JPH07112559B2 - Method for treating alkaline fluoride waste liquid containing metal ions and oils - Google Patents
Method for treating alkaline fluoride waste liquid containing metal ions and oilsInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07112559B2 JPH07112559B2 JP62290876A JP29087687A JPH07112559B2 JP H07112559 B2 JPH07112559 B2 JP H07112559B2 JP 62290876 A JP62290876 A JP 62290876A JP 29087687 A JP29087687 A JP 29087687A JP H07112559 B2 JPH07112559 B2 JP H07112559B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- waste liquid
- solution
- exchange membrane
- oils
- metal ions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 54
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 48
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 53
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 32
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910020603 KF—KOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 that is Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/445—Ion-selective electrodialysis with bipolar membranes; Water splitting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 (産業上の利用分野) 本発明は、金属イオンおよび油類を含有するアルカリ性
のフッ化物廃液の処理方法に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for treating an alkaline fluoride waste liquid containing metal ions and oils.
(従来の技術) 有機化合物及びアルキル化金属等の有機金属化合物を反
応原料とし、フッ化水素ガス(以降、HFガスという)を
触媒に使用する有機化学反応プラントにおいて、金属イ
オンおよび油類を含有するアルカリ性のフッ化物廃液が
排出される。例えば、ベンゼン等の有機化合物及びアル
キル亜鉛等のアルキル化金属を反応原料とし、HFガスを
触媒に使用し、有機化合物の水素原子をアルキル基で置
換するアルキル化反応プラントにおいて、HFガスが漏れ
るので、このHFガスは、配管によりHFガス中和処理装置
に導入され、苛性カリ(以降、KOHという)溶液により
中和処理される。また、副生成物としてタールが発生す
るが、このタールは、KOH溶液により洗浄処理され、処
理後の液は中和処理後の液と共に廃液として廃液槽に貯
蔵される。この廃液は、金属イオン及び油類を含有する
アルカリ性のフッ化カリ(以降、KFという)廃液であ
る。即ち、前記アルキル化反応プラントから、金属イオ
ンとしてZn2+,Fe2+,Cr3+,Ni2+,Ca2+,Mn2+等の金属イオ
ン及び油類としてタールを含有するKF−KOH廃液が排出
される。(Prior Art) Organic metal compounds such as organic compounds and alkylated metals are used as reaction materials, and hydrogen fluoride gas (hereinafter referred to as HF gas) is used as a catalyst in an organic chemical reaction plant containing metal ions and oils. The alkaline fluoride waste liquid is discharged. For example, since HF gas leaks in an alkylation reaction plant in which an organic compound such as benzene and an alkylated metal such as alkylzinc are used as a reaction raw material, HF gas is used as a catalyst, and a hydrogen atom of the organic compound is replaced with an alkyl group. The HF gas is introduced into the HF gas neutralization processing device through a pipe and is neutralized by a caustic potash (hereinafter referred to as KOH) solution. Further, although tar is generated as a by-product, this tar is washed with a KOH solution, and the liquid after the treatment is stored in the waste liquid tank as a waste liquid together with the liquid after the neutralization treatment. This waste liquid is alkaline potassium fluoride (hereinafter referred to as KF) waste liquid containing metal ions and oils. That is, from the alkylation reaction plant, Zn 2+ as a metal ion, Fe 2+ , Cr 3+ , Ni 2+ , Ca 2+ , KF-KOH containing tar as an oil and metal ions such as Mn 2+. Waste liquid is discharged.
従来、これらの如き金属イオンおよび油類を含有するア
ルカリ性のフッ化物廃液は、いわゆるカルシウム置換法
(以降、Ca置換法という)によって処理されていた。即
ち、該廃液に水酸化カルシウム(以降、Ca(OH)2とい
う)を添加して、Ca置換反応により廃液中のフッ素イオ
ン(以降、F-という)をCaF2にして沈澱させ、沈澱物と
分離してアルカリ溶液を回収し、一方CaF2の沈澱物はス
ラッジとし、産業廃棄物として廃棄され、廃液の処理が
行われていた。例えば、前記アルキル化反応プラントか
ら排出されるが如きKF−KOH廃液の場合は、2KF+Ca(O
H)2→2KOH+CaF2の反応式で示されるCa置換反応によ
り、廃液中のF-をCaF2にして沈澱させ、アルカリ溶液と
してKOH溶液を回収し、廃液の処理が行われていた。Conventionally, an alkaline fluoride waste liquid containing such metal ions and oils has been treated by a so-called calcium replacement method (hereinafter referred to as Ca replacement method). That is, calcium hydroxide (hereinafter referred to as Ca (OH) 2 ) was added to the waste liquid, and the fluoride ion (hereinafter referred to as F − ) in the waste liquid was converted to CaF 2 by the Ca substitution reaction to cause precipitation. The alkaline solution was separated and recovered, while the CaF 2 precipitate was treated as sludge and discarded as industrial waste, and the waste liquid was treated. For example, in the case of KF-KOH waste liquid which is discharged from the alkylation reaction plant, 2KF + Ca (O
The Ca substitution reaction represented by H) 2 → 2KOH + CaF 2 of reaction formula, F in the effluent - is precipitated in the CaF 2, the KOH solution recovered as the alkali solution, the processing of the waste liquid has been carried out.
