JPH07110963B2 - Metal powder extrusion equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a molding apparatus capable of manufacturing a molded product from a metal powder by a series of operations.

(Prior Art) Since the rapidly solidified metal powder has fine crystal grains and can supersaturate alloy elements, for example, aluminum and aluminum alloys (hereinafter simply referred to as aluminum).
The extruded material formed from the solidified powder has excellent material properties that cannot be provided by the ingot material, and is attracting attention as a material for machine parts and the like.

The extruded material is usually formed by rapidly isostatically compressing rapidly solidified metal powder by cold isostatic pressing (referred to as CIP), and then degassing the resulting compact in hot isostatic pressing (HIP). It was produced by subjecting this sintered body to extrusion processing after pressure-sintering according to (1).

Then, the extruded material is processed into a molded product having an external shape similar to that of the product by cold forging, warm forging, or the like.

By the way, in order to obtain a sintered body of rapidly solidified metal powder, HIP
The reason for carrying out such a strong sintering treatment is as follows. That is, an oxide film is formed on the surface of the rapidly solidified metal powder. For example, in the case of aluminum rapidly solidified powder, a chemically stable and dense Al ₂ O ₃ film is strongly formed. Therefore, in order to obtain such a sintered body of rapidly solidified metal powder, the matrix must be diffusion-bonded through the oxide film, and a strong sintering process is required.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, in the above molding method, the molding step is complicated and the productivity is poor, and various expensive equipments for carrying out each step such as HIP are required, and This is a factor of rising costs.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for forming rapidly solidified metal powder having excellent productivity.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The metal powder molding method of the present invention, which has been implemented in order to achieve the above object, includes a container 30 for containing a metal powder, and a molding hole 9 having a penetrating shape. The mold 8 and the extrusion stem 5 for extruding the metal powder in the container 30 into the molding hole 9 through the extrusion hole 34 formed in the container 30 are provided, and the bottom mold 13 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the molding hole 9. The bottom mold 13 is closely attached and is movable by a cylinder 21 between a position inside the molding hole and a position outside the molding hole on the container side. Between the opening position where the opening end surface of the container abuts and the holes 34 and 9 communicate with each other concentrically and the take-out position where the bottom mold can move to the outside of the molding hole on the container side, in the direction perpendicular to the molding hole axis. The structure of the invention is that the cylinder 43 is movable.

(Operation) With the container on the extrusion position side and the molding on the inside position of the molding hole, the rapidly solidified metal powder in the container is extruded from the extrusion hole of the container into the molding hole of the molding die by the extrusion stem, The extruded material is pressure-filled in a molding chamber configured by the inner peripheral surface of the molding hole and the molding die portion formed at the end of the bottom die on the container side.

The rapidly solidified metal powder in the container is subjected to a strong shearing action by extrusion, the oxide film formed on the surface of the powder is fragmented and broken, and the crystallized substances in the matrix are also finely fragmented. , These are evenly dispersed in the base to increase the strength.

After the pressure filling of the extruded material into the molding chamber is completed, the extrusion stem is moved to the outside of the container, and the container is moved to the extraction position side.

At this time, since the container moves in a direction perpendicular to the molding hole axis center with the opening end surface of the extrusion hole and the opening end surface of the molding hole in contact with each other, the extruded material is sheared by the opening surface of the molding hole and The molded product is left behind. At the time of shearing, the extrusion molded portion is accommodated in the molding chamber, so that the molded product is unlikely to be deformed or damaged.

Next, move the bottom mold to the position outside the molding hole on the container side,
Remove the molded product from the molding hole.

After that, when the bottom die is returned to the position within the forming hole and the container is returned to the extrusion position, the initial state of extrusion is restored. By repeating such a series of operations, molded articles are continuously manufactured.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the extrusion molding apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8.

In FIG. 1 showing the entire apparatus and the initial position, the head frame 2 is attached to the sub-cylinder 4 with respect to the base frame 1.
It is provided so as to be able to move up and down without load through. A main cylinder 3 is erected on the base frame 1, and its main ram is connected to the head frame 2 to form a pushing force generating mechanism. An extruding stem 5 is vertically provided in the head frame 2 at the center of the press, and is vertically movable and pressurizable by the main cylinder 3 and the sub cylinder 4.

A through hole is formed at the center of the press of the base frame 1, and a molding die 8 is attached to a concave portion 7 formed at the peripheral edge of the upper end opening. The molding die 8 is composed of a molding die 10 having a molding hole 9 formed in a penetrating shape, and a die holder 11 for holding the molding die 10.
10 is fitted in the mold holder 11 with its upper end surface protruding from the upper surface of the mold holder 11.

