JPH07105982B2 - Data transmission method in remote monitoring equipment for distribution lines - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a device for remotely monitoring a switch installed in a distribution line for each predetermined section, and in particular, grasps a connection state of a distribution line system at high speed. The present invention relates to a data transmission method in a distant monitoring device for a distribution line, which is suitable for the operation.

[Conventional technology]

The distribution line system, which is stretched out in the form of a network in the city, is equipped with a switch for dividing into predetermined sections in order to separate only the relevant section when an accident occurs or during work.
In order to grasp the connection status of these distribution line systems, each switch is equipped with a remote monitoring slave station, and each slave station is connected to the master station and the transmission circuit in a multi-drop system to open and close each switch. It is designed to monitor the condition.

The conventional monitoring device sequentially calls each slave station by a polling method or, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-222047, a slave station of all distribution line switches to be monitored and controlled. Into several groups, and when collecting the status of distribution line switches, make a group call using the downlink and use the time slot of the reply assigned from the slave station of the corresponding group Use it to send back the switch status of the slave station to the master station. Then, the master station calls the next group when all the slave stations of the called group reply, and similarly waits for the reply of the slave station of the group.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the above-mentioned prior art, as shown in Fig. 3 (a), since the switch status information is sequentially returned from all the switch slave stations, an accident occurs in a section of the distribution line, which causes the switch to operate. When a status change occurs, it is necessary to wait for the completion of the reply of all the switches to recognize the status of this switch, and in a system in which 100 to 200 slave stations are connected to one master station, an accident recovery procedure is required. There was a problem in the operation of the remote monitoring and control of the distribution line, such as the delay in operation. Further, in order to prevent interference from occurring in the time slot assigned to its own slave station, it is necessary to allow a sufficient margin for this time slot, which is actually behind the time chart in FIG. 3 (a). It was not enough in terms of speeding up.

An object of the present invention is to provide a device capable of quickly collecting operation information of a distribution line switch and grasping the state of the distribution system at a high speed in a distribution line distant monitoring system of a polling system for calling a distribution line switch slave station. To provide.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object of the present invention,
The present invention comprises a master station and a plurality of slave stations provided corresponding to the switches installed in each predetermined section of the distribution line and having a function of detecting the status of the corresponding switches. All of the slave stations are grouped and connected to the master station via the transmission line in the data transmission method in the remote monitoring device for distribution lines. In each slave station group, it is close to the power supply side of the distribution line and can respond. A slave station in a state is set as a representative slave station of the slave station group, and the following steps (a) to (e) are executed. Is as follows.

(A) The master station calls the representative slave station for each slave station group by the polling method.

(B) A response is sent back to the master station from the representative slave station that received the call.

(C) Following the response, only the information indicating whether or not the state of the corresponding switch has changed from all other slave stations in the slave station group is transmitted to the master station at a predetermined timing for each slave station. Each is sent.

(D) The master station checks the information from each of the slave stations, and if there is information indicating that there is a status change, it sequentially sends a reply command of status information to the slave station.

(E) The status information of the corresponding switch is returned from the slave station which has received the status information return command to the master station.

That is, a more specific description is as follows.
All switchgear slave stations connected to one transmission line by the multi-drop method are divided into a plurality of groups, and the slave stations close to the power supply side of the distribution line of each group and the slave stations in the responsive state are While being set as a representative slave station of the group, each slave station has a state change detection function when the switch operates. Then, as shown in FIG. 1, when the group representative child station is called from the parent station (step 200), the representative child station of the group replies to this (step 201), followed by the relevant The slave station that has detected a state change in the group responds with the minimum information (information indicating only the presence or absence of a state change) at the timing assigned to itself (step 203). The state change station of the group is sequentially called to grasp the operation information (steps 204 and 205). Following the reply from the representative slave station of the group, if there is no response for a certain period of time, the representative slave station of the next group is called (step 206) and the same processing as above is performed. If the representative slave station does not respond at step 201, all slave stations in the group are called from the slave station on the power supply side of the wiring system (step 207) to grasp the switch status and the first responder. The station is set as the representative slave station of the group (step 208).