(発明が解決しようとする問題点) ところが、上記Ca置換法による廃液の処理方法は、Ca置
換反応の終点の管理が困難であること、また、スラッジ
と溶液との分離を伴うこと等の理由により、アルカリの
回収率は約50−60%であり、低いという問題点がある。
即ち、Ca置換反応の終点の管理が困難であるため、回収
するアルカリ溶液中には、未反応のフッ化物が割合多く
残留する場合があり、また、スラッジと溶液との分離を
伴うため、アルカリ溶液を全て回収できないので、アル
カリの回収率が低くなるのである。(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, in the method for treating waste liquid by the above-mentioned Ca substitution method, it is difficult to control the end point of the Ca substitution reaction, and the reason that it involves separation of sludge and solution, etc. Therefore, there is a problem that the recovery rate of alkali is about 50-60%, which is low.
That is, since it is difficult to control the end point of the Ca substitution reaction, a large amount of unreacted fluoride may remain in the alkali solution to be recovered, and since the sludge and the solution are separated, alkali Since the entire solution cannot be recovered, the recovery rate of alkali is low.
また、スラッジとアルカリ溶液との分離操作において、
回収できなかったアルカリ溶液中には、未反応のフッ化
物が残留しているので、この溶液を公共水域へ廃棄する
に際しては、大量の水で希釈しながら行なわなければな
らないという問題点がある。Also, in the separation operation of sludge and alkaline solution,
Since the unreacted fluoride remains in the alkali solution that could not be recovered, there is a problem that this solution must be diluted with a large amount of water when it is discarded into public water areas.
また、CaF2のスラッジは、産業廃棄物として廃棄されて
いるが、水分等の作用によりF-として溶出する可能性が
あり、環境汚染即ち公害上の問題点がある。Further, CaF 2 sludge, which is discarded as industrial waste, may be eluted as F − due to the action of water or the like, which poses a problem of environmental pollution, that is, pollution.
本発明はこの様な事情に着目してなされたものであっ
て、その目的は従来のものがもつ以上のような問題点を
解消し、アルカリの回収率が高く、また、HF溶液を回収
でき、さらに、Ca置換法による廃液の処理方法における
ような大量の水で希釈しながら廃棄しなければならない
溶液、及び、水分等の作用によりF-として溶出する可能
性があるCaF2のスラッジのような産業廃棄物を生じるこ
となく、廃液の処理ができる金属イオン及び油類を含有
するアルカリ性のフッ化物廃液の処理方法を提供しよう
とするものである。The present invention has been made by paying attention to such circumstances, and its purpose is to solve the above-described problems of the conventional ones, a high alkali recovery rate, and an HF solution recovery capability. In addition, it is a solution that must be discarded while diluting with a large amount of water as in the waste liquid treatment method by the Ca substitution method, and CaF 2 sludge that may be eluted as F − due to the action of water etc. It is intended to provide a method for treating an alkaline fluoride waste liquid containing metal ions and oils, which enables the waste liquid to be treated without producing various industrial wastes.
(問題点を解決するための手段) 上記の目的を達成するために、本発明は次のような構成
の金属イオンおよび油類を含有するアルカリ性のフッ化
物廃液の処理方法としている。すなわち、本発明は、金
属イオンおよび油類を含有するアルカリ性のフッ化物廃
液を、フッ酸の添加により中和処理をし、油類の除去処
理をした後、キレート樹脂による金属イオンの吸着除去
処理をし、ついでバイポーラ膜と陰イオン交換膜及び陽
イオン交換膜を組み合わせてなるイオン交換膜電気透析
装置により、アルカリとフッ酸とに分離して再生回収す
ることを特徴とする金属イオンおよび油類を含有するア
ルカリ性のフッ化物廃液の処理方法である。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for treating an alkaline fluoride waste liquid containing metal ions and oils having the following constitution. That is, the present invention, the alkaline fluoride waste liquid containing metal ions and oils is neutralized by the addition of hydrofluoric acid, and after the oils are removed, the metal ions are adsorbed and removed by the chelate resin. Then, the metal ion and oils are characterized in that they are separated and regenerated and recovered into alkali and hydrofluoric acid by an ion exchange membrane electrodialysis device which is a combination of a bipolar membrane, an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane. It is a method of treating an alkaline fluoride waste liquid containing a.
(作 用) 本発明の金属イオンを含有するアルカリ性のフッ化物廃
液の処理方法は、以上のような構成としているので、ア
ルカリの回収率が高くできる。また、HF溶液を回収でき
る。さらに、大量の水で希釈しながら廃棄しなければな
らない溶液、及び、水分等の作用によりF-として溶出す
る可能性がある産業廃棄物を生じることなく、廃液処理
が可能となる。この作用の詳細を以下に説明する。(Operation) Since the method for treating an alkaline fluoride waste liquid containing a metal ion of the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, the alkali recovery rate can be increased. Also, the HF solution can be collected. Furthermore, it is possible to treat the liquid waste without diluting it with a large amount of water and discarding the industrial waste that may be eluted as F − due to the action of water or the like. The details of this operation will be described below.
金属イオンおよび油類を含有するアルカリ性のフッ化物
廃液を、フッ酸の添加により中和処理をし、油類の除去
処理をするのは、次の理由による。The alkaline fluoride waste liquid containing metal ions and oils is neutralized by adding hydrofluoric acid to remove oils for the following reason.
中和処理をするのは、後工程において使用されるイオン
交換膜電気透析装置の陰イオン交換膜の損傷を防止する
ためである。即ち、陰イオン交換膜は元来アルカリに弱
く、アルカリ性のフッ化物廃液がイオン交換膜電気透析
装置に導入されると、陰イオン交換膜がアルカリ脆化し
て割れが生じたり、溶解したりすることがあるので、そ
れを防止するためである。The neutralization treatment is performed to prevent damage to the anion exchange membrane of the ion exchange membrane electrodialysis device used in the subsequent step. That is, the anion exchange membrane is originally weak against alkali, and when an alkaline fluoride waste liquid is introduced into the ion exchange membrane electrodialysis device, the anion exchange membrane becomes brittle and breaks or dissolves. Because there is, it is to prevent it.
この中和処理をフッ酸の添加により行うのは、混酸では
なく、純粋のフッ酸を再生回収するためである。即ち、
中和処理をフッ酸以外の酸の添加により行うと、イオン
交換膜電気透析装置により、再生回収される酸が混酸と
なり、純粋のフッ酸が再生回収されなくなるからであ
る。This neutralization treatment is performed by adding hydrofluoric acid in order to regenerate and recover pure hydrofluoric acid, not a mixed acid. That is,
This is because if the neutralization treatment is performed by adding an acid other than hydrofluoric acid, the acid that is regenerated and recovered by the ion exchange membrane electrodialysis device becomes a mixed acid, and pure hydrofluoric acid cannot be regenerated and recovered.
油類の除去処理をするのは、後工程において使用される
イオン交換膜電気透析装置により、アルカリとフッ酸と
に分離して再生回収するときの電流効率の低下を防止す
るためである。即ち、油類を含有する溶液がイオン交換
膜電気透析装置に導入されると、油類がイオン交換膜に
付着し、その油類が電気透析の抵抗となり、電圧の上
昇、電流効率の低下を来すので、それを防止するためで
ある。この油類の除去処理は、活性炭を用いる通常の吸
着除去処理方法により行うことができる。The oil is removed in order to prevent a decrease in current efficiency when the ion exchange membrane electrodialysis device used in the subsequent step separates the alkali and hydrofluoric acid for regeneration and recovery. That is, when a solution containing oils is introduced into the ion exchange membrane electrodialysis device, the oils adhere to the ion exchange membrane, the oils become the resistance of electrodialysis, and the voltage rises and the current efficiency decreases. This is to prevent it because it will come. This oil removal treatment can be performed by a conventional adsorption removal treatment method using activated carbon.
上記中和処理、油類の除去処理を、キレート樹脂による
金属イオンの吸着除去処理をする前に行うのは、キレー
ト樹脂の金属イオンの吸着能の低下を防止するためであ
る。尚、中和処理を先に行うか、油類の除去処理を先に
行うかは限定されるものではない。The above-mentioned neutralization treatment and oil removal treatment are performed before the metal ion adsorption / removal treatment by the chelate resin in order to prevent the metal ion adsorption ability of the chelate resin from decreasing. It should be noted that it is not limited whether the neutralization treatment or the oil removal treatment is performed first.
上記中和処理および油類の除去処理後、キレート樹脂に
よる金属イオンの吸着除去処理をする。この処理によ
り、Zn2+,Fe2+,Cr3+,Ni2+,Ca2+,Mn2+等の金属イオンが
除去される。この金属イオンの吸着除去処理を行うの
は、後工程において使用されるイオン交換膜電気透析装
置により、アルカリとフッ酸とに分離して再生回収する
ときの電流効率の低下を防止するためである。即ち、Zn
2+,Fe2+,Cr3+,Ni2+,Ca2+,Mn2+等の金属イオンを含有す
る溶液がイオン交換膜電気透析装置に導入されると、そ
れらの金属イオンが水酸化物となってイオン交換膜に付
着し、その水酸化物が電気透析の抵抗となり、電圧の上
昇、電流効率の低下を来すので、それを防止するためで
ある。After the above-mentioned neutralization treatment and oil removal treatment, a chelate resin adsorption and removal treatment of metal ions is performed. By this treatment, metal ions such as Zn 2+ , Fe 2+ , Cr 3+ , Ni 2+ , Ca 2+ and Mn 2+ are removed. This metal ion adsorption / removal treatment is carried out in order to prevent a decrease in current efficiency when the ion-exchange membrane electrodialysis device used in the subsequent step is separated into alkali and hydrofluoric acid for regeneration and recovery. . That is, Zn
When a solution containing metal ions such as 2+ , Fe 2+ , Cr 3+ , Ni 2+ , Ca 2+ , Mn 2+ is introduced into the ion exchange membrane electrodialysis device, those metal ions are hydroxylated. This is because the substance adheres to the ion exchange membrane, and the hydroxide thereof becomes a resistance for electrodialysis, which causes an increase in voltage and a decrease in current efficiency.
上記金属イオンの吸着除去処理後、バイポーラ膜と陰イ
オン交換膜及び陽イオン交換膜を組み合わせてなるイオ
ン交換膜電気透析装置により、HF溶液とアルカリとに分
離して再生回収する。その構成主要部の概念図を、フッ
化物溶液がKF溶液の場合について第1図に示す。バイポ
ーラ膜はB、陽イオン交換膜はC、陰イオン交換膜はA
で示される。After the metal ion adsorption-removal treatment, an HF solution and alkali are separated and regenerated and recovered by an ion exchange membrane electrodialyzer that is a combination of a bipolar membrane, an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane. FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of the main part of the structure when the fluoride solution is a KF solution. B for bipolar membrane, C for cation exchange membrane, A for anion exchange membrane
Indicated by.
即ち、前記バイポーラ膜を使用したイオン交換膜電気透
析装置は、バイポーラ膜,陰イオン交換膜,陽イオン交
換膜を一組とするセルを幾つか有し、そのセルは膜を介
して形成された希釈室即ち塩ライン(1)、その両側に
配された濃縮室即ちアルカリライン(2)および酸ライ
ン(3)から構成されている。That is, the ion exchange membrane electrodialysis device using the bipolar membrane has several cells each including a bipolar membrane, an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane, and the cells are formed through the membrane. It is composed of a diluting chamber or salt line (1), a concentrating chamber or alkali line (2) and an acid line (3) arranged on both sides thereof.
この装置において、塩ライン(1)に前記中性のフッ化
物溶液を循環して流し、アルカリライン(2)にアルカ
リまたは/および脱塩水を循環して流し、酸ライン
(3)に酸、脱塩水または/および懸濁物が除去された
工業用水(以降、工水という)を循環して流し、装置の
両端の電極(4),(5)に直流電流を通電すると、塩
ライン(1)の前記中性のフッ化物溶液即ち塩の水溶液
が脱塩される。即ち、前記中性のフッ化物溶液からアル
カリ成分が透析され、アルカリライン(2)にはアルカ
リが再生され、アルカリまたは脱塩水の循環流と合流
し、回収される。塩ライン(1)に溶液を循環して流す
ので、最終的にはフッ化物溶液中のアルカリ成分の全て
が透析され、そのためアルカリの回収率を100%とする
ことができる 一方、酸ライン(3)にはHF溶液が再生され、HF溶液、
脱塩水または/および工水の循環流と合流し、回収され
る。尚、この回収酸即ちHF溶液は、前工程の廃液の中和
処理に再利用することもできる。In this apparatus, the neutral fluoride solution is circulated through the salt line (1), alkali or / and demineralized water is circulated through the alkali line (2), and the acid and When salt water or / and industrial water from which suspension has been removed (hereinafter referred to as industrial water) is circulated and a direct current is applied to the electrodes (4) and (5) at both ends of the device, the salt line (1) Said neutral fluoride solution, i.e. an aqueous solution of salt, is desalted. That is, the alkali component is dialyzed from the neutral fluoride solution, the alkali is regenerated in the alkali line (2), and the alkali is merged with the circulating flow of alkali or demineralized water to be recovered. Since the solution is circulated through the salt line (1), all of the alkali components in the fluoride solution are finally dialyzed, so that the alkali recovery rate can be 100%, while the acid line (3 ) HF solution is regenerated, HF solution,
It is combined with the circulating flow of demineralized water and / or industrial water and collected. The recovered acid, that is, the HF solution can be reused for neutralizing the waste liquid in the previous step.