The molding hole 9 is formed by a tapered peripheral surface whose diameter is increased upward from the upper end to the lower part, and a bottom die 13 is inserted in the lower part in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the molding hole 9.

The bottom die 13 has a large diameter portion 14 that is in close contact with the inner peripheral surface of the molding hole 9,
A molding die portion 15 formed on the upper portion thereof and a mounting portion 16 formed on the lower portion of the large-diameter portion 14 are formed, and the molding die portion 15 and the inner peripheral surface of the forming hole 9 constitute a forming chamber 17. is doing.

A knockout bar 19 is connected to the lower end of the mounting portion 16. The knockout bar 19 is provided so as to vertically extend through a pressure receiving member 20 screwed to the lower portion of the through hole of the base frame 1, and the lower end thereof is connected to the piston rod of the knockout cylinder 21. The bottom mold via the knockout bar 19 by the knockout cylinder 21.
13 is configured to be movable between a lower position inside the forming hole and an upper position outside the forming hole.

A pressure ring portion 22 is formed in the middle of the knockout bar 19, while a pressure receiving step portion 23 that engages with the pressure ring portion 22 is formed in a through hole of the pressure receiving member 20. 13
The pressure ring portion 22 engages with the pressure receiving step portion 23 in a state in which is located at the lower position in the forming hole, and the pressure receiving step portion 23 carries the pressure applied to the bottom die 13.

The die holder 11 is provided with a cylinder hole 25 opened on the lower surface thereof, and a piston 26 slidably inserted in the cylinder hole 25 is fixed to the upper surface of the recess 7 of the base frame 2. In addition, the mold holder 11 has a disc spring 27 for urging downward.
It is attached to the bottom surface of the recess 7 by a guide bolt 28 provided with. With such a configuration, when pressure oil is injected into the cylinder hole 25, the die holder 11 rises against the disc spring 27, and when depressurized, the die holder 11 descends due to the urging force of the disc spring 27, and a jack-up is made here. Configure the mechanism.

A container 30 for accommodating the metal powder for molding is provided above the molding die 8. The container 30
A cylinder member 32 having an accommodation hole 31 for accommodating the powder is fitted into the main body 33 in a state of partially protruding from the lower end surface of the container body 33. A shirring 35 made of a gold-diameter material and having an extrusion hole 34 of substantially the same diameter is inserted so that the lower surface thereof and the lower end surface of the cylinder member 32 are flush with each other. The shirring 35
When the powder in the housing hole 31 is pressurized, the powder is held at the lower end of the housing hole 31 as the powder is compression-molded.

A pair of guide blocks 36, 36 are fixed to the upper surface of the bed frame 2 with bolts 37.
A pair of guide grooves 38, 38 are formed on the opposite side surfaces of 6. The container 30 is fitted on a base 39 slidably supported in the horizontal direction by the guide grooves 38, 38. The heights of the guide blocks 36, 36 are adjusted so that the lower end surface of the cylinder member 32 comes into contact with the upper end surface of the molding die 10 at the pushing position where the container 30 is concentric with the center of the press. Therefore, at the extrusion position, the extrusion hole
The opening end face of 34 and the opening end face of the molding hole 9 are in contact with each other, and both holes are in a concentric communication.

In the base 39, a molded product take-out hole 41 is formed at the end opposite to the installed end of the container 30, and a care hole 42 for the molding chamber 17 is provided therebetween. And the base 39
By the shirring cylinder 43.
41 The center is movable to and from the take-out position where it matches the center of the press.

A square wall portion 45 is provided on the upper surface of the opening of the take-out hole 41, and a concave portion is formed by the inner peripheral surface of the wall portion 45 and the upper surface of the substrate 39.
46 is formed, and a cover plate 47 having an opening that is concentric with the extraction hole 41 is fixed to the upper surface thereof with bolts or the like.

In the recess 46, at the upper position outside the molding hole of the bottom mold 13,
A pair of clamp claws 49, 49 for gripping the large diameter portion 14
Is stored. On the rear surface of the clamp claws 49, 49, a pair of guide rods 50, 50 are slidably inserted through guide holes formed in a wall portion 45a opposite to each other. Coil springs 51, 51 for urging the clamp claws 49, 49 in the separating direction are mounted, respectively. Meanwhile, each clamp claw 49,
A cylinder hole 52 is formed in the wall portion 45a opposite to the rear surface of the 49, and a piston 53 for moving the clamp claws 49, 49 toward the center of the extraction hole 41 is slidably inserted in the cylinder hole 52. ing. According to this structure, the cylinder holes 52, 5
By injecting pressure oil into 2, the crank claws 49, 49 move to the center of the extraction hole via the pistons 53, 53, and when the pressure is released, the coil springs 51 clamp the clamp claws 49, 49.
Separate from each other and form a clamp mechanism here. 54 is a pressure oil injection plug.

