JPH0718676B2 - Proximity fuze - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention comprises an active radio wave and light wave target detector and a target guiding device for capturing and tracking a target object. And calculate
The present invention relates to a proximity fuze device that adjusts and sends an initiation signal to a warhead so that a bullet piece hits the center of a target object at an optimum timing.

[Prior Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

Conventionally, this type of near body fuze device for a flying vehicle detects a penetration target object by receiving a reflected wave from the target object with a reception beam when the target object passes through a projection beam of a radio wave or a light wave. In this case, when the reflected wave from the target object is detected by the reception beam, the detonation signal is sent out immediately or after a predetermined fixed delay time. The proximity fuze device that performs such a detonation operation does not always operate at the optimum position and timing depending on the relative relationship with the target object. Therefore, in the radio wave or light wave type proximity fuze device in which the initiation timing is set by using the relative velocity signal from the target object from another device of the flying object, the initiation timing relative to the relative velocity can be set. , It was not possible to set the detonation timing for the distance (miss distance) to the point where the target object hits the bullet piece.

(A) Therefore, the initiation delay of the warhead until it explodes due to the initiation signal, (b) the distance until the bullet pieces scatter and reach the target object, and (c) the miss distance point through which the target object passes. It required a certain amount of time. As a result, if the target object passes a distance from the projectile, the target object may pass before the bullet fragments reach the target object, or if the target object is close to the target object, The bullets may be scattered before the object passes, causing the inconvenience that the target object does not necessarily meet within the scattering range of the bullets of the warhead, the warhead is destroyed against the target, There was a drawback that it could not be done effectively.

Especially in recent years, it is necessary for the target attack object of the flying object to shoot down in a wide range of relative speeds from a high-speed flying object (for example, SSM) to a cruise flying object or a low-speed target object such as a rotorcraft. There has been a problem that the optimum initiation timing signal cannot be transmitted.

In addition, in the case of a lightwave type proximity fuze device, sunlight coming in from directions other than the quadrant in which an intruding target object exists, reflected light from surrounding clouds or fog, sun reflected light from the ground surface, and interference. On the other hand, due to light or the like, in the near wave fuze device of the radio wave system, there is a drawback that these near fuze devices are "blinded" or malfunction due to jamming radio waves or the like.

An object of the present invention is to project two types of projection beams using radio waves or light waves on a target object coming in.
The reflected wave from the target object is received by a reception beam to output a target detection signal, and a signal from a target guiding device that captures and tracks the target object is used to generate a radio wave or a light wave.
The projection beam of each species is tilted in the forward direction of the flying object at different angles, and the detection time delay and the detection completion time of the target object associated with each beam are selected, and the target time is selected from the respective selected times. An object of the present invention is to obtain a close fuze device in which a detonation signal is generated at an optimum timing such that a bullet piece is struck at the center of an object to maximize the effect of destroying the warhead against a target.

Another object of the present invention is to allow a proximity fuze device itself to pass near a target from a projectile without receiving position information of the target from another device such as a target guiding device in the target forward attack projectile. By estimating the distance, a detonation signal is generated at an optimum timing so that a bullet piece of a warhead collides with an optimum destruction position of a target object, and a close fuze device with improved shooting ability is obtained.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a proximity fuze device equipped with a radio wave type and a light wave type target detector, for example, in the case of interference from the enemy side, when the light wave is disturbed. Detects a target object and sends out a detonation signal, and when it receives radio wave interference, the lightwave type target detector detects the target object and sends out a detonation signal, thereby functioning against interference from the enemy side. An object of the present invention is to provide a proximity fuze device that can be dealt with without damage.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

According to the present invention, there is provided a proximity fuze device mounted on a flying object, which projects a radio wave or light wave projection beam as a first projection beam onto an intruding target object, and reflects the reflected wave from the target object. A first target detector for receiving a received beam to detect a target object, projecting a projection beam of a radio wave or a light wave as a second projection beam to the invading target object,
A second target detector that receives the reflected wave from the target object with a reception beam and detects the target object, a target guidance device for the flying object that captures and tracks the target object, and a target direction signal from the target guidance device A quadrant converter that sends a control signal converted to the direction of arrival of the target to the first and second target detectors, a time from the start to completion of detection of the target object, and a relative speed signal from the target guiding device. A target length calculator for sending the center signal of the target object derived by the following to the detonation timing generator, first from the first and second projection beams,
An association time detector that detects the time from the detection start to the completion of the detection of the target object using any of the second target detection signals and sends a shape signal corresponding to the target object length to the target length calculator. The time difference signal output from the time detector is divided by the relative speed signal from the target guiding device to correct the speed, and the corrected time difference signal and the first and second projection beam angles are used to obtain the target object. Miss distance calculator for obtaining the miss distance passing near the flying object, and the input of the miss distance calculator output, the target object center signal, and the relative velocity signal from the target guiding device, A detonation timing generator that sends an optimum detonation signal to the warhead so that the object collides with the center of the target object, and a proximity fuze device,
Will be provided.

