JPH07119494B2 - Retractable roof - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION << Industrial Application Field >> The present invention relates to a retractable roof suitable for a building in which an athletic stadium, a baseball field, etc. are all weather type.

<< Prior Art >> In general, each of the conventional openable and closable roofs has a laminated structure in which the roofs are stacked in several stages, and these are slidably slid or run to open and close the top of the building.

For example, a method has been adopted in which traveling wheels are mounted on a beam supporting a roof so that a roof member runs on the beam, or the beam is configured to be expandable and contractible, and is moved and opened / closed together with the roof material.

These are designed so that when the movable roof is opened, the areas of the openings are widened by overlapping each other. Similarly, in order to increase the area of the opening, it is also considered that the retractable roof has a folding structure.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> Since the movable roof that constitutes the opening-closing type roof needs to be supported stably in a freely openable and closable manner, there is a drawback that the opening part lacks a feeling of opening when a beam is left in the opening part. .

Further, the folding roof tends to have a complicated roof structure, and there is a problem in the material and durability of the roof membrane.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a retractable roof with a high opening ratio and a minimum opening area when the roof is opened and the beam does not remain in the opening. It is intended to be stored efficiently inside.

<< Means for Solving the Problem >> In order to achieve the above object, the retractable roof of the present invention constitutes a substantially crescent-shaped fixed roof at one end of the outer peripheral wall whose plane is substantially circular, and further, the fixed roof. The roof is divided into left and right diameter line segments that pass from the center of the inner edge of the roof to the other end through almost the center of the circle forming the outer peripheral wall, and at the left and right sides, the inner angle from the outer peripheral edge of the other end, respectively. Of the four curved, substantially triangular roof members obtained by radially separating the center of the, the two roof members that are divided into the left and right sides of the diameter line segment are the two roof members that are divided into the left and right sides of the diameter line segment. A step is vertically provided so as to open, and one roof member close to the diameter line formed by axially connecting the other ends vertically at a position near the outer peripheral edge of the other end and using the connecting point as a rotation axis is a moving roof, The outer peripheral edge of the outer roof member overlapping the movable roof is along the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral wall, A revolving roof that pivotally moves toward the roof together with the rotation axis, and a guide track along the line segment in which the diameter line segment extends on the fixed roof is laid on the fixed roof, and the moving roof is the guide track. At an overlapping point, a guide carriage rotatably pivoted in two universal directions runs on the guide track, and the movable roof is driven by the movement of the revolving roof.

Further, in order to ensure the following of the movable roof, the guide carriage is forcibly guided in the axial direction of the guide rail by a side wall parallel to the guide rail or a wheel flange of the carriage.

For the purpose of simplifying the structure of the swivel roof, when the means for moving the swivel roof along the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral wall is a trolley, and a plurality of wheels in the transverse direction orthogonal to the direction in which the wheels of the trolley rotate and move. When the individual wheels are arranged side by side, the wheels are provided with a difference in wheel diameter that eliminates the difference between the inner wheels that occurs between the outer wheels and the inner wheels.

Furthermore, in order to increase the amount of swivel movement when the swivel roof is opened and increase the aperture ratio, the swivel roof cuts out a corner portion in contact with the movable roof and the fixed roof, and the cutout portion defines the movable roof. It is partially projected and covered. Alternatively, the guide rail for supporting the movable roof in the moving direction is extended and projected to the outside of the outer peripheral wall.

<Operation> When the swivel roof swivels around the circumference of the outer peripheral wall toward the fixed roof, the pivot point that pivotally attaches the swivel roof and the moving roof moves in parallel to the swivel direction of the swivel roof. At that time, the edge of the moving roof that sandwiches the diameter line segment of the outer peripheral wall receives a reaction force in the turning direction of the turning roof and receives a reaction force in the turning direction. Move to overlap. At the same time, the moving roof moves toward the fixed roof along the direction that the guide track on the fixed roof guides, and finally the swiveling roof fits on the fixed roof and overlaps at the same time so that the moving roof is also fixed. Fits towards the roof.