On the upper part of the container 30, a cylindrical pressing frame 56 is arranged concentrically with the extruding stem 5, and the pressing frame 56 is vertically movable by a mold clamping cylinder 57. Then, when the container 30 is in the push-out position, the pressing frame 56 is lowered, and the upper end surface of the container 30 is pressed while the lower end surface of the pressing frame 56 is kept in contact with the container 30, so that the container 30 is pressed toward the molding die 8 side. Both are then clamped.

In addition, movable members such as the head frame 2 and the pressing frame 56 are slidably guided by an unillustrated guiding device.

Next, the extrusion molding operation will be described with reference to FIG.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, the movable member is arranged at each initial position. That is, the head frame 2 and the pressing frame 56 are set to the rising end, the bottom mold 13 in the forming hole 9 is set to the lower limit, and the container 30 is set to the extrusion position. The supply of pressure oil to the jack-up mechanism and the clamp mechanism is stopped and the pressure is kept released. Then, the metal powder compression molded body 59 is loaded into the accommodation hole 31 in the container 30, the pressing plate 60 is placed on the upper surface thereof, and the pressing frame 56 is lowered to separate the container 30 and the molding die 8 from each other. Tighten the mold.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the auxiliary cylinder 4 lowers the load without loading until the tip of the extrusion stem 5 comes into contact with the push plate 60. After that, pressure oil is fed to the main cylinder 3, the molded body 59 is pressed by both cylinders 3 and 4, and the extruded material is extruded through the extrusion hole 34 into the molding hole 9, and the extruded material is added to the molding chamber 17. Fill with pressure.

When the compression molded body 59 is formed of a rapidly solidified metal powder, the powder is subjected to a strong shearing action by the extrusion process, the oxide film formed on the surface of the powder is fragmented and broken, and the crystals in the matrix are broken. The products and precipitates are also finely divided, and these are evenly dispersed in the matrix to enhance the strength.

When using aluminum rapidly solidified powder, the extrusion ratio is 5 to
20 is good. If it is less than 5, the dividing effect of the Al ₂ O ₃ coating or the like is insufficient, while if it exceeds 20, the extrusion load becomes excessive,
Not suitable for industrial production. The range of 7 to 12 is preferable. The extrusion temperature is preferably 250 to 450 ° C. If the temperature is less than 250 ° C, the deformation resistance of the rapidly solidified powder becomes large, a large extrusion load is required, and the diffusion bonding of the matrix after the fracture of the Al ₂ O ₃ coating becomes insufficient. Meanwhile 450
If the temperature exceeds ℃, the generation and growth of nuclei of precipitates are promoted, coarse precipitates are formed, and the strength is lowered.

The heater for heating the compression molded body 59 may be formed by forming an appropriate heater installation hole in the container body 33 and embedding it in the hole.

After the extrusion molding is completed, the extrusion stem 5 is raised to the outside of the container 30, and then the substrate 39 is horizontally moved from the extrusion position to the take-out position as shown in FIG. At this time, since the container 30 moves horizontally with the upper end surface of the forming hole die 10 and the lower end surface of the cylinder member 32 of the container 30 in contact with each other, the extruded material is sheared by the opening surface of the forming hole 9 and the inside of the forming chamber 17 Piston shaped molded product
62 remains. At this time, since the shirring 35 is mounted flush with the lower end surface of the cylinder member 32, the extruded material is sheared very easily, and the set 62 is hardly settled on the sheared surface. Further, since the extruded portion is sheared while being held in the molding chamber 17, the molded product 62
Not easily deformed or damaged.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the cylinder hole 25 of the die holder 11 is
Then, the pressure oil is fed to the mold holder 11 and the molding die 10 is once raised together with the mold holder 11. By this operation, the adhesion between the molded product 62 and the molding hole 9 and the molding die 15 is eliminated.

After depressurizing the pressure oil in the cylinder hole 25 and lowering the mold holder 11 to the upper surface of the recess 7 of the bed frame 2, the knockout bar 19 is raised as shown in FIG. As the knockout bar 19 rises, the molded product 62 in the molding chamber 17 moves to the bottom mold 13.
At the same time, it passes through the extraction hole 41 of the base 39 and is projected to the upper part of the base 39. Then, pressure oil is fed to the cylinder hole 52 of the clamp mechanism to operate the clamp claws 49, 49 to grip the large diameter portion 14 of the bottom mold 13 and perform positioning. After that, the molded product 62 placed on the bottom mold 13 is taken out by an appropriate taking-out means.

