JPH0713235B2 - Flow control device for slurry fluid - Google Patents
Flow control device for slurry fluidInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0713235B2 JPH0713235B2 JP33191790A JP33191790A JPH0713235B2 JP H0713235 B2 JPH0713235 B2 JP H0713235B2 JP 33191790 A JP33191790 A JP 33191790A JP 33191790 A JP33191790 A JP 33191790A JP H0713235 B2 JPH0713235 B2 JP H0713235B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- output
- flow control
- slurry
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Flow Control (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は固形分を相当量含有する石炭液化重質油などス
ラリー状流体の流通路中に設けた流量調節弁付近での固
形分沈降による閉塞が生じなく、長期安定的に、且つ円
滑に流量制御を可能としたスラリー状流体の流量制御装
置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention is based on solid content settling in the vicinity of a flow control valve provided in a flow path of a slurry-like fluid such as coal liquefied heavy oil containing a considerable amount of solid content. The present invention relates to a slurry-like fluid flow rate control device capable of controlling flow rate stably and smoothly for a long time without causing blockage.
（従来の技術） 石炭液化重質油を蒸留塔の塔底から抜き出すときの塔底
液面制御を例にとってみると（第３図参照）、通常のPI
D制御信号によって蒸留塔底の増量変化に見合った流量
調節弁（２）制御を行わせたのでは、実際は普通に行わ
れるPID動作で閉塞がクリアされることはなく、手動で
オン・オフ的に開閉する操作によって閉塞が急に回復す
ることとなるので、その結果、流量が急に増加し、固化
機（８）の能力を超過するため固化できず、固化機
（８）が停止する事態を度々招いていた。従って、この
場合の手動オン・オフ操作は極めて危険であり、経験と
勘とが要求されるものであった。(Prior Art) Taking an example of the bottom liquid level control when extracting coal liquefied heavy oil from the bottom of a distillation column (see Fig. 3), a normal PI
Since the flow control valve (2) was controlled by the D control signal to match the increase in the bottom of the distillation column, the blockage is not cleared by the PID operation that is normally performed, and it can be turned on and off manually. The blockage is rapidly recovered by the operation of opening and closing, and as a result, the flow rate suddenly increases and the solidification machine (8) cannot be solidified because it exceeds the capacity of the solidification machine (8), and the solidification machine (8) stops. Was often invited. Therefore, the manual on / off operation in this case is extremely dangerous and requires experience and intuition.
かかる蒸留塔の運転に限らず、スラリー状流体を流量制
御する場合には、上記と同様な固形分沈降による弁付近
での閉塞に伴う事故が生じるものである。Not only in the operation of such a distillation column, but in the case of controlling the flow rate of the slurry-like fluid, an accident may occur due to the blockage in the vicinity of the valve due to the solid content sedimentation similar to the above.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） 従来は、一般には流量調節弁に与える弁出力にリミッタ
を通して出力制限し、又、詰りの徴候が出た際には、手
動で調節弁出力を上下して、急開閉動作をさせていた
が、これは経験、勘及び集中力が要求され、熟練者に頼
らねばならないのと、連続しての長時間監視、制御には
適しないのとが難点であった。(Problems to be solved by the invention) Conventionally, in general, the output of a flow control valve is limited by a limiter through a limiter, and when there is a sign of clogging, the output of the control valve is manually raised or lowered, I had to open and close suddenly, but this required experience, intuition, and concentration, which required relying on an expert and was not suitable for continuous long-term monitoring and control. .
このようにスラリー状流体を制御対象とした場合に種々
の困難な問題点が存する実状に鑑みて本発明は成された
ものであって、専門的な複雑性を有する操作を全く必要
としなくて、自動的に急開閉動作を可能ならしめること
によって、高信頼性に富む流量制御を長期に渡り安定的
に行わせるばかりでなく省力化を容易にはからせる点を
本発明の主要な目的とする。Thus, the present invention has been made in view of the fact that various difficult problems exist when controlling a slurry-like fluid as described above, and does not require any operation having specialized complexity. The main object of the present invention is not only to make highly reliable flow rate control stable for a long period of time but also to facilitate labor saving by automatically enabling rapid opening / closing operation. To do.
（課題を解決するための手段） 上記目的を達成するために、本発明に係るスラリー状流
体の流量制御装置は、次のような構成としている。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the flow rate control device for a slurry-like fluid according to the present invention has the following configuration.
即ち、請求項１記載の流量制御装置は、固形分を含有す
るスラリー状流体の流通路中に流量調節弁を介設し、PI
D制御信号に基づく弁開度アナログ出力と、パルス振幅
が弁全開に対応する前記弁開度アナログ出力の数％程度
であると共にパルス周期が数秒程度であるパルスを正負
交番的に発生する交番矩形波出力とを合成してなる弁制
御出力を、前記流量調節弁に付与せしめることにより、
急開閉動作を継続的に流量調節弁に与えながら無段階的
な流量制御可能となしたことを特徴とするスラリー状流
体の流量制御装置である。That is, in the flow rate control device according to claim 1, a flow rate control valve is provided in the flow path of the slurry-like fluid containing solid matter,
D Alternating rectangle that alternately generates positive and negative pulses with a valve opening analog output based on a control signal and a pulse amplitude of about several% of the valve opening analog output corresponding to full valve opening and a pulse period of about several seconds By giving the flow control valve a valve control output formed by combining the wave output,
A flow control device for a slurry-like fluid, which is capable of stepless flow control while continuously applying a rapid opening / closing operation to a flow control valve.
請求項２記載の流量制御装置は、PID制御信号に基づく
弁開度アナログ出力が、弁全開に対応する値よりも低い
制限された上限出力を超えないように上限リミッタを経
て出力され、一方、交番矩形波出力が、パルス振幅及び
パルス周期の調節可能に出力される請求項１記載のスラ
リー状流体の流量制御装置である。The flow rate control device according to claim 2, wherein the valve opening analog output based on the PID control signal is output via an upper limiter so as not to exceed a limited upper limit output that is lower than a value corresponding to full valve opening. The flow control device for a slurry-like fluid according to claim 1, wherein the alternating rectangular wave output is output so that the pulse amplitude and the pulse period can be adjusted.
（作 用） 本発明は、「スラリーラインの閉塞に対して、こまめに
動く所謂生きたバルブ（弁）は、動きの少ない死んだバ
ルブよりもずっと強い」というシンプルな経験則に立脚
して完成されたものであり、弁の上下の動きの幅、周期
でプロセスをコントロールする従来のタクティングコン
トロールとは異なり、制御自体は従来多用されるPID制
御方式としながら弁の耐閉塞性向上の為に小刻みな動き
を並行して与える「セミタクティング方式」を要旨とし
ている点に特徴が存する。(Operation) The present invention was completed based on a simple empirical rule that "a so-called living valve (moving valve) that moves frequently when a slurry line is blocked is much stronger than a dead valve that moves little". Unlike conventional tactical control that controls the process by the width and cycle of the vertical movement of the valve, the control itself uses the PID control method that has been widely used in the past, in order to improve the resistance to blockage of the valve. It is characterized by the fact that it is based on a "semi-tactical system" that gives small and parallel movements in parallel.
即ち、第１図に示す如く、スラリー状流体の流通路
（１）途中に介設した流量調節弁（２）の駆動部（３）
に付与する弁制御出力としては、検出信号（PV）、設定
信号（SV）を受けてPID動作を行わせる弁開度アナログ
出力を発生するPID制御器（４）と、流量調節弁（２）
に急開閉動作を行わせるための交番矩形波出力を重畳さ
せるための動作プログラム設定器（５）とを直列的に接
続してなるコントローラが出すMV出力を用いる。That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the drive part (3) of the flow rate control valve (2) interposed in the flow path (1) of the slurry-like fluid.
As a valve control output to be given to the PID controller (4) that generates a valve opening analog output that receives a detection signal (PV) and a setting signal (SV) and performs a PID operation, a flow control valve (2)
The MV output from the controller is used, which is connected in series with the operation program setting device (5) for superimposing the alternating rectangular wave output for causing the rapid opening / closing operation.
この場合、制御器（４）が発生する弁開度アナログ出力
は前記駆動部（３）のアクチュエータに与える出力を０
から全開に相当する値までの間の無段階な値であって、
第２図に波線曲線で示される。In this case, the valve opening analog output generated by the controller (4) is zero as the output given to the actuator of the drive section (3).
Is a stepless value from the value corresponding to
It is shown as a wavy curve in FIG.
一方、動作プログラム設定器（５）では、タクティング
動作をプログラム化できる機能を有していて、弁全開に
対応する前記弁開度アナログ出力の値の数％程度のパル
ス波高値と、数秒程度のパルス幅とを有するパルスを正
負交番的に発生して交番矩形波出力を出力し得るパルス
発生器を備え、この交番矩形波出力をPID制御器（４）
が出す弁開度アナログ出力に載せ（重畳させ）るように
なっており、上記矩形波出力及び重畳後の弁制御出力は
第２図に実線鋸歯曲線で示される通りである。On the other hand, the operation program setter (5) has a function capable of programming the tactical operation, and has a pulse crest value of about several% of the valve opening analog output value corresponding to valve full opening and about several seconds. A pulse generator capable of positively and negatively alternatingly generating a pulse having a pulse width of and outputting an alternating rectangular wave output, and the alternating rectangular wave output is a PID controller (4)
Is placed (superposed) on the valve opening analog output produced by the above, and the rectangular wave output and the valve control output after the superposition are as shown by the solid line sawtooth curve in FIG.
