JPH07119166B2 - Disease control method for dicotyledonous plants by hypocotyl inoculation with symbiotic microorganisms and cuttings - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a technique for controlling diseases at the growth stage of dicotyledonous plants, and in particular to the disease control by establishing and proliferating symbiotic microorganisms having an antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria in dicotyledonous plant tissues in a natural form. Regarding control methods.

[0002]

[Prior art and its problems] Vegetables have been shipped all year round in recent years, and have been cultivated in continuous cropping. Along with this, continuous cropping failure due to soil diseases and the like has become a serious problem in terms of production stability. As a means for solving this continuous cropping disorder so far, soil disinfection with a chlorpicrin agent or a methyl bromide agent, breeding of resistant varieties, and graft cultivation on resistant cultivated rootstocks have been carried out. However, soil disinfection is not only expensive, but also has problems such as toxicity to humans and animals, and adverse effects on the environment. In addition, resistant varieties have a problem that it takes about 10 years and much labor to grow.
Furthermore, grafting cultivation has many problems to be solved, such as doubling the labor cost of seeds and raising seedlings, and at the production site, the development of new technologies to replace these is currently desired.

On the other hand, various biological control means utilizing microorganisms having antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria have been tried in various countries around the world. Certainly, useful microorganisms having some activity against pathogenic bacteria can be easily separated from soil or plants. However, when the useful microorganisms are directly added to diseased soil or sprayed on plants, the effect of controlling the disease hardly appears. The reason is that useful microorganisms are not stable in soil or plants. For this reason, attempts have been made to adsorb useful microorganisms to a carrier and stabilize them in soil, and to produce useful microorganisms that are stabilized in plants by improving pathogens. The pest control effect is the soil disinfection, the breeding of resistant varieties, the development of resistant cultivars, and the rootstock of the resistant varieties, because they have the drawback that the specificity is ignored, the function is not fully exerted, and the cultivation environment and ecosystem are ignored. It is in the present situation that it is far from grafting cultivation to.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is based on the conventional situation as described above, and is basically based on the standpoint of biological control, and a symbiotic microorganism having an antibacterial activity against a pathogenic bacterium is used as a dicotyledon in a natural form. Established in plant tissue, a method for controlling disease by propagating and proliferating, more specifically, inoculation of a symbiotic microorganism from the hypocotyl of a young seedling, which is an undifferentiated tissue of a dicotyledonous plant, and inoculation of the inoculated seedling, By raising seedlings, symbiotic microorganisms are settled and proliferated in the dicotyledonous plant tissue to promote growth in diseased soil and prevent disease infection.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems (Concept) In order to achieve the above object, the method for controlling disease of dicotyledonous plant of the present invention is based on the following concept. That is, the present inventors, as a result of the research so far, that the healthy tissue of the plant is in a sterile state except some plants, cyclamen, sweet potato, corn, such as konjak as an exceptional plant, but It has been found that the seeds themselves of these fungal plants are in a sterile state and, after germination, the cotyledons expand to trap microbes from their hypocotyls and become germinated. Therefore, it is an idea to apply the phenomenon that the microorganism is trapped from the hypocotyl to other plants as a means of colonizing the symbiotic microorganism in the plant tissue. (Method of Obtaining Symbiotic Microorganisms) Next, symbiosis having antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria involved in the present invention
The method of obtaining microorganisms is described. The present invention is pathogenic
How to establish (symbiotic) unsustainable microorganisms in plant tissues
It is a patent and the microorganisms used to practice the invention must be specified.
It doesn't matter. Plants in which microorganisms have settled in the tissue (symbiosis)
Growth and disease depending on the types of colonized microorganisms
In contrast, three different types of promotion, neutrality, and suppression, respectively
The reaction appears. However, it has a specific purpose for a specific plant.
When carrying out the present invention with, by the following method,
Specific symbiotic microorganisms can be easily obtained. Sweet potatoes and cyclamen with bacteria in the tissue
And then cultivate it by a conventional method.
More easily obtained. Microorganisms obtained by this method
Promotes growth or is neutral to neutral microbes and diseases.
Then, suppressed or neutral microorganisms are obtained. Plants for carrying out the present invention are sown to develop cotyledons to true leaves 3
Cut from the hypocotyl that has grown up to the number of sheets, insert this and propagate the trees
After this, the strain is ground and then separated and cultivated by a conventional method.
It can be obtained by feeding
No. 259915 filed a patent with the same inventor
Exist). Preservation strain facility of Tochigi Agricultural Experiment Station under the control of the applicant
Can be easily obtained from (The Tochigi Agricultural Experiment Station is a public organization.
Yes, and because it does not patent microorganisms, unspecified
Available to practitioners). Microorganisms can be easily obtained from the inventor.
Not allowed). Enter the following numbers of symbiotic bacteria from the Patent Microorganism Depositary Center
To hand. 11625, 11626, 11627, 116
28, 11029, 11630, 13742, 1374
3, 13744, 13745, 13746, 1374
7, 13748, 13740, 13750, 1375
1. These are endosymbiotic microorganisms.

