JPH07113997B2 - Road Survey Bay System - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Object of the Invention (Industrial field of use) The present invention is directed to a parent installed outdoors using, for example, power usage data of each electric device placed indoors using a distribution line. The improvement of the load survey system that collects by machine.

(Prior Art) There is a load survey system as a means to measure the power consumption status of each electric equipment installed indoors, and this system connects the main unit to the outdoor distribution line, while The slave unit (load survey meter) is connected to the device and the power consumption of each electric device is measured for each slave unit. Then, the master unit has a function of collecting the usage data obtained by each slave unit by superimposing it on the waveform of the power supply applied to the distribution line.

However, if such a system is installed in offices or rental stores, in these offices or rental stores, the breaker of the distribution board or the intermediate switch connected between the distribution board and the electric device in the daytime Although they are all closed, the breakers and intermediate switches of the distribution board are often opened by omitting intermediate switches for specific electric devices at night. Therefore, electric power is not supplied to each electric device, so that the usage data of each slave device cannot be sent to the master device at night.

Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, the parent device constantly polls each child device, and when the power supply is restored by closing the breaker or intermediate switch of the distribution board, the child device There is one that sends a polling signal to collect usage data.

However, in such a method, the polling signal must always be superimposed on the supply power waveform, and the quality of transmission of usage data, etc. depends on transmission conditions such as the impedance of the distribution line and the generation of noise from other equipment. There is a problem that they are easily affected. Furthermore, if constant polling is performed, it may be affected by noise and cause malfunctions in usage data transmission, and the line impedance may be too small to detect usage data. This will increase the chances of causing disability.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) Therefore, with the above-mentioned usage amount data collection method, usage amount data cannot be collected at night, and the transmission quality may be deteriorated or other devices may be affected. There is a problem such as.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a load survey system capable of reliably collecting usage amount data without constantly polling even when power supplied to a slave unit is cut off. To do.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving Problems) The present invention relates to each child for measuring the usage amount of each device for a supply power waveform on which a calling signal applied to a distribution line by a parent device is superimposed at a calling time. In a load survey system in which the parent device collects the usage data sent back to the child device and returned from the child device, means for detecting the restoration of power supply to the child device and superimposing a power restoration signal on the supplied power waveform. A means for calculating the time limit of the usage amount data to be collected this time of the slave unit from the usage amount data up to the previous time of the slave unit that has sent the power restoration signal, when the master unit receives the power restoration signal. Means for transmitting the supplied power waveform on which the data request signal for requesting the calculated time-of-use data is superimposed to the slave unit that has transmitted the power supply restoration signal regardless of the calling time, and the data required. It was assumed and means for receiving the desired usage data sent back from the corresponding slave unit based on the signal.

(Operation) With the provision of such means, when the power supply to the slave unit is cut off and then the power supply is restored, a power supply restoration signal is sent from the slave unit to the master unit. Upon reception of the power supply return signal, the parent machine calculates the time limit of the usage data to be collected this time of the child machine from the usage data up to the previous time of the child machine which sent the power supply return signal. A data request signal for requesting the calculated usage data for the time period is transmitted to the child device that has transmitted the power supply restoration signal. The slave unit that has received the data request signal sends the usage data for the time period requested by the master unit, if any, to the master unit. As a result, the usage data recorded in the slave during the period when the power supply is cut off is returned to the master and collected in the master.