After that, the clamp that released the pressure oil to the clamp mechanism is released, the bottom mold 13 is lowered to the lower position in the forming hole, and then the base
Horizontally move 39 so that the center of the maintenance hole 42 comes to the center of the press. Then, the molding chamber 17 is cleaned through the maintenance hole 42, and molybdenum disulfide or the like and an anti-seizure agent are applied.

After finishing the molding chamber 17, move the substrate 39 to the extrusion position,
By repeating the operations of FIG. 2 and FIGS. 6 to 8, the molded product 62 is continuously extruded.

In the case of the present embodiment, since the shirring 35 is only held at the lower end of the accommodation hole 31 of the container 30 via the compression molded body pressurized in the accommodation hole 31, it is accommodated in the accommodation hole 31. When the compression molded body 59 is almost used, the debris in the accommodation hole 31 can be easily taken out from the accommodation hole 31 for each shirring 35, and the accommodation hole 31 can be easily maintained.

By the way, as the extruding material to be accommodated in the accommodation hole 31 of the container 30, the compression molded body 59 does not necessarily have to be used as described above, and metal powder may be directly charged into the accommodation hole 31.
In this case, a dummy molded product may be mounted in advance so that the powder does not enter the molding chamber 17, the powder in the accommodation hole 31 is compression molded, and then the dummy molded product is taken out.

The extrusion molding apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to extrusion molding of rapidly solidified powder of aluminum, as well as rapidly solidified powder of metal such as magnesium and its alloy, zinc and its alloy, which are easily plastically deformed.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the metal powder extrusion molding apparatus of the present invention, when the container 30 is in the extrusion position, the opening end surface of the extrusion hole 34 and the opening end surface of the molding hole 9 are in contact with each other. Both holes 34,9
Since they are communicated concentrically with each other, the metal powder in the container 30 can be extruded from the extruding hole to the forming hole by the extruding stem. At this time, by providing the bottom mold 13 at the position inside the molding hole, it is extruded into the molding chamber 17 formed by the molding die 15 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the molding hole 9 and the container side end of the bottom mold 13. The material is filled under pressure, and extrusion and molding are performed simultaneously.

Further, since the container 30 can move from the extrusion position to the extraction position in the direction perpendicular to the molding hole axis, the extruded material is sheared at the opening surface of the molding hole 9 and stored in the molding chamber 17 A molded product is obtained.

Therefore, the molded product is less likely to be deformed and damaged.

Since the bottom mold 13 is movable between the inside position of the forming hole and the outside position of the forming hole on the container side, the molded product in the forming chamber 17 is formed in the forming hole 9.
It can be taken out easily.

As described above, according to the extrusion molding apparatus of the present invention, a rapidly solidified metal powder can be easily manufactured into a molded product by a series of operations, and the productivity is excellent.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 8 show a metal powder extrusion molding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a sectional elevation view in an initial position,
FIG. 2 is a sectional elevation view of an essential part in an extrusion molding state, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an essential part showing a mounting state of a molding die, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of a base having a container and a clamp mechanism. Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 4, Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing the sheared state of the extruded material, Fig. 7 is a sectional view showing the jacked-up state of the molding die, and Fig. 8 is a sectional view. It is sectional drawing which shows the clamped state of the bottom type | mold in the upper position outside a shaping hole. 5 ... Extrusion stem, 8 ... Molding die, 9 ... Molding hole, 13
…… Bottom type, 21 …… Knockout cylinder, 30 …… Container, 34 …… Ejection hole, 43 …… Shearing cylinder.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A container 30 for containing a metal powder, a molding die 8 having a molding hole 9 formed in a penetrating shape, and an extrusion hole 34 formed in the container 30 for ejecting the metal powder in the container 30. 9, a bottom die 13 is closely attached to the inner peripheral surface of the forming hole 9, and the bottom die 13 is positioned by the cylinder 21 in the forming hole and the forming hole on the container side. It is movable to and from the outer position, and the container 30 has an extrusion hole.
The opening end face of 34 and the opening end face of the forming hole 9 are in contact with each other and both holes are
Cylinder 43 is movable in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the molding hole between the extrusion position where 34 and 9 communicate with each other concentrically and the take-out position where the bottom mold is movable to the position outside the molding hole on the container side. An extrusion molding apparatus for metal powder, characterized in that 2. A container 30 is formed with a metal powder accommodating hole penetrating in the extruding direction, and a shearing 35 having an extruding hole 34 is inserted at the front end of the accommodating hole 31 in the extruding direction. The extrusion molding apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized.