JPH071339B2 - Stereomicroscope - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a stereomicroscope mainly used in the medical field and capable of illuminating and observing an object at various working distances.

[Prior Art] Stereomicroscopes are widely used for medical purposes such as surgery and examination, for research purposes, and for industrial purposes, and they are useful for improving the precision and safety in surgery.

In a high-performance stereoscopic microscope, it is desirable to be able to illuminate and observe a subject at various working distances in order to observe the subject accurately, and in order to achieve this, different focal lengths have been conventionally used. A method of removing and replacing the objective lens has been adopted. However, this method requires time and labor for replacement, and also has an annoyance that an objective lens to be replaced must be prepared at hand.

[Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a stereomicroscope capable of easily illuminating and observing a subject at various working distances by freely combining the refractive powers of a plurality of objective lenses. To provide.

[Outline of the Invention] The gist of the present invention for achieving the above object is to provide a pair of left and right stereoscopic observation optical systems behind a common objective lens unit.
In a stereomicroscope in which a set of illumination optical systems is arranged, the objective lens unit is configured by stacking a plurality of lenses common to the stereoscopic observation optical system and the illumination optical system, and at least one of the lenses is a partial lens. Has a refracting power removing portion in which the refracting power is removed,
The stereoscopic microscope is characterized in that the refracting power removing portion is movable relative to at least one of the positions where two observation light beams pass.

Embodiments of the Invention The present invention will be described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
Common first and second objective lenses 1 and 2 arranged in front of each other are rotatably provided around the optical axis C. As shown in FIG. 3, two openings 1 symmetrically with respect to the optical axis C are provided.
a, 1b and 2a, 2b are provided, and the first objective lens 1 has an opening in a direction orthogonal to the base line length of the openings 1a and 1b.
Similarly, the second objective lens 2 is provided with an opening 2c. Behind these objective lenses 1 and 2, there are 2
Zoom lens systems 3a and 3b, relay lenses 4a and 4b, and image adjusting prisms 5a and 5b are arranged in pairs on the two optical axes Ca and Cb, respectively. Optical systems 6a and 6b are arranged. On the other hand, as the illumination optical system, the deflection prism 7 is arranged on the optical axis Cc behind the objective lenses 1 and 2, and the relay lens 8, the condenser lens 9, and the light source 10 are sequentially arranged on the optical axis Cc ′ in the deflection direction. It is arranged.

Here, when the light source 10 emits illumination light, the light flux passes through the condenser lens 9 and the relay lens 8 and is deflected by the deflection prism 7. For example, the light flux passes through the aperture 2c of the second objective lens 2 and is refracted by the first objective lens 1. The subject 01 is illuminated obliquely. A light beam emitted from the subject 01 is refracted by, for example, the first objective lens 1, passes through a pair of left and right openings 2a, 2b of the second objective lens 2, passes through zoom lens systems 3a, 3b, and is relayed by relay lenses 4a, 4b. Entering, reaching the observation eyes Ea, Eb through the image adjusting prisms 5a, 5b and the finder optical systems 6a, 6b,
Observed stereoscopically.

The combination of the first and second objective lenses 1 and 2 at this time is as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 when viewed from the direction of the line AA ′ in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the aperture 2a of the second objective lens 2 is
2b coincides with the optical axes Ca and Cb, the aperture 2c coincides with the optical axis Cc, and the apertures 1a and 1b of the first objective lens 1 deviate from the optical axes Ca and Cb and the aperture 1c deviates from the optical axis Cc. ing. In this state, the apertures 1a, 1b, 1c of the first objective lens 1 and the apertures 2a, 2b, 2c of the second objective lens 2 do not overlap each other, so that the observation light flux has an aperture 2a, 2b of the objective lens 2. And is refracted only by the refracting power of the first objective lens 1 without being affected by the second objective lens 2. Similarly, the illumination luminous flux passes through the opening 2c of the second objective lens 2 and is refracted only by the first objective lens 1 without being affected by the objective lens 2. That is, in this state, it is possible to illuminate and observe the subject 01 at exactly the same working distance as when the first objective lens 1 is arranged alone.

By the way, since the objective lenses 1 and 2 are rotatably installed around the optical axis C, by rotating the objective lenses 1 and 2 by 90 degrees respectively, a total of three sets of refracting powers can be obtained except for the through. The combination is possible, and it becomes possible to illuminate and observe the subject O at a plurality of working distances.

