JPH07118372B2 - Snow melting heater - Google Patents
Snow melting heaterInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07118372B2 JPH07118372B2 JP62194382A JP19438287A JPH07118372B2 JP H07118372 B2 JPH07118372 B2 JP H07118372B2 JP 62194382 A JP62194382 A JP 62194382A JP 19438287 A JP19438287 A JP 19438287A JP H07118372 B2 JPH07118372 B2 JP H07118372B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polyethylene film
- snow
- snow melting
- heater
- gel fraction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、降雪、積雪の多い地方の建築物の屋根上に積
もった雪を、迅速、安全に、且つ、効率良く屋根上から
除去するための融雪用ヒーターに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention removes snow accumulated on a roof of a snow-covered, snow-covered rural building from the roof quickly, safely, and efficiently. The present invention relates to a snow melting heater.
従来、北陸、東北、北海道地方などの多雪或いは豪雪地
帯では、家屋の倒壊を防ぐため、特に、降雪期間の後半
に入って、屋根の雪下ろしをすることが当然のこととな
っていた。しかし、これに要する人手、経費は一冬で相
当なものとなり、特に、近年では人手不足が深刻であ
り、慣れない人或いは老人などが無理をして除雪作業を
行い、事故が起こることも多くなっている。このため、
屋根表面近傍を暖房廃熱或いは融雪のために特別に設け
られた熱源から得られる熱によって暖めることにより融
雪して除雪する方法或いは線状、箔状の抵抗体を内蔵す
る発熱体を屋根表面に取り付け、通電して発熱させるこ
とにより融雪して除雪する方法などが提供されている。In the past, in order to prevent the collapse of houses in the heavy snowfall areas or heavy snowfall areas such as Hokuriku, Tohoku, and Hokkaido regions, it has been natural to remove the snow from the roof especially in the latter half of the snowfall period. However, the labor and cost required for this are considerable in one winter, and in particular, the labor shortage is serious in recent years, and an unfamiliar person or an old person is forced to remove snow and an accident often occurs. Has become. For this reason,
A method to remove snow by melting snow by heating the vicinity of the roof surface with heating waste heat or heat obtained from a heat source specially provided for snow melting or a heating element with a built-in linear or foil-shaped resistor on the roof surface There is provided a method of removing snow by melting snow by mounting and energizing to generate heat.
抵抗体を内蔵する発熱体としても種々のものが提案され
ている。しかし、それらは何れも構造が複雑であって高
価であり、運転に要する費用も多大なものであり、広く
使用される状況には到っていない。Various types of heating elements incorporating a resistor have been proposed. However, each of them has a complicated structure and is expensive, and the cost required for operation is also great, so that they are not widely used.
本発明は、前記の従来の発熱体の欠点を改良した、構造
が簡素であって安価であり、運転が簡便な融雪用ヒータ
ーに関する。The present invention relates to a snow melting heater, which has a simple structure, is inexpensive, and is easy to operate, which has improved the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional heating element.
即ち、本発明は、板状体表面に高架橋ポリエチレンフィ
ルムを巻き、該高架橋ポリエチレンフィルムの表面に、
直径が0.2〜0.5mmの金属細線を１〜3mmの間隔で螺旋状
に巻き、金属細線上に低架橋ポリエチレンフィルムを巻
き、加熱、押圧し、降温後板状体を取り除き、更に加
熱、押圧して得られる金属細線を内蔵した発熱シートの
両面に、未架橋ポリエチレンフィルム及び高架橋ポリエ
チレンシートをこの順に重ね合わせ、加熱、加圧して一
体化することにより得られる融雪用ヒーターに関する。That is, the present invention, a highly cross-linked polyethylene film wound on the surface of the plate-like body, the surface of the highly cross-linked polyethylene film,
A thin metal wire with a diameter of 0.2 to 0.5 mm is spirally wound at intervals of 1 to 3 mm, a low-crosslinking polyethylene film is wound on the thin metal wire, heated and pressed, and after the temperature is lowered, the plate-like body is removed and further heated and pressed. The present invention relates to a snow melting heater obtained by superposing an uncrosslinked polyethylene film and a highly crosslinked polyethylene sheet on both sides of a heat generating sheet having a metal thin wire built therein, and heating and pressurizing them to integrate them.
