JPH07103790B2 - Concrete lining equipment in tunnels - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a device for reliably performing concrete lining on an excavated wall surface without causing dust generation and concrete loss in tunnel construction.

[Conventional technology]

In the conventional tunnel construction using NATM, the concrete is temporarily covered by excavating it into the required cross-sectional shape and supporting the rock mass. The primary lining of this concrete is performed by spraying the concrete on the excavated rock surface. This is to dry mix or wet mix the sprayed material, pressurize the inside of the hose with compressed air, etc., add pressurized water or a quick-setting agent near the nozzle, and spray it toward the natural ground for lining.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

In the concrete blasting method for temporary lining of tunnels, when concrete is sprayed on the ground with high pressure,
Dust adhering to the ground is blown up by this concrete spraying pressure, or the sprayed material bounces off the ground to generate dust, which deteriorates the working environment and causes pollution problems such as pneumoconiosis. In addition, material loss occurs due to splashing of the sprayed material. In order to solve such a defect, a method of directly crimping and covering concrete with a formwork on the ground has been proposed.

However, the crimping lining method is still in the experimental stage, and there are drawbacks such as the device being upsized and the precision being unable to be maintained when the formwork slides along the ground.

The present invention uses this concrete lining as a short bench method,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a device that can be used in any of the mini bench construction methods and that can reliably cope with so-called nuclear residue where there is an unexcavated portion in the central portion of the tunnel face due to the nature of the ground.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The present invention has been made in order to achieve the above-mentioned object. In the concrete lining for tunnel construction, the tip of a boom that can be lifted and retracted is attached to the front of the self-propelled bogie, and the inner circumference of the circular arc shape of the tunnel cross section is provided. Install a foldable rail frame that has an arc shape smaller than the surface and is expanded in a direction perpendicular to the boom axis when viewed on a plane, and set a guide frame for frame movement along this The partial formwork, which is movable in the radial direction of the tunnel cross section on the frame, has a structure that allows it to move freely by the rack and pinion method. The gist is that the upper half is divided into several times for concrete pouring.

[Example] A concrete lining device for a tunnel according to the present invention will be described below based on an illustrated example.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a traveling carriage that is equipped with an endless track 1K, 1K at the bottom and is driven by an internal combustion engine.
Is capable of turning with respect to the endless track 1K, and this trolley body 1A is equipped with a beam 1B that can be lifted up and down, which is the same as that used in ordinary endless track freight, shovel car, etc. It is a composition. A wheel type can be used instead of the endless track for the trolley body 1A.

It should be noted that the boom 1B is not only lifted but can be expanded and contracted as needed, and the boom 1B may be a single type, a double type, or a parallelogram type link type. At the tip of the boom 1B, a rail frame 2 having an arc-shaped surface with a preset small diameter is supported on the arc-shaped inner peripheral surface on the side surface of the excavated tunnel.

The rail frame 2 has a plurality of pieces connected to each other by pin joints so that the rail frame 2 can be folded sideways, and is connected to the boom 1B at the center thereof. This is rail frame 2
The central part is slidably fitted to and supported by a plurality of horizontally parallel guide rods 3, 3, ...
A rocking frame 4 in which 3, 3 are individually planted and a bracket 5 for bitching are pivotally attached by a pin 6, and the rail frame 2 is driven (yawed) in the left and right directions around the pin 6. The bracket 5 and the boom 1B are pivotally attached to each other by a pin 7 so that both the bracket 5 and the rail frame are vertically centered around the pin 7, that is, they are elevated (pitched). A boom-elevating cylinder 8 is provided between the boom 1B and the bracket 5, and a yawing cylinder 9 is provided between the bracket 5 and the swing frame 4, whereby the rail frame 2 is elevated and yawed ( The rail frame 2 can be installed at right angles and vertically along the cross sectional shape of the drill hole. Further, a screw rod 10 which is parallel to the guide rod 3 is provided between the swing frame 4 and the rail frame 2, and is screwed with a screw driven body 11 provided on the rail frame and driven by rotation. The rail frame 2 is adjusted to move horizontally along the guide rods 3 and in the contacting / separating direction with respect to the swing frame 4 by the screw pitch of the screw rods which are selectively rotated in the forward / reverse direction at 12. The drive device 12 is composed of a geared motor 12a and a transmission 12b, and the screwed body 11, which is a screw jack, is rotated by this, but the screw rod can be rotated in reverse to the screwed body.

