JPH07105909B2 - Imaging scanning method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION “Industrial field of application” The present invention captures an image of an object to be measured placed on a rectangular plane by an image pickup section located obliquely above, and thereby the rectangular area is formed on the photoelectric surface of the image pickup section. The present invention relates to an imaging and scanning method capable of forming an image of a flat surface as a trapezoidal flat surface and scanning the photocathode to obtain a video signal to be displayed on a monitor TV and measure the dimensions of an object to be measured. is there.

“Prior Art” As shown in FIG. 8, an object to be measured (2) on an arbitrary coordinate system or on a virtual plane (1) is imaged by a TV camera (3), and this is monitored on a monitor TV (4). Playback and display at the same time,
There are cases where it is desired to measure the dimensions of the object (2) from this video signal.

However, when it is captured by the TV camera (3) from diagonally above the object (2), the square or rectangular plane (1) becomes a trapezoidal image as shown in FIG. When it is attempted to measure the size of the object (2) from this image, for example, the diameter (d), the brightness of the background plane (1) and the object (2) on the horizontal scanning line (H) that crosses the object (2) is measured. The relative diameter d can be measured by making a binarized pulse using the difference and measuring the duration of the pulse.

"Problems to be solved by the invention" By the way, if you want to measure the absolute diameter, use two TVs.
From the center of the lens of the TV camera (3) to the object (2) along the optical axis (l) and from the center of the lens to the plane (1) by stereoscopic method using a camera or other means. The vertical distance of or TV camera (3)
The optical axis from the center of the lens to the object (2) is a plane (1)
It is conceivable to measure the tilt angle and the vertical distance from the center of the lens to the plane (1) and use this measurement value to correct the relative diameter value (d).

However, the means and methods for this correction are actually quite cumbersome and not only far from real-time measurement,
Correction accuracy is also a problem.

The present invention is a simple device without troublesome correction,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an imaging scanning method capable of measuring the absolute value of the dimension of a measured object in real time.

"Means for Solving the Problem" The present invention is configured such that the object to be measured placed on a rectangular plane is imaged by an image pickup section located obliquely above, and the rectangular plane is formed as a trapezoidal plane on the photoelectric surface of the image pickup section. In an imaging scanning method in which an image is formed and a video signal to be displayed on a monitor TV is obtained by scanning the photocathode, a scan on the photocathode of the imaging unit is a trapezoidal plane imaged on the photocathode. Is a trapezoidal scan having a scanning target surface, and the dimension of the measured object is measured by measuring a time width in which a horizontal scanning line generated by the trapezoidal scanning crosses the measured object. It is a thing.

"Embodiment" Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

In FIG. 1, (5) is an image pickup unit (image pickup camera), and this image pickup unit (5) includes a lens (6), a photocathode (7), a horizontal plane,
It is equipped with vertical deflection coils (8) (9). The output side of the image pickup unit (5) is connected to the monitor TV (4) via the video amplifier (10) and the process amplifier (11). The horizontal and vertical deflection coils (8) (9) are coupled to a deflection waveform generator (12). (13) is a sync signal generator,
(14) is a power supply.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described.

The image of the object (2) is picked up by the image pickup section (5) from slightly above. Then, the normal captured reproduction image is displayed with the plane (1) having a trapezoidal shape, as shown in FIG. Therefore, in the present invention, the scanning of the photocathode (7) of the image pickup section (5) is made trapezoidal scanning. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, horizontal scanning of a trapezoidal plane (1) is performed so as to include the trapezoidal plane (1). For that purpose, as in the case of FIG. 8, the depth (l) along the optical axis from the center of the lens (6) of the imaging unit (5) to the object (2) and the plane from the center of the lens (6). The vertical angle to (1) is measured, or the inclination angle of the optical axis from the center of the lens (6) to the object (2) with the plane (1) and the center of the lens (6) to the plane (1). By measuring the vertical distance, inputting or registering this measured value as a set value in the deflection waveform generator (12), and supplying the synchronization signal from the synchronization signal generator (13) to the deflection waveform generator (12). A deflection signal for trapezoidal scanning is sent from the deflection waveform generator (12) to the horizontal and vertical deflection coils (8) and (9) to make the scanning on the photocathode (7) trapezoidal. In other words, the trapezoidal plane corresponding to the plane (1) imaged on the photocathode (7) becomes the surface to be scanned by the horizontal and vertical deflection coils (8) and (9). The video signal from this trapezoidal scanning is sent to the monitor TV via the video amplifier (10) and process amplifier (11).
It is sent to (4). By performing normal rectangular scanning by the monitor TV (4), as shown in FIG. 3, the plane (1) is displayed with the same length both near and far. Therefore, by measuring the width (D) of the scanning line (H) that crosses the object (2), the absolute value of the diameter (d) of the object (2) can be obtained without correction.