(Structure) First, a dicotyledonous plant seedling is cut from the middle of its hypocotyl, which is an undifferentiated tissue. Then, the cut seedlings are immersed and inoculated in a suspension of a symbiotic microorganism having an antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Then, this is cut and transplanted to a pot or the like to raise seedlings, or it is directly cut into diseased soil and grown. As a result, the symbiotic microorganisms are settled in the tissues of dicotyledonous plants, and the antibacterial action due to the growth thereof makes it possible to exterminate pathogenic bacteria. And, the symbiotic microorganisms having antibacterial activity against the pathogenic bacteria in the above, cyclamen, sweet potato, strawberry, Birstequera, Dendrobium, Vanda, Miltonia, cattleya, symbidium, such microorganisms coexisting in disease-free tissues, the isolated microorganisms. Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, Ervinia
rwinia), Bacillus, actinomycetes, and coryneform bacteria, which are strains deposited at the Patent Microorganism Depositary Center
What is used.

[0007]

Example (1) First, as a precondition for carrying out the present invention, each part of the tomato seedlings (side bud, stem, hypocotyl) is cut and immersed in a symbiotic microorganism suspension for 12 hours to sufficiently remove symbiotic microorganisms. After inoculation, cutting was performed and seedlings were grown in a nursery box. The grown seedlings were treated with 70% ethanol for 1 minute and 1 part of mercuric chloride.
After surface sterilization at 000 times for 1 minute, the cells were ground in 1% peptone water, and re-isolation of symbiotic microorganisms from the tissue was tried using broth agar medium. As a result, as shown in Table 1, the hypocotyl inoculation section was re-isolated at a high rate, but was not re-isolated from each site except the hypocotyl.

[0008]

[Table 1]

[0009] By the way, the hypocotyls of tomato seedlings that have germinated and developed cotyledons (seedlings in the period of about 2 true leaves after cotyledon development) were cut at the middle, and the re-isolated symbiotic microorganisms floated. After soaking in the liquid for 12 hours and inoculating the symbiotic microorganisms, cuttings were made and grown in a nursery box, and this tomato seedling was transplanted to soil (diseased soil) contaminated with pathogenic bacteria. As a result, as shown in Table 2, it was found that the growth of seedlings was promoted, the seedlings grew normally without being infected with disease, and the wilt disease was controlled.

[0010]

[Table 2]

[0011]

Example (2) Next, as a premise for carrying out the present invention, each site (side buds, stems, hypocotyls) of saplings of Yugao and cucumber is cut and immersed in a symbiotic microorganism suspension for 12 hours to produce a symbiotic coexistence. After sufficiently inoculating the microorganisms, cuttings were made and the seedlings were grown in a nursery box. The grown seedlings were surface sterilized with 70% ethanol for 1 minute and mercuric chloride 1000 times for 1 minute, ground in 1% peptone water, and then re-isolated from the tissue in a broth agar medium. It was As a result, as shown in Tables 3 and 4, the hypocotyl inoculation zone was re-isolated at a high rate, but was not re-isolated from each site except the hypocotyl.