[Action]

According to the present invention, polling from the master station is performed for the time being to the representative slave station of each slave station group, and each slave station in the group is individually monitored only for a group that has undergone some state change, Also in this case, first, the minimum information regarding only the presence / absence of the state change is requested to the slave station, and the slave station NO and the state information are returned only for the slave station having the state change. Therefore, unnecessary questions for each slave station can be omitted, and if there is no system change in the distribution line system, it is only necessary to grasp the points, the representative points of the points, and the distribution line system. When a state change occurs in a station, the state change occurrence slave station is quickly reached, and only the slave station in which the state change occurs in the group is called, so that the distribution line system can be grasped at high speed.

〔Example〕

 Next, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Distribution Line System FIG. 2 shows an example of a distribution line system to which the present invention is applied.
The distribution line system, the distribution substation 4 for wiring, and the distribution line 5 of 6KV are laid out in the form of a network in the city, and are supplied to each home after being stepped down to 100V, 200V by a pole transformer. A distribution switch 6 is set on the distribution line 5 in order to separate only the section in case of an accident or work. In addition, a switch 7 for interconnection is also installed to receive support supply from another substation or another feeder. This interconnection switch 7
Is always "open", and "closed" only when supplying support
To be To understand the state of these distribution line systems,
A distribution remote monitoring control device slave station 3 is installed in each switch 6, and a transmission line 2 is connected in a multi-drop manner, and is called by calling the distribution line remote monitoring control device master station 1. The slave station transmits the open / closed state of the division switch 6. 3 receives the power supply from 5, and becomes non-responsive when the power of 5 disappears.

Data Transmission Method Next, a data transmission method according to the present invention will be described.

Now, in FIG. 2, section K of slave station No. 2 and slave station No. 3 of group n
An accident or work occurred in 2, and sections K3 and K4 on the load side after K2
Is in a power outage. The sections K3 and K4 other than K2 are in a healthy state, and when power is supplied to this section, it can be realized by setting the interconnection switch 7 to (ON) to make an interchange from the wiring substation 4-2. As is well known, when a voltage is applied to the line on the power source side, the distribution switch 6 is automatically turned on after a fixed time period for the progressive function, but the voltage is applied to the line on the load side. In some cases, the logic does not turn on automatically. Therefore, when the interconnection switch 7 is turned on, the division switch 6 of the slave group No. 3 of the n group is turned off and the division switch 6 of the slave station No. 4 is turned on. Then, the division switch 6 of the n + 1 group slave station No. 5 is also turned on. As a result, the n-group slave station No.4: n + 1-group slave station No.5 detects a change of state from OFF to ON and waits for polling from the master station 1.

FIG. 3 shows a time chart for polling of the master station in the above-mentioned accident state. FIG. 3 (a) shows a conventional method, and FIG. 3 (b) shows a case where the present invention is applied. As can be seen by comparing the two, the present invention can shorten information recognition. it can. Explaining with reference to FIG. 3, the master station 1 firstly determines a slave station N which is a representative slave station of the n group.
Send poll to o.1. The transmission format of the transmission signal at this time is expressed as "Header No. + group No. + slave station No.". As shown in Fig. 4, two types of header numbers are prepared for the status call. When calling the representative slave station, the header No. 1 in Fig. 4 is set. The group address is set with a unique symbol belonging to the master station 1. In this case, the value is n. The slave station No. is set with a unique symbol in the group. In this case, the slave station code is a numerical value and is a serial number from 1 to 4. Therefore, the master station puts the data of header group 1 address n slave station No. 1 on the transmission line 2. On the other hand, each slave station receives this signal and determines whether or not it is an instruction of its own slave station. If you judge that it is your own station and call the representative child station,
The switch status of the local slave station N _J and the local station switch is returned as data. In FIG. 2B, the n-group slave station 1 corresponds to this. Since each of the other slave stations can also intercept the reply signal of the slave station 1 of the n group, when the reply timing of the slave station 1 of the n group ends, the slave stations in the same group have timing determined in advance by their own station. For example, if the communication speed is 200 bits / sec and the status change response information is 2 bits "11", the representative slave station No. 1
After the end of the reply, the slave station No. 2 has the right to send information of 2 bits (the transmission time of 2 bits is 10 ms). Slave station No.2 is "00"
Reply and give a response without any abnormalities. Slave station No. 3 is 2 bits after the completion of the reply from the representative slave station 1, from 10 ms in time,
Has the right to send the same 2-bit information as slave station No.2. Slave station No. 3 also has no change in state because there is no change in the SW state of the division switch 6. Slave station No. 4 will be
It has the right to send 2-bit information after 4 bits have passed, that is, from 20 ms. As described above, the slave station No. 4 returns the bit of the status change response information "11" because the sorting switch 6 of the own station has changed from OFF to ON. After the completion of the reply of the representative slave station No. 1, the master station 1 stores which slave station has received the status change response from the bit timing time. After the elapse of the timing at which all the slave stations in the n group respond, the slave station state information is called to the slave station that has received the status change response. In the above-mentioned example, since there is a response from the slave group 4 of the n group, the data 1 of the header group 2 address n slave station No. 4 is put on the transmission line 2. Each slave station intercepts this signal but ignores it because the header is 2, and only this slave station sends back the switch state of the division switch 6 of its own station as data. After receiving the data of the slave station 4, the mobile station 1 calls the representative slave station of the next n + 1 group.