FIG. 4 shows that by rotating the first and second objective lenses 1 and 2 about the optical axis C by an appropriate angle,
This is an example of a case where two refracting powers are obtained, and in this case, the elements other than the second objective lens 2 are arranged in exactly the same manner as in FIG. 5 and 6 are A- of FIG.
The first and second objective lenses 1 and 2 from the A'line direction, respectively.
The second objective lens 2 is arranged in the counterclockwise direction about the optical axis C around the optical axis C shown in FIG.
The figure shows the case where the first objective lens 1 is rotated by the same degree and the first objective lens 1 is arranged in the same arrangement as the objective lens 1 shown in FIG. That is,
Apertures 1a and 2a of objective lens 1 and objective lens 2, respectively
This is the case where 1b and 2b, 1c and 2c are overlapped and deviated from the optical axes Ca, Cb, and Cc. In such a state, both the observation light flux and the illumination light flux are refracted by both the objective lens 1 and the objective lens 2. Therefore, the test object 02 has a working distance different from that in the case where the first objective lens 1 shown in FIG.
Can be observed and illuminated.

That is, the illumination light flux from the light source 10 is refracted by the objective lenses 2 and 1 after passing through the deflection prism 7, illuminates the subject 02 at a position different from the subject 01, and the light flux emitted from the subject 02 is the objective lens 1. After being refracted by 2, the subject 02 is stereoscopically viewed by the observation eyes Ea and Eb following the same route as in FIG.

Although not shown, the first objective lens 1 is further rotated by 90 degrees so that the optical axes Ca, Cb and Cc and the openings 1a, 1b and 1c of the objective lens 1 are rotated.
Of course, it is also possible to match only those and to make the illumination light beam and the observation light beam refracted only by the refracting power of the second objective lens 2 without being affected by the first objective lens 1.

In the case of FIG. 4, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG.
The apertures 1a, 2a, 1b and 2b, 1c, 2c of both objective lenses 1 and 2 are made to coincide, but in this case, it is not always necessary to make them coincide, and the objective lens 1 and the objective lens 2 are located at the portion where the light flux passes.
It suffices that the respective refracting powers of are present. Further, instead of forming the portions of the objective lenses 1 and 2 having no refracting power as apertures, the same effect can be obtained by eliminating parallel planes, that is, partially curved surfaces in the portions.

Although the objective lens unit is composed of two lenses in the above-described embodiments, the objective lens unit may be a combination of three or more lenses. In this way, if the number of objective lens units is increased, the number of combinations of apertures and portions having refractive power will increase accordingly, and the same effect as when exchanging many objective lenses can be obtained. It is possible. Even when two objective lenses are used, the aperture may be provided only in one objective lens. Further, the three openings of the objective lenses 1 and 2 may be appropriately connected instead of being provided individually.

[Advantages of the Invention] As described above, the stereomicroscope according to the present invention has a simple configuration in which each lens of the objective lens unit is common to the stereoscopic observation optical system and the illumination optical system, and has a stereoscopic structure according to the working distance. By making it possible to easily adjust the observation or illumination state, the observation ability and the observation efficiency are improved, and more precise observation is possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of a stereomicroscope according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a layout view of an optical system, FIGS. 2 and 3 are front views of first and second objective lenses, respectively. The figure shows the layout of the optical system in which the position of the objective lens in FIG. 1 is changed,
FIG. 6 and FIG. 6 are front views of the first and second objective lenses, respectively. Reference numerals 1 and 2 are objective lenses, 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b and 2c are apertures, 3a and 3b are zoom lens systems, 4a and 4b are relay lenses,
Reference numerals 5a and 5b are prism optical systems, 6a and 6b are eyepieces, 7 is a deflection prism, and 10 is a light source.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. In a stereoscopic microscope in which a pair of right and left stereoscopic observation optical systems and a set of illumination optical systems are arranged behind a common objective lens section, the objective lens section is provided with the stereoscopic observation optical system and the illumination optical system. And a plurality of lenses common to each other are stacked, and at least one of the lenses has a refracting power removing portion where the refracting power is partially removed, and a position where one illumination light flux passes and two observation light fluxes. A stereomicroscope, wherein the refracting power removing portion is relatively movable to at least one of the passing positions of. 2. The stereomicroscope according to claim 1, wherein the refracting power removing portion is an opening provided in the lens. 3. The stereoscopic microscope according to claim 1, wherein the relative movement of the refracting power removing portion is performed by rotating a lens provided with the refracting power removing portion.