JPH0716579B2 - Deodorizer - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a deodorizing device, an air conditioner incorporating the deodorizing device, and an air purifier.

[Conventional technology and problems]

Conventionally, as a deodorizing device for removing odorous components contained in the air, for example, as described in JP-A-60-116920, has a dust collecting filter and a deodorizing filter, dust collecting After removing dust with a filter, the deodorizing filter chemically removes odor in the air by using an adsorbent chemically treated with an adsorbent to chemically adsorb the deodorizing substance, or as described in JP-A-63-240923. Among them, those that deodorize using a catalyst composed of activated carbon and a P ₁ -based alloy are known.

In the above-mentioned prior art, in the one described in JP-A-62-166020, there is a problem that the deodorizing effect cannot be maintained for a long time because the chemical adsorption capacity is limited.
The one described in JP-A 63-240923 is to desorb the odor by heating it in an oven or the like after adsorbing the odor to activated carbon, and decomposing the odor on a P ₁ alloy catalyst.
Although the deodorizing effect can be maintained, the ability to remove odorous components is low due to the use of an alloy catalyst, which necessitates raising the decomposition temperature, increasing the consumption of electric energy, and increasing the amount of catalyst installed. There were problems, respectively.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the conventional deodorizing device, and even though it is a simple device, the deodorizing ability lasts for a long time without decreasing, and the deodorizing effect is high. A deodorizing device and an air cleaner using the deodorizing device are provided.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the deodorizing device of the present invention is a dust filter for filtering dust from a gas containing dust and odor components, and adsorbs and desorbs odor components in the gas arranged downstream of the dust filter. An adsorbent, a first odor sensor that detects an odor component disposed downstream of the adsorbent and emits a signal thereof, and an odor component heating that heats the odor component adsorbed by the adsorbent to desorb it from the adsorbent. Means, the deodorization of the odorous component from the adsorbent by heating the odorous component is completed, a second odor sensor for detecting that the outflow of the odorous component from the adsorbent has disappeared, and a signal of the detection result, and The odor component decomposing means for decomposing the odor component desorbed from the adsorbent and the heating of the odor component heating means in response to the signal of the first odor sensor are started, and the signal of the second odor sensor is responded to. Characterized in that a completion allowed to control means a heating of the odorous heating means Te.

And as an invention of a device incorporating the deodorizing device of the present invention, a suction grill for taking indoor air into the main body, a fan for introducing the air into the main body, a heat exchanger, a discharge port for discharging the air passing through the main body into the room. In an air conditioner having, an air conditioner provided with the deodorizing device in an air circulation path from the suction grill to the discharge port, and
In an air purifier having a suction grill for taking indoor air into the main body, a fan for introducing the air into the main body, and a discharge port for discharging the air passing through the main body into the room, an air circulation path from the suction grill to the discharge port The invention of an air purifier provided with the deodorizing device can be mentioned therein.

The configuration of the present invention will be described more specifically below.

Examples of the gas containing dust and odorous components include indoor air that needs to be deodorized, air in various devices such as a freezer and an air conditioner.

The dust removal filter is a filter having a high ability to remove at least dust in the air, preferably polyester, non-woven fabric of polypropylene, and one or more kinds of filtration materials selected from open-cell urethane foam. . Further, conventionally used polyester or polypropylene may be made into a non-woven fabric and used as it is as a filter. Further, the shape of the filter is not particularly limited, such as fibrous shape and plate shape.

In the deodorizing device according to the present invention, a charging device for charging the gas to be treated may be further provided upstream of the dust removing filter, and the dust removing filter may be charged. That is, preferably, the dust passing through the dust filter and the dust filter,
The dust removal efficiency can be improved by performing dust removal by performing the charge in a positively and negatively charged state.

The adsorbent contains at least one adsorbent having a high ability to adsorb odorous components in the air, that is, one or more adsorbents selected from activated carbon, zeolite, alumina, silica, zirconia, porous ceramics and the like. The shape thereof is not particularly limited, such as a granular shape, a plate shape, a honeycomb shape, and a three-dimensional mesh shape.