このとき、上記装置の塩ライン(1)に導入されるフッ
化物溶液は、前工程の中和処理により中性化されたもの
となっているので、アルカリに弱い陰イオン交換膜の損
傷を防止できるのである。また、前工程で油類及びF
e2+,Cr3+,Ni2+,Ca2+,Mn2+等の金属イオンが除去されて
いるので、再生回収するときの電流効率の低下を防止で
きるのである。At this time, since the fluoride solution introduced into the salt line (1) of the above apparatus has been neutralized by the neutralization treatment in the previous step, it is possible to prevent damage to the anion exchange membrane, which is weak against alkali. You can do it. In the previous process, oils and F
Since the metal ions such as e 2+ , Cr 3+ , Ni 2+ , Ca 2+ and Mn 2+ are removed, it is possible to prevent the reduction of the current efficiency at the time of regeneration and recovery.
本発明において、塩ライン(1)において脱塩された水
溶液即ち脱塩水は、前記イオン交換膜電気透析装置にお
けるアルカリライン(2)または酸ライン(3)の循環
用溶液として再利用することができる。また、再生回収
されるHFは、酸ライン(3)の循環用溶液として、再生
回収されるアルカリは、アルカリライン(2)の循環用
溶液として再利用することもできる。更に、後者のアル
カリは、アルキル化反応プラント等において、漏れるHF
ガスの中和処理用、また、副生成物のタール洗浄処理用
として再利用することもできる。In the present invention, the aqueous solution desalted in the salt line (1), that is, demineralized water, can be reused as a circulating solution for the alkali line (2) or the acid line (3) in the ion exchange membrane electrodialysis device. . The regenerated and recovered HF can be reused as a circulating solution for the acid line (3), and the regenerated and recovered alkali can be reused as a circulating solution for the alkali line (2). In addition, the latter alkali is HF that leaks in alkylation reaction plants, etc.
It can be reused for neutralizing gas and for cleaning tar by-products.
また、上記のように、再生されるアルカリ、HF溶液は、
再利用または/および回収することが出来、脱塩水は再
利用されるので、処理系から廃液、処理液を全く出さな
いクローズドシステムとすることが出来る。Further, as described above, the alkali to be regenerated, the HF solution,
Since it can be reused and / or recovered and the demineralized water is reused, it can be a closed system in which no waste liquid or processing liquid is discharged from the processing system.
以上のように、本発明の処理方法は、アルカリの回収率
が高く、100%とすることができる。また、同時にHF溶
液の回収ができる。更に、大量の水で希釈しながら廃棄
しなければならない溶液、及び、水分等の作用によりF-
として溶出する可能性がある産業廃棄物を生じることな
く、廃液処理を可能とするものである。As described above, the treatment method of the present invention has a high alkali recovery rate and can be set to 100%. At the same time, the HF solution can be recovered. Furthermore, it must be disposed while diluting with a large amount of water solution, and, F by the action of moisture and the like -
It enables waste liquid treatment without producing industrial waste that may be eluted as.
尚、廃液中にFe等の金属、Fe2O3等の酸化物、Ca(OH)
2等の水酸化物等あるいは固形状のタール等の固体が含
有されている場合は、必要に応じて、油類の除去処理工
程の前に、この廃液を濾過してそれらの固体を除去する
方が望ましい。この固体の含有量が多い場合は、イオン
交換膜電気透析装置による再生回収処理工程において、
塩ライン(1)の閉塞あるいは電流効率の低下等の運転
上の支障を生じるからである。In the waste liquid, metals such as Fe, oxides such as Fe 2 O 3 , Ca (OH)
When a solid such as hydroxide or the like such as 2 or solid tar is contained, the waste liquid is filtered to remove those solids, if necessary, before the oil removal treatment step. Is preferable. When the content of this solid is high, in the regeneration recovery treatment step by the ion exchange membrane electrodialysis device,
This is because there is a problem in operation such as blockage of the salt line (1) or reduction in current efficiency.