(Example) Hereinafter, one example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a load survey system. The main unit 2 is connected to the outdoor M of the low-voltage distribution line 1 wired to each customer, and the indoor N is connected via the distribution board 3 to each electric device 4 such as a television, an air conditioner, and a refrigerator. -1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4 are connected. The distribution board 3 is composed of a main breaker 3-1 and sub breakers 3-2, 3-3, 3-4, 3-5. And this distribution board 3 and each electric equipment 4-1,4-2,4-
Branch circuits 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4 between 3, 4-4 are connected to slave units 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4. There is. These slave units 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4 are electric devices 4-
The amount of electric power used in 1 to 4-4 is measured and stored for each time period,
It has a function of receiving a calling signal from the base unit 2 and sending the usage data together with the time limit data to the base unit 2. Furthermore, these slave units 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4 have
The distribution board 3 cuts off the power supply to the electric devices 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4. After that, when the power supply is restored, this restoration is detected and the power supply restoration signal is sent. It has a function of sending to the machine 2. The specific structure is as shown in FIG. That is, 10 is a branch circuit line 5-1, 5-2, 5-3,
5-4 are plug blades connected to each other, and 11 is a plug receiving blade into which each power plug 12 of each electric device 4-1 to 4-4 is inserted. These plug blades 10 and 11 are The conductors 13 are connected to each other. A current transformer (CT) 14 that obtains a current signal proportional to the consumption current and a power sensor unit 15 are connected to the conductor 13, and the power sensor unit 15 outputs a pulse train signal corresponding to the amount of power used. Has become. Then, this pulse train signal is sent to the counter 17 through the frequency dividing circuit 16, and the count value is obtained as the amount of power used. A carrier injection transformer 19 is connected to the lead wire 13, and a carrier transmitter 21 and a carrier receiver 22 are connected to the carrier injection transformer 19 via an input / output interface 20. Then, the ringing signal or the like received by the carrier wave receiving unit 22 is sent to the main control unit 18, and the usage amount data or the like is sent from the carrier wave sending unit 21 according to an instruction from the main control unit 18. . Further, the cordless handsets 6-1 to 6-4 are provided with a power failure recovery detector 23. This power failure detection unit 23 has a function of detecting the power state applied to the conductor 13, and when the power supply is cut off and then restored, the rising of the power is detected at the time of this restoration and a restoration detection signal is sent to the main control unit 18. It is a thing. By the way, the main control unit 18 receives the time signal from the timer 24, reads the count value of the counter 17 at each time period, stores the count value in the memory 25 as the usage amount data at each time period, and receives the call signal from the master unit 2. In this case, it has a function of sending the usage amount data to the carrier wave transmission unit 21, and further has a function according to the flow chart at the time of restoration shown in FIG. That is, when the return detection signal is received, the addresses set in the handset units 6-1 to 6-4 are sent to the carrier wave transmission unit 21 as a power source return signal. Is a function of reading out and transmitting to the carrier wave transmission unit 21. In addition, the slave unit address setting unit 26 is provided for each slave unit 6-1 to 6-
4 peculiar address is set.

On the other hand, the master unit 2 receives a power return signal in addition to the function of transmitting a calling signal at a predetermined time, for example, 1:00 at night to collect usage data from each of the slave units 6-1 to 6-4. At times, it has a function of transmitting a data request signal to the slave units 6-1 to 6-4 that have transmitted the power supply return signal and collecting usage amount data of the slave units. The specific structure is as shown in FIG. That is, a carrier injection transformer 30 is connected to the low-voltage distribution line 1, and a carrier transmission unit is further connected to the carrier injection transformer 30 via the input / output interface 31.
32 and the carrier wave receiver 33 are connected. And then
The usage amount data received by the carrier wave receiving unit 33 is the main control unit.
On the other hand, the main controller 34 transmits a calling signal and the like from the carrier wave transmitter 32. The main control unit 34 has a function of transmitting a data request signal to the slave units 6-1 to 6-4 which have transmitted the power supply restoration signal when receiving the power supply restoration signal in accordance with the restoration collection flow chart shown in FIG. have. The calling signal is configured to be transmitted upon receiving the data collection activation signal from the timer 35, and the received usage data is configured to be stored in the memory 36. Further, in the slave unit address code setting section 37, respective addresses of the slave units 6-1 to 6-4 are set. Further, the parent device 2 is provided with a connector 39 for connecting the recorder 38. Further, the connector 39 is provided with a data transmission interface 40 and a data output control section 41 for collecting the used amount data stored in the memory 36 to the recorder 38.

Next, the operation of the system configured as described above will be described. In the daytime, if each breaker 3-1 to 3-5 of the distribution board 3 is closed and electric power is supplied to each electric device 4-1 to 4-4, in each cordless handset 6-1 to 6-4. Power sensor unit 15
Calculates power consumption from the load voltage and current consumption applied to the conductor 13, and sends out a pulse train signal corresponding to this power consumption. This pulse train signal is frequency-divided by the frequency dividing circuit 16 and sent to the counter 17, where it is counted.
Here, a time signal (for example, 1
Every time) is taken in, the main control unit 18 takes in the count value of the counter 17 at this time and stores it in a predetermined area of the memory 25 as usage data for each time period, and at the same time, the time data is stored in the memory 25. Remember. In this way, the slave units 6-1 to 6-4 are connected to the electric devices 5-1 to 5-1.
The power consumption data 5-4 is stored for each time period.