尚、PID制御器（４）は上限リミッタを備えていて、弁
全開に対応する値よりも低い例えば90％に制限された上
限出力以下の弁開度アナログ出力を発生し得るようにす
ることが好ましく、一方、前記プログラム設定器（５）
は、パルス上向き振幅（X1）、パルス下向き振幅（X2）
及びパルス周期（X3）の定数を外部から所定範囲内で随
時与えられるよう構成することが実用面から好ましいこ
とである。The PID controller (4) is provided with an upper limiter so that it can generate a valve opening analog output below the upper limit output, which is lower than the value corresponding to full valve opening, for example, 90%. Preferably, on the other hand, the program setter (5)
Is the pulse upward amplitude (X 1 ), pulse downward amplitude (X 2 )
It is preferable from a practical point of view that the constant of the pulse period (X 3 ) and the constant of the pulse period (X 3 ) are externally given within a predetermined range.
このように通常のPIDコントロールを行いながら、これ
に平行してオン・オフ的に開閉するタクティングを実行
させることによって、前工程でのスラリー液面変動に対
応したライン流量制御が成されながら、弁付近での閉塞
現象を回避することが可能であり、交番矩形波出力の定
数を前述した値とすることによって、人的操作の場合に
誤って大流量を流量調節弁に流して後工程のトリップや
固着等の重大トラブルが生じることを未然に抑えること
が可能である。In this way, while performing normal PID control, by performing tacticing that opens and closes in parallel with this, line flow control corresponding to the slurry liquid level fluctuation in the previous process is performed, It is possible to avoid the blockage phenomenon in the vicinity of the valve, and by setting the constant of the alternating rectangular wave output to the above-mentioned value, a large flow rate is mistakenly applied to the flow rate control valve in the case of human operation and the subsequent process is performed. It is possible to prevent serious troubles such as trips and sticking from occurring.
尚、交番矩形波出力の重畳は、弁開度アナログ出力が発
せられる間、継続的に行わせるだけでなく、間欠的に行
わせるようにすることも可能であって、必要に応じ随意
採用すれば良い。又、弁開度が小さいときはパルス振
幅、周期を小さく、大きいときには大ならしめ、或いは
その逆になるようにプログラム化することも回路設計の
変更によって可能である。種々実測を重ねた結果、パル
ス振幅は±2.5％（F/S）、パルス周期は５秒程度でトラ
ブルが生じなく安定運転が果たされた。The superposition of the alternating rectangular wave output can be performed not only continuously while the valve opening analog output is issued, but also intermittently, and can be optionally adopted as needed. Good. It is also possible to program the pulse amplitude and period to be small when the valve opening is small, and to make it large when the valve opening is large, or vice versa by changing the circuit design. As a result of repeating various measurements, the pulse amplitude was ± 2.5% (F / S) and the pulse period was about 5 seconds, and stable operation was achieved without trouble.
（実施例） 以下、本発明の実施例を第３図に基づき説明する。図示
装置は、原料の石炭から石炭液化重質油生成するライン
の中の蒸留塔に関連する設備であって、蒸留塔（６）の
塔底に開口させた取出口にはスラリー状流体である固形
分含有石炭液化重質油を抜き出させるための流通路（配
管）（１）を接続し、該流通路（１）途中に、上流側か
らスラリーポンプ（７）、流量調節弁（２）及び緊急遮
断弁（10）を介設する一方、流通路（１）の出口端に臨
ませて、コンベアベルトを要素とする固化器（８）を配
設し、更に、流量調節弁（２）の出口に接続する流通路
（１）の途中に分岐接続させて配管を設けており、該配
管途中に緊急開放弁（11）を介設せしめるとともに、こ
の配管の出口端をスロップタンク（９）に連絡せしめて
いる。(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The illustrated apparatus is equipment related to a distillation column in a line for producing coal liquefied heavy oil from raw material coal, and a slurry-like fluid is present at an outlet opened at the bottom of the distillation column (6). A flow passage (pipe) (1) for extracting the solid content coal liquefied heavy oil is connected, and a slurry pump (7) and a flow rate control valve (2) are provided in the middle of the flow passage (1) from the upstream side. And an emergency shutoff valve (10), a solidification device (8) having a conveyor belt as an element is disposed so as to face the outlet end of the flow passage (1), and the flow rate control valve (2) is further provided. A pipe is provided by branching in the middle of the flow passage (1) connected to the outlet of the pipe, and an emergency release valve (11) is provided in the middle of the pipe, and the outlet end of the pipe is connected to the slop tank (9). Please contact me.