The central member 2A of the rail frame 2 is provided with the above-mentioned mechanism, and side members 2B and 2C of the rail frame are foldably connected to both sides of the central member 2A via pins 13 and 14, which are connected to the central member 2A and the side. Brackets project from each other on members 2B and 2C,
Supports the pins 13 and 14 penetrating between the brackets,
The side members 2B and 2C are bent at an angle of about 90 ° from a state where they are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the central member 2A to a state where they are along the boom 1B, as shown in FIG. This side member 2
The bending movements of B and 2C are performed by bending cylinders 15 and 16 which are installed between the central member 2A and the side members 2B and 2C, respectively.
Further, the side members 2B, 2C are also provided with tip members 2D, 2E on the lower end side thereof similarly to be bendable by pin joints and cylinders 21, 22, and the central members 2A, side members 2B, 2C, and tip members The members 2D and 2E are respectively pin-joined at their adjacent points to form a series of bendable rail-shaped rail frames 2 having a required arc shape. The number of members constituting the rail frame 2 is increased / decreased depending on the tunnel cross-sectional diameter or the like, and its strength and configuration are determined so that the load during concrete lining can be sufficiently supported.

Further, on the upper surfaces of the side members 2B and 2C and the tip members 2D and 2E, guide rail pieces 20A and 20A are provided along the rail frame 2, respectively.
20B, 20C, 20D, 20E are arranged in an arc shape,
In addition, each guide rail piece is integrated with each member of the rail frame, and the guide rail pieces 20D and 20E at both ends are connected with the tip guide rail pieces 20F and 20G via pins 17 and 18, respectively, which results in a tunnel cross-section diameter. The guide rail 20 has a semicircular shape that fits along the guide rail piece 20F, 2
Equipped with screw jacks 19A and 19B on 0G, guide rail 2
The lower end of 0 is supported on the GL. Cylinder 2 is also used between the guide rail pieces 20D and 20F, and between the line 20E and 20G.
Equipped with 3,24, it can be bent freely.

In this way, the guide rail is integrally provided on the rail frame, and the rail frame is bendable by the cylinder provided in the member pivot portion, so that concrete lining at a predetermined position in the tunnel as shown in FIG. Then, the shape is made like a bird with its wings widened, and it is made like a bird with its wings folded as shown in Fig. 4 so that it can be made as small as possible so as not to interfere with the work during blasting work or construction that has been slid out. It can have any shape.

The guide rail 20 has a movable formwork device 30 that moves along the guide rail in the shape of an arc.
A table is provided. The movement of the formwork device 30 is performed by a binion 31 provided on the device 30 and a rack 25 provided on the guide rail side, but a drive system other than the rack and pinion system is also adopted.

The movable formwork device 30 is provided with a moving motor and a pinion 31 on a moving frame 34, and a power transmission mechanism 33 is provided from the motor 32.
The pinion 31 meshed with the rack 25 is driven in a forward / reverse selective manner via the pinion 31, and the ratchet gears 35 and 36 are moved on both sides of the pinion 31 in the same direction as the gear meshed with the rack. The ratchet gears 35, 36 supported on the frame are provided with ratchet pawls 37b, 38b swingable by a switching device such as solenoids 37a, 38a, respectively, and the teeth of the two ratchet gears are in opposite directions. Thus, when the pinion 31 is stopped, the ratchet pawl is engaged with the ratchet gear to prevent the moving frame from accidentally escaping due to its load or the like. Further, one or two or more, for example, four as shown in the figure
An arc-shaped form 40 is supported via a book expansion / contraction jack device 39. This telescopic jack device 39 is shown in Figs.
As shown in detail in the figure, the lower end of the cylinder 41 is locked to the moving frame 34, and a supporting cylinder 42 is provided so as to cover the outer periphery of the cylinder 41, and the inside of the supporting cylinder 42 is of a telescopic type. In addition, the inner support cylinder 43 that is projected and retracted so as to support the load in the lateral (horizontal) direction is fitted and inserted, the rod of the cylinder 41 is locked to the inner support cylinder 43, and the mold 40 is locked to the tip thereof. It is a thing. As a result, the form 40 can be moved toward and away from the tunnel surface by the expansion and contraction of the expansion and contraction jack 39.
During concrete lining, a load is applied in the cylinder at a right angle to the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel, and a horizontal load is applied to the inner and outer telescopic support cylinders, for example, as shown in the figure, a support roller 47 provided below the inner support 43. Each of them is supported by the support cylinders 42 through, and at the time of concrete lining, the formwork is projected so as to be at a predetermined distance from the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel, and at the time of demolding, the cylinder is contracted. Other form support methods besides this telescopic jack are also adopted.