As described above, the swivel roof and the movable roof fit on the fixed roof and open the top of the arena, but when the movable roof and the swivel roof move from the fixed roof to cover the arena top surface, The opposite is true. In this way, by receiving the movement reaction force when the revolving roof moves, the moving direction of the revolving roof that overlaps the revolving roof is utilized by the side wall parallel to the guide path for the revolving roof or the wheel flange, etc. Because the guide line is forcibly guided in the axial direction, the diameter of the outer peripheral wall follows the guide track along the line that passes over the fixed roof, while preventing the force acting in the lateral direction of this guide track from moving. Is guided in a predetermined moving direction.

Furthermore, the revolving roof not only bears the force for moving the moving roof, but also moves the revolving roof along the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral wall in order to partially bear the load of the moving roof via the rotating shaft and the like. When the means is a dolly, the vertical load allowed by the dolly is extremely large, and it is conceivable that a large number of the wheels are arranged side by side as a counter means in the moving direction and in the lateral direction orthogonal to the moving direction. When a plurality of wheels are arranged side by side in the lateral direction orthogonal to, the radius of curvature that moves is always the same, so the differential gear mechanism that eliminates the difference between the inner wheels is omitted, and the outer wheels and the inner wheels, that is, the radius of curvature that moves. The difference in wheel diameter between the smaller and larger wheels is eliminated to eliminate the movement resistance due to the difference between the inner wheels.

When the corners of the swivel roof in contact with the movable roof and the fixed roof are cut out, the amount of movement when the swivel roof swivels into a fixed roof can be increased by the amount of the cutout. Furthermore, when the amount of movement of the swivel roof is increased as above, it is possible that part of the swivel roof or the moving roof may protrude outside the outer peripheral wall. For stable storage, the guide rails that support the moving roof in the moving direction are extended and projected outside the outer peripheral wall to widen the support span of each support point. That is, by extending the moving distance, the instability of storage is eliminated and the aperture ratio is increased.

«Examples» Hereinafter, preferred examples of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a dome roof 1 according to the retractable roof of the present invention. This dome roof 1 has a fixed roof 3 partially constructed on a circular outer peripheral wall 2, a movable roof 4, and a swivel roof. It has a retractable roof consisting of 5.

That is, the fixed roof 3 is formed in a substantially crescent shape that covers one end of the crown space of the outer peripheral wall 2, the outer peripheral edge portion that forms the substantially crescent shape matches the radius of curvature of the outer peripheral wall 2, and the inner peripheral edge portion is It is recessed in the outer peripheral direction of the outer peripheral wall 2. The remaining top space is covered with a moving roof 4 and a swivel roof 5.

From the center point on the outer circumference side of the fixed roof 3 to the center point on the inner circumference side,
Near the upper edge of the diameter line segment of the outer peripheral wall 2, which corresponds to the upper edge of the outer peripheral wall 2 by linearly advancing through a portion not covered by the fixed roof 3,
Moreover, the left and right sides thereof are set as turning points, and a turning shaft 6 is provided on the turning point of the turning roof 5, and the moving roof 4 is rotatably supported by the turning shaft 6. That is, the revolving roof 5 covers the outer peripheral wall 2 side, and the movable roof 4 is pivotally attached to the rotating shaft 6 at the end portion side in contact with the outer peripheral wall 2.

The swivel roof 5 is a triangular shape having a curvature that follows the curvature of the dome roof 1, and the movable roof 4 is a triangular shape with a curved surface that is adjacent to the swivel roof 5 and overlaps the swivel roof 5 on its sides. It has a shape. The movable roof has a tip portion, that is, a convex curved surface that draws an arc along the inner peripheral edge of the fixed roof 3, and is located on the left and right of the diameter line segment of the outer peripheral wall 2. The swivel roof 5 is located outside the movable roof 4.

As a result, the dome roof 1 which is an openable roof covers the top surface of the outer peripheral wall 2 with the fixed roof 3, the movable roof 4, and the swivel roof 5. These movable roof 4 and swivel roof 5 are movably supported by a guide rail that supports these roofs 4 and 5 and a carriage that travels on the guide rails. The turning roof 5 is supported by the turning rail 7 and the turning auxiliary rail 8 provided along the outer peripheral surface of the fixed roof 3. Further, the movable roof 4 is provided with two parallel guide tracks 9 along the diameter line segment of the outer peripheral wall 2 on the fixed roof 3, and the end of the guide track 9 on the side of the movable roof 4 and A rail that guides a bogie provided near the swivel roof 5 that is displaced in the outer direction toward the outside of the outer peripheral wall 2.
We support at 10. A portion where the guide rail 10 extends toward the outside of the outer peripheral wall 2 is supported by a projecting beam 11.