(実施例) 本発明の実施例を以下に説明する。(Examples) Examples of the present invention will be described below.
HFガスを触媒とするアルキル化反応プラントにおいて、
漏れたHFガスのKOH溶液による中和処理、及び、副生成
物のタールのKOH溶液による洗浄処理により排出されたK
F−KOH廃液、即ち、金属イオン及び油類を含有するKF−
KOH廃液について、本発明の方法により廃液の処理を行
った。第2図に本処理のフローシートを示す。この図に
示すように、処理系は、この系から廃液、処理液を全く
出さないクローズドシステムとした。In an alkylation reaction plant using HF gas as a catalyst,
K discharged by neutralization of leaked HF gas with KOH solution and washing of by-product tar with KOH solution
F-KOH waste liquid, that is, KF-containing metal ions and oils
Regarding the KOH waste liquid, the waste liquid was treated by the method of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a flow sheet of this processing. As shown in this figure, the treatment system was a closed system that did not emit any waste liquid or treatment liquid from this system.
この廃液は、主にKF300g/,KOH19g/の組成からなる
が、この他にFe100mg/、油分100mg/、更に微量のZn
2+,Fe2+,Cr3+,Ni2+,Ca2+,Mn2+等の金属イオンを含有し
ている。この廃液を、濾過器(a)により濾過して水酸
化鉄等の懸濁物を除去した後、中和タンク(b)に導入
し、HFを添加して中和処理した。この中和処理により、
KF−KOH廃液は、中性のKF溶液と化する。This waste liquid mainly consists of KF300g /, KOH19g /, but in addition to this, Fe100mg /, oil 100mg /, and a trace amount of Zn.
It contains metal ions such as 2+ , Fe 2+ , Cr 3+ , Ni 2+ , Ca 2+ and Mn 2+ . This waste liquid was filtered by a filter (a) to remove a suspension such as iron hydroxide, and then introduced into a neutralization tank (b) and neutralized by adding HF. By this neutralization treatment,
The KF-KOH waste liquid becomes a neutral KF solution.
上記中和処理で得られたKF溶液は、活性炭吸着塔(c)
に導入し、活性炭による油類の吸着除去処理をした後、
活性炭処理液槽(d)を経てキレート樹脂槽(e)に導
入し、キレート樹脂により、上記Zn2+,Fe2+,Cr3+,Ni2+,
Ca2+,Mn2+等の金属イオンを吸着除去処理し、塩タンク
(f)に注入した。この処理後のKF溶液の組成は、KFが
319g/、Zn2+,Fe2+,Cr3+,Ni2+,Ca2+,Mn2+等の金属イオ
ンの総量が0.1mg/未満、油分が1mg/未満であった。The KF solution obtained by the above neutralization treatment is the activated carbon adsorption tower (c).
Introduced into, and after the adsorption removal of oils with activated carbon,
It is introduced into the chelate resin tank (e) through the activated carbon treatment liquid tank (d), and by the chelate resin, the above Zn 2+ , Fe 2+ , Cr 3+ , Ni 2+ ,
Metal ions such as Ca 2+ and Mn 2+ were adsorbed and removed, and then injected into the salt tank (f). The composition of the KF solution after this treatment is
The total amount of metal ions such as 319 g /, Zn 2+ , Fe 2+ , Cr 3+ , Ni 2+ , Ca 2+ , Mn 2+ was less than 0.1 mg /, and the oil content was less than 1 mg /.