The moving frame 34 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the guide rail 20 so that the guide rail 20 is saddle-loaded as shown in FIGS. 14 to 16, and a wheel 44 that supports the load during concrete lining,
In order to prevent the guide rail from coming off, a slip-off preventing row 45 that contacts the lower surface of the guide rail upper piece, and a plurality of steady rest rollers 46 that come into contact with the web portion of the guide rail to prevent shake are provided. A guide rail is held by these wheel rollers, and the movable frame can be moved by driving the pinion along the arc-shaped guide rail without coming off.

An operation of lining concrete in a tunnel excavated by using the apparatus configured as described above will be described.

In the short bench construction method, the truck 1 is moved to a predetermined position on the excavated tunnel floor surface, preferably the center of the tunnel, and stopped at a fixed position. As shown in FIG. 4, the rail frame 2 is folded so as to be low in height so that the guide rail and the like do not come into contact with the excavation inner peripheral wall surface of the tunnel when the truck 1 is running. Then, when the fixed position is stopped, each cylinder is driven to extend the rail frame 2 to expand it into an arc shape so as to follow the required tunnel cross-section, and to support the jacks 19A and 19B by grounding them. Operate both the yawing and elevation cylinders so that they are accurately placed along the tunnel cross section.
Moreover, the rail frame is moved and adjusted along the guide rod 3 to a predetermined horizontal position. After setting the rail frame at the predetermined position in this manner, the jacks 19A and 19B described above are grounded and supported.

Next, the movable frame 34 is lowered to the floor position along the guide rails, and the expansion / contraction jack 39 is operated to adjust and fix the formwork 40 to the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel to a thickness for concrete lining. . Then, concrete is placed between the formwork 40 and the inner wall surface of the tunnel.

After hardening of this concrete, after shrinking the expansion jack and removing from the mold, the form length in the circumferential direction is set to one pitch, and the moving frame is moved by driving the pinion along this guide rail only for this one pitch, After stopping at a fixed position,
The ratchet claw meshes with the ratchet gear to prevent the moving frame from running away and to stop it securely.

Next, the telescopic jack is operated, the formwork 40 is again projected to a fixed position, and concrete lining is performed. By repeating this operation, concrete is sequentially placed from the floor of the inner surface of the tunnel to the inner top surface. After completing the concrete lining only for the width of the formwork 40 in this way, the telescopic jack is then reduced to remove the formwork, and this formwork device is guided along the guide rails to a position that does not interfere with the folding of the railframe. After moving it, the guide rails 20F and 20G on both lower sides are folded inward by operating the cylinders 23 and 24, and the rail frame is laterally folded as shown in FIGS. Reduce the volume of and save. Until now, it was during the concrete lining above the line with the maximum width in the tunnel cross-section diameter, but when lining the lower part of this maximum width, that is, the lower half of the line, the guide rails were run almost parallel to the inside surface of the tunnel. In order to make it possible, it is necessary to perform it on each side because of its structure. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the bogie is moved to the left or right of the inside surface of the tunnel from the center, and the rail frame and guide rail on the opposite side are moved to the 7th position.
Fold it down as shown in the figure, and on the other side, place the lower end guide rail and the guide rail above this along the inside surface of the tunnel, so that the formwork also follows the inside surface of the tunnel and the concrete lining of the lower half part. Then, the truck is moved to the inner side of the tunnel on the other side in the same way and concrete lining is performed.

In this way, when lining concrete below the floor with the maximum width of the tunnel, one side is operated at a time.