Swivel rail 7 supporting swivel roof 5 on outer peripheral wall 2.
The trolley for traveling the vehicle is the power trolley 12, and the slewing roof 5 is movably moved toward the fixed roof by the traveling force of the power trolley 12. Other trolleys supporting the swivel roof 5 or trolleys supporting the movable roof 4 and traveling on the rails 10 extending to the guide tracks 9 and the overhanging beams 11 are power-less trolleys.

When the moving roof 4 and the swivel roof 5 which are located so as to close the arena portion covered with the dome roof 1 are opened, the power cart 12 is run, and the swivel roof 5 moves along the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral wall 2. The vehicle runs on the swing rail 7 toward the fixed roof 3. At that time, the rotating shaft 6 moves integrally with the movement of the swiveling roof 5, so that the adjacent facing surfaces of the moving roofs 4, 4 that are adjacent to each other with the diameter line segment of the outer peripheral wall 2 sandwiched therebetween are the outer peripheral wall 2. Receives the reaction force of the swiveling roof 5 working toward. As a result, the movable roof 4 is pivotally moved about the pivot shaft 6 so as to overlap the pivot roof 5 as the pivot roof 5 pivots. Thus, the swivel roof 5 and the movable roof 4 finally overlap the fixed roof 3 to open the top surface of the dome.

At that time, the force for converting the force of the movable roofs 4 and 4 pressing each other adjacent to each other into the rotational movement of the movable roof 4 is
However, in this embodiment, the guide track 9 receives it. That is, the guide track 9
The driven guide truck 13 traveling on the side of the outer peripheral wall 2 approaches the diameter line segment,
Moreover, it is provided in the corner portion on the fixed roof 3 side. Further, at the position where the movable roof 4 moves toward the swivel roof 5 along the curvature of the edge portion in contact with the fixed roof 3, the carriage 14 supporting the movable roof 4 travels on the rail 10 to support the movable roof 4. ing.

Furthermore, the swivel roof 5 is a fixed roof 3 and a movable roof 4.
The corner portion in contact with is cut out, and the cutout portion is covered with the movable roof 4. That is, the movable roof 4 projects so as to cover the cutout portion of the revolving roof 5. By forming a cutout portion 15 by cutting out a corner portion at the tip of the swivel roof 5, the above-mentioned corner portion is cut off as shown in FIG. 2 showing the state in which the dome roof 1 is open. The turning movement amount of the turning roof 5 can be increased by the amount corresponding to the cutout portion 15. When the swivel amount of the swivel roof 5 increases, the moving roof 4 moves to the outside of the outer peripheral wall 2 by that amount, and the rail 10 is overhanged so that the moving amount does not increase and the stability of the moving roof 4 deteriorates. 11 Stability is ensured when the moving roof 4 is fully extended above the fixed roof 3 by extending it upward.

Next, the details of each trolley will be shown and described from FIG. 3 onward.

FIG. 3 shows a guide track 9 and a driven guide truck 13 traveling on the guide track 9.
The driven guide carriage 13 is provided for the left and right moving roofs 4, 4 respectively, but since it has a completely symmetrical structure, the driven guide carriage 13 provided on the left movable roof 4 is enlarged in FIG. Is shown. A reinforcing beam 16 is provided on the fixed roof 3 along the axial direction of the guide track 9. Further, roof mounting brackets 17 for mounting the driven guide truck 13 are provided on the rear surfaces of the left and right movable roofs 4, 4, respectively.
17 Face-to-face joint 18 and universal joint 19 below face-to-face joint 18
Is provided. The surface rotary joint 18 supports the universal joint 19 so that it can rotate in a horizontal plane, and the universal joint 19 is vertically stacked on the vertical axis 20 and the horizontal axis 21 by stacking the bracket materials so as to have an allowable size that allows the bracket material to swing vertically. The connecting shaft is attached so as to be swingable in the axial direction and the horizontal axis direction. The base 22 of the vertical guide carriage 13 is attached and fixed to the universal joint 19.