Configuration and Operation of Master Station The master station 1 that realizes the above operation will be described. Master station 1
As shown in FIG. 5, a microcomputer (hereinafter, referred to as a microcomputer) 1-1 having an information processing function and a data storage function, a transmission / reception switching device for controlling transmission / reception of a transmission line, and a transmission / reception control device 1-2. It is composed of gates 1-3 for reading the status change response information from the slave station 3.

The specific operation of the microcomputer 1-1 is shown in FIG. When the polling of the slave station 3 is started, the microcomputer 1-1 is activated in the processing flow of FIG. The block 5 in FIG. 6 sends and receives the representative slave station calling header signal, the group No. and the representative slave station No. via the transmission data line in order to prompt each slave station in the group to make a status change response request. Give to -2. The transmission / reception control device 1-2 outputs a signal to the transmission line 2 in accordance with a predetermined transmission specification. This signal is the data of the master station 1 described in FIG.

Next, after the data output is completed, the block 10 instructs the transmission / reception control device 1-2 to change the reception mode through the transmission / reception switching signal line in FIG. 3, and waits for a response. Block 15 is
Wait for a response from the slave station 3. Block 20 if there is a reply
Move on to. Block 20 checks whether the responding slave station is the representative slave station number designated by the microcomputer 1-1. If YES, the block is checked.
Go to 25. Block 25 stores the representative slave station No. n.

Next, the block 30 sets a timing clock in order to read the status change response information transmitted following the response of the representative slave station No. For example, as mentioned above,
At 200 bits / sec, a 5 ms timing clock is set. The clock 35 monitors whether there is a state change response from the n + 1 slave station within the time (2 bits × 5 ms = 10 ms in the above example). That is, in the above example, the fifth
The gates 1-3 in the figure are opened for 10 msec and wait for the state change response signal "11" to be received. If there is a status change response, block 40 stores the corresponding slave station No. n + 1. If not, jump to block 45 and add 1 to n to wait for the next slave station response. Block 50 is a check of whether or not the response has been monitored for all the slave stations in the group. If not completed, block 30
And jump to and monitor the condition response again.

If the response monitoring is completed, block 55 checks whether there is a state response in the group. This can be understood by checking the presence or absence of the slave station number stored in block 40. If there is a status change slave station, block 60 calls the slave station status information with the header symbol 2 to the slave station that received the status change response, and block 65 sets the transmission / reception control device 1-2 to the reception mode. Next, at block 70, a check is made as to whether or not there is a response from the slave station that called the status information. If there is, the response data is set in the memory area which is pre-allocated by the block 75 by the group number and the slave station number. If there is no response, block 80 sets non-response information in the same area as block 75. The block 85 checks whether or not the state information is called to all the slave stations stored in the block 40. If not completed, return to block 60 and call status information. Once complete, block 90 at Block N
Update o.