In the deodorizing apparatus according to the present invention, the temperature of the adsorption performed using the adsorbent is preferably as low as possible, and is in the range of 5 to 30 ° C, preferably 5 to 20 ° C. If it exceeds 30 ° C, the adsorption capacity will decrease.

In the deodorizing apparatus according to the present invention, the set value at the adsorption stage is usually a value indicating saturation of the adsorption amount. And, the heating temperature of the odorous component for desorbing the odorous component from the adsorbent is preferably in the range of 30 to 100 ° C, and at 100 ° C or higher, by-products are condensed in the pores of the adsorbent due to thermal decomposition of the adsorbent. As a result, the pores are clogged and the adsorption capacity is reduced.

The means for heating the odorous component is not particularly limited, such as one that energizes the adsorbent that adsorbs the odorous component to generate heat, or one that radiates infrared rays from the outside of the adsorbent to generate heat.

In the deodorizing apparatus according to the present invention, a deodorizing catalyst is used in the decomposition stage, and the catalyst is a catalyst having a high ability to decompose the odorous component desorbed in at least the absorption and desorption stages, preferably alumina, silica, zirconia,
Calcia, barrier, titania, etc. and manganese, copper, iron,
It consists of one or more components selected from nickel and cobalt, and silver and platinum.

The shape of the deodorizing catalyst is not particularly limited, such as a granular shape, a plate shape, a honeycomb shape, and a three-dimensional mesh shape.

The content of manganese, copper, iron, nickel, cobalt and a mixture thereof in the deodorizing catalyst is 1 to 30% by weight per unit catalyst weight in the form of oxide, and the content of silver is in the form of metal in the form of catalyst. 0.1 to 5% by weight per unit weight, and the content of platinum in the form of metal is 0.05 to 5% per unit weight of catalyst
It is preferably in the range of 0.1% by weight.

In the deodorizing apparatus according to the present invention, the temperature of the decomposition reaction carried out using the deodorizing catalyst in the decomposition stage is room temperature and does not particularly require heat, but when the odor concentration is high, it is temporarily 50 to 70 ° C. It is also possible to heat up to the range, and heating to this range improves the catalytic activity and increases the deodorizing efficiency. However, if the decomposition reaction temperature is less than 10 ° C, the odorous components are not decomposed, and if it exceeds 70 ° C, byproducts are formed at the active sites of the deodorizing catalyst, and the decomposition activity is reduced.

In the deodorizing apparatus according to the present invention, the room gas supply rate for the dust removing step, adsorption / desorption step and decomposition step is preferably 5,000 to 50,000 / h in terms of space velocity per deodorizing catalyst in the decomposition step.

[Operation] As described above, according to the deodorizing apparatus of the present invention, the gas containing dust and odorous components is removed by passing through four stages of dust removal, odorous component adsorption, odorous component desorption, and odorous component decomposition. -Because it is deodorized, it is possible to obtain a higher dust removal and deodorizing ability than conventional ones, and moreover, the ability can be maintained for a long period of time. In a preferred embodiment of the deodorizing device of the present invention, dust particles, for example, dust particles called house dust, are attached to an electrostatically charged filter, or the dust is previously charged negatively and positively charged. By adopting a configuration of removing dust with a filter, it is possible to more reliably remove dust. Further, by using the deodorizing catalyst having the above composition as the deodorizing catalyst used in the deodorizing device, the gas containing the odorous components (methyl mercaptan, aldehyde, ammonia, etc.) after dust removal is
For example, it is possible to maintain a high deodorizing function for a long period of time because it is oxidatively decomposed by the oxidative power of O ₂ radicals that appear on the catalyst surface of a CO ₃ O ₄ —Ag—Pt-based catalyst activated at room temperature.

〔Example〕

The deodorizing device according to the present invention will be described in detail below based on examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the deodorizing apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the deodorizing stage thereof.

