JPH07112124B2 - Antenna device - Google Patents
Antenna deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07112124B2 JPH07112124B2 JP1120319A JP12031989A JPH07112124B2 JP H07112124 B2 JPH07112124 B2 JP H07112124B2 JP 1120319 A JP1120319 A JP 1120319A JP 12031989 A JP12031989 A JP 12031989A JP H07112124 B2 JPH07112124 B2 JP H07112124B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- plane
- phase shifter
- auxiliary array
- array antenna
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は，車載局等の可搬型衛星通信用アンテナ装置に
関し，特に衛星の初期捕捉を容易に且つ迅速に行うため
の衛星の位置検出用補助アンテナを有するアンテナ装置
に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a portable satellite communication antenna device such as a vehicle-mounted station, and particularly for satellite position detection for easily and quickly performing initial acquisition of a satellite. The present invention relates to an antenna device having an auxiliary antenna.
［従来の技術］ 従来，車載局等の可搬型衛星通信用アンテナ装置におい
ては、第８図に示すように，磁気方位センサ22と緯度，
経度入力部23,及びアンテナ制御回路24を有している。
衛星の初期捕捉を行う場合，現在地のおおよその緯度，
経度を緯度，経度入力部23に入力してアンテナ仰角を決
め，また，磁気方位センサ22より方位を検知してアンテ
ナの方位角を決定する。アンテナ制御回路24は，これら
の決定された値にもとづいて反射鏡アンテナ２の仰角，
方位角を制御し，衛星を初期捕捉している。[Prior Art] Conventionally, in a portable satellite communication antenna device such as an in-vehicle station, as shown in FIG.
It has a longitude input unit 23 and an antenna control circuit 24.
When performing initial acquisition of satellites, the approximate latitude of the current location,
The longitude is input to the latitude / longitude input unit 23 to determine the antenna elevation angle, and the magnetic azimuth sensor 22 detects the azimuth to determine the azimuth angle of the antenna. The antenna control circuit 24 determines the elevation angle of the reflector antenna 2 based on these determined values,
The azimuth is controlled and the satellite is initially acquired.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ この様なアンテナ装置を用いる場合，磁気方位センサ22
の精度が初期捕捉の時間を左右する。そして，金属が磁
気方位センサ22の近くにある場合には検出値に誤差を生
じ，捕捉に時間がかかるという欠点があった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] When such an antenna device is used, the magnetic azimuth sensor 22
The accuracy of does influence the time of initial acquisition. If the metal is close to the magnetic direction sensor 22, an error will occur in the detected value and it will take time to capture.
これに対し，初期捕捉を行う場合，方位または仰角の一
方でも正確に検知できると，一軸固定で捕捉制御を行え
るため，初期捕捉に必要な時間は極端に短縮される。On the other hand, in the case of performing the initial capture, if the azimuth or the elevation angle can be accurately detected, the capture control can be performed by fixing the axis, so that the time required for the initial capture is extremely shortened.
本発明はこのような観点にもとづいてなされたものであ
り，衛星の初期捕捉に際して捕捉制御を容易にすること
のできる衛星通信用アンテナ装置を提供することにあ
る。The present invention has been made based on this point of view, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an antenna device for satellite communication, which can facilitate acquisition control during initial acquisition of a satellite.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 本発明のアンテナ装置は、前記反射鏡アンテナの一次放
射器の近傍でかつその仰角面内で偏位した位置に設けら
れた１つの補助アレイアンテナと、これに接続された移
相器と、この移相器を高速で動作させる移相制御回路
と、前記移相器を通して得られる信号を処理して衛星の
方位方向を検出し、アンテナを指向させるアンテナ制御
部とを有し、前記補助アレイアンテナは、２×２の素子
から成り、方位面内の素子間隔を仰角面内の素子間隔よ
りも狭くすることによりそのビーム幅が方位面内よりも
仰角面内で広くされており、前記移相器を通して得られ
る信号と前記一次放射器からの信号とをこれらの一方を
選択的に出力する切り換えスイッチを介して前記アンテ
ナ制御部に接続したことを特徴とする。[Means for Solving the Problems] The antenna device of the present invention includes one auxiliary array antenna provided in the vicinity of the primary radiator of the reflector antenna and at a position displaced in the elevation plane thereof, and A connected phase shifter, a phase shift control circuit for operating this phase shifter at high speed, and an antenna control unit for processing the signal obtained through the phase shifter to detect the azimuth direction of the satellite and pointing the antenna. And the auxiliary array antenna is composed of 2 × 2 elements, and the beam width thereof is in the elevation plane rather than in the azimuth plane by making the element spacing in the azimuth plane narrower than the element spacing in the elevation plane. The signal obtained through the phase shifter and the signal from the primary radiator are connected to the antenna control unit through a changeover switch that selectively outputs one of them. .