Block 95 checks whether polling from the master station for all groups is complete. If so, block 100 sets the next polling time and ends. However, it is also possible to stop the processing of block 100, set the group No. first, and jump to block 5 for endless processing.
If it is not completed in block 95, the process is skipped to block 5 and the process of calling the representative slave station No. of the group is repeated.

If there is no state change response slave station in block 55, the slave stations in the group are in a static state and there is no need to collect information, and the group is jumped to block 90 to update the group. If there is a response from block 20 other than the slave station that called the representative slave station, it is considered that the system is abnormal and jumps to block 145.
An alarm is output and polling ends.

If there is no response from the representative slave station in block 15, it is considered that the power supply to the representative slave station has been cut off or a failure has occurred, and the process skips to block 105 and calls all slave stations in the group. Perform processing. Block 105
Then, in the group, a slave station close to the power supply side, that is, a slave station electrically close to the distribution substation except for the interconnection switch (in FIG. 2, the slave station close to the power supply side is a slave station). The order is 1>2>
3> 4. ) Is selected.

Next, for the slave station of the group selected in block 107,
A call is made to the slave station status information of the header symbol 2, block 110 switches the transmission / reception control device 1-2 to the reception mode to wait for reception, and block 115 monitors the response. If a response is received, block 120 checks whether it is the first called slave station (that is, the slave station of the group closest to the power supply side specified in block 105). If the slave station is designated by block 105, it is registered as the representative slave station of the group at block 125, and is subsequently called as the representative slave station of the group.
Block 130 if it is not the slave station specified in block 120
Jump to, and set to a predetermined area by group No. and slave station No. as in block 75.

In block 135, all the slave stations of the group are called or checked. If the call is not completed, the process moves to block 140, the slave station number is updated, and the process returns to block 107. If the call is completed, jump to block 90 and update the group number.

If there is no response at block 115, block 150
Then, like block 80, non-response data is set in the area.

Configuration and operation of slave station The slave station 3 is configured as shown in FIG. Now, the state of the division switch 6 is constantly monitored by the switch information acquisition circuit 3-8. If there is a change in the division switch 6, 3-8
The state change occurrence data is stored in the state change memory 3-13. Master station 1
The transmission / reception switching switch 3-1 is connected to the reception side 3-2 to intercept the polling information from the reception side. When "header + group No. + slave station No.", which is station call information, is output from the master station 1, the slave station receives the transmission buffer 3-via the transmission line 2 and 3-1 → 3-2. The slave station call information is set in 3. Of the information set in 3-3, the header is decoded by the header decode 3-6, and the status change response timing clock 3-7 is set when the representative slave station of the header 1 is called. On the other hand, the group No. and the slave station No. of the reception buffer 3-3 are the group No. decoder 3
-5 and the slave station No. decoder 3-4 determine whether the call is the local station. If your own station, group No. decoder 3
-5 and the output of the slave station No. decoder 3-4 are obtained and the AND gate 3-9 opens. The AND gate 3-9 sets the clock reception to the transmission data timing clock 3-10. Also, since no status change response is required when calling the local station (an example of the n-group slave station 1 in FIG. 2 (b)), the header decoder 3-6 for calling the above-mentioned representative slave station is used for setting. The status change response timing clock 3-7 is reset by the output signal of the AND gate 3-9. The output of the transmission data timing clock 3-10 is transmitted / received by the OR gate 3-15. To transmit mode. On the other hand, the output of the slave station No. decoder 3-4 and the output of the reception buffer 3-3 open the AND gate 3-18 to set the own slave station No. to the transmission buffer (slave station No.) 3-11. . Further, the transmission buffer (data) 3-12 is set with the state of the section switch 6 fetched by the switch information fetch circuit 3-8 and the state of the slave station monitored by the failure monitor circuit 3-16. . The data of the slave station No. transmission buffer 3-11 and the data transmission buffer 3-12 are shifted by one bit by the clock of the transmission data timing clock 3-10 and, at the same time, the AND gate 3-1.
9 is opened, and is output to the transmission circuit 3-14, and is output to the transmission line 2 from the transmission / reception switching switch 3-1 which is in the transmission mode in advance. When the representative slave station is not calling the own station, the status response timing clock 3-7 is set to the clock, and after the representative slave station completes the response, the time slot assigned to the own station (see FIG. 3 ( b)) n substation N
o.2 is 0 ms, slave station No. 3 is 2 bits (that is, after 10 ms),
Slave station No. 4 outputs a signal at 4 bits (that is, after 20 ms), opens AND gate 3-20, and outputs state change memory 3-13 (in the above state change response example, it is set to "11", so 2 It serves as a bit memory) and is output to the transmission line 2 via the transmission circuit 3-14 and the transmission / reception switching switch 3-1. At this time, since the representative slave station No. is not called by the own station, the slave station No. decoder 3-
No output from 4, group No. decoder 3-5. Next, when calling the slave station status information of the header symbol 2, there is no output of the header decoder 3-6, and other operations are the same as when calling the representative slave station.

According to the above embodiment, even if the time slot is deviated due to some cause (for example, transmission line noise or malfunction of the timing clock), if the signal is treated as a status change response, the slave stations before and after the time slot are also combined. The malfunction can be recovered and the time loss due to the recall can be reduced.

The power supply circuit 3-17 receives power from the distribution line 5 and generates power supply for internal circuits. Therefore, when the power supply to the distribution line 5 is cut off, the slave station 3 becomes unresponsive. In order to solve this, it is also effective to combine 3-17 with a power supply unrelated to 5, and in this case, no response can be judged to be a slave station failure. In addition, even if power is supplied from the distribution line 5, if there is a response from the previous call to the representative slave station and there is no response from this call, the slave station opening / closing in the same group as the representative slave station and following the representative slave station When there is no response from the switch, it can be estimated that the classification switch 6 of the representative slave station is “off” and is in a power failure state. Further, if “ON”, there is an effect that the representative slave station can determine that a failure has occurred.

Further, in FIG. 2, a group number can be designated for each slave station 3 from the master station 1 in a device to which the slave station is supplied with power from the distribution line 5, and the slave station 3 can store and hold this. Consider the case where the device is provided. As shown in FIG. 10, when the division switches 6 of all slave stations are supplied with power from one distribution line 5, all slave stations are assigned to the same group, and as shown in FIG. , The branch switch 6 of the slave station No. 3 is "OFF", the interconnection switch 7 is "ON", and the distribution line 5 after the slave station No. 4 is supplied from the distribution substation 4-2. If there is such a situation, divide the group into power supply system divisions. In this way, considering that an accident of the distribution line may occur for each power system, by applying the present invention, the distribution system can be grasped at a more appropriate speed.

Now, in Fig. 10, only the distribution line 5 from the distribution line substation 4-1
If the switch is receiving power, switch the No. 1 to 8 switches
Two groups. If an accident occurs in any of the categories and the switch is turned off, for example, there is an accident in category K3,
If the switch 6 of K2 and K3 is turned off, the representative slave station No. 1
Situation report was received from slave station No. 3 when calling
o.4 to 8 have no power supply and no response. As a result, the master station 1 receives the response from the slave station No. 3, and it can be determined that the section K3 to K8 is a power failure.

Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the interconnection switch 7 is turned on to supply power from the distribution substation 4-2 to K4 to K8 excluding the fault section K3. In this case, if the switches of the slave stations No. 1 to 8 are grouped together, the slave station No. will be called when the representative slave station No. is called.
There are only 4 status reports, and the switch states of slave stations No. 5 to 8 cannot be estimated. When the slave switch Nos. 1 to 4 are the first group and the slave stations Nos. 5 to 8 receiving power from the 4-2 are the second group and the interconnecting switch 7 is operated, the group No. Is changed, and as shown in the present invention, the second group of slave stations No. 5 is set as the representative slave station.
As a result, when the slave station No. 5 of the second group is called as the representative slave station, the state of charge of the sections K4 to K8 can be grasped based on the presence / absence of this response and the presence / absence of changes in other slave stations. For example, the eleventh
In the figure, when the power supply from the distribution substation 4-2 is cut off, as shown in Fig. 11, only calling the representative slave station No. 1 in the 1st group causes the slave station No. 5 in the 2nd group to be called. ~ 8 can't respond,
By dividing the group and calling the representative slave stations of the two groups, there is a response to the previous call,
With this call, there is no response, and it can be seen that the status has changed. Whether the non-response is due to no power supply or the failure of the slave station can be easily determined by calling the second group of slave stations No. 5 as shown in the present invention.