As shown in the figure, in the deodorizing apparatus according to this embodiment, the gas containing dust and odorous components is introduced into a dust removing stage including the electrostatic filter 1 to remove dust. The room gas containing odor after dust removal has a temperature of 20 ° C and the shutter 2 is opened.
And the adsorbent made of activated carbon is introduced into the adsorption stage by the adsorbent 3 formed in a honeycomb shape. When the adsorbent reaches saturation with the odorous component, the odorous component flows out to the downstream of the adsorbent, and the first odor sensor a provided in the rear part of the adsorbent detects the odorous component and emits a signal. The microcomputer b is controlled by this signal, the shutter 2 is closed by the control, and after the shutter 2 is closed, the adsorbent 3 is heated to a temperature of 50 ° C. by the heater 4 embedded in the surface or inside of the honeycomb. The odorous components are desorbed and the adsorbent is regenerated. When the desorption is completed, the microcomputer b is controlled by the signal of the second odor sensor a'and the heating is completed. When the desorption of the odorous components starts, the shutter 5 is opened and the odorous components are introduced into the decomposition stage consisting of the deodorizing catalyst 6. The deodorizing catalyst 6 is filled with a CO ₃ O ₄ —Ag—Pt-based catalyst in a honeycomb shape, and is heated by a heater 7 embedded in or on the surface of the honeycomb.
The odorous components are decomposed and deodorized on the deodorizing catalyst. The above steps are repeated.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the deodorizing apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the deodorizing stage thereof.

As shown in the figure, in the deodorizing device in this embodiment, the gas containing dust and odorous components is introduced into the charging device 8 and the dust is negatively charged by passing through the charging device 8. The negatively charged dust is introduced into the positively charged dust removal filter 9 to be removed. At a temperature of the gas is 20 ° C. containing odor after dust removal, and the adsorbent the opened shutter 2 ₂ consists as activated carbon is introduced into the adsorption phase by the adsorbent 3 ₂ formed by honeycomb. When the adsorbent reaches saturation with the odorous component, the odorous component flows out to the downstream of the adsorbent, and the first odor sensor a ₂ provided in the rear part of the adsorbent detects the odor and gives a signal. Shutter 2 ₂ microcomputer b ₂ is controlled is closed by the signal. After the shutter 2 ₂ is closed, the adsorbent 3 ₂ is heated by the heater 4 ₂ that was embedded in the surface or inside of the honeycomb to a temperature of 50 ° C. is desorbed odor components, the adsorbent is regenerated. When desorption of odor components begins shutter 5 ₂ is opened, the odor components are introduced into the deodorization step consisting deodorizing catalyst 6 _2. The deodorizing catalyst and the heater for heating the catalyst are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same as the first embodiment in that the steps after the decomposition of the odorous components are repeated.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an air conditioner according to the present invention, in which the deodorizing device according to the first embodiment is provided in the air conditioner. As shown in the figure, the air conditioner in this embodiment has a suction grill A which is an intake port for indoor air, an electrostatic filter 1, shutters 2 and 5, an adsorbent 3 made of activated carbon, a deodorizing catalyst 6, and a heat exchanger B. A cross-flow fan C that is means for introducing indoor air into the air conditioner body, and an exhaust port E that discharges the air that has flowed through the air conditioner body into the room. The indoor gas is sucked by the cross-flow fan from the suction grille, dust is removed by the electrostatic filter 1, and then introduced into the adsorbent 3 through the shutter 2. The odorous component contained in the room gas is adsorbed by the adsorbent. In this case, the shutter 2 is open and the shutter 5 is closed during adsorption. When the adsorbent reaches saturation due to the odorous component and the adsorptivity decreases, the shutter 2 is closed and the shutter 5 is opened according to a command from the microcomputer b. The heater 4 operates in response to the same command from the microcomputer b to heat the adsorbent 3 to desorb the odorous component from the adsorbent, and decompose the odorous component on the deodorizing catalyst 6 to deodorize it. The clean gas thus dedusted and deodorized is discharged through the cross-flow fan C into the room through the exhaust port E in the lower part of the air conditioner body.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an air purifier according to the present invention, in which the deodorizing device according to the first embodiment is provided in the air purifier. As shown, air cleaner in this embodiment inlet a is suction grille A _c of the indoor _air, the electrostatic filter 1, a shutter 2 and 5, the adsorbent 3 composed of activated carbon, deodorizing catalyst 6, the room air A cross-flow fan C _c for introducing into the air purifier body, and an exhaust port E _c for discharging the air that has flowed through the air purifier body into the room are provided. The indoor gas is sucked into the main body of the air purifier by the cross-flow fan from the suction grille, flows through the electrostatic filter 1, the shutter 2, the adsorbent 3, the shutter 5, and the deodorizing catalyst 6 to be dedusted and deodorized. Dust, clean gas after deodorization is discharged into the room from the exhaust port E _c of the air cleaner main body rear. In this case, dust removal, adsorption / desorption of odorous components by the adsorbent, opening / closing of the shutter, and decomposition / deodorization of odorous components are the same as in the third embodiment.