［実施例］ 第１図は，本発明の一実施例であり，反射鏡アンテナ２
と，一次放射器３とからなるアンテナ装置に，補助アレ
イアンテナ４が取り付けられており，これが衛星通信装
置と共に車両に搭載されている。[Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
The auxiliary array antenna 4 is attached to the antenna device including the primary radiator 3 and the primary radiator 3, and the auxiliary array antenna 4 is mounted on the vehicle together with the satellite communication device.
第２図は，本発明の一次放射器部分で，第２図（ａ）は
正面図，第２図（ｂ）は側面図である。補助アレイアン
テナ４は，一次放射器３の仰角面内に設置されており，
この補助アレイアンテナ４には移相器５が装備されてい
る。FIG. 2 is a primary radiator part of the present invention, FIG. 2 (a) is a front view, and FIG. 2 (b) is a side view. The auxiliary array antenna 4 is installed in the elevation plane of the primary radiator 3,
The auxiliary array antenna 4 is equipped with a phase shifter 5.
第３図は補助アレイアンテナ４を４素子のアレイアンテ
ナで構成した例であり，方位面内の素子間隔d1は仰角面
内の素子間隔d2より狭くなっている。これにより，第４
図（ａ），（ｂ）に示す様に,x−ｚ面内のパターンの半
値幅をｙ−ｚ面内の半値幅より広くする事ができる。FIG. 3 shows an example in which the auxiliary array antenna 4 is composed of a 4-element array antenna, and the element spacing d 1 in the azimuth plane is narrower than the element spacing d 2 in the elevation plane. As a result, the fourth
As shown in FIGS. (A) and (b), the half width of the pattern in the xz plane can be made wider than the half width in the yz plane.
この結果，第５図（ａ）に示される様に，反射鏡開口面
上での開口分布は,x−ｚ面内で広く,y−ｚ面内では狭い
分布を形成し，第５図（ｂ），（ｄ）に示すようにEL面
内での放射ビームの半値幅を広くする事になる。これ
は，衛星の初期捕捉時に緯度，経度から計算される衛星
の仰角がかなり誤差があっても捕捉に充分なレベルが得
られる事を意味する。As a result, as shown in Fig. 5 (a), the aperture distribution on the aperture plane of the reflector is wide in the x-z plane and narrow in the y-z plane. As shown in (b) and (d), the full width at half maximum of the radiation beam in the EL plane is widened. This means that even if there is a considerable error in the elevation angle of the satellite calculated from the latitude and longitude during the initial acquisition of the satellite, a sufficient level for acquisition can be obtained.
なお，第１図に示したように,x軸は反射鏡の開口でＸ軸
に,y軸はＺ軸に対応し,Z軸は電波進行方向と一致してい
る。As shown in FIG. 1, the x-axis is the aperture of the reflecting mirror and corresponds to the X-axis, the y-axis corresponds to the Z-axis, and the Z-axis coincides with the radio wave traveling direction.
第６図は本発明のアンテナシステムのブロック図を示
す。まず，初期捕捉時には，スイッチ制御部７によりス
イッチＳを一次放射器３から補助アレイアンテナ４側に
倒しておく。補助アレイアンテナ４では,y軸方向に並ん
でいる素子９−1,9−２に対して移相器５が，素子９−
3,9−４に対しても別の移相器５が装備されており，こ
れらの移相器５は移相器制御部６により高速で位相が制
御される。この時，位相は２値でｙ軸のアレイに対して
は同相で、ｘ軸に対して位相を有するアレイとなってい
るため,x−ｚ軸面内でのビーム走査となる。FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of the antenna system of the present invention. First, at the time of initial acquisition, the switch S is tilted from the primary radiator 3 to the auxiliary array antenna 4 side by the switch control unit 7. In the auxiliary array antenna 4, the phase shifter 5 is provided for the elements 9-1 and 9-2 arranged in the y-axis direction.