本発明の融雪用ヒーターは、製造方法及び構造が非常に
簡素、簡便であり、機械的強度が大であって取り扱いが
極めて容易である。ヒーターの大きさ、金属細線の密度
なども容易に変えることができ、自然環境に合わせて効
率良く融雪、除雪することができる。The snow melting heater of the present invention has a very simple and simple manufacturing method and structure, has high mechanical strength, and is extremely easy to handle. The size of the heater and the density of the fine metal wires can be easily changed, and snow melting and snow removal can be efficiently performed according to the natural environment.
建築物の軒先部分には暖房の廃熱も行き渡らず、屋根界
面では雪が凍り付き、この凍り付いた雪が障害物とな
り、上方の雪の融解、落下を妨げ、除雪の大きさ障害と
なっているため、本発明の融雪用ヒーターはこの軒先部
分に載置され使用される。屋根の大きさ、構造によって
複数のヒーターを必要箇所に載置し、任意個数を並列に
接続することにより、通常の家庭用電源によって運転す
ることができる。Since the waste heat of heating does not reach the eaves of the building, snow freezes at the roof interface, and this frozen snow becomes an obstacle that prevents the snow from melting and falling above it, which is an obstacle to the size of snow removal. The snow melting heater of the present invention is placed and used on the eaves portion. Depending on the size and structure of the roof, a plurality of heaters may be placed at required locations, and an arbitrary number of heaters may be connected in parallel to operate with a normal household power supply.
以下に図面によって本発明の融雪用ヒーターを詳しく説
明する。The snow melting heater of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
第１図は、本発明の融雪用ヒーターの断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the snow melting heater of the present invention.
第１図に於いて、１は本発明の融雪用ヒーター、２は高
架橋ポリエチレンフィルム、３は金属細線、４は低架橋
ポリエチレンフィルム、５は未架橋ポリエチレンフィル
ム、６は高架橋ポリエチレンシートである。In FIG. 1, 1 is a heater for snow melting of the present invention, 2 is a highly crosslinked polyethylene film, 3 is a metal fine wire, 4 is a low crosslinked polyethylene film, 5 is an uncrosslinked polyethylene film, and 6 is a highly crosslinked polyethylene sheet.
高架橋ポリエチレンフィルム２、低架橋ポリエチレンフ
ィルム４、未架橋ポリエチレンフィルム５及び高架橋ポ
リエチレンシート６は、低密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポ
リエチレン、線状低密度ポリエチレン或いはエチレン−
酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン−アクリル酸エステル共
重合体などの樹脂を、通常のインフレーション成形法或
いはＴ−ダイ成形法によって成形することにより製造さ
れ、各架橋フィルム或いはシートは、これに更に電子
線、α−線、β−線、γ−線、紫外線などを照射して架
橋することにより得られる。The high-crosslinked polyethylene film 2, the low-crosslinked polyethylene film 4, the uncrosslinked polyethylene film 5 and the high-crosslinked polyethylene sheet 6 are low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene or ethylene-
It is produced by molding a resin such as a vinyl acetate copolymer or an ethylene-acrylic acid ester copolymer by a usual inflation molding method or a T-die molding method, and each crosslinked film or sheet further has an electron beam. , .Alpha.-rays, .beta.-rays, .gamma.-rays, ultraviolet rays and the like to obtain crosslinks.
金属細線３を直接挟持するフィルムのうち内側のフィル
ムとなる高架橋ポリエチレンフィルム２は、厚みが50〜
300μｍ、架橋度（ゲル分率）が45〜65％の範囲である
ものが好ましい。ゲル分率が45％未満であると通電によ
る発熱のため、フィルムが溶融劣化して、金属細線同士
が接触即ち短絡する恐れがある。ゲル分率が65％を越え
る場合は、加熱、押圧による外側のフィルム（低架橋ポ
リエチレンフィルム）との接着が不充分となり好ましく
ない。The highly cross-linked polyethylene film 2 which is an inner film among the films for directly sandwiching the thin metal wires 3 has a thickness of 50 to
It is preferably 300 μm and the degree of crosslinking (gel fraction) is in the range of 45 to 65%. If the gel fraction is less than 45%, the film may melt and deteriorate due to heat generation due to energization, and the metal fine wires may come into contact with each other, that is, short-circuit. When the gel fraction exceeds 65%, the adhesion to the outer film (low cross-linked polyethylene film) due to heating and pressing is insufficient, which is not preferable.
金属細線３を直接挟持するフィルムのうち外側のフィル
ムとなる低架橋ポリエチレンフィルム４は、厚みが50〜
300μｍ、架橋度（ゲル分率）が15〜35％の範囲である
ものが好ましい。ゲル分率が15％未満では、長期に渡る
通電加熱によって劣化する恐れがあり、ゲル分率が35％
を越える場合は、高架橋ポリエチレンフィム２及び未架
橋ポリエチレンフィルム５との接着性が低下するため好
ましくない。The low cross-linked polyethylene film 4, which is the outer film of the film that directly sandwiches the thin metal wire 3, has a thickness of 50 to
It is preferably 300 μm and the degree of crosslinking (gel fraction) is in the range of 15 to 35%. If the gel fraction is less than 15%, it may deteriorate due to heating for a long time, and the gel fraction is 35%.
If it exceeds, the adhesiveness to the highly crosslinked polyethylene film 2 and the uncrosslinked polyethylene film 5 is deteriorated, which is not preferable.
高架橋ポリエチレンフィルム２と低架橋ポリエチレンフ
ィルム４によって金属細線３を挟持してなる発熱シート
を保護するための高架橋ポリエチレンシート６は、厚み
が0.5〜3mm、架橋度（ゲル分率）が45〜65％の範囲であ
るものが好ましい。この発熱シートを保護するための高
架橋ポリエチレンシート６は、片面が屋根と直接接触
し、他面が環境に曝されるものであるため、機械的強度
が大であり、耐候性、耐摩耗性などが優れた材料からな
るものが好ましい。The highly crosslinked polyethylene sheet 6 for protecting the heat generating sheet in which the thin metal wire 3 is sandwiched between the highly crosslinked polyethylene film 2 and the lowly crosslinked polyethylene film 4 has a thickness of 0.5 to 3 mm and a degree of crosslinking (gel fraction) of 45 to 65%. The range of is preferable. The highly cross-linked polyethylene sheet 6 for protecting the heat generating sheet has a large mechanical strength because one side is in direct contact with the roof and the other side is exposed to the environment, and has high weather resistance, abrasion resistance, etc. It is preferable to use a material having excellent
上記のゲル分率とは、試料（架橋ポリエチレンフィルム
或いはシート）を、キシレン中に入れて、約10時間、約
130℃の温度で還流しながら溶解させ、キシレンに溶解
しなかった試料の重量（Ag）を、使用した全試料の重量
（Bg）で除して得られた値を100倍した値である。The gel fraction mentioned above means that the sample (crosslinked polyethylene film or sheet) is put into xylene, and the time is about 10 hours.
It is a value obtained by multiplying the value obtained by dividing the weight (Ag) of the sample which was not dissolved in xylene by refluxing at the temperature of 130 ° C. by the weight (Bg) of all the samples used, by 100 times.
ゲル分率＝（A/B）×100 （％） 高架橋ポリエチレンフィルム２と低架橋ポリエチレンフ
ィルム４とに挟持された金属細線３は、直径が0.2〜0.5
mm、特に好ましくは0.3〜0.5mm程度である断面形状が円
形或いは楕円形である金属線、特に銅線或いは銅合金線
がその発熱性及び柔軟性の点に於いて最適である。Gel fraction = (A / B) × 100 (%) The fine metal wire 3 sandwiched between the high-crosslinked polyethylene film 2 and the low-crosslinked polyethylene film 4 has a diameter of 0.2 to 0.5.
A metal wire having a circular or elliptical cross-sectional shape, particularly about 0.3 to 0.5 mm, particularly a copper wire or a copper alloy wire is most suitable in terms of heat generation and flexibility.
