JPH07113262B2 - Tile, its construction method and tile panel - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a tile, and more particularly to a tile that can be easily and stably finished in a short period of time, a method for constructing the tile, and a tile panel.

<< Conventional Technology >> In recent years, the number of tiles on the exterior wall of buildings has been increasing.

The method of tiling is to apply a base mortar to the wall and tile it, stacking, crimping,
Wet construction methods such as mosaic tiling and adhesion, and a base material that has a dovetail groove and hook shape for fixing tiles on the surface, and dovetails and hook shapes that fit into the dovetail groove and hook shape on the back surface. There is a dry method in which the existing tiles are fitted and fixed.

There are two types of tiles, one is a wet manufacturing method in which clay is extruded, the other is a dry manufacturing method in which powdery kneaded clay is put into a mold and pressure molding is performed, and a casting method is used. The surface and shape of the tile have a soft taste, and the tile produced by the dry process has the characteristic of feeling hardness and accuracy.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> However, in the wet method, it takes time and labor to apply mortar to the base material to form tiles, and the construction accuracy such as tile joints and surface smoothness is Because it is largely due to the feeling of, the skill is required, and the high construction cost and the shortage of skilled personnel are also big problems. Further, in general, it is necessary to provide a protrusion (so-called dovetail) having a tip with a widened end as much as possible in order to enhance adhesion with a mortar and prevention of peeling on the back surface of the tile such as an outer wall. However, tiles having such large dovetails are limited to the wet manufacturing method because of problems in the manufacturing method, and the tiles produced by the dry manufacturing method cannot be used, resulting in high cost and the designability is limited. . Furthermore, in the construction, since it is difficult for mortar etc. to wrap around the soles of the dovetails of the tiles, a high degree of skill is required. In this case, the stability of the bonding is lost and the thick and heavy tiles cannot be applied. In the dry method, there is a method in which a hook-shaped plate for fixing tiles is attached to the lower ground of the wall and the tile provided with a key is hung on the above-mentioned mounting plate. In order to provide the hook portion for hanging on the back surface of the tile, the wet manufacturing method must be used, which makes the design property limited and expensive. Further, since the fixing of the mounting plate is performed by bolts, screws, etc., the work is often difficult, and there is a drawback that it is difficult to firmly fix the tile to the base material.

Further, in recent years, for the purpose of shortening the construction period of the outer wall construction, etc., a construction method of assembling the panel manufactured in the factory on the spot has been adopted, and a construction method for attaching tiles to it has been proposed (JP Patent 62-253859). However, this method requires the work of fixing the tile to the wall surface by fitting the dovetail of the tile into the dovetail groove made in the base material and tightening it with a tie rod or the like. Has a drawback that it is limited to the wet method.

Therefore, as a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, the inventors of the present invention have filled an adhesive agent into at least the groove portion of a base material having a continuous or discontinuous groove portion on the surface, and then dovetail on the back surface. By having the convex portion of the tile having a concave portion in the peripheral portion adjacent to the convex portion inserted into the groove portion of the base material and adhesively fixed, easily, stably and excellently in a short period of time. The inventors have found that the wall surface can be finished, and that the construction period in the field can be further shortened by manufacturing the wall surface in advance, and thus the present invention has been achieved.

Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide a tile that can be easily and smoothly fixed to an adhesive surface with an adhesive.

It is a second object of the present invention to provide a tile construction method that requires no special skill, can significantly shorten the construction period, eliminates variations in adhesive performance, and improves adhesive strength. It is in.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a tile panel that is easy to manufacture and can shorten the on-site construction period.

<< Means for Solving the Problems >> The above-described various objects of the present invention include providing a back surface with at least one or more dovetail-free convex portion and providing a concave portion in a peripheral portion adjacent to the convex portion. Construction of a tile characterized in that the tile is characterized by filling the groove portion of a base material having a continuous or discontinuous groove portion on the surface with an adhesive, and inserting the convex portion of the tile into the groove portion and adhering and fixing. The method and the tile panel obtained by the method of applying the tile.

Hereinafter, the tile of the present invention, its construction method, and the tile panel will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 (b), (c) and (d) are perspective views of the tile of the present invention. 2 (a) is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1 (b), and FIG. 2 (b) is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1 (b). is there. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the tile construction method or tile panel of the present invention.

In this figure, the case where a tile having a concave portion in the peripheral portion adjacent to the convex portion is used as the tile is shown.

FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are perspective views of a base material used in the tile construction method or tile panel of the present invention.

In the figure, reference numeral (1) is a tile having a convex portion (2) without a dovetail on the back surface and further having a concave portion in the peripheral portion adjacent to the convex portion, if desired. It is possible to use tiles produced by any of the above methods. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), at least one convex portion (2) may be provided, and when the size of the tile is two-piece flat as shown in FIG. 1 (d), it may be four. it can.