By folding the rail frame on one side in this way, a space without a mechanical device can be formed on one side in the tunnel, which allows excavation work and slide-out work at a position in front of the device to be performed at the same time. The above is the short bench construction method, but even in the so-called mini bench construction method in which the lower half part is small, the upper half concrete lining is performed as shown in Figs. 8 and 10, and then the lower half concrete as shown in Fig. 9. The lining can be done.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, a rail frame that is yawable, pitchable, horizontally movable, and foldable, and a guide rail provided on the rail frame are provided at the tip of the boom that raises or lowers the tracked or wheeled traveling carriage. Since the movement of the device in a narrow tunnel can be made less bulky, the movement can be performed easily, and the movement and the tunnel can be performed along a guide rail that has an arc-shaped expansion blade along the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel cross section. There is an advantage that it can be used for any of the short bench construction method, the mini bench construction method, and the nucleus leaving method by moving the movable form frame device that can be adjusted in the contact and separation direction with respect to the inner peripheral surface and the displacement of the guide rail.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawing shows an embodiment of the concrete lining device in the tunnel of the present invention. 1 to 5 are explanatory views of the short bench construction method. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of concrete lining at a floor cross-section position, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of concrete lining at a top position, and FIG. Fig. 4 is a side view of the same, Fig. 4 is a side view of a mechanism such as a rail frame folded in a low volume, and Fig. 5
The figure is a front view of the same device, and Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of concrete lining at the inner top surface position of the lower half by moving the bogie to one side,
Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the lower half of the concrete lining, Fig. 8
Figures 10 to 10 are explanatory views of the mini bench construction method.
The figure is a cross-sectional view of the concrete lining of the upper half, Fig. 9 is a side view of the same, and Fig. 10 is an explanatory view of a state in which the rail frame on one side is folded along the boom in Fig. 9 to make it bulky, FIG. 11 is a plan view of the central portion of the rail frame attached to the tip of the boom, FIG. 12 is the same side view, FIG. 13 is the same front view, and FIG. 14 is an enlarged front view of the movable formwork device, and FIG. FIG. 16 is a side view of the same, FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a telescopic jack portion, and FIG. 17 is a different embodiment diagram of FIG. 1 is a traveling carriage, 1B is a boom, 2 is a rail frame, 3 is a guide rod, 4 is a swing frame, 5 is a bracket, 6,
7,13,14 are pins, 8,9,15 are cylinders, 10 is a screw rod, 11 is a screwed body, 12 is a drive device, 19 is a jack, 20 is a guide rail, 30 is a movable formwork device, 40 Is a formwork.

Front Page Continuation (72) Inventor Mitsuharu Inoue 370-59 Kitatsudacho, Omihachiman City, Shiga Prefecture (56) References JP-A-2-35199 (JP, A) JP-A-63-171998 (JP, A)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A concrete arc lining for tunnel construction, wherein the tip of a boom that can be lifted and retracted is mounted in front of a self-propelled bogie and has an arc shape smaller than the inner peripheral surface of the arc cross section of the tunnel. Also, install a foldable rail frame that expands in a direction perpendicular to the boom axis when viewed on a plane, set a guide frame for formwork movement along it, and move on this frame in the radial direction of the tunnel cross section. The possible partial formwork is a structure that can be freely propelled by the rack and pinion system.When tunnel lining, this partial formwork is used to divide the upper half part from the bottom to the top end several times. Concrete lining equipment in tunnels characterized by concrete pouring 2. The concrete lining for tunnel construction according to claim 1, wherein the rail frame for the partial formwork and the guide frame are both divided into left and right parts into several pieces and are connected to each other by pin joints. When folding these frames from the expanded state, fold them from the lower one in order by holding them inside the upper one with a hydraulic jack etc., then fold the entire left and right frames with a jack etc. as seen in plan view A concrete lining device in a tunnel that can be bent 90 degrees in a direction parallel to the axis and can be stored as if to close the wings of a bird. 3. The concrete lining for tunnel construction according to claim 1, wherein when connecting and connecting the rail frame for formwork and the guide rail to the boom tip portion of the self-propelled carriage, the joint structure is a pin joint system, It can be moved up and down, left and right by a hydraulic jack, and the entire frame can be slid forward and backward. A concrete lining device in a tunnel that can accurately and easily perform