又、金属細線３の配列は、その間隔が約１〜3mm、特に
好ましくは１〜2mm程度であるものが、金属細線３の近
接による短絡の恐れが小さく、且つ、ヒーター表面全体
に渡って均一な発熱、昇温が可能であって好ましい。In addition, the arrangement of the thin metal wires 3 having an interval of about 1 to 3 mm, particularly preferably about 1 to 2 mm is less likely to cause a short circuit due to the proximity of the thin metal wires 3, and is uniform over the entire heater surface. It is preferable because it can generate heat and temperature.
次に、本発明の融雪用ヒーターの製造方法の一例を説明
する。Next, an example of the method for manufacturing the snow melting heater of the present invention will be described.
縦40cm、横40cm、厚さ2mmのアルミニウム板の表面にポ
リ四フッ化エチレンの布を巻き、その上に厚さ200μ
ｍ、ゲル分率55％のエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体（酢
酸ビニル含量:3％、MI:3.5g/10分）フィルムを巻き、そ
の上に直径0.35mmの銅線を約2mmの間隔で螺旋状に巻き
付ける。この銅線の上に厚さ200μｍ、ゲル分率25％の
エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体（酢酸ビニル含量:3％、
MI:3.5g/10分）フィルムを巻き、そのままの状態でホッ
トプレスにより、温度150℃、圧力10kg/cm2、時間５分
間の条件で加熱、押圧し、室温で放冷後、アルミニウム
板及びポリ四フッ化エチレンの布を取り除き、更に、ホ
ットプレスにより、温度150℃、圧力10kg/cm2、時間５
分間の条件で加熱、押圧し、発熱シートを作成する。Wrap a polytetrafluoroethylene cloth around the surface of an aluminum plate measuring 40 cm in length, 40 cm in width, and 2 mm in thickness, and then 200 μ in thickness.
m, gel fraction 55% ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (vinyl acetate content: 3%, MI: 3.5 g / 10 min) film is wrapped, and a 0.35 mm diameter copper wire is placed at intervals of about 2 mm. Wrap it in a spiral. On this copper wire, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer with a thickness of 200 μm and a gel fraction of 25% (vinyl acetate content: 3%,
(MI: 3.5 g / 10 min) Wrap the film, hot press it as it is under the conditions of temperature 150 ° C, pressure 10 kg / cm 2 , time 5 minutes, press and let it cool at room temperature. Remove the polytetrafluoroethylene cloth, and then hot press it at a temperature of 150 ℃, pressure of 10kg / cm 2 for 5 hours.
Heat and press under the condition of a minute to create a heat generating sheet.
この発熱シートの両面に、厚さ200μｍの未架橋のエチ
レン−酢酸ビニル共重合体（酢酸ビニル含量:3％、MI:
3.5g/10分）フィルム及びその上に更に厚さ0.8mm、ゲル
分率55％の高密度ポリエチレン（密度:0.953g/cm3、MI:
2.0g/10分）シートを巻き、ホットプレスにより、温度1
50℃、圧力5kg/cm2、時間３分間の条件で加熱、押圧
し、本発明の融雪用ヒーターを製造する。An uncrosslinked ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a thickness of 200 μm (vinyl acetate content: 3%, MI:
3.5g / 10min) film and further high density polyethylene with 0.8mm thickness and 55% gel fraction (density: 0.953g / cm 3 , MI:
(2.0g / 10min) Wrap the sheet and hot press the temperature 1
The heater for snow melting of the present invention is manufactured by heating and pressing under the conditions of 50 ° C., pressure 5 kg / cm 2 , and time 3 minutes.
上記の如くして製造した融雪用ヒーターは、面積が約0.
16m2であり、電気抵抗は約15オームとなる。この融雪用
ヒーターに環境温度23℃で50Vの電圧を印加したとこ
ろ、約10分で60℃以上の表面温度となった。又、環境温
度−15℃の場合は約10分で30℃以上の表面温度となっ
た。The snow melting heater manufactured as described above has an area of about 0.