Moreover, side pressure bearing wheels 23, 23 are provided on the outer side surface of the base 22, and are parallel to each other along the guide axis direction of the guide track 9 so as to sandwich the outer side of the guide track 9 and are rectangular from the surface of the fixed roof 3. The side pressure receiving wheel 23 is located inside the side surface 24. That is, the side pressure receiving wheel 23 is pressed by the side wall 24, and the base 22 of the driven guide truck 13 is restrained from being laterally shaken. A sliding member 25 is laterally projected on the inner side surface of the base 22, that is, on the opposite side of the side pressure receiving wheel 23. Therefore, the left and right moving roofs 4, 4 are adjacent to each other and are in contact with each other by the sliding members 25 on the surfaces facing each other. As a result, the moving reaction force received by the moving roof 4 when the swiveling roof 5 makes a swiveling motion is restrained by the side wall 24 and the side pressure receiving wheel 23 to move in the outward direction at the position of the driven guide carriage 13, and to the inward direction. In the movement, the left and right moving roofs 4, 4 act on the sliding members 25 in the abutting direction, and are restrained horizontally inward.

The three-dimensional curved surface change peculiar to the dome roof 1 is a surface rotary joint.
18 and the universal joint 19 absorb the unnatural or unnatural movement of the driven guide carriage 13. Further, the driven guide truck 13 is preferably provided with a plurality of wheels in the vertical and horizontal directions in order to improve the bearing capacity of the vertical load, and the wheels 26 are supported by the equalizer 27. That is, the plate that receives the axle of the wheel 26 is supported by the equalizer 27 by the equalizer shaft.

Next, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show details of the carriage 14 traveling on the rail 10 laid on the surface of the fixed roof 3. This dolly 14
Is a wheel with an equalizer shaft 28 oriented in the traveling axis direction of the carriage 14.
Equalizer 30 that supports 29 bogie frames
It is connected to the movable roof 4 via an equalizer shaft 28a directed in a direction orthogonal to 28.

In addition, the bogie frame that supports the axle of the wheel 29 is attached to the equalizer axle.
It is connected to the equalizer 30 at 28b. That is, the trolley 14 is a three-axis type trolley having three equalizer shafts by the equalizer shafts 28, 28a, 28b. By using such a three-axis type dolly, the dome roof 1 can withstand changes in the curved surface inclination and the load of the movable roof 4 itself.

FIG. 7 shows the details of the turning auxiliary carriage 31 that supports the turning roof 5 so that it can travel freely. This turning auxiliary carriage 31 travels on a turning auxiliary rail 8 laid on the surface of the fixed roof 3 with the same radius of curvature as the turning rail 7. The turning assistance carriage 31 has almost the same structure as the carriage 14 described above, but the wheels 29 of the carriage 14 are all wheels of the same radius, whereas the wheels 29a and 29b of the turning assistance carriage 31 are the turning assistance rails 8. Since there is an inner ring difference between the inner side having a small radius of curvature and the outer side having a large radius of curvature, the wheel radius of the inner wheel 29b is made smaller than that of the outer wheel 29a. This wheel 29
The difference between the wheel diameters of a and 29b is such that the running resistance due to the difference between the inner wheels can be eliminated.

The turning assist cart 31 is attached to the side surface of a reinforcing beam 32 of the roof provided at the edge portion of the turning roof 5 by a bracket 33. Further, a reinforcing beam 32 a for supporting the turning auxiliary rail 8 is provided below the turning auxiliary rail 8. That is, this reinforcement beam 3
2 is arranged on the back side of the fixed roof 3.

<Effect> As described in detail above, according to the retractable roof of the present invention, a substantially crescent-shaped fixed roof is formed at one end of the substantially circular outer peripheral wall, and the other portion is a diameter line of the outer peripheral wall. Of the two roof members that overlap each other on both sides of the outer side, and the outer roof member on the outer peripheral wall side of these two roof members is a revolving roof that swivels along the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral wall. The roof member is a moving roof that moves by receiving the reaction force of the swiveling roof. The overlapping edge portions of the swiveling roof and the moving roof are rotatably connected to each other by a rotating shaft, and the moving roof is a fixed roof. The guide track that guides the moving roof when it moves to is movably supported by a guide carriage that is pivotally mounted in two universal biaxial directions, so the moving roof can be moved simply by moving it. Can be moved at the same time That is, there is no need to specially provide a power cart or moving means on each of the swing roof and the moving roof.

