JPH0718400B2 - Hydroelectric generator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to an improvement of a hydroelectric generator that particularly utilizes pressure water of a mixed sand and sand flow.

[Prior art]

A conventional generator using mixed pressured water of earth and sand will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, 1 is a runner, 2 is a water wheel axle, 3
Is a guide vane, 4 is a speed ring, 5 is a spiral casing, 6 is a water turbine upper cover, 7 is a water turbine lower cover, 8 is a generator shaft, and 9 is a thrust bearing. Also, 10 is a rotor, 11
Is a stator, 12 is a generator upper shaft, 13 is an upper bearing, and 17 is a motor cover. A thrust bearing 9 is directly supported on the upper portion of the water turbine upper cover 6, the generator shaft 8 is directly connected to the upper portion of the thrust bearing 9, and a rotor 10 is connected to the generator upper shaft 12 to which the generator shaft 8 is attached. That is, the generator shaft 8 is flanged below the rotor 10. The guide vane 3 is adapted to be driven by a servo motor (not shown). The upper shaft 12 of the generator is the rotor 10
In order to move the horizontal upper cover 6, the runner 1 and the water wheel shaft 2 to the upper part, the rotor 10 must be disassembled and removed, and then the generator shaft 8 must be taken out upward. It was.

In the above structure, the power generation is performed by rotating the runner 1 by the pressure water flowing from the casing 5 through the speed ring 4 and the guide vanes 3 into the runner 1, thereby driving the generator shaft 8 through the water wheel shaft 2. This is performed by rotating the machine rotor 10. In the high-pressure water that rotationally drives the runner 1, a large amount of earth and sand flows during a flood, and, for example, as seen in the example of the mainland China, it contains a large amount of earth and sand at all times throughout the year. Water may flow. Due to the sediment-containing water, the parts in contact with the running water are in a state of being abraded by the sediment and will be consumed as time passes. In this case, the wear resistance of the materials that make up these parts is not sufficient, or if the content of earth and sand in running water is large, or if earth and sand constantly flow, the parts will wear out rapidly and wear will progress in a short time. .
For this reason, the function of the water turbine is lowered, that is, the efficiency is lowered and the thrust load is increased, so that frequent repair work is required.

On the other hand, the repair work of the guide vanes 3 and the cover liner is conventionally carried out in the installed state in the case of slight damage, but in other cases, it is customary to carry out the complete disassembly including the generator. Is. In the former case, since the working environment is bad as described later, there are problems in work efficiency, work reliability, and worker safety. In the latter case, it takes a lot of time to completely disassemble and requires a lot of work man-hours, and it takes a long time to recover, so that the amount of generated electric power is reduced and the facility operation rate is lowered.

As shown in FIG. 2 of the embodiment of the present invention, conventionally, the parts that are severely worn are the positions 1A to 1D and the positions 1E, 1F and 1H in the runner 1. Positions 1E, 1F, 1H are the outer peripheral part, which faces the fixed part and has a slit to minimize the outflow of high-pressure water from this facing part. . In addition, the liners 3A and 3B of the guide vanes 3 and the positions of the turbine upper and lower covers 6 and 7 facing the runner 1 and the guide vanes 3.
6A, 6B, 7A, 7B mounting position is also severely worn. For this reason, these parts should be made of highly wear-resistant material at the position of the runner 1.
1A ~ 1D, 1E, 1F, 1H, buildup on the guide vane 3 positions 3A, 3B, and each liner 6A, 6B, 7A, 7B position is removable liner structure for easy repair or replacement Is generally used. Since the rotor 10 is integrated with the generator upper shaft 12 as described above, in order to move the turbine upper cover 6, the runner 1 and the turbine shaft 2 upward, the rotor 10
Need to disassemble and carry out. In order to avoid this, repair work for damaged parts such as the runner 1, guide vanes 3 and liners is often performed in the installed state, but in the installed state the working environment is deteriorated because the internal deposit and the thermal spraying work handle the atmosphere. It is not preferable in terms of safety, and it is difficult to hire for work, resulting in poor workability and inefficient quality control of repair work. In addition, the liner structure at positions 1E, 1F, 1H, liner, and 6A, 6B, 7A, 7B cannot be replaced or repaired, so the generator must be disassembled.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the conventional structure, when water turbine parts such as runners and guide vanes are worn and repair work is performed, consideration is given to disassembling and moving the necessary related parts of the water turbine generator as much as necessary. In addition, there is a problem that the work environment and safety cannot be set in a preferable state, and work reliability is insufficient.