（12）は蒸留塔（６）底部の液面検知器であり、検知し
た液面に対応する信号は、前掲したコントローラのPID
制御器（４）に検出信号（PV）として入力され、このコ
ントローラからの弁制御出力は前記調節弁（２）の駆動
部（３）に与えられるようになっている。このときの弁
制御出力は、前述した通り交番矩形波出力をPID制御信
号に基づく弁開度アナログ出力に重畳した波形であっ
て、この場合、重畳後の波形出力に対して最大値を制限
するために上限リミッタを作用させたのでは、矩形波が
全て打ち切られて只のフラット出力になり好ましくない
ので、交番矩形波出力を重畳するよりも以前に、弁開度
アナログ出力が所定値以上にならないよう上限リミッタ
で制限を加えるようにすることが好ましい。(12) is a liquid level detector at the bottom of the distillation column (6), and the signal corresponding to the detected liquid level is the PID of the controller described above.
The detection signal (PV) is input to the controller (4), and the valve control output from this controller is given to the drive section (3) of the control valve (2). The valve control output at this time is a waveform in which the alternating rectangular wave output is superimposed on the valve opening analog output based on the PID control signal as described above, and in this case, the maximum value is limited with respect to the waveform output after the superposition. Therefore, if the upper limiter is applied, it is not preferable because all the rectangular waves are cut off and a flat output is generated.Therefore, before the superposition of the alternating rectangular wave output, the valve opening analog output becomes a predetermined value or more. It is preferable that the upper limit limiter is used so as to prevent such a situation.
又、実施例に係る前記コントローラは、回路の詳細を図
示していないが、固化機（８）運転モードとスロップタ
ンク（９）運転モードとを選択するモードスイッチが設
けられていて、固化機（８）運転モードに操作したとき
には、液面制御に応じたPID制御を行わせながら、交番
矩形波出力を重畳させる本来の閉塞回避運転を実行さ
せ、一方、スロップタンク（９）運転モードに操作した
ときも同様に閉塞回避運転を行わせると共に、閉塞事態
が発生した時には、ストローキングを行えるようになっ
ている。尚、固化機（８）が不調でスロップタンク
（９）運転モードにする場合は、更に、PID制御器
（４）での上限リミッタを外すなどの工夫を講じてい
る。Although not shown in detail in the circuit, the controller according to the embodiment is provided with a mode switch for selecting a solidification machine (8) operation mode and a slop tank (9) operation mode. 8) When the operation mode was operated, the original obstruction avoidance operation for superimposing the alternating rectangular wave output was executed while performing the PID control according to the liquid level control, while the slop tank (9) operation mode was operated. At the same time, the blockage avoidance operation is performed in the same manner, and when the blockage situation occurs, the stroking can be performed. When the solidification machine (8) is in a malfunction and the slop tank (9) operation mode is set, further measures are taken such as removing the upper limiter of the PID controller (4).
以上述べたように流量調節弁（２）のPID作動中に自動
タクティングを行わせているので、10％を超える固形分
を含む石炭液化重質油が流通する流通路（１）の流量調
節弁（２）では、従来弁閉塞の危険性が大であったのに
対して、上記の如き方法によれば固形分の沈着を防ぎ安
定した流量制御を行わせ得る。As described above, since the automatic tacticing is performed during the PID operation of the flow rate control valve (2), the flow rate control of the flow passage (1) through which the coal liquefied heavy oil containing solid content exceeding 10% flows is controlled. In the valve (2), the risk of valve closure was large in the past, but the method as described above can prevent solids from depositing and perform stable flow rate control.
（発明の効果） 本発明は叙上の構成を有し作用を成すものであり、PID
制御をしながら弁の自動急開閉動作を行わせることによ
り、流通路（１）での閉塞が生じなくなり、流量制御運
転を円滑に行わせ得る。(Effects of the Invention) The present invention has the above-described structure and functions, and
By performing the automatic rapid opening / closing operation of the valve while controlling, the blockage in the flow passage (1) does not occur, and the flow rate control operation can be smoothly performed.