この処理後のKF溶液を、バイポーラ膜と陰イオン交換膜
及び陽イオン交換膜を組み合わせてなるイオン交換膜電
気透析装置(g)により、KOH溶液とHF溶液とに分離し
て再生回収した。即ち、上記KF溶液を、イオン交換膜電
気透析装置(g)に導入し、透析脱塩した。この装置
(g)は、バイポーラ膜,陰イオン交換膜,陽イオン交
換膜を一組とするセルを8セル有し、有効膜面積10dm2
のものを用いた。この運転条件は、溶液の温度30−35
℃、電流密度9.3A/dm2、膜面循環流速5cm/sec,塩循環ラ
インの導電率は,40000μs/cmとした。アルカリラインに
再生されたKOH溶液は、アルカリタンク(h)に回収す
るとともに、その一部をアルカリライン(2)循環用溶
液として再利用した。酸ラインに再生されたHF溶液は、
酸タンク(i)に回収するとともに、その一部を中和処
理および酸ライン(3)循環用溶液として再利用した。
塩ラインにおいて脱塩された溶液は、塩循環ラインへの
投入溶液として再利用した。The KF solution after this treatment was separated into a KOH solution and an HF solution by an ion exchange membrane electrodialyzer (g) including a bipolar membrane, an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane, and regenerated and recovered. That is, the KF solution was introduced into an ion exchange membrane electrodialysis device (g) for dialysis desalting. This device (g) has 8 cells each consisting of a bipolar membrane, an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane, and an effective membrane area of 10 dm 2
I used the one. The operating conditions are: solution temperature 30-35
℃, current density 9.3A / dm 2 , membrane surface circulation velocity 5cm / sec, salt circulation line conductivity was 40,000μs / cm. The KOH solution regenerated in the alkaline line was recovered in the alkaline tank (h) and a part of it was reused as a circulating solution for the alkaline line (2). The HF solution regenerated in the acid line is
It was recovered in the acid tank (i), and a part of it was reused as a solution for neutralization treatment and circulation of the acid line (3).
The solution desalted in the salt line was reused as an input solution to the salt circulation line.
その結果、220AHの電気量でアルカリラインから224g/
のKOH、酸ラインから80g/のHFを再生回収することが
できた。電流効率は70%であった。As a result, with an electric quantity of 220 AH, 224 g /
It was possible to regenerate and recover 80 g / HF from KOH and acid lines. The current efficiency was 70%.
(発明の効果) 本発明は、以上説明したように、従来のCa置換法による
廃液の処理方法における問題点を全て解消し得るもので
ある。即ち、本発明は、アルカリの回収率がほぼ100%
であって、Ca置換法の場合の約50−60%に比較して極め
て高く、また、Ca置換法による廃液の処理方法の場合で
はCaF2として廃棄されるために回収不可能であったフッ
素分を、再利用できるHF溶液として全て回収することが
できる。即ち、廃液中のフッ化物及びアルカリ成分は再
利用できるアルカリ及びHF溶液として全て再生回収する
ことができる。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention can solve all the problems in the conventional waste liquid treatment method by the Ca substitution method. That is, according to the present invention, the recovery rate of alkali is almost 100%.
However, it was extremely high compared to about 50-60% in the case of the Ca substitution method, and in the case of the waste liquid treatment method by the Ca substitution method, it was not recovered because it was discarded as CaF 2. All of the fraction can be recovered as a reusable HF solution. That is, the fluoride and alkali components in the waste liquid can be regenerated and recovered as reusable alkali and HF solutions.
また、Ca置換法による廃液の処理方法におけるような大
量の水で希釈しながら廃棄しなければならない溶液、及
び、水分等の作用によりF-として溶出する可能性がある
CaF2のスラッジのような産業廃棄物を生じることなく、
廃液処理ができるので、環境汚染の問題点が全くない。Also, a solution that must be discarded while diluting with a large amount of water as in the method of treating waste liquid by the Ca replacement method, and may be eluted as F − due to the action of water and the like.
Without producing industrial waste such as CaF 2 sludge
Since waste liquid can be treated, there is no problem of environmental pollution.
従って、省資源、環境保全の面に優れた廃液処理ならび
に廃液からのアルカリ及びHF溶液の再生回収処理が出来
るようになる。Therefore, it becomes possible to perform waste liquid treatment which is excellent in terms of resource saving and environmental protection, and regeneration and recovery treatment of alkali and HF solutions from the waste liquid.