[0012]

[Table 3]

[0013]

[Table 4]

By the way, the midpoints of the hypocotyls of the Yugao and cucumber seedlings that have germinated and expanded the cotyledons (seedlings for a period of about 2 true leaves after the expansion of the cotyledons) are cut off in the middle, and After soaking in the floating liquid for 12 hours, inoculating the symbiotic microorganisms, cutting and growing them in a nursery box, these yugao and cucumber seedlings were transplanted to soil (diseased soil) contaminated with pathogenic bacteria. As a result, as shown in Tables 5 and 6, it was found that the growth of seedlings was promoted, the seedlings grew normally without being infected with disease, and the Fusarium wilt was controlled.

[0015]

[Table 5]

[0016]

[Table 6]

[0017]

[Other Examples] In addition, by carrying out the method of the present invention,
For eggplants of the Solanaceae plant, "half body wilt" (Table 7), for peppers, "Blue wilt" (Table 8), for pumpkins of the Cucurbitaceae plant, and for "melon split disease" ( (Tables 9 and 10), “Brassica radix” of Chinese cabbage, cabbage, and broccoli of cruciferous plants (Table 1
1, 12 and 13), soybeans and legumes of the legumes, "half body wilt" (Tables 14 and 15), spinach of the family Chenopodiaceae, "wilt" (Table 1).
6) It was found that each control effect can be obtained.

[0018]

[Table 7]

[0019]

[Table 8]

[0020]

[Table 9]

[0021]

[Table 10]

[0022]

[Table 11]

[0023]

[Table 12]

[0024]

[Table 13]

[0025]

[Table 14]

[0026]

[Table 15]

[0027]

[Table 16]

[0028]

As described above, the method of the present invention comprises inoculating a symbiotic microorganism having an antibacterial activity against a pathogenic bacterium from a hypocotyl section of a seedling, which is an undifferentiated tissue of a dicotyledonous plant, and cutting the inoculated seedling, Since it aims to control diseases by establishing and proliferating in dicotyledonous plant tissues by raising seedlings, measures against soil diseases having many problems mentioned at the beginning, namely soil disinfection, graft cultivation, and breeding of resistant varieties In addition to the conventional techniques such as inefficient use of useful microorganisms into the soil, spraying plants, adsorbing useful microorganism carriers (carriers) that ignore the cultivation environment and ecosystem, and stabilizing the plant by improving pathogens. It is extremely advantageous because it is possible to overcome the above-mentioned problems and maintain the natural morphology of both the culturing environment and the microorganisms and at the same time economically promote the growth of dicotyledonous plants and prevent disease infection. Note that the present invention has an advantage that it can be applied to short-term growing, growing cell seedlings, and the like.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing the steps of the method of the present invention.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A dicotyledonous plant seedling is cut from the middle of its hypocotyl, which is an undifferentiated tissue, and the cut seedling is dipped and inoculated into a suspension of a symbiotic microorganism having an antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria, and then cut to grow seedlings. Alternatively, a method for controlling a disease of a dicotyledon, which enables the symbiotic microorganisms to settle in the tissue of the dicotyledonous plant by directly cutting and growing the same in a field and controlling the pathogens by an antibacterial action due to the growth thereof. 2. A symbiotic microorganism having an antibacterial activity against a pathogenic bacterium,
Cyclamen, sweet potato, strawberry, Birstequera, Dendrobium, Vanda, Miltonia, Cattleya, Cymbidium, and other microorganisms that coexist in asymptomatic tissues. These microorganisms are isolated from Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas).
as), Xanthomonas,
Erwinia, Bacillus
Ilus), an actinomycete, and a bacterium belonging to a coryneform bacterium.