As described above, the present invention is more effective if the group No. and the slave station No. can be changed for each slave station.

In this way, the distribution line switchgear slave stations that are connected in multiple drops are divided into groups (groups), and the representative slave stations in this group are called to see if any switch state changes occur within the group. It is possible to report the status of the power distribution system more frequently than in the past, since the status is reported only for the slave stations that report the status change.

Specifically, for example, 30 slave stations of one distribution line are divided into three groups and the transmission speed is 200 BPS. The calling data structure of the master station is header 2 bits, group No. 6 bits, slave station No. 8 bits, and slave station information is slave station No. 8 bits and status information 8 bits. Among them, assuming that one slave station has changed its state, the time to call the slave station is calculated as follows.

Conventionally, the master station needs only the group number to call each group, but it is necessary to call each slave station.

(3 groups) x (group N 0.8 bits + slave station No. 8 bits) = 48
Bits The response of all slave stations is (30 slave stations) x (slave station No. 8 bits + status information 8 bits = 480 bits, which gives a total of 48 + 480 = 528 bits.

Therefore, the time required is 528/200 = 2.64 seconds.

In the application of the present invention, (3 groups) × (2 bits of heads + 6 bits of group + slave station)
No.8 bit) = 48 bits Because there are 3 groups of responses from the representative slave station (3 groups) x (slave station No. 8 bits + status information 8 bits)
= 48 bits The waiting time for a status change response is 2 bits, and the number of slave stations waiting for a status change response is 27 slave stations. Therefore, the number of bits is 27 slave stations x 2 bits = 54 bits. In addition, since there is a worst case response for one slave station out of 27 slave stations, the number of calling bits of the master station for this is (Header 2 bits) + (Group No. 6 bit) + (Slave station N
o.8 bits) = 16 bits In addition, the slave station response to this is (slave station No. 8 bits) + (status information 8 bits) = 16 bits = 48 + 48 + 54 + 16 + 16 = 182 bits.

Therefore, the required time is 182/200 = 0.91 seconds. Thus, it can be seen that the conventional method takes 2.64 seconds, whereas the present invention can be recognized in 0.91 seconds, and the distribution line system information can be grasped at high speed.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, in the distribution line distant monitoring system of the polling method for calling the distribution line switch slave station, the operation information of the distribution line switch is quickly collected, and the distribution system is operated at high speed. You can grasp the status.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing the procedure of the transmission method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a power distribution system to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 3 shows a response example at the time of polling, and (a) is a conventional example. ,
(B) is a time chart showing the case of the present invention, FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a signal transmission format, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the constitution of the master station, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. Is a flow chart showing the operation of the master station, FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the slave station, and FIGS. 10 and 11 are operation explanatory views when the group number is changed. 1 ... Parent station, 2 ... Transmission line, 3 ... Slave station, 4-1, 4-2 ... Distribution substation, 5 ... Distribution line, 6 ... Division switch, 7 ... Interconnection switch, K1 to K8 …section.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A master station, and a plurality of slave stations provided corresponding to the switches installed in each predetermined section of the distribution line and having a function of detecting the status of the corresponding switches, In the data transmission method of the remote monitoring device for distribution lines, in which all slave stations are grouped and connected to the master station via the transmission line, the response is close to the power supply side of the distribution line in each slave station group and responds. A data transmission method in a remote monitoring device for a distribution line, characterized in that a slave station in an enabled state is set as a representative slave station of the slave station group and the following steps (a) to (e) are executed. (A) The master station calls the representative slave station for each slave station group by the polling method. (B) A response is sent back to the master station from the representative slave station that received the call. (C) Following the response, only the information indicating whether or not the state of the corresponding switch has changed from all other slave stations in the slave station group is transmitted to the master station at a predetermined timing for each slave station. Each is sent. (D) The master station checks the information from each of the slave stations, and if there is information indicating that there is a status change, it sequentially sends a reply command of the status information individually to the slave station. (E) The status information of the corresponding switch is returned from the slave station which has received the status information return command to the master station.