JPH07104022B2 - Heat exchange ventilator - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heat exchange ventilation device for performing ventilation while performing heat exchange between air exhausted from a room and outside air supplied to the room. .

<Prior Art> Conventionally, in order to reduce energy for air conditioning and to perform comfortable air conditioning, between air supplied from the outside to the room and air discharged from the room to the outside. A heat exchange ventilator is used to ventilate while exchanging heat. A typical heat exchange ventilator is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-295443, and its configuration is shown in FIG. 6 of the present application. In casing 1,
The indoor side and outdoor side air supply ports 2 and 3 and the indoor side and outdoor side exhaust ports 4 and 5 are formed. The indoor air supply port 3 and the outdoor air supply port 5 have an air supply fan 6 and an exhaust fan 7, respectively.
Are arranged.

Outside air from the outside is guided to the inside of the casing 1 from the outdoor air supply port 2 via the air supply duct 12, passes through the heat exchanger 8 and is ventilated from the indoor air supply port 3 through the air supply duct 13. Is supplied to the room where Further, the air from the room is guided from the indoor side exhaust port 4 into the casing 1 through the exhaust duct 14, passes through the heat exchanger 8 and is discharged from the outdoor side exhaust port 5 through the exhaust duct 15 to the outside. It In this way, in the heat exchanger 8, heat exchange is performed between the air exhausted from the room and the outside air supplied to the room. As a result, the outside air is supplied to the room after the temperature thereof is brought close to the temperature of the air in the room, so that the energy required for air conditioning can be reduced and the outside air with a large temperature difference is supplied to the room. You can realize comfortable air conditioning.

In the passage 9 between the outdoor side and the indoor side air supply ports 2 and 3, a damper 11 which is rotated in the direction of the arrow 10 is arranged by a configuration not shown. The damper 11 shields the passage 9 to supply the outside air to the room through the heat exchanger 8, and the outside air bypasses the heat exchanger 8 to be supplied to the room. It is possible to select normal ventilation that supplies and exhausts air without heat exchange with room air.

Switching between heat exchange ventilation and normal ventilation by driving the damper 11 is performed by the outdoor temperature detector 16 arranged near the outdoor air supply port 2.
and the indoor temperature detector 1 placed near the indoor exhaust port 4
It is performed based on the detection output with 6r. For example, in the middle of spring or autumn, it is better to supply the outside air to the room without heat exchange between the indoor air and the outside air. 11 is the 6th
The passage 9 is opened at the position shown by the chain double-dashed line in the figure.

Whether or not it is an intermediate period can be detected by setting the indoor and outdoor temperature ranges that require cooling and heating. In addition, even if it is not in the interim period, for example, when cooling is performed in the summer, the temperature of the indoor air may become higher than the outside air at the place where the stove is placed, such as in the kitchen. In that case, if heat exchange ventilation is performed, the temperature in the room rises and the cooling efficiency is poor. Therefore, when the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature during cooling, the damper 11 is located at the position indicated by the chain double-dashed line in which the passage 9 is opened to perform normal ventilation.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, in the above-described conventional technology, the detection of the temperature inside and outside the room is
The temperature of the air supplied from the outside through the air supply duct 12 is detected by the outdoor temperature detector 16o, and the air inside the room through the exhaust duct 14 is detected by the indoor temperature detector 16r. Therefore, when the length of the ducts 12 and 14 is long, the temperature of the air in the vicinity of the temperature detectors 16r and 16o and the temperature of the room in the initial period when the air supply fan 6 and the exhaust fan 7 are started. Do not always match.

Therefore, at the time of starting the ventilation device, the selection between the heat exchange ventilation and the normal ventilation is not always properly performed. Therefore, after the start of the operation, good ventilation may not be performed during the period until the indoor and outdoor air reaches the vicinity of the temperature detectors 16r and 16o, and the control of the damper 11 is wastefully performed. May be.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, to provide a heat exchange ventilation device in which heat exchange ventilation and normal ventilation are appropriately selected and control waste is eliminated.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The heat exchange ventilation device of the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned object provides heat between the air guided from the outside via the air supply duct and the air guided from the room. A heat exchanger that causes the air to be ventilated after the heat exchange to the room to be ventilated, and also discharges the air from the room after the heat exchange to the outside, and the air through the air supply duct. And switching means for switching at least one of the flow paths of the air introduced from the room between the path passing through the heat exchanger and the path bypassing the heat exchanger, and via the air supply duct. A first temperature detector, which is arranged at any predetermined position of the passage of the air guided to the heat exchanger and detects the temperature of the guided air, and the temperature of the air guided to the heat exchanger from the room A second temperature detector for detecting; In a heat exchange ventilator provided with a control means for controlling the switching means based on the outputs of the first and second temperature detectors, the control means starts the control of the switching means, and after starting the start, outdoor. And means for delaying until the time required for the air from (1) to be guided to the vicinity of the predetermined position via the air supply duct elapses.