Another phase shifter 5 is also provided for 3, 9-4, and the phase of these phase shifters 5 is controlled at high speed by the phase shifter controller 6. At this time, the phase is binary and is in phase with the y-axis array and has the phase with respect to the x-axis, so that beam scanning is performed in the x-z axis plane.
この結果，第５図（ａ）に示す様に，開口分布はＸ−Ｚ
軸面内で移動し，アンテナの方位面内でのビーム走査が
可能となる。この時，第５図（ｂ）中に示される様に衛
星15がアンテナ中心からずれていると，実線13,破線14
で示すように走査ビームが異なることにより受信レベル
が異なる。これを第６図中の位相器制御部６からの位相
切り替え信号を基に検波すると，第５図（ｃ）に示す誤
差信号をとり出せる。誤差信号は，衛星がアンテナ中心
にある場合，走査されたビームにレベル誤差を生じない
ため，誤差信号は０となり，アンテナ中心からずれるほ
ど誤差信号のレベルは大きくなる。このため，この誤差
信号レベルからアンテナを衛星方向に向けさせる角度を
知ることができ，第６図中のアンテナ制御部８における
信号処理によりアンテナをAz方向に駆動させる事ができ
る。As a result, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the aperture distribution is XZ.
It moves in the axial plane and enables beam scanning in the azimuth plane of the antenna. At this time, if the satellite 15 is displaced from the center of the antenna as shown in FIG.
As indicated by, the reception level differs due to the different scanning beams. When this is detected based on the phase switching signal from the phase shifter control unit 6 in FIG. 6, the error signal shown in FIG. 5 (c) can be extracted. When the satellite is in the center of the antenna, the error signal does not cause a level error in the scanned beam, so the error signal becomes 0, and the level of the error signal increases as it deviates from the center of the antenna. Therefore, the angle at which the antenna is directed toward the satellite can be known from this error signal level, and the antenna can be driven in the Az direction by the signal processing in the antenna control unit 8 in FIG.
なお，補助アレイアンテナとしては，第３図に示すもの
に限らず，第７図，に示すようなものでも良い。The auxiliary array antenna is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 3, but may be the one shown in FIG.
第７図は補助アレイアンテナ４の後部にグランド板19を
介して移相器16を一体化した例である。17はコネクタ,1
8は金属壁である。これにより補助アレイアンテナの小
型化が図れる。FIG. 7 shows an example in which the phase shifter 16 is integrated with the rear part of the auxiliary array antenna 4 via the ground plate 19. 17 is a connector, 1
8 is a metal wall. As a result, the size of the auxiliary array antenna can be reduced.
［発明の効果］ 以上説明したように本発明は，一次放射器のｙ−ｚ軸面
内に偏位させて補助アレイアンテナを装備し，この補助
アレイアンテナの位相を制御する事により，磁気センサ
による情報を全く必要とせずに正確にアンテナを衛星の
方位方向に指向させる事が可能である。この結果、初期
捕捉はEL面内のみ行えば良く，容易に且つ短時間で衛星
を初期捕捉できる事となる。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, a magnetic sensor is provided by arranging an auxiliary array antenna by displacing it in the yz axis plane of the primary radiator and controlling the phase of the auxiliary array antenna. It is possible to accurately point the antenna in the azimuth direction of the satellite without the need for any information. As a result, the initial acquisition only needs to be performed within the EL plane, and the satellite can be acquired easily in a short time.
この初期捕捉時間の短縮は，迅速な対応を必要とするテ
レビ放送を目的とした車載衛星通信地球局，或は非常時
の電話回線設定時等に有用である。This shortening of the initial acquisition time is useful for an on-board satellite communication earth station for television broadcasting, which requires a prompt response, or for setting up a telephone line in an emergency.
