JPH07117118B2 - Torque absorber with absorption range setting function - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a torque absorbing device that absorbs torque transmitted in a torque transmission system, and is used, for example, in a door closer for opening and closing a door.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a torque absorbing device using a rolling bearing clutch, there has been proposed a torque absorbing device that can set a limit torque with high accuracy and can absorb a large torque with a small size (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-290619). See the bulletin). However, this torque absorbing device is designed to release the transmitted torque when it exceeds a predetermined value, and does not have a selective torque absorbing function such as absorbing the torque only within a specific rotation angle range. Not prepared.

On the other hand, for example, a door closer used for cushioning a door that automatically closes absorbs torque by utilizing a restoring force of a spring and a viscous resistance of a fluid. Have different characteristics. However, in such a device, since the torque is absorbed over the entire range of the rotation angle, including a region that does not require buffering, there is a problem that the entire rotation operation becomes slow and it takes time to complete the operation. . In addition, there is a problem that the rotation resistance varies depending on the temperature because the device is complicated and large and the fluid resistance is used.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above problems in the prior art and provides a torque absorbing device which is small in size and has a simple structure and which can accurately absorb torque in a required rotation range. This is an issue.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a torque absorbing device in which a plurality of rollers are slanted on a raceway formed by an inner ring and an outer ring, and a track spacing is provided by a biasing means. A rolling bearing clutch portion for biasing the inner ring or the outer ring in a direction to narrow the inner ring or the outer ring, and a movement stop means for stopping the movement of the inner ring or the outer ring in the direction to narrow the distance between the raceways at a predetermined position; A freely supported rotation member, an engagement means for engaging the rotation member with either the inner ring or the outer ring at a predetermined position in the rotation direction of the rotation member so that torque can be transmitted, and the engagement Setting means for setting the means to engage at the predetermined position.

[0006]

[Operation] According to the present invention, the rolling bearing clutch portion and the movement stopping means for stopping the movement of the inner ring or the outer ring in the direction of narrowing the distance between the raceways at a predetermined position are provided.
When the inner and outer races rotate in the clutch direction, the narrowing of the track gap between the inner and outer races due to the relative twist between the inner and outer races due to torque transmission is stopped by a predetermined amount. As a result, the maximum torque transmitted between the inner and outer wheels becomes a torque corresponding to the amount of twist between the inner and outer wheels, that is, a predetermined amount of movement, and no further torque is transmitted. Therefore, when a torque greater than that is applied between the inner and outer wheels, the relative rotation between the inner and outer wheels is prevented from releasing the excessive torque, and the rotation between the inner and outer wheels is not stopped due to the clutch. By such action,
For example, when the present device is used as a door closer for cushioning when the door is closed, by setting the torque of the door closing spring to be equal to or higher than the clutch torque, the door is closed while giving resistance to the door closing. Can be closed to the end.

Next, at a predetermined position in the rotating direction of the rotating member, the rotating member and the inner ring or the outer ring are engaged by the engaging means so that torque can be transmitted, so that the rotating member and the inner and outer rings rotate. The torque up to the maximum torque is transmitted on the rotation side after the predetermined position in the direction. Therefore, for example, if the rotation of the outer ring is fixed and the rotating member and the inner ring are engaged with each other by the engaging means, when the rotating member is rotated, the rotating member does not engage with the inner ring up to a predetermined position in the rotation direction. Therefore, it can rotate freely. After that, when the rotating member is rotated with a torque equal to or larger than the maximum torque, the rotating member rotates by the relative rotation between the inner and outer wheels while receiving the resistance torque corresponding to the maximum torque. In this case, the predetermined position in the rotation direction and the value of the maximum torque are determined according to the object for which the torque absorber is used.

Further, since the setting means for setting the engaging means to engage at the predetermined position is provided, even when the rotating member rotates after engaging with the inner ring or the outer ring at the predetermined position and the engaging position changes. The setting means causes the next engagement to be performed again at the predetermined position. Therefore, in repeated reciprocating rotation, it is possible to always absorb the torque of the rotation after the predetermined position.

[0009]

[Examples] FIG. 1 shows the overall structure of a torque absorber according to an embodiment. In this torque absorbing device, a plurality of rollers 3 are inclinedly arranged on a raceway 4 formed by an inner race 1 and an outer race 2, and a disc spring 5 as a biasing means narrows the raceway distance in the inner race 1.
A rolling bearing clutch portion for urging the bearing, and a thrust bearing 6, a stopper ring 7, and an adjusting ring 8 as movement stopping means for stopping the movement of the inner ring 1 in a direction in which the distance between the raceways 4 is narrowed at a predetermined position. The shaft 9 and the inner ring 1 are rotatably supported as a rotating member and engaging means for engaging the shaft 9 and the inner ring 1 at a predetermined position in the rotational direction so as to transmit torque. It is provided with attached pins 10 and 11, and pins 12 and 13 attached to the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 and a mainspring 14 as setting means for setting these pins to engage at predetermined positions in the rotational direction. .

The inner ring 1 and the shaft 9 are rotatably fitted together, but as described above, the pins 10 and 11 rotate integrally with the shaft 9 from a predetermined position in the rotational direction. The outer ring 2 is integrally formed with the housing 15 of the torque absorber.
The rollers 3 have a cylindrical or conical shape, and a position between the rollers 3 is held by a retainer 16. The disc spring 5 urges the inner ring 1 via a thrust bearing 17. By adjusting the inclination angle of the adjusting ring 8 with the adjusting screw 18, the stopper ring 7 is brought into contact with the convex portion (not shown) at the central position of the adjusting ring 8 to adjust its axial position,
The amount of axial movement of the inner ring 1 is set. The shaft 9 is rotatably supported by a bearing 19 attached to the housing 15 and the inner ring 1, and has a coupling portion 9a at one end side.
On the other end side, the cover 2 fixed to the housing 15
A mainspring 21 is attached between 0 and 0. The mainspring 21 rotates the shaft 9 in one direction. However, the mainspring 21 may be provided on the target device side or may be omitted depending on the target to which the torque absorbing device is attached. The housing 15 includes a mounting flange portion 15a on one end side and a flange portion 15b for mounting the mainspring 21 on the other end side.

Inner ring 1 constituting the rolling bearing clutch portion
The raceways 1a and 2a of the outer ring 2 are single-leaf rotating hyperboloids obtained by rotating the hyperbola shown in the following equation around the central axis 1b. yi ² / ai ² −xi ² / bi ² = 1 yo ² / ao ² −xo ² / bo ² = 1

Here, x _i and x _o are distances from the origin of the inner ring raceway surface 1a and the outer ring raceway surface 2a in the direction of the central axis 1b, and y _i and y _o are arbitrary cross sections including the central axis 1b. The distances from the central axis 1b of the inner ring raceway surface 1a and the outer ring raceway surface 2a at, and ai, bi, ao, and bo are constants. Now, the distance from the central axis 1b to the center of the raceway 4 on the reference surface (the origin surface of the hyperbola) on the small diameter side of the inner and outer rings is F, the radius when the roller 3 is cylindrical and the inclination angle is β.
As an example, when F = 9, r = 1.5, and β = 15 °, the values of ai, bi, ao, and bo are about,
It becomes 7.5, 30.7, 10.5 and 36.2. By making the inner-outer ring raceway surface such a single-lobed rotating hyperboloid, the roller is wound between the inner-outer ring within a length (about 2 to 3 times the diameter of the roller) where the roller acts as a wedge. When the clutch is engaged, it makes a perfect linear contact, and functions as a rolling bearing clutch.

FIG. 2 is a view seen from the direction of the central axis 1b in FIG. 1, and shows the arrangement and operation of the pins 10 to 13 which are an example of the engaging means and the setting means. In Figure 1, pin 1
Although 0 to 13 are shown on one surface, in reality, they are arranged as shown in FIG. 2, for example. As shown in FIG. 3A, for example, a door 100 is attached to the connecting portion 9a of the shaft 9, and when the shaft 9 rotates in the closing direction of the door 100 in the same direction, the pin 10 rotates to a predetermined position. It hits the set pin 11, and thereafter the pin 10 and pin 1 are rotated by the rotation of the door.
1 and 1 are engaged with each other to rotate integrally.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2B, the pin 12 attached to the inner ring 1 rotates about the center O in the same manner as the pin 11 also attached to the inner ring 1, and is closed by the pin 10 together with the door. However, when the door moves in the opening direction, it is released from the movement of the door and the pin 10. Then, as shown in FIG. 1, since the inner ring 1 is biased in the opening direction of the door by the mainspring 14 hung between the inner and outer rings,
The pin 12 moves in the opening direction together with the inner ring 1. However, pin 1
Since the pin 3 is installed at the position shown in the figure, the pin 12 comes into contact with the pin 13 and is held at the first predetermined position. As a result, the position of the pin 11 is also held, and the position is set again to the predetermined position. Such a predetermined position of the pin 11 is, for example, at an angle of 30 degrees from the fully closed position of the door when the torque absorber is used as a buffer for opening and closing the door.

In the above description, the case in which the engaging means and the setting means are devices using a pin and a mainspring has been described. However, as such a mechanism, a torsion spring other than the mainspring is used, or a cam or the like is used. A known mechanism may be used.

In FIG. 3, the shaft 9 and the inner ring 1 in FIG. 1 rotate clockwise when viewed from the upper side, and the rotation of the inclined roller 3 moves the inner ring 1 from the upper side to the lower side, so that the space between the tracks 4 is narrowed. The relationship between the amount of movement and the twist angle and the torque transmitted between the inner and outer races is shown. Assuming that the moving amount of the inner ring 1 starting to rotate to the lock side and moving to the predetermined position is δ ₁ , the torque absorbed between the inner and outer rings at that time is T ₁ as shown in the figure. For example, when the torque absorbing device is used for the door as in the previous example, the torque T ₁ is set to W when the kinetic energy of the door is W immediately before the door is closed and the pin 10 hits the pin 11 to absorb the torque. The torque may be such that the kinetic energy W can be almost absorbed by the time it is closed. Thus, for example, during this period of the angle to 30 degrees, the torque T ₁ may be close to the torque value calculated by the formula _{W = 1/2 · T 1} · π / 6 = πT 1/12. And
A predetermined position in the axial direction of the stopper ring 7 is set so that the torque T is obtained. That is, the outer ring 2 is screwed in, and the stopper ring 7 is positioned so that the outer ring 2 is stopped at the position where it is moved in the direction in which the space between the tracks 4 is narrowed by δ ₁ (corresponding to the twist angle α ₁ ) shown in the figure. To do.

Since the torque transmitted between the inner and outer races is generated by the wedge action due to the rolling of the rollers 3, the amount of movement of the outer race 2 is different from the case of a normal torque limiter that depends on solid or fluid friction. It is a stable torque that is determined according to. Therefore, according to the present torque limiter, it is possible to accurately set the torque to be absorbed.

With the above structure, the torque absorbing device operates as follows. For the sake of concrete description, the present device is used for cushioning a door, the coupling portion 9a of the shaft 9 is attached to the rotation center on one end side of the door, and the flange portion 15a of the housing 15 is attached to a fixed portion such as a wall. And

When the door 100 shown in FIG. 2 is opened from the closed position C to the open position A, the door 100, the shaft 9 and the pin 10 rotate as a unit, but the pin 10 and the pin 11 do not engage with each other. 100 is opened independently of the rolling bearing clutch part. Therefore, at this time, only the closing torque of the mainspring 21 acts on the door 100, and the door can be opened lightly. When the door 100 is opened, the urging force of the pin 11 in the closing direction by the pin 10 is released. Therefore, the inner ring 1 is rotated in the door opening direction by the urging force of the mainspring 14, and the pin 12 contacts the pin 13. As a result, the rotation is stopped, the position of the inner ring 1 is determined, and the pin 11 is set at a predetermined position.

If the door 100 is left open after being opened to the position A, the door is automatically closed by the urging force of the mainspring 21 via the shaft 9. At this time, the pin 10 also rotates together with the shaft 9, but from the open position of A to a predetermined position B in the rotational direction, the pin 1
0 and pin 11 do not engage. Therefore, the door 100 quickly rotates in the closing direction without receiving any resistance torque.
When the door 100 rotates to the B position, which is a predetermined position, the pin 10 engages with the pin 11, and the inner ring 1 is rotated 30 degrees from this position to the fully closed position C. The rotation direction of the inner ring 1 is a direction in which the inner ring and the outer ring are locked, the inner ring 1 moves in the axial direction, and the inner ring and the outer ring are in a clutch state. But inner ring 1
Is stopped at a predetermined position by the stopper ring 7, so that the inner ring 1 continues to rotate while absorbing the torque T between the fixed outer ring 2 and the inner and outer rings. On the other hand, when the door 100 comes to the position B, the door 1 is moved due to its rotation speed and weight.
00 has a considerable amount of kinetic energy W, but since the resistance torque T ₁ acts from this time until the door is fully closed, the kinetic energy of the door is absorbed. as a result,
The door closes quickly from the full opening to a predetermined position in the direction of rotation, then decelerates, and finally closes quietly, following an ideal closing process. And, unlike the case where this device is not provided, neither shock nor noise is generated. Further, the door can be closed more quickly than the conventional hydraulic opening / closing device.

In the above description, the case where the present torque absorbing device is mounted on the door has been described, but it goes without saying that the present device is not limited to this application.
The present invention can be applied to all machines and the like that require torque absorption within a certain range in torque transmission, and is also applicable to, for example, a motorcycle suspension device.

In the above description, the inner ring is on the drive side and the outer ring is on the fixed side. However, depending on the machine to which this device is applied, the outer ring is on the drive side and the inner ring is on the fixed side. The configuration may be adopted. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the inner ring is movable in the axial direction, but it is also possible to fix the axial position of the inner ring and move the outer ring in the axial direction.

[0023]

As described above, according to the present invention, by partially utilizing the torque absorbing function of the rolling bearing clutch, it is possible to accurately absorb the torque in the required rotation range with a small and simple structure. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a torque absorbing device according to an embodiment.

2 (a) and 2 (b) are explanatory diagrams of a relationship between opening / closing of a door and torque absorption.

FIG. 3 is a torque curve diagram with respect to an inner ring movement amount of the above device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Inner ring 2 Outer ring 3 Roller 4 Orbital 5 Disc spring (biasing means) 7 Stopper ring (movement stop member) 9 Shaft (rotating member) 10 pin (engaging means) 11 pin (engaging means) 12 pin (setting means) 13 pin (setting means) 14 mainspring (setting means)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rolling bearing clutch unit, wherein a plurality of rollers are arranged in an inclined manner on a raceway formed by an inner ring and an outer ring, and biasing means biases the inner ring or the outer ring in a direction to narrow the raceway intervals. A movement stopping means for stopping the movement of the inner ring or the outer ring in a predetermined position in a direction in which the space between the tracks is narrowed; a rotation member rotatably supported; and a rotation member at a predetermined position in the rotation direction of the rotation member. An engaging means for engaging the rotating member with the inner ring or the outer ring so that torque is transmitted; and setting means for setting the engaging means to engage at the predetermined position. A torque absorption device characterized by.