<Operation> According to the above configuration, heat exchange ventilation for performing heat exchange between the air from the outside and the air exhausted from the room in the heat exchanger, and without performing the heat exchange. The switching means for switching between ventilation and ordinary ventilation does not perform control based on the outputs of the first and second temperature detectors during the period immediately after the start of the heat exchange ventilation device. The first temperature detector is arranged at a predetermined position in any of the passages of the air guided to the heat exchanger from the outside through the air supply duct.

The control means for controlling the switching means starts the control of the switching means after the time required for the air from the outside to be guided to the vicinity of the predetermined position has elapsed after the start of the heat exchange ventilation device. That is, after the temperature of the outdoor air is accurately detected by the first temperature detector,
The control of the switching means will be started. As a result, the control means does not wastefully control the switching means, and the control means controls the switching means only during the period in which the outdoor temperature is accurately detected by the first temperature detector. Optimal ventilation is achieved.

<Examples> Detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings showing examples.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a simplified internal configuration of a heat exchange ventilation device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a side view showing the internal configuration thereof. This heat exchange ventilator is used, for example, with an air conditioner (not shown) that performs cooling and heating, and air from the outside is guided from the air supply duct 21 through the outdoor air supply port 22 and the air from the room Is provided with a casing 25 guided from the exhaust duct 23 through the indoor-side exhaust port 24. The outside air from the outdoor air supply port 22 circulates along a route 29 from the air supply passage 26 to the air supply fan 28 through the heat exchanger 27, and from the air supply fan 28 to the indoor air supply port 30.
After that, the air is supplied to the room from the air supply duct 31.

On the other hand, the indoor air from the indoor exhaust port 24 is
Depending on the position of the damper 34 which is provided in the passage near 24 and is driven by the damper motor DM and the connecting rod 32 and rotated in the direction of the arrow 33, the fluid flows through the casing 25 according to one of the paths 35 and 36. That is, when the damper 34 is in the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 3, the indoor air from the indoor side exhaust port 24 passes through the heat exchanger 27 and the exhaust passage.
It circulates according to the route 35 from the 37 to the exhaust fan 38. On the other hand, when the damper 34 is in the position shown by the alternate long and two short dashes line in FIG. 3, it flows through the casing 25 according to the air passage 36 from the exhaust passage 37 to the exhaust fan 38 via the bypass passage 39 bypassing the heat exchanger 27. To do. As described above, in this embodiment, the switching means is configured to include the damper 34, the damper motor DM, and the like.

Indoor air from the exhaust fan 38 is exhausted to the outside from the outdoor exhaust port 40 via the exhaust duct 41. Reference numeral 42 is a filter of the heat exchanger 27.

An outdoor temperature detector 60o, which is a first temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the outside air, is arranged in the casing 25 near the outdoor air supply port 22, and the casing near the indoor side exhaust port 24. Inside the room 25, an indoor temperature detector 60r which is a second temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the indoor air is arranged. The temperature detectors 60o and 60r may be configured using, for example, thermistors.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration of the heat exchange ventilation device of this embodiment. The outdoor temperature detector 60o and the indoor temperature detector 60r are connected to the control circuit 50. A voltage of, for example, single-phase 200V is supplied to the control circuit 50 from a power supply device (not shown) via a step-down transformer 51. Also connected to the control circuit 50 is a remote control unit 52 provided in the room to which the ducts 23 and 31, for example, are connected.

This remote control unit 52 automatically switches between operation / stop of the heat exchange ventilation device, air volume switching (strong wind, weak wind), heat exchange ventilation and normal ventilation, and normal ventilation and heat exchange ventilation. The switch 52a is provided for switching between the automatic mode performed in step 1 and the manual mode in which the above switching is performed manually.