The present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and improves the work environment in the case of performing repair work on horizontal parts to improve safety,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a hydraulic power generator that improves workability, obtains certainty of work, reduces work man-hours, and shortens power generation stoppage period.

[Means for solving problems]

The above-mentioned object is to provide a water turbine shaft to which a runner is fixed, which is driven and rotated by high pressure water through a spiral casing, a speed ring and a guide vane, and a generator shaft, which is connected to an upper portion of the water turbine shaft and has a rotor fixed to the outer periphery. The generator shaft and the rotor are detachably fixed, and the rotor held at a predetermined position is released from the rotor, and the generator shaft is formed so as to be taken out upward. Achieved by

[Action]

As shown in the description of the embodiments below, first, as shown in FIG. 3, after holding the rotor 10 at a predetermined position (position in the installed state), the generator cover 17 is removed and the generator shaft is removed. 8. Take out the thrust bearing 9 upward. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the water turbine upper cover 6 is lifted by a crane and held by the support 16 on the water turbine pit as shown. In this state, the liners 6A and 6B can be easily replaced or repaired, and other parts can be easily repaired. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the water turbine shaft 2 and the runner 1 are hoisted and appropriately supported, so that the runner 1 and the guide vanes 3 are respectively repaired at positions 1A to 1D, 1F, 1H, 3A, 3B, etc. It is possible to perform repairs, and whichever part is to be repaired, it is preferable in terms of safety in a wide space, that is, in a good working environment, and the work is easy and reliable repair work can be performed.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the same parts as those of the conventional one will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the structure of the same parts will be omitted.
It will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a repaired portion such as a runner and a guide vane that is severely worn. In the figure, reference numeral 14 is a support base for supporting the weight of the rotating parts of the turbine and the generator and the downward axial thrust load generated in the turbine runner 1 through the bearing 9. Reference numeral 15 is a servo motor that drives the guide vanes 3. Then, the outer diameter port of the thrust bearing 9 (or the outer diameter of the generator shaft 8 or the maximum outer diameter portion of this portion, which is the outer diameter of the thrust bearing 9 here), the flange attached to the generator shaft 8 of the rotor 10. Lower part, upper inner diameter D ₂ , D ₄ ,
The outer diameter of the mounting portion of the rotor 10 of the generator shaft 8 is D _3, and the relationship between the diameters is D ₄ > D ₃ > D ₂ > D ₁ . Therefore, a mounting bolt (not shown) is removed between the turbine main shaft 2 and the generator shaft 8, and the rotor 10 and the generator shaft 8 are removed.
Remove the mounting bolts (not shown) for the generator cover
By removing 17, the generator shaft 8 and the thrust bearing 9 can be carried out upward by a crane, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram after carrying out. Therefore, the rotor 10 and the generator shaft 8 are disengaged and the generator shaft 8 and the like are carried out upward, so that a space in the pit between the generator and the water turbine can be secured. still,
The space between the upper surface of the water turbine upper cover 6 and the lower surface of the rotor 10 shown in FIG. 1 has been conventionally provided for maintenance and inspection.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the water turbine upper cover 6 and the thrust bearing support 14 are lifted by a crane, and this portion is held in the water turbine chamber pit by an appropriate support 16. In this state,
It is possible to repair or replace the liners 6A and 6B of the water turbine upper cover 6 shown in FIG. 2, and in some cases repair the positions 1A to 1D and 1E of the Nanna 1 and the positions 3A and 3B of the guide vanes 3. You can go. Reference numeral 18 is a stem driven by the servomotor 15. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the water turbine main shaft 2 and the runner 1 are connected to each other by hoisting them with a crane and supporting them with an appropriate support, so that the positions 1F, 1H on the outer peripheral surface of the runner 1 and the liner 7B of the water turbine lower cover 7 are supported. It is possible to repair. The liner 7A of the water wheel lower cover 7 can be obtained by lifting the guide vane 3. Therefore, after the generator shaft 8 is removed together with the thrust bearing 9, the turbine upper cover 6, the support base 14, etc. are provided directly above the turbine upper cover 6 in the space occupied in the assembled state of the thrust bearing 9 and the generator shaft 8. By hoisting and holding at a predetermined position, a large space occupied by the water turbine upper cover 6 in the assembled state is formed, and further, the runner 1,
The attitude of the runner 1 can be changed by hoisting the water wheel shaft 2 as shown in FIG. Therefore, when overlaying repair or thermal spraying work is performed on a portion of the runner 1 or the guide vanes 3 where wear is severe, hiring for work is easier to use than before, and work efficiency is improved. In addition, since the work can be performed in an environment in which the ventilation during the work can be sufficiently performed, safety is ensured and the quality of the repair section after the work can be ensured.