[Work]

In the device of the present invention, two types of beams of radio waves or light waves are projected in the forward direction in a cone shape in all circumferential directions around the axis of the flying object,
Relative velocity and target direction of a first target detector and a second target detector of an active system capable of detecting a target object coming in and a target guiding device of a flying object for capturing and tracking the target object And the like, and the first and second projection beams are set by shifting a predetermined angle and set to 2 in the forward direction.
The delay in the meeting time between the heavily tilted beams and the invading target object is detected, and the difference in the detection time and the relative speed signal from the target guiding device cause the distance that the target object passes near the flying object (miss Distance), that is, the distance at which a bullet piece hits is accurately estimated. In addition, the time from the start to the completion of detection of the target object is detected, the timing at which the center of the target object passes is estimated from the relative speed signal, and the detonation is performed so that the bullet piece hits the center of the target object. It has the function of sending out signals at the right time to maximize the destruction effect.

Also, by using the signal in the target direction from the target guidance device, it affects unnecessary sunlight, reflected light from surrounding clouds or fog, sun reflected light from the ground surface, disturbing light, etc. for the light wave target detector. The target object can be accurately detected by operating only in the direction in which the target object exists in the quadrant without being affected by unwanted interference waves, etc. Is.

〔Example〕

A proximity fuze device 10 as one embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a first target detector 1 and a second target detector 2 for transmitting and receiving radio waves or light waves to and from the target object 20 to determine the position of the target object 20, and detects the respective targets. The outputs of the devices 1 and 2 are sent to the meeting time detector 5, and the output thereof calculates the miss distance and the target length via the miss distance calculator 6 and the target length calculator 7 to determine the detonation timing. The respective calculation outputs are sent to the generator 8 and the detonation signal is sent to the warhead.

That is, the device 10 shown in FIG. 1 outputs signals from the respective output signals of the first target detector 1 and the second target detector 2 of the active type radio wave or light wave, and the target guiding device (for example, homing device) of the flying object. As an output, a target direction signal (azimuth angle and elevation angle) with the target and a relative velocity signal V _C
Thus, the present invention relates to a proximity fuze device in which a bullet piece of a warhead is made to accurately strike an intruding target object 20 at an optimum timing. Thus, the pair of target detectors 1, 2
Both the light wave method and the radio wave method can detect the presence of an intruding target object in four quadrant directions, or more quadrant directions, or all directions around the axis of the flying object. It is also equipped with a device. Regarding this, for example, Japanese Patent Application Nos. 63-154967 and 63-
176484 can be referenced.

The combination of target detectors used here is a combination of radio wave method and light wave method, for example, microwave and laser wave, microwave and millimeter wave, millimeter wave and laser wave, etc. It is possible to select the appropriate combination method from the viewpoint of the flight system operation by taking advantage of its features.

As shown in FIG. 2, each of the radio wave and light wave projection beams is the second projection beam in which the first projection beam using the radio wave method or the light wave method is provided in the forward direction of the guided vehicle at an inclination angle θ _1. Are set to the inclination angle θ ₂ , respectively, and the intruding target object is detected. Generally, each of the projected beams has a beam width, but it is represented by a straight line here.

Tilt angles θ ₁ and θ _{2 of} the first and second projection beams
With respect to, the optimum tilt angle is set in consideration of the operational data of the flying object (speed with respect to the intruding target object and the flying object equipped with the proximity fuze device) and the response of the target detector to the target detection.

Normally, the target distance of the projection beam is long and the target detector with slow detection response is set in the front. However, the effective distance of the projection beam is comparatively long and it is difficult to project in the forward direction. A target detector that is hard to tilt and has a quick detection response is used by setting it on the rear side.