The power from the power supply is supplied to the switch S from the lines 53 and 54.
It is supplied to the air supply motor M1 of the air supply fan 28 via 1H and S1L, and is also supplied to the exhaust motor M2 of the exhaust fan 38 via switches S2H and S2L. The switches S1H and S2H are connected to the high speed rotation terminals T1H and T2H of the motors M1 and M2, respectively, and the switches S1L and S2L are connected to the low speed rotation terminals T1L and T2L of the motors M1 and M2, respectively. Switch S1H, S1L
One of the two is turned on, and the motor M1 is switched to two states of high speed rotation and low speed rotation. Switch S2H,
The same applies to S2L.

Further, the electric power from the power supply device is supplied to the damper motor DM from the changeover switch SW for switching between normal ventilation and heat exchange ventilation via the open limit switch 55o or the closed limit switch 55s. Open limit switch
Reference numeral 55o is a switch that is turned off when the damper 34 rotates from the position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 3 to the position indicated by the alternate long and two short dashes line and reaches the rotational end position indicated by the alternate long and two short dashes line. The damper 34 of the closed limit switch 55s has a third position.
This is a switch that is turned off when the rotation end position shown by this solid line is reached when rotating from the position shown by the two-dot chain line in the figure to the position shown by the solid line.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the control circuit 50. In step n1, the main power supply is on standby, and when the main power supply is turned on, the changeover switch SW is connected to the closed limit switch 55s side in step n2, the damper 34 is set to the solid line position in FIG. 3, and the passage 39 is closed. It will be in the state of being. Hereinafter, the case where the damper 34 is in the solid line position in FIG. 3 is referred to as “the damper 34 is in the closed state”, and the case where it is in the position shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 3 is the “the damper 34 is in the open state”. It's in. "

In step n3, it is determined whether or not the operation switch is turned on by referring to the signal from the remote control unit 52, and if not turned on, the damper 34 is closed in step n4, and further in step n5 for air supply. Both the motor M1 and the exhaust motor M2 are turned off, that is, the switches S1H, S1L, S2H, S2L are all cut off, and the air supply fan 28
And the exhaust fan 38 is stopped. Therefore, in the stopped state, the damper 34 is in the closed state, and prevents pests and the like from entering from the outside through the passage 39.

If it is determined in step n3 that the operation switch is turned on, the process proceeds to step n6 and switches S1H, S2H or S1L, 2L
Is turned on to energize the supply / exhaust motors M1 and M2,
The exhaust fans 28, 38 are driven.

In step n7, it is determined whether or not the remote control unit 52 has selected the automatic operation mode in which heat exchange ventilation and normal ventilation are automatically selected. When the automatic operation mode is selected, in step n8, referring to the time measured by a timer (not shown) that starts when the operation switch is turned on, a predetermined time ΔT after the operation switch is turned on
It is determined whether (for example 20 to 30 seconds) has elapsed. When this predetermined time ΔT has not elapsed, the process waits until this time elapses, and then the process proceeds to step n9. The air in the room is exhausted for the predetermined time ΔT.
To reach the location near the room temperature detector 60r via
In addition, the outdoor air passes through the air supply duct 41 to detect the outdoor temperature.
The time is longer than the time required to reach the vicinity of the 60o location.

In step n9, it is determined whether the indoor temperature Tr detected by the indoor temperature detector 60r and the outdoor temperature To detected by the outdoor temperature detector 60o are both in the range of 20 to 24 ° C. In this embodiment, in the control circuit 50, the lowest indoor temperature and the lowest outdoor temperature that require cooling are set to 24 ° C, and the highest indoor temperature and the highest outdoor temperature that require heating are set to 20 ° C. . Therefore,
In the above temperature range, cooling / heating is not required, and the air conditioner (not shown) performs the blowing operation.

When the determination in step n9 is affirmative, that is, when the air conditioner performs the blowing operation, the process proceeds to step n10, the damper 34 is closed, and then the process returns to step n3.

When it is determined in step n9 that the indoor temperature Tr or the outdoor temperature To is not within the above range (20 to 24 ° C.), the process proceeds to step n11. In this step n11, it is judged whether or not Tr ≦ 24 and To ≧ 24 or Tr ≧ 24 and To ≧ 20 are satisfied. If the temperatures Tr and To satisfy the above temperature conditions, the process proceeds to step n12, where it is determined whether the outdoor temperature To is higher than the indoor temperature Tr. If the outdoor temperature To is higher, the damper 34 is operated at step n10. Is closed and heat exchange ventilation is performed. When the outdoor temperature To is not higher than the indoor temperature Tr, the process proceeds from step n12 to step n13, the damper 34 is opened, and thus normal ventilation is performed.