In addition, a guide truck that travels while supporting a moving roof on a guide track laid on a fixed roof along a line segment where the diameter line segment of the outer peripheral wall extends in a fixed roof shape is a side wall parallel to the guide track. Since the guides are forcibly guided in the axial direction of the guide track by the wheel flanges, etc., the reaction reaction force can be received by the guide cart when the moving roof receives the moving action accompanying the movement of the swiveling roof. . This has the effect of reliably guiding the moving roof in the predetermined moving direction. Furthermore, when a plurality of bogies for guiding and supporting the swivel roof are arranged side by side in the lateral direction orthogonal to the direction in which the wheels swivel, the inner wheel difference between the outer wheel and the inner wheel is eliminated. Since the wheel diameters are different, it is not necessary to provide a differential gear or the like on the carriage itself. That is, since these trolleys for turning guidance always perform turning travel with a constant radius of curvature, it is sufficient to provide a wheel diameter difference that eliminates this constant inner wheel difference.
There is an effect that the structure of the carriage can be easily configured.

Since the swivel roof cuts out a corner portion in contact with the moving roof and the fixed roof, and the swivel roof extends the moving distance to swivel toward the fixed roof, there is an effect that the aperture ratio can be improved. Alternatively, when the guide rails (guide tracks) that support the moving roof in the moving direction are extended and projected to the outside of the outer peripheral wall, the moving distance of the moving roof can be extended, which has the effect of improving the aperture ratio. In this way, when the guide track of the moving roof is extended and projected to the outside of the outer peripheral wall and the corner portion in the moving direction of the swivel roof is cut out, the effect of further improving the aperture ratio can be expected. is there.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a plan view of a dome roof using a retractable roof according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state where the roof of FIG. 1 is open, and FIG. A front view showing a bogie mounted on the roof, FIG. 4 is an enlarged front view showing one of the bogies, FIG. 5 is a front view showing another bogie of a moving roof, and FIG. 6 is a bogie of FIG. FIG. FIG. 7 is a front view for explaining a trolley that supports the inside of the swivel roof. 1 ... Dome roof, 2 ... Outer wall 3 ... Fixed roof, 4 ... Moving roof 5 ... Revolving roof, 6 ... Revolving axis, 7 ... Revolving rail, 8 ... Revolving auxiliary rail, 9 ... Guide Tracks, 10 ...... Rails 11 …… Overhang beams, 12 …… Power carts 13 …… Followed guide carts, 14 …… Carts 15 …… Cutouts, 16 …… Reinforcing beams 17 …… Roof mounting brackets, 18 …… Face rotation joint 19 …… Universal joint, 20 …… Vertical axis 21 …… Horizontal axis, 22 …… Base 23 …… Side bearing wheel, 24 …… Sidewall 25 …… Slip material, 26 …… Wheel 27 …… Equalizer , 28 …… equalizer shaft 29 …… wheels, 30 …… equalizer 31 …… turning support cart, 32 …… reinforcing beam 33 …… bracket

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A substantially crescent-shaped fixed roof is constructed at one end of an outer peripheral wall whose plane is substantially circular, and further passes from a center of an inner edge of the fixed roof to a substantially central point of a circle forming the outer peripheral wall. And the left and right diametrical line segments which are divided into left and right parts, and the left and right parts of the roof end are formed by radially separating the center of the inner corner from the outer peripheral edge part of the other end, respectively, and forming four curved substantially triangular roof members. The two roof members that are divided into the left and right of the diameter line segment are stepped up and down so that the two roof members that are divided into the left and right sides of the diameter line segment overlap each other and open, and the two roof members are separated from each other near the outer peripheral edge of the other end. Is a top and bottom axially coupled to each other with the connecting point as a rotation axis, and one roof member close to the diameter line segment is used as a moving roof, and the outer peripheral edge of the outer roof member overlapping with the moving roof is in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral wall. A slewing roof along which the rotation axis is swung along the fixed roof, and the diameter line segment is fixed A guide truck is installed on the fixed roof along a line segment extending above the root, and at a point where the moving roof overlaps the guide track, a guide carriage pivotally mounted in a universal biaxial direction is provided. An openable and closable roof, characterized in that the movable roof is driven along with the movement of the revolving roof while traveling on a guide track.