Further, since the thrust bearing 9 and the support base 14 are mounted on the turbine top cover 6, the space of the turbine compartment pit is shortened as the minimum space for maintenance, and the generator shaft 8 is shortened. The height of the water tank can be formed to the minimum necessary height according to the specifications of the water turbine such as the output, the head and the number of revolutions.

As described above, in the hydroelectric generator of the present embodiment, the generator shaft is separated from the rotor so that the rotor shaft can be taken out from above.Therefore, it is not necessary to take out the rotor, and the turbine cover and runner are sequentially installed in the space where the generator shaft is removed when repairing the turbine part. Since it can be moved, it is possible to obtain a work environment in which repair work can be easily performed. To restate, (1) the safety of repair work can be greatly improved.

(2) It is possible to freely consider the use such as temporary employment for repair work compared to the conventional one, and workability and efficiency can be significantly improved, work man-hours can be remarkably reduced, and power plant downtime can be shortened.

(3) When replacing liners, the working time can be shortened to about 1/10 of the conventional time.

(4) As a result of the work safety and workability being improved, the quality of the repair section is greatly improved, and therefore the durability of the repair section can be improved and the repair pitch can be lengthened.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, the hydroelectric generator of the present invention can improve the working environment when repairing turbine components, improve safety, workability, ensure the work, reduce the number of work steps, and reduce the power generation suspension period. This has the effect of shortening.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an essential part of an embodiment of the hydroelectric generator of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a repaired part of FIG. Each of the drawings is an explanatory view of component movement when repairing the turbine component of the generator of FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a main part of a conventional turbine generator. 1 ... Runner, 2 ... Water wheel axle, 3 ... Guide vane, 4
...... Speed ring, 5 …… Casing, 6 …… turbine top cover, 8 …… generator shaft, 9 …… thrust bearing, 10 ……
Rotor.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A water wheel shaft having a fixed runner, which is driven and rotated by high-pressure water supplied through a spiral casing, a speed ring, and a guide vane, and a generator shaft, which is connected to an upper portion of the water wheel shaft and has a rotor fixed to its outer periphery. In the provided one, the generator shaft and the rotor are detachably fixed, and the rotor held at a predetermined position is unfixed from the rotor so that the generator shaft can be taken out upward. A hydroelectric generator characterized in that 2. A thrust bearing fixed on an upper cover of a turbine for supporting a weight supported by the turbine shaft and the generator shaft and a vertical axial thrust load generated on the turbine shaft, and an outer diameter of the generator shaft. The hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, further comprising: the rotor having an inner diameter larger than an outer circumference of the thrust bearing having a larger diameter.