When the determination in step n11 is negative, the process proceeds to step n14. In step n14, it is determined whether Tr≤20 and To≤24 or Tr≥20 and To≤20 are satisfied. When this condition is satisfied, it is checked in step n15 whether the indoor temperature Tr is higher than the outdoor temperature To, and if the indoor temperature Tr is higher, the damper 34 is closed in step n10 and heat exchange ventilation is performed. Be seen. In step n15, the indoor temperature To is the outdoor temperature T
When it is determined that it is not higher than r, the routine proceeds to step n13, where the damper 34 is opened and normal ventilation is performed.

When it is determined in step n14 that the indoor temperature Tr and the outdoor temperature To do not satisfy the above conditions, the process returns to step n3.

If it is determined in step n7 that the remote control unit 52 has not selected the automatic mode, the process proceeds to step n16, in which it is determined whether heat exchange ventilation is selected. If heat exchange ventilation is selected, proceed to step n10,
Otherwise, proceed to step n13.

The above-mentioned steps n9 to n15 are summarized in FIG. In Fig. 5, the area shown by the diagonal lines rising to the right, that is, the indoor temperature Tr is the indoor minimum temperature (straight line RA: 24 ° C).
Above, and the outdoor temperature To is the above outdoor maximum temperature (straight line OB: 20
℃) or more, or the indoor temperature Tr is below the indoor minimum temperature (straight line RA) and the outdoor temperature To is above the minimum outdoor temperature (straight line OA: 24 ° C). It is the cooling area where the operation is performed. Further, in this cooling region, when the outdoor temperature To is higher than the indoor temperature Tr, that is, in the region on the left side of the straight line l1 indicating To = Tr, heat exchange ventilation is performed and the outdoor temperature To is lower than the indoor temperature Tr. Normal ventilation is performed in the area on the right side of the straight line l1.

On the other hand, in the area shown by the diagonal lines rising to the left in FIG. 5, that is, when the indoor temperature Tr is below the indoor maximum temperature (straight line RB: 20 ° C.) and the outdoor temperature To is below the outdoor minimum temperature (straight line OA), or The indoor temperature Tr is the maximum indoor temperature (the straight line R
The region indicating the case where the outdoor temperature To is B) or more and the outdoor temperature To is the outdoor maximum temperature (OB) or less is a heating region in which the heating operation is performed in the air conditioner. Further, in this heating area, when the outdoor temperature To is higher than the indoor temperature Tr, that is, in the area on the left side of the straight line l2 indicating To = Tr, normal ventilation is performed, and the outdoor temperature To is lower than the indoor temperature Tr. In the area on the right side of, heat exchange ventilation is performed.

In the area surrounded by the straight lines OA, OB, RA, and RB, where the outdoor temperature To and the indoor temperature Tr are both in the range of 20 to 24 ° C, it is determined that the operating condition of the air conditioner is the blowing operating condition. , Heat exchange ventilation is performed.

In this way, in the automatic mode in which heat exchange ventilation and normal ventilation are automatically selected, the optimum ventilation state is selected according to the operating state of the air conditioner and the indoor temperature Tr and the outdoor temperature To. Thus, energy saving and optimization of air conditioning can be achieved.

As described above, in this embodiment, after the operation switch is turned on and the supply / exhaust fans 28 and 38 are started to drive, the indoor temperature detected by the temperature detectors 60r and 60o after a predetermined time ΔT has elapsed. The opening / closing control of the damper 34 is performed with reference to Tr and the outdoor temperature To. That is, the start of opening / closing control of the damper 34 is delayed by the predetermined time ΔT. For this reason, the air inside and outside the interior of the temperature detector 6 passes through the ducts 23 and 21, respectively.
After being guided to the vicinity of 0r, 60o, the opening / closing control of the damper 34 will be performed based on these outputs. Therefore, even if there is a difference between the temperature in the vicinity of the temperature detectors 60r and 60o and the temperature inside and outside the room immediately after the start-up, the damper 34 is not wastefully controlled, and the heat exchange ventilation operation is not performed. The normal ventilation operation is properly selected in accordance with the indoor and outdoor temperatures. Further, in the present embodiment, the damper 34 is in the closed state until the control of the damper 34 based on the outputs of the temperature detectors 60r and 60o is started after the operation switch is turned on (see FIG. 2). In step n2), the air with a large temperature difference can be prevented from being supplied to the room.

For example, the above time Δ (sec) is L (m), the diameter of which is D (m), the length of the duct 21 that connects the outdoor air supply port 22 to the outside, and the amount of air supplied by the air supply fan 28. Is calculated as Q (m ³ / h) as follows.

