with high quality and strength.

Further, since the drainage groove for treating the spring water is provided around the foundation slab, there is an effect that the moisture due to the spring water, the stain on the wall surface and the like can be prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 9 show an embodiment of a basement and a construction method therefor according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the basement showing a construction state of the basement, and FIG. 2 is FIG. A- in
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line a, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line bb in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a front view of the outer wall construction panel, FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, FIG. 6 is a transverse sectional view thereof, FIG. 7 is a front view of a three-dimensional wire mesh, and FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof. FIG. 9 is a cross sectional view thereof. 1 ... Exterior wall construction panel, 2 ... Three-dimensional wire mesh, 3 ... Backup panel, 4 ... Wire mesh plate, 5 ... Lattice material, 6 ...
… Couplings, 7 …… Fixing nuts, 8 …… Foundation slabs, 9
...... Connecting rebar (reinforcing bar), 10 …… Reinforcing rebar, 11 …… Concrete or mortar, 12 …… Drainage channel, 13 …… Interior material, 14 …… Slab construction panel, 15 …… Insulation material, 16… …
PC board.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A vertical hole is drilled to a predetermined depth, a base slab made of reinforced concrete is constructed at the bottom of the vertical hole, and a drainage groove is provided around the base slab, and the inner circumference of the vertical hole is provided around the base slab. A plurality of connecting reinforcing bars are projected along with, and while a plurality of outer wall building panels are erected while being connected to the connecting reinforcing bars along the inner circumference of the vertical hole around the foundation slab, this outer wall building The outer wall is constructed by spraying concrete or mortar onto the panel for construction, and a plurality of panels for slab construction are installed between the upper end portions of the outer wall while connecting the end portions to the upper end portions of the outer wall, and this slab construction is performed. The ground floor slab is constructed by placing concrete or mortar on the panel for construction, and the outer wall construction panel is composed of a plurality of wire mesh plates facing each other in parallel. , A three-dimensional wire mesh consisting of a plurality of lattice members connecting the opposing wire mesh plates, and a backup panel attached to the outdoor side of the three-dimensional wire mesh, the slab construction panel and the three-dimensional wire mesh A basement characterized by comprising a heat insulating material attached to a central portion of the three-dimensional wire netting and a PC plate attached to a lower portion of the three-dimensional wire netting. 2. A vertical hole is drilled to a predetermined depth, a basic slab made of reinforced concrete is constructed at the bottom of the vertical hole, and a plurality of connecting reinforcing bars are provided around the basic slab along the inner circumference of the vertical hole. , Around the foundation slab along with the inner periphery of the vertical hole while standing up a plurality of outer wall construction panel while connecting to the connecting rebar, the outer wall by spraying concrete or mortar to the outer wall construction panel Construct and bridge a plurality of slab building panels between the upper ends of the outer walls while connecting the ends to the upper ends of the outer walls, and place concrete or mortar on the slab building panels. By constructing a ground floor slab, the outer wall construction panel is a plurality of parallel wire mesh plates and a plurality of lattices that connect the wire mesh plates facing each other. And a backup panel attached to the outdoor side of the three-dimensional wire mesh, wherein the slab construction panel is the three-dimensional wire mesh and a heat insulating material attached to the center of the three-dimensional wire mesh. ,
A construction method for a basement, comprising a PC plate attached to a lower side of the three-dimensional wire netting.