第1図は本発明に係るバイポーラ膜と陰イオン交換膜及
び陽イオン交換膜を組み合わせてなるイオン交換膜電気
透析装置の構成主要部の概念図、第2図は実施例におけ
るKF−KOH廃液の処理方法のフローシートを示す図であ
る。 (1)……塩ライン、(2)……アルカリライン (3)……酸ライン、(4),(5)……電極 B……バイポーラ膜 C……陽イオン交換膜 A……陰イオン交換膜 (a)……濾過器、(b)……中和タンク (c)……活性炭吸着塔、(d)……活性炭処理液槽 (e)……キレート樹脂槽、(f)……塩タンク (g)……バイポーラ膜と陰イオン交換膜及び陽イオン
交換膜を組み合わせてなるイオン交換膜電気透析装置 (h)……アルカリタンク、(i)……酸タンク (j)……工業用水濾過器FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of the main constituents of an ion-exchange membrane electrodialysis apparatus that is a combination of a bipolar membrane, an anion-exchange membrane and a cation-exchange membrane according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a KF-KOH waste liquid in an example. It is a figure which shows the flow sheet of a processing method. (1) ... Salt line, (2) ... Alkaline line (3) ... Acid line, (4), (5) ... Electrode B ... Bipolar membrane C ... Cation exchange membrane A ... Anion Exchange membrane (a) …… Filter, (b) …… Neutralization tank (c) …… Activated carbon adsorption tower, (d) …… Activated carbon treatment liquid tank (e) …… Chelate resin tank, (f) …… Salt tank (g): Ion-exchange membrane electrodialysis device that combines a bipolar membrane with an anion-exchange membrane and a cation-exchange membrane (h) ... alkali tank, (i) ... acid tank (j) ... industrial Water filter
Claims (2)
性のフッ化物廃液を、フッ酸の添加により中和処理を
し、油類の除去処理をした後、キレート樹脂による金属
イオンの吸着除去処理をし、ついでバイポーラ膜と陰イ
オン交換膜及び陽イオン交換膜を組み合わせてなるイオ
ン交換膜電気透析装置により、アルカリとフッ酸とに分
離して再生回収することを特徴とする金属イオンおよび
油類を含有するアルカリ性のフッ化物廃液の処理方法。1. An alkaline fluoride waste liquid containing metal ions and oils is neutralized by adding hydrofluoric acid to remove oils, and then adsorbed and removed by a chelate resin. Then, with an ion exchange membrane electrodialysis device that combines a bipolar membrane, an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane, metal ions and oils characterized by being separated and regenerated and recovered into alkali and hydrofluoric acid. A method for treating an alkaline waste liquid containing alkali.
フッ酸の一部であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
1項記載の金属イオンおよび油類を含有するアルカリ性
のフッ化物廃液の処理方法。2. The alkaline fluoride containing metal ions and oils according to claim 1, wherein the hydrofluoric acid added to the waste liquid is a part of the recovered hydrofluoric acid. Waste liquid treatment method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62290876A JPH07112559B2 (en) | 1987-11-18 | 1987-11-18 | Method for treating alkaline fluoride waste liquid containing metal ions and oils |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62290876A JPH07112559B2 (en) | 1987-11-18 | 1987-11-18 | Method for treating alkaline fluoride waste liquid containing metal ions and oils |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01130783A JPH01130783A (en) | 1989-05-23 |
| JPH07112559B2 true JPH07112559B2 (en) | 1995-12-06 |
Family
ID=17761648
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62290876A Expired - Fee Related JPH07112559B2 (en) | 1987-11-18 | 1987-11-18 | Method for treating alkaline fluoride waste liquid containing metal ions and oils |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07112559B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2472718C1 (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-01-20 | Виталий Владимирович Варцов | Method of cleaning alkaline effluents of oil processing |
| CN103787523A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-05-14 | 四川顺应金属材料科技有限公司 | Process for processing hydrometallurgy wastewater through bipolar membrane |
| CN105731611A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-07-06 | 北京京润环保科技股份有限公司 | Method for injecting H<+> to solution and H<+> injection device and application |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2720061B1 (en) * | 1994-05-20 | 1996-08-02 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Process for upgrading an acidic liquid effluent containing heavy metals. |
| CA2199723A1 (en) * | 1994-09-15 | 1996-03-21 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Process for treating an aqueous kf waste stream and for converting kf into hf and koh |
| US5853555A (en) * | 1997-04-03 | 1998-12-29 | Sachem, Inc. | Synthesis of onium hydroxides from onium salts |
| US6482305B1 (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2002-11-19 | Archer-Daniels-Midland Company | Electrodialysis water splitting process |
| JP4925687B2 (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2012-05-09 | 株式会社アストム | Recovery method of high purity inorganic acid |
| CN115718382A (en) | 2018-01-25 | 2023-02-28 | 瑞尔D斯帕克有限责任公司 | Reflective optical stack for privacy display device |
-
1987
- 1987-11-18 JP JP62290876A patent/JPH07112559B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2472718C1 (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-01-20 | Виталий Владимирович Варцов | Method of cleaning alkaline effluents of oil processing |
| CN103787523A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-05-14 | 四川顺应金属材料科技有限公司 | Process for processing hydrometallurgy wastewater through bipolar membrane |
| CN105731611A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-07-06 | 北京京润环保科技股份有限公司 | Method for injecting H<+> to solution and H<+> injection device and application |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01130783A (en) | 1989-05-23 |
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