Next, specific examples of the deodorizing catalyst suitable for use in the deodorizing device according to the present invention will be described.

Example 1 Honeycomb structure alumina (20 x 50 mm) is the active ingredient
20% by weight of Co ₃ O ₄ was impregnated in alumina, dried at 150 ° C. for 2 hours, and calcined at 300 ° C. for 2 hours. Then, Ag was 0.1% by weight with respect to alumina and Pt was 0.1% with respect to alumina. % To be used as a deodorizing catalyst. This deodorizing catalyst is installed in the air conditioner.

Example 2 The active ingredient of the deodorizing catalyst in Example 1 was changed from Co ₃ O ₄ to MnO ₂
To be used as a deodorizing catalyst. Others are the same as in the first specific example.

Example 3 The active ingredient of the deodorizing catalyst in Example 1 was changed from Co ₃ O ₄ to MnO ₂
Are simultaneously impregnated with 10% by weight of alumina,
After drying and baking, Ag and Pt are added respectively to the surface to obtain a deodorizing catalyst. Others are the same as in the first specific example.

When the above deodorizing catalyst was installed in an air conditioner and the decomposition rate of odorous components was measured, the following results were obtained. As a measurement condition, a simulated gas containing 50 ppm of acetaldehyde as a typical example of odor components was flowed at a rate of 2 / hour, and acetaldehyde on the inlet side and the outlet side of the air conditioner was analyzed. The temperature of the catalyst was 50 ° C.

When the catalysts in Examples 1 and 3 were used, the decomposition rate of acetaldehyde was 95% from the reaction start to 500 hours, and when the catalyst in Example 2 was used, the acetaldehyde decomposition rate was 600 hours from the reaction start. The decomposition rate was 90%. It can be seen that the decomposition activity is high in any case.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, the deodorizing device of the present invention has a high dust removing / deodorizing ability and can maintain the above ability for a long period of time.

Further, in the deodorizing apparatus of the present invention, the adsorption in the adsorption / desorption step is carried out at a temperature of 5 to 30 ° C., the desorption is carried out at a temperature of 30 to 100 ° C., and the decomposition is carried out at a temperature of 10 to 100 ° C., more preferably 1
By performing each at a temperature of 0 to 70 ° C., there is no fear that the adsorption capacity and the decomposition capacity will be reduced due to the generation of by-products, and the high capacity can be maintained and the efficiency is good.

Further, the deodorizing device of the present invention has a simple structure, but can reliably remove dust or odorous components, and can obtain high dust removing and deodorizing effects.