Here, the first and second projection beam angles θ ₁ and θ _{2 in} which the radio wave system is set to the front side and the light wave system is set to the rear side will be described as an example.

Target objects entering the projection beams of the respective target detectors _first meet at point a ₁ of the first projection beam and the target detection signal V _a1 is transmitted, as shown in FIG. 2, for example.
Then, the target detection signal V _a2 is met by a ₂ point of the second projection beam.
Is sent.

The time difference in which the target object meets the first and second projection beams changes depending on the distance (miss distance M _D ) that the target object passes in the vicinity of the flying object. Therefore, the miss distance M _D is obtained from the relationship between the first and second tilt angles θ ₁ and θ ₂ of the projection beam and the passage time difference τ of the target object.

Here, the relative velocity V _C of the target object is different by the attack target object, correct miss distance from the target guidance device 3 of the projectile to correct the transit time difference τ of the target object using the relative velocity signal V _C Let M _D.

As shown in FIG. 1, the passing time difference τ is obtained by inputting the target detection signals V _a1 and V _a2 from the first and second projection beams to the meeting time detector 5, respectively, and comparing these two input signals. The delay of the detection time is detected and the time difference signal Vτ is transmitted.

The miss distance calculator 6 performs speed correction by dividing the time difference signal Vτ by the relative speed signal V _C from the target guiding device 3, and then corrects the time difference signal V _{τ C} and the projection beam angles θ ₁ and θ ₂ . distance target object passes near the induction flying body (miss distance M _D) wherein the More accurately, it is sent to the detonation timing generator as an accurate miss distance signal V _MD . FIG. 3 shows a characteristic example of the corrected meeting time difference and the miss distance.

Further, the meeting time detector 5 detects the time from the detection start to the completion of the target object by using the signal of either the target detection signal V _a1 or V _a2 from the first or second projection beam,
The shape signal V _TL corresponding to the target object length T _L as shown in FIG. 4 is sent to the target length calculator 7.

The target length calculator 7 generates the center signal V _TC of the derived target object based on the time _TL from the start of detection to the completion and the relative speed signal V _C from the target guiding device, and the detonation timing generator 8
Send to.

The detonation timing generator 8 uses the miss distance signal V _MD , the target center signal V _TC, and the relative velocity signal V _C from the target guiding device to cause the projectile of the warhead to move to the center T of the target object.
_An optimal detonation signal is sent to the warhead so as to strike _C.

Here, the time T until the bullet piece hits the target object
_F is obtained from T _F = M _D / V _WH by the miss distance M _D and the fragment flying velocity V _WH .

On the other hand, the time T _D for the target object to reach the bullet point scattering center point a ₃ of the warhead from the second projection beam detection point a ₂ is the second projection beam angle θ _{2 as} shown in FIG. The deviation between the center of the warhead and the warhead, D _WH , the miss distance M _D, and the relative velocity signal V _C give T _D = [(cot θ ₂ × M _D ) + D _WH ] / V _C , and the target object The time T _C for passing the point a ₃ to reach the center point is obtained by T _C = T _L / V _C · 2.

Therefore, in order to strike the bullet piece at the center of the target object in a timely manner, the time (T _F , T _D ,
From T _C ), the detonation signal is adjusted for the time of (ΔT) by the following formula T _F − (T _D + T _C ) = ΔT and sent to the warhead. Here, the detection response time of the target detector and the time until the detonation of the warhead are included in ΔT.

As a result, a bullet piece hits the center of the target object, the power of the warhead can be fully utilized, and the target shooting ability can be improved.

The quadrant converter 4 uses a target direction signal (azimuth angle, elevation angle) from the target guiding device 3 in the case of a target detector capable of detecting four quadrants or more quadrants to arrive at the target object. It is converted to the quadrant direction and is sent to the first target detector 1 and the second target detector 2 as a control signal of the target arrival quadrant system.

As shown in Fig. 5, the signal in the target direction has a positive voltage value in the right direction, a negative voltage value in the left direction, and an elevation angle in the upper direction when the azimuth angle is viewed from behind with the aircraft axis as the center. A positive voltage value in the direction and a negative voltage value in the downward direction are input to the quadrant converter 4 as a signal having a voltage characteristic proportional to the angle, and as shown in FIG. 6, the azimuth angle and the elevation angle are positive and negative. Quadrant signal (I, II, III, I
V) is sent. When the target object is present near quadrants I and II, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the azimuth angle is set by a normally used comparator circuit so that a voltage threshold value near zero degree is set as shown in FIG. Set it, and if the voltage value is lower than that value, there is no signal. 6th in this state
As shown in the figure, the azimuth angle has no voltage value, and the control signals of quadrants I and II are sent out only by the negative voltage signal of the elevation angle. For the incoming target object near the adjacent quadrant boundaries, both quadrant systems are activated to ensure the detection and coping function.