For example, L = 60 (m), D = 0.25 (m), and the air volume Q is 720 (m ³ / h) when the wind is strong and 510 (m ³ / h) when the wind is weak.
h), ΔT = 7.9 (sec) when the wind is strong and ΔT = 11.1 (sec) when the wind is weak. Also, L = 50
(M), D = 0.2 (m), and the air volume Q is 500 (m ³ / h) during strong winds and 330 (m ³ / h) during weak winds, ΔT = 11.3 ( sec), ΔT = 2 when the wind is weak
It will be 5.7 (sec). Therefore, approximately ΔT = 30 (sec)
It is considered that useless control of the damper 34 during the period immediately after the start of the start can be prevented by setting the value to a certain degree.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the damper is provided in the exhaust path to switch the heat exchange ventilation and the normal ventilation depending on whether the air from the room is guided to the path through the heat exchanger or the heat exchanger is bypassed. Although the configuration has been described as an example, the present invention can be easily applied to a configuration in which a damper is provided in the air supply path and the ventilation operation is switched by switching the path of the outside air.

In the above-described embodiment, after the start of the start, the outside air is guided to the vicinity of the outdoor air detector 60o, and the control of the damper 34 is performed after the time required for the air from the room to be guided to the vicinity of the indoor temperature detector 60r. But in general,
Since it is considered that the difference between the temperature in the vicinity of the indoor temperature detector 60r and the indoor temperature is not large, the control of the damper 34 requires at least the time required to guide the outside air to the vicinity of the outdoor temperature detector 60o after the start of the start. It may be started after the passage of.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the heat exchange ventilator and the outside and the room are both connected by using a duct as an example, but the present invention is installed by being embedded in a ceiling, for example. It can be easily applied to a heat exchange ventilator in which indoor air from an exhaust port formed in the ceiling is guided to a heat exchanger without passing through a duct.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the outdoor temperature detector 60o is provided in the casing 25 of the heat exchange ventilation device, but may be provided in the air supply duct 21 or the like. That is, the temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the outside air is the air supply duct 21.
It may be arranged at any predetermined position in the air passage leading to the heat exchanger 27 via.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the damper 34 is kept closed during the period after the operation switch is turned on and before the control based on the indoor / outdoor temperature of the damper 34 is started. Such control of the damper 34 may be omitted.

Various other design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the heat exchange ventilation device of the present invention, after the outdoor temperature is accurately detected by the first temperature detector, the switching means for switching between the heat exchange ventilation and the ordinary ventilation is provided. Since the control is started, it is possible to prevent the switching means from being unnecessarily controlled. Further, since the switching means is controlled only during the period when the temperature of the outdoor air is accurately detected by the first temperature detector, the ventilation operation state is appropriately selected.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration of a heat exchange ventilator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a flow chart for explaining the operation of the control circuit 50, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a simplified internal configuration, FIG. 4 is a simplified side view of the same, FIG. 5 is a view showing collectively control operations corresponding to indoor temperature and outdoor temperature, and FIG. It is a figure. 21 …… Air supply duct, 27 …… Heat exchanger, 34 …… Damper, 39
...... Bypass passage, 50 ...... Control circuit (control means), 60o
...... Outdoor temperature detector (first temperature detector), 60r ...... Indoor temperature detector (second temperature detector), SW ...... Changeover switch, DM ...... Damper motor

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A heat exchange is performed between the air guided from the outside through an air supply duct (21) and the air guided from the room, and the air after the heat exchange should be ventilated. A heat exchanger (27) that gives air to the room and discharges the air from the room after heat exchange to the outside, and at least one of air through the air supply duct (21) and air introduced from the room A path (35) passing through the heat exchanger (27) and a heat exchanger (2
One of the switching means (34, DM) for switching between 7) and the path (36) which is bypassed, and the passage for the air introduced to the heat exchanger (27) via the air supply duct (21). A first temperature detector (60o) arranged at a predetermined position to detect the temperature of the guided air.
And a second temperature detector (60r) for detecting the temperature of air introduced into the heat exchanger (27) from the room, and based on outputs of the first and second temperature detectors (60o, 60r) In the heat exchange ventilator provided with a control means (50) for controlling the switching means (34, DM), the control means (50) starts the control of the switching means (34, DM). After the start, the heat exchange ventilator includes means for delaying until the time required for the air from the outside to be guided to the vicinity of the predetermined position via the air supply duct (21) elapses.