Furthermore, the air conditioner or the air purifier of the present invention removes dust and odor of air containing dust and odor components in the room, and always maintains normal indoor air to promote and maintain health,
It contributes to the purification and improvement of the environment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a deodorizing device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram explaining the deodorizing stage. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the deodorizing device according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the deodorizing stage. FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an air conditioner according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an air conditioner according to the present invention. 1 ... Electrostatic filter, 2,2 ₂ ...... Shutter, 3,3 ₂ …… Adsorbent, 4,4 ₂ …… Heating heater, 5,5 ₂ …… Shutter, 6,6 ₂ ……
... deodorizing catalyst, 7,7 ₂ ...... heater, 8 ...... charging device,
9 ... Dust filter a, a ₂ ...... First odor sensor, a ', a ₂ ...... Second odor sensor, b, b ₂ ...... Microcomputer, A ... Suction grill, B ...
... heat exchanger, C ...... cross-flow fan, D ...... air conditioner body, E ...... outlet A _c ...... inlet grill, _{C c} ...... cross-flow fan, _{D c} ...
... air cleaner body, E c _...... exhaust port

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location B01D 53/04 F 53/34 ZAB 53/81 53/86 B03C 3/02 B 8925-4D B01D 53 / 36 H (72) Inventor Reiji Naka, 800, Tomita, Ohira-cho, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi Prefecture, Tochigi Plant, Hitachi Ltd. (72) Teruo Tsunoda, 800, Tomita, Ohira-cho, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi Ltd., Hitachi, Ltd. Tochigi Plant ( 72) Inventor Shoichi Kitahata 800 Tomita, Ohira-cho, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi Hitachi Co., Ltd. Tochigi Plant (72) Inventor Akio Motochi 4026 Kuji-cho, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Hitachi Co., Ltd. Person Noriko Watanabe 4026 Kuji Town, Hitachi City, Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi Research Laboratory, Hitachi Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-60-820 (JP, A)

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A dust removal filter for filtering dust from a gas containing dust and odor components, an adsorbent disposed downstream of the dust removal filter for adsorbing and desorbing odorous components in the gas, and downstream of the adsorbent. A first odor sensor that detects the placed odor component and emits a signal of the detection result, an odor component heating unit that heats the odor component adsorbed by the adsorbent to desorb it from the adsorbent, and adsorption by heating the odor component When the desorption of the odorous component from the material is completed and the outflow of the odorous component from the adsorbent is detected, the second odor sensor that emits a signal of the detection result and the odorous component desorbed from the adsorbent are detected. The odor component decomposing means for decomposing, and heating of the odor component heating means in response to the signal of the first odor sensor, the odor component heating means of the second odor sensor corresponding to the signal of the second odor sensor. Deodorizing device being characterized in that a control means allowed to exit the heat. 2. The deodorizing device according to claim 1, further comprising a charging device for charging a gas to be treated upstream of the dust removal filter. 3. The deodorizing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the odor component heating means is a means for heating the adsorbent by energizing the adsorbent. 4. The odor component decomposing means includes a deodorizing catalyst and a deodorizing catalyst heating means for heating the deodorizing catalyst, and the control means is means for controlling heating of the odor component heating means and the deodorizing catalyst heating means. The deodorizing device according to claim 1. 5. A deodorizing catalyst is alumina, silica, magnesia, calcia, zirconia, barrier, manganese, copper,
The deodorizing device according to claim 4, comprising one or more components selected from iron, nickel, and cobalt, and silver and platinum. 6. The dust-removing filter is made of one or more kinds of filtration materials selected from polyester, polypropylene non-woven fabric, and open-cell urethane foam. The deodorizing device described in that section. 7. The adsorbent is activated carbon, zeolite, alumina,
The deodorizing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising one or more adsorbents selected from silica, zirconia, and porous ceramics. 8. A suction grill for taking indoor air into the main body, a fan for introducing the air into the main body, a heat exchanger,
In an air conditioner having a discharge port for discharging the air passing through the inside of the body, the deodorizing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in an air circulation path from the suction grill to the discharge port. An air conditioner characterized by being provided with. 9. An air purifier having a suction grill for taking indoor air into the main body, a fan for introducing the air into the main body, and a discharge opening for discharging air passing through the main body into the room, wherein the discharge opening is provided from the suction grill. An air purifier comprising the deodorizing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in an air circulation path up to.