It is 16m 2 and has an electrical resistance of about 15 ohms. When a voltage of 50 V was applied to this snow melting heater at an ambient temperature of 23 ° C, the surface temperature of 60 ° C or higher was reached in about 10 minutes. When the ambient temperature was -15 ° C, the surface temperature exceeded 30 ° C in about 10 minutes.
〔発明の効果〕 本発明の融雪用ヒーターは、構造が非常に簡素であり、
機械的強度が大きく取り扱いが極めて容易であると共に
耐熱性、耐候性に優れ、長期間安定した発熱性能が発揮
される。又、ヒーター面積、金属細線の密度も広い範囲
で容易に可変可能であり、自然環境に応じてヒーターの
大きさ、個数、印加電圧などを変えて、効率良く屋根上
の積雪を融雪、除去できる。[Effect of the Invention] The snow melting heater of the present invention has a very simple structure,
It has high mechanical strength, is extremely easy to handle, has excellent heat resistance and weather resistance, and exhibits stable heat generation performance for a long period of time. Also, the heater area and the density of thin metal wires can be easily changed within a wide range, and the size, number, and applied voltage of the heater can be changed according to the natural environment to efficiently melt and remove snow on the roof. .
第１図は、本発明の融雪用ヒーターの断面図である。 1:融雪用ヒーター 2:高架橋ポリエチレンフィルム 3:金属細線 4:低架橋ポリエチレンフィルム 5:未架橋ポリエチレンフィルム 6:高架橋ポリエチレンシート FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the snow melting heater of the present invention. 1: Snow melting heater 2: Highly crosslinked polyethylene film 3: Fine metal wire 4: Low crosslinked polyethylene film 5: Uncrosslinked polyethylene film 6: Highly crosslinked polyethylene sheet
Claims (1)
リエチレンフィルムを巻き、該高架橋ポリエチレンフィ
ルムの表面に、直径が0.2〜0.5mmの金属細線を１〜3mm
の間隔で螺旋状に巻き、金属細線表面にゲル分率が15〜
35％の低架橋ポリエチレンフィルムを巻き、加熱、押圧
し、降温後板状体を取り除き、更に加熱、押圧して得ら
れる金属細線を内蔵した発熱シートの両面に、未架橋ポ
リエチレンフィルム及びゲル分率45〜65％の高架橋ポリ
エチレンシートをこの順に重ね合わせ、加熱、加圧して
一体化することにより得られる融雪用ヒーター。1. A highly crosslinked polyethylene film having a gel fraction of 45 to 65% is wound on the surface of a plate-like body, and a metal thin wire having a diameter of 0.2 to 0.5 mm is provided on the surface of the highly crosslinked polyethylene film to 1 to 3 mm.
It is wound spirally at intervals of, and the gel fraction is 15-
A 35% low cross-linked polyethylene film is wound, heated and pressed, the plate is removed after cooling, and further heated and pressed. A heater for snow melting obtained by stacking 45-65% highly cross-linked polyethylene sheets in this order and heating and pressing to integrate them.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62194382A JPH07118372B2 (en) | 1987-08-05 | 1987-08-05 | Snow melting heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62194382A JPH07118372B2 (en) | 1987-08-05 | 1987-08-05 | Snow melting heater |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6438988A JPS6438988A (en) | 1989-02-09 |
| JPH07118372B2 true JPH07118372B2 (en) | 1995-12-18 |
Family
ID=16323669
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62194382A Expired - Lifetime JPH07118372B2 (en) | 1987-08-05 | 1987-08-05 | Snow melting heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07118372B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5380988A (en) * | 1992-04-29 | 1995-01-10 | Dyer; C. William | Heated mat structure for melting ice and snow |
| JP6439120B2 (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2018-12-19 | 株式会社 シリコンプラス | Snow melting solar panel |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58829B2 (en) * | 1978-02-28 | 1983-01-08 | 日東電工株式会社 | Manufacturing method of sheet heating element |
| JPS5550592A (en) * | 1978-10-06 | 1980-04-12 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd | Method of manufacturing plane heating element |
| JPH0135890Y2 (en) * | 1984-10-22 | 1989-11-01 |
-
1987
- 1987-08-05 JP JP62194382A patent/JPH07118372B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6438988A (en) | 1989-02-09 |
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