Reference numeral (3) is a concave portion appropriately provided in the peripheral portion adjacent to the convex portion (2) of the tile. By providing the concave portion (3), when the convex portion (2) of the tile (1) is inserted into the groove portion of the base material described later, the surplus adhesive overflowing from the groove portion is received in the concave portion (3). Therefore, the flatness of the finished product can be made particularly good.

The shape and the like of the recess may be arbitrary, but as shown in FIG.
As shown in (d), it is preferable that the convex portion (2) is formed so that it is deepest at a position adjacent to the convex portion (2) and is shallowly inclined toward the peripheral portion of the tile. Further, the inclination of the concave portion (3) is such that the longitudinal side of the convex portion (2) is shallow as shown in FIG.
It is preferable to make the both end sides deep so that the excess adhesive can be evenly dispersed in the recesses (3).

Reference numeral (5) is a base material having a groove portion (6) whose surface is continuously grooved. As a matter of course, this groove processing may be discontinuously provided only in a portion necessary for inserting the convex portion (2) of the tile as shown in FIG. 4 (b). The base material (5) is made of an inorganic base material such as calcium silicate board, slag cement board or the like, a metal base material such as an anticorrosion treated iron plate or an aluminum board, or a wood material such as plywood or wood chip cement board. A known material such as an organic base material having a waterproof layer, a mixture layer composed of cement and a foamed synthetic resin-based lightweight aggregate formed on a base plate-shaped substrate can be appropriately selected and used. As a specific example of these, for example, a construction in which a waterproof layer made of synthetic resin emulsion, synthetic rubber latex or the like is formed on a wood-based plate-like substrate, and then a mixture layer made of cement or pulverized polystyrene resin is formed. The base material can be used (Japanese Patent Publication Sho 58-
No. 47545).

Reference numeral (7) is an adhesive for adhesively fixing the convex portion (2) of the tile (1) to the groove portion (6) of the base material (5). The adhesive (7) can be appropriately selected and used from known ones such as synthetic resin adhesives, synthetic rubber adhesives, and inorganic adhesives such as cement. For example, a groove (6 ) Can be filled so as to be flush with the surface of the base material (5). In this case, the adhesive is
It is preferable to color it to the same color as the base agent, and the adhesive can be rubbed evenly with a spatula / trowel etc. to make the coating amount constant easily, and after adhesion if necessary. It is also possible to fill the joint material with a joint material to a desired depth. If the surface of the base material is pre-painted with a joint color, the finish will be excellent without filling the joint material.

<< Operation >> A method of constructing a tile according to the present invention having the above-described configuration will be described.

First, the groove (6) of the base material (5) is filled with the adhesive (7).

Next, the convex portion (2) of the tile (1) is inserted into the groove portion (6) of the base material (5). In the present invention, the base material (5)
Even if the adhesive (7) filled in is overflowed, the surplus adhesive (7) can be received by the recess (3).
The adhesive (7) does not overflow into the joints around the tiles, and the smooth surface of the joints can be used as the joints. Moreover, since the state of being in close contact with the surface of the base material (5) can always be maintained, the tile surfaces are easily aligned. Further, since the tile (1) is installed along the groove portion (6) of the base material (5), the joint (1) has good jointing. Therefore, the work can be easily performed without requiring a skilled worker, and the finishing accuracy is good.

Further, if the tile panel is manufactured in the factory by the above-mentioned construction method, the number of man-hours on the site can be reduced, which can contribute to the shortening of the construction period.

<< Effect >> As described above in detail, by using the tile of the present invention, the method for installing the tile, and the tile panel, the positioning of the tile can be easily performed even by an amateur, and the tile can be installed excellently. Further, since the surplus adhesive transfer place (recess) is provided on the back surface of the tile, the tile can be installed flush with each other, and an excellent deep joint design can be obtained without requiring joint treatment.

Furthermore, the construction of the adhesive surface is performed by fitting the groove portion of the base material and the convex portion of the tile together with the adhesive, and as a result, the adhesiveness of the tile can be improved and the tile can be peeled off. In addition, the construction can be performed stably without using the tile panel, and particularly when the factory-produced tile panel is used, the construction period can be further shortened.

Further, since the convex portion on the back surface of the tile does not require a dovetail shape or a hook shape, there is no selectivity in the manufacturing method of the tile, and as a result, the range of selection such as the use part of the tile, the design, and the price is expanded.