Now, the usage amount data of each of the slave units 6-1 to 6-4 is collected as follows. When the call time set in the timer 35 of the master unit 2 in step s1 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 5 is reached, a data collection start signal is sent from the timer 35 to the main control unit 34 in steps s3 and s4, and this data collection start is started. The main control unit 34 that has received the signal sends a calling signal to the carrier wave transmission unit 32 in step s4. The calling signal indicates the child device 6-1 and includes the address of the child device 6-1. The configuration of this calling signal is "1" or "0" depending on whether or not a signal of a predetermined frequency is superimposed on the waveform of the power supplied to the low voltage distribution line 1.
Each of the above bits indicates two bits in one cycle of the supplied power, and has a total of about 80 bits. Then, this calling signal is superimposed on the supply power waveform and sent to the respective slave units 6-1 to 6-4, and the carrier injection transformers of the respective slave units 6-1 to 6-4.
19, carrier wave receiver 22 through input / output interface 20
Will be received at.

At this time, each of the slave units 6-1 to 6-4 determines in step e1 whether or not there is a power failure by looking at the signal from the power failure recovery detector 23. Here, if it is not in the power failure state, the call signal is received in step e2, whereby the main control unit 34 compares the address included in this call signal with the address set in the slave unit address code setting unit 26 and matches them. The main controller
Step 18 shifts to step e3 to read the usage amount data stored in the memory 25 and send it to the carrier wave transmission unit 21. That is, in this case, only the child device 6-1 sends the usage amount data. Note that this usage data is approximately 80
It is composed of bits and is superimposed on the supply power waveform.

As a result, the usage data can be stored in the carrier injection transformer of the base unit 2.
Carrier wave receiver 33 through input / output interface 31
It is received by and is taken in by the main control unit 34. Then, the main control unit 34 stores the usage amount data received in step s5 in a predetermined area of the memory 36. After this, the main control unit
In step s6, 34 determines whether or not the call to all the slaves 6-1 to 6-4 is completed. Since it is not completed here, the process proceeds to the next step s7 and the call signal to the slave 6-2 is sent. To the carrier wave transmission unit 33. As a result, in the same manner as the usage amount data collection operation in the child device 6-1, the child device 6-2
Usage data is collected. And then step s
The operation of 5, s6, s7 is continued and all the slave units 6-1 to 6-
Usage data for 4 are collected and stored in memory 36.

However, if the usage amount data is collected when the sub-breaker 3-2 of the distribution board 3 is open at night, the usage amount data of the child device 6-1 is not collected. Therefore, in the memory 36 of the master unit 2, the slave unit 6-
Usage data up to time 100 for 1 to 6-4 is stored, and usage data for the child device 6-1 is stored up to the last collection operation time. In such a power failure state, the main control unit 18 of the child device 6-1 shifts from step e1 to step e4 and is in a waiting state for restoration of power supply.
Then, for example, when the sub breaker 3-2 is closed at time 6:00, power is supplied to the child device 6-1 and the electric device 4-1. At this time, the power failure recovery detector 23 of the slave unit 6-1 detects the rising of the supplied power and sends a recovery detection signal to the main controller 18. Upon receiving this return detection signal, the main control unit 18 sends the address of the child device 6-1 to the carrier transmission unit 21 as a power supply return signal in step e5. Then, when this power supply return signal is received by the base unit 2, the main control unit 34 of the main unit 34 recognizes from the address of the power supply return signal the slave unit 6-1.
From step s2
At s8, the time limit of the usage data to be collected this time is obtained from the usage data of the child device 6-1 stored in the memory 25. In other words, this time period is from the previous collection time period to time 1:00. Therefore, the main control unit 34 sends the data request signal for this time period to the carrier wave transmission unit 32 in step s9.
As a result, when the data request signal is received in step e6, the child device 6-1 moves to the next step e7 and reads the usage amount data up to time 1:00 from the memory 25 by the instruction of the main control unit 18 to read the data. To machine 2. Thus, the master unit 2 receives the usage amount data from the slave unit 6-1 and stores it in a predetermined area of the memory 36 in step s10. Then, once a month, the recorder 38 is connected to the connector 39 and the usage amount data of the respective slave units 6-1 to 6-4 stored in the memory 36 is collected.