Next, another embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

In the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal scanning line was scanned in a trapezoidal or triangular shape by sequentially changing the width of the horizontal scanning. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. 6, it is also possible to rotate the X-axis and the Y-axis by 90 degrees and converge the horizontal scanning line (H) to a certain point for trapezoidal scanning. . A method of rotating each of the horizontal and vertical scanning lines by 90 degrees (Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-24434) may be used, and the horizontal scanning lines may be converged to one point for trapezoidal scanning. In order to perform such scanning, the deflection waveform generator (12) has a vertical deflection signal generating circuit (15) as shown in FIG. 4 (a) and a horizontal deflection signal as shown in FIG. 4 (b). It consists of a generation circuit (16). That is, in the vertical deflection signal generation circuit (15), first, the integration circuit (2 including the operational amplifier (17), the capacitor (18), the resistor (19) and the power supply (20) is used.
1) is driven by a vertical synchronizing signal to obtain a normal vertical scanning signal as shown in FIG. 5 (a), which is then driven by a horizontal synchronizing signal in a similar integrator circuit (22). 5) and the waveforms (a) and (b) are added by the adder circuit (23) to obtain a vertical deflection signal as shown in FIG. 5 (c). Further, a horizontal deflection signal generating circuit (16) composed of the same integrating circuit as shown in FIG. 4 (b) is driven by a horizontal synchronizing signal to obtain a horizontal deflection signal as shown in FIG. 5 (d). When these horizontal and vertical deflection signals (c) and (d) are applied to the horizontal and vertical deflection coils (8) and (9), the sixth
As shown in the figure, a horizontal scanning line H is converged to one point corresponding to a trapezoid and a scanned image signal is obtained. When this video signal is displayed on a normal rectangular scanning monitor TV (4), the plane (1) becomes an image of a constant width as shown in FIG.

[Advantages of the Invention] According to the present invention, the scanning on the photocathode of the image pickup unit is a trapezoidal scan in which the trapezoidal plane formed on the photocathode is the scanning target surface, and the horizontal scanning line generated by the trapezoidal scanning is the object to be measured. Since the dimension of the measured object is measured by measuring the crossing time width, the absolute value of the dimension of the measured object can be measured in real time without troublesome correction with a simple device. . That is, one image pickup unit (for example, TV
(Camera), and the relative position information between the imaging unit and the object to be measured (for example, the depth (l) along the optical axis from the center of the lens (6) of the imaging unit (5) to the object (2) and the lens ( The vertical distance from the center of 6) to the plane (1) is measured and set as a set value, and a deflection signal for trapezoidal scanning is sent from the deflection waveform generator to the horizontal and vertical deflection coils based on this set value and the synchronization signal. As a result, a predetermined trapezoidal scan can be performed, so that the absolute value of the dimension of the measured object can be measured in real time without complicated correction.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an image pickup scanning apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of trapezoidal scanning, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a reproduced image, and FIG. Electrical circuit diagram,
FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of each part, FIG. 6 is a trapezoidal scanning explanatory diagram, and FIG.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a reproduced image, FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an image pickup state, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a reproduced image. (1) ... plane, (2) ... object, (3) ... TV camera, (4) ... monitor TV, (5) ... imaging unit, (6) ...
… Lens, (7) …… Photoelectric surface, (8) (9)… Horizontal,
Vertical deflection coil, (10) ... video amplifier, (11) ... process amplifier, (12) ... deflection waveform generator, (13) ...
Synchronous signal generator, (14) ... power supply, (15) ... vertical deflection signal generation circuit, (16) ... horizontal deflection signal generation circuit, (2
1) (22) …… Integrator circuit, (23) …… Adder circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An object to be measured placed on a rectangular plane is imaged by an image pickup section positioned obliquely above, whereby the rectangular plane is formed as a trapezoidal plane on the photocathode of the image pickup section, and the photocathode is formed. In the imaging scanning method, which obtains a video signal for display on a monitor TV by scanning,
The scanning on the photocathode of the imaging unit is a trapezoidal scan whose trapezoidal plane imaged on the photocathode is a scanning target surface, and a horizontal scanning line generated by the trapezoidal scanning measures the time width across which the object to be measured is crossed. Accordingly, the dimension of the object to be measured is measured, and the imaging and scanning method is characterized.