第１図は本発明のアンテナ装置を車両に搭載した図，第
２図は本発明による補助アレイアンテナの設量例を示し
た図，第３図は補助アレイアンテナの構成を示した図，
第４図は第３図に示した補助アレイアンテナの放射パタ
ーンを示した図，第５図は本発明による衛星の初期捕捉
の原理を説明するための図，第６図は本発明による初期
捕捉制御システムのブロック図，第７図は補助アレイア
ンテナと移相器とを一体化した他の実施例を示した図、
第８図は従来の初期捕捉制御システムのブロック図。 2:反射鏡アンテナ,3:一次放射器,4:補助アレイアンテ
ナ,5:移相器,6:移相器制御部,7:スイッチ制御部,8:アン
テナ制御部,9:アンテナ素子。FIG. 1 is a diagram in which the antenna device of the present invention is mounted on a vehicle, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of setting of an auxiliary array antenna according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of the auxiliary array antenna,
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a radiation pattern of the auxiliary array antenna shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the principle of initial acquisition of a satellite according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an initial acquisition according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a control system, showing another embodiment in which an auxiliary array antenna and a phase shifter are integrated.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a conventional initial acquisition control system. 2: Reflector antenna, 3: Primary radiator, 4: Auxiliary array antenna, 5: Phase shifter, 6: Phase shifter controller, 7: Switch controller, 8: Antenna controller, 9: Antenna element.
Claims (1)
いて、前記反射鏡アンテナの一次放射器の近傍でかつそ
の仰角面内で偏位した位置に設けられた１つの補助アレ
イアンテナと、これに接続された移相器と、この移相器
を高速で動作させる移相制御回路と、前記移相器を通し
て得られる信号を処理して衛星の方位方向を検出し、ア
ンテナを指向させるアンテナ制御部とを有し、前記補助
アレイアンテナは、２×２の素子から成り、方位面内の
素子間隔を仰角面内の素子間隔よりも狭くすることによ
りそのビーム幅が方位面内よりも仰角面内で広くされて
おり、前記移相器を通して得られる信号と前記一次放射
器からの信号とをこれらの一方を選択的に出力する切り
換えスイッチを介して前記アンテナ制御部に接続したこ
とを特徴とするアンテナ装置。1. An antenna device having a reflector antenna, wherein one auxiliary array antenna is provided in the vicinity of the primary radiator of the reflector antenna and at a position displaced in the elevation plane thereof, and is connected to the auxiliary array antenna. A phase shifter, a phase shift control circuit for operating the phase shifter at high speed, and an antenna control unit for processing the signal obtained through the phase shifter to detect the azimuth direction of the satellite and pointing the antenna. The auxiliary array antenna is composed of 2 × 2 elements, and by making the element spacing in the azimuth plane narrower than the element spacing in the elevation plane, the beam width is wider in the elevation plane than in the azimuth plane. The signal obtained through the phase shifter and the signal from the primary radiator are connected to the antenna control unit through a changeover switch that selectively outputs one of them. Antenna equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1120319A JPH07112124B2 (en) | 1989-05-16 | 1989-05-16 | Antenna device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1120319A JPH07112124B2 (en) | 1989-05-16 | 1989-05-16 | Antenna device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02301301A JPH02301301A (en) | 1990-12-13 |
| JPH07112124B2 true JPH07112124B2 (en) | 1995-11-29 |
Family
ID=14783306
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1120319A Expired - Lifetime JPH07112124B2 (en) | 1989-05-16 | 1989-05-16 | Antenna device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07112124B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5341141A (en) * | 1993-03-09 | 1994-08-23 | Hughes Missile Systems Company | Three dimensional imaging radar |
| JP5381035B2 (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2014-01-08 | 日本電気株式会社 | Automatic tracking reception method and automatic tracking receiver |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5986714U (en) * | 1982-12-02 | 1984-06-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | double reflector antenna |
| JPS59194506A (en) * | 1983-04-20 | 1984-11-05 | Meisei Electric Co Ltd | Automatic tracking antenna of fan beam scanning |
-
1989
- 1989-05-16 JP JP1120319A patent/JPH07112124B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02301301A (en) | 1990-12-13 |
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