In addition, when a signal such as usage data is superimposed on the supply power waveform, the master 2 and each of the slaves 6-1 to 6-4 do not simultaneously superimpose other signals on the supply power waveform. It operates so as to superimpose a signal by determining when another signal is not superposed on.

As described above, in the above-described embodiment, when the supplied power supply is restored, the power source restoration signals are sent from the child devices 6-1 to 6-4 to the parent device 2, and the parent device 2 sends the power source restoration signal. Since the usage amount data is collected from the slave units 6-1 to 6-4 by transmitting the data request signal to the slave units 6-1 to 6-4, it is not necessary to always send the calling signal. The usage data for the slave units 6-1 to 6-4 that have not been collected due to the power cutoff can be collected by sending the data request signal once. As a result, the usage amount data can be collected at night and in the morning when the supplied power is restored, etc., when the number of used electric devices 4-1 to 4-4 is small, and therefore the influence of noise from other devices is small. The quality can be improved and the influence on other devices can be reduced. In addition, since the usage data is stored together with the time limit data, the child device 6-1
Even if the sub-breakers 3-2 to 3-5 and the like are opened while the usage data is being sent from ~ 6-4, it is possible to collect from the usage data of the uncollected time period and improve the collection efficiency. Further, when the supply power is restored to two or more electric devices, two or more power supply restoration signals are sent at the same time, but since two or more signals are not superimposed on the supply power waveform at the same time, transmission by this It does not happen due to a defect.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and may be modified without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the installation location of the master unit 2 and the slave units 6-1 to 6-4 may be anywhere, whether indoors or outdoors, and the power distribution system is not limited to the single-phase two-wire system. Further, the method of superimposing the ringing signal and the like on the supplied power waveform is not limited to a specific frequency or modulation means. Furthermore, the usage data may be collected not once a day but once a week or once a month at night, especially when data transmission is stable when no other electrical equipment is used. You should do it when you are. Further, instead of collecting the data on the amount of electric power used by each of the electric devices 4-1 to 4-4, it is possible to collect data on the amount used of gas, water, etc.

[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a load survey system capable of reliably collecting usage amount data without constantly polling even when the power supplied to the slave unit is cut off. .

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a load survey system according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a specific configuration diagram of a slave unit in the system of the present invention, FIG. FIG. 4 is a concrete configuration diagram of the master unit in the system of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a recovery flow chart in the master unit. 1 ... Low-voltage distribution line, 2 ... Master unit, 3 ... Distribution board, 4-1 to 4-
4 ... Electric equipment, 6-1 to 6-4 ... Slave unit, 15 ... Power sensor section, 16 ... Frequency divider circuit, 17 ... Counter, 18 ... Main control section, 21 ...
Carrier wave transmitter, 22 ... Carrier wave receiver, 23 ... Power failure recovery detector, 24 ... Timer, 25 ... Memory, 32 ... Carrier wave transmitter, 33 ...
Carrier wave receiver, 34 ... Main controller, 35 ... Timer, 36 ... Memory.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When the calling time arrives, the master unit sends a waveform of the supplied power on which the calling signal applied to the distribution line is superposed to each slave unit measuring the usage amount of each device, and the usage data returned from these slave units. In the load survey system in which the master unit collects the slave unit, the slave unit has means for detecting a restoration of power supply and superimposing a power restoration signal on the supplied power waveform, and the parent unit is the power restoration signal. In response to the request, a means for calculating the time limit of the usage data to be collected this time of the child device from the usage data up to the previous time of the child device which sent the power supply return signal, and the usage data of the calculated time limit are requested. Means for transmitting the supplied power waveform on which the data request signal is superimposed to the slave unit that has transmitted the power restoration signal regardless of the calling time, and returning from the corresponding slave unit based on the data request signal Load survey system characterized by having means for receiving a desired usage data.