更に、急開閉動作を自動的に行わせているので、従来の
マニュアルストローキングに対して合理化がはかれると
共に、開き過ぎ等の人的エラーによるトラブルを排除し
て信頼性の高い運転を安定的に持続できるようになる。Furthermore, since the quick opening / closing operation is automatically performed, rationalization can be achieved compared to the conventional manual stroking, and troubles due to human errors such as over-opening can be eliminated to ensure stable and reliable operation. It will be sustainable.
第１図は本発明の構成を略示するブロック示回路図、第
２図は第１図におけるコントローラが発生する弁制御出
力の経時線図、第３図は本発明の実施例に係る装置回路
図である。 （１）……流通路、（２）……流量調節弁、（３）……
駆動部 （４）……PID制御器、（５）……動作プログラム設定
器 （６）……蒸留塔、（７）……スラリーポンプ （８）……固化機、（９）……スロップタンク （10）……緊急遮断弁、（11）……緊急開放弁弁 （12）……液面検知器FIG. 1 is a block schematic circuit diagram schematically showing the configuration of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a time chart of valve control output generated by the controller in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a device circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure. (1) …… Flow passage, (2) …… Flow control valve, (3) ……
Drive part (4) …… PID controller, (5) …… Operation program setting device (6) …… Distillation column, (7) …… Slurry pump (8) …… Solidifying machine, (9) …… Slop tank (10) …… Emergency shutoff valve, (11) …… Emergency release valve (12) …… Liquid level detector
Claims (2)
中に流量調節弁を介設し、PID制御信号に基づく弁開度
アナログ出力と、パルス振幅が弁全開に対応する前記弁
開度アナログ出力の数％程度であると共にパルス周期が
数秒程度であるパルスを正負交番的に発生する交番矩形
波出力とを合成してなる弁制御出力を、前記流量調節弁
に付与せしめることにより、急開閉動作を継続的に流量
調節弁に与えながら無段階的な流量制御可能となしたこ
とを特徴とするスラリー状流体の流量制御装置。1. A valve opening analog output based on a PID control signal, wherein a flow rate control valve is provided in a flow path of a slurry-like fluid containing solids, and the valve opening corresponding to a pulse amplitude corresponding to full opening of the valve. By applying a valve control output, which is composed of an alternating rectangular wave output that alternately generates positive and negative pulses, which is about several percent of the analog output and has a pulse period of about several seconds, to the flow control valve, A flow control device for a slurry-like fluid, which is capable of stepless flow control while continuously opening and closing a flow control valve.
が、弁全開に対応する値よりも低い制限された上限出力
を超えないように上限リミッタを経て出力され、一方、
交番矩形波出力が、パルス振幅及びパルス周期の調節可
能に出力される請求項１記載のスラリー状流体の流量制
御装置。2. A valve opening analog output based on a PID control signal is output through an upper limiter so as not to exceed a limited upper limit output that is lower than a value corresponding to valve full opening.
The flow control device for a slurry-like fluid according to claim 1, wherein the alternating rectangular wave output is output so that the pulse amplitude and the pulse period can be adjusted.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33191790A JPH0713235B2 (en) | 1990-11-28 | 1990-11-28 | Flow control device for slurry fluid |
| AU88201/91A AU627999B2 (en) | 1990-11-28 | 1991-11-27 | Flow rate control device for slurry fluid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33191790A JPH0713235B2 (en) | 1990-11-28 | 1990-11-28 | Flow control device for slurry fluid |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04198393A JPH04198393A (en) | 1992-07-17 |
| JPH0713235B2 true JPH0713235B2 (en) | 1995-02-15 |
Family
ID=18249081
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33191790A Expired - Lifetime JPH0713235B2 (en) | 1990-11-28 | 1990-11-28 | Flow control device for slurry fluid |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0713235B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU627999B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103206569A (en) * | 2013-01-20 | 2013-07-17 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Adjusting method for argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) furnace regulating valve |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1188998A (en) * | 1980-11-12 | 1985-06-18 | Stephen R. Ash | System and method for controlling and monitoring blood or biologic fluid flow |
| AU2106188A (en) * | 1987-08-17 | 1989-02-23 | Neville Skinner | Improved method and apparatus for controlling solenoid valves |
| EP0420599B1 (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1995-06-21 | Ortech Corporation | Flow control system |
-
1990
- 1990-11-28 JP JP33191790A patent/JPH0713235B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-11-27 AU AU88201/91A patent/AU627999B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU8820191A (en) | 1992-06-04 |
| JPH04198393A (en) | 1992-07-17 |
| AU627999B2 (en) | 1992-09-03 |
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