<< Examples >> Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1. Width 910 mm, length 1820 mm, thickness 7.5 mm after applying a synthetic resin emulsion on a structural plywood to form a waterproof layer, a foamed polystyrene resin pulverized product and cement having a thickness of 15 mm A mixture layer was formed and a concave continuous groove having a width of 12 mm and a depth of 5.2 mm was formed on the surface to prepare a base material.

On the other hand, a tile having a convex portion without a dovetail as shown in FIG.

Next, after filling an elastic mastic adhesive (Bond MPX manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd.) into the continuous groove of the base material with a caulking gun, the convex portion of the tile is pressed into the groove to bond the tile onto the base material. After fixing and curing for 10 days in an atmosphere at a temperature of 20 ° C and a humidity of 60%, both the smoothness of tiles and the joint joint were satisfactory.

Next, using the peel strength tester (Tokyo Test Machine Mfg. Co., Ltd.) for the tiles after the above-mentioned construction, the peel strength test was carried out at a tensile load speed of about 1 mm / min. The result was 7.1 kg / cm ^2, which is sufficiently strong. It was confirmed that it was adhered to.

Example 2. The tile was adhered and fixed to the base material in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the groove of the base material was two and the convex portion of the tile was two. As in the case, it was extremely good.

Furthermore, the result of a peel strength test conducted under the same conditions as in Example 1 was 7.5 kg / cm ² , and the adhesiveness was even better than in the case of Example 1.

Comparative Example 1. A 910 mm wide, 1820 mm long, 7.5 mm thick structural plywood was coated with a synthetic resin emulsion to form a waterproof layer, and then a 15 mm thick expanded polystyrene resin ground product and cement were used. A base material was prepared by forming a mixture layer.

Then, after applying the elastic mastic adhesive on the tile base material, a commercially available tile having dovetails is adhered and fixed on the base material, and cured at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 60% for 10 days. When it was carried out, it was difficult to obtain the smoothness of the tile, and the jointability was poor and the workability was extremely poor.

Further, in the same manner as in Example 1, using a peel strength tester (Tokyo Test Machine Mfg. Co., Ltd.), a peel strength test of the tile after the construction was performed under a condition of a tensile load speed of about 1 mm / min. kg / cm
^{Was 2} .

From the results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples above, the construction method using the tile of the present invention is superior to the conventional construction method in all points of workability, finished design and peel strength. Was confirmed.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 (b), (c) and (d) are perspective views of the tile of the present invention. 2 (a) is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1 (b), and FIG. 2 (b) is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1 (b). is there. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the tile construction method or tile panel of the present invention. FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are perspective views of a base material used in the tile construction method or tile panel of the present invention. 1 ... tile 2 ... convex part 3 ... concave part 5 ... base material 6 ... groove part 7 ... adhesive

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Mitsuo Kamata 827-1, Fukura Ko, Minamitan-cho, Mihara-gun, Hyogo (56) Reference JP 61-270452 (JP, A) JP 1-158161 (JP, A) ) Actual Development Sho 59-111233 (JP, U)

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A tile characterized in that it has at least one dovetail-free convex portion (2) on its back surface and a concave portion (3) in a peripheral portion adjacent to the convex portion (2). 2. The tile (1) according to claim 1, wherein an adhesive (7) is filled in the groove (6) of the base material (5) having a continuous or discontinuous groove (6) on the surface. A method for constructing a tile, characterized in that the convex portion (2) of (1) is inserted into the groove portion (6) and fixed by adhesion. 3. The surface of the base material (5) excluding the groove (6) is coated with a joint color, and then the groove (6) is filled with an adhesive (7) to form a convex portion (1) of the tile (1). The method according to claim 2, wherein 2) is inserted into the groove portion (6) of the base material (5) and fixed by adhesion. 4. An organic base material in which the base material (5) is an inorganic base material, a metal base material, or a wood-based plate-like substrate, on which a mixture layer consisting of a waterproof layer, cement and a foam synthetic resin lightweight aggregate is formed. The method for constructing a tile according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the tile is installed. 5. A tile (1) having a convex portion (2) having at least one dovetail on the back surface and a concave portion (3) in the peripheral portion adjacent to the convex portion (2), and a front surface. A tile panel comprising a base material (5) having continuous or discontinuous groove portions (6) in which a convex portion (2) of the tile (1) is formed in a groove portion (6) of the base material (5). A tile panel characterized by being bonded and fixed by a filled adhesive (7). 6. The tile panel according to claim 5, wherein the base material is a base material having a joint color coating applied to the entire surface except the groove (6). 7. An organic base material in which the base material (5) is an inorganic or metal base material or a wood-based plate-like substrate on which a mixture layer consisting of a waterproof layer, cement and a foam synthetic resin lightweight aggregate is formed. The tile panel according to claim 5, wherein the tile panel is any one of the following.