The detection operation is similarly performed for the elevation angle as shown in FIG. Although the target direction signal from the target guiding device is used here, quadrant signals (I, II, III, IV) or the like may be used as long as the quadrant signal can be output from the target guiding device. Further, when the target exists near the quadrants I and II and III and IV, an ON signal is output to all of the quadrant converter output signals I to IV as shown in FIG. .

The first target detector 1 receives a control signal (I, II, III, IV) and operates only the quadrant system necessary for target detection that comes in, detects the target, and inputs it to another quadrant system. Block unwanted signals such as interfering waves. Further, by stopping the transmission, it is possible to make it difficult for the enemy side to detect.

Similarly, the second target detector 2 also has control signals (I, II, III, IV)
The target object is detected by operating only the quadrant system necessary for detecting the target object coming in and received. As a result, reflected light from surrounding clouds, fog, etc. from outside the target detection quadrant,
It is possible to avoid a momentary blinding state or a malfunction due to unnecessary signals such as sunlight reflected light from the ground surface, reflected light from the ground surface of the first and second projection beams of itself, and unwanted light.

[Effect]

It receives each projection beam from the first target detector and the second target detector using the radio wave or light wave method and the velocity information of the target object coming from the target guiding device, and passes the vicinity of the flying object. The target miss distance and the length of the target object are obtained, and the power of the warhead is improved by adjusting the detonation signal and sending it so that the projectile of the warhead strikes the center of the target object at the optimum timing. It has the effect of maximizing the use and improving the shooting efficiency. In addition, by combining it with a directional warhead, the power of the warhead can be further increased, and it is possible to reduce the size of the warhead compared with the conventional warhead. The effect that it can be stretched can be expected.

By controlling the target detection quadrant direction using the target direction signal from the target guidance device, interference with radio waves and light waves against quadrants other than the target direction, especially reflection by surrounding clouds, fog, etc. in the light wave Waves, sunlight, light reflected from the ground surface, etc. can be avoided, which can reduce the momentary blindness due to unnecessary signals or malfunctions.
There is an improvement effect that the target object can be reliably detected.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a proximity fuze device as one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view in which the first projection beam and the second projection beam are set with inclination angles θ ₁ and θ ₂ and set in FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an operation of detecting a target, FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram of an association time difference and a miss distance after velocity correction, and FIG. 4 is a curve diagram for explaining a shape signal corresponding to a target object length. Figure 5 shows the signals that indicate the quadrant of the arrival of the target by setting the azimuth angle and elevation angle centered on the aircraft axis, and Figure 6 shows the target direction signal (azimuth angle and elevation). Angle) and the quadrant output signal in each quadrant, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are characteristic diagrams of the voltage threshold with respect to the azimuth angle and the elevation angle, respectively. 1 ... Radio wave target detector, 2 ... Light wave target detector, 3 ... Target induction device, 4 ... Quadrant converter, 5 ... Meeting time detector, 6 ... Miss distance calculator, 7 ... Target Long calculator, 8 ... Explosion timing generator, 10 ... Proximity fuze device, 20 ... Target object, 111, 121 ... Receiver, 112, 122 ... Beam projector.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A proximity fuze device mounted on a flying object, the first target detector projecting a first projection beam onto an intruding target object and receiving a reflected wave from the target object. A second target detector that projects a second projection beam onto an intruding target object and receives a reflected wave from the target object; a target guiding device for the flying object that captures and tracks the target object; A quadrant converter that sends a control signal converted in the incoming quadrant direction of the target object using the target direction signal from the target guiding device to the first and second target detectors, from the start to the end of detection of the target object. A target length calculator that sends a center signal of the target object derived from the time and the relative velocity signal from the target guiding device to the detonation timing generator; first and second projection beams from the first and second projection beams. One of the target detection signals An association time detector that detects the time from the start to the completion of detection of the target object by using it and sends a shape signal corresponding to the target object length to the target length calculator; An error in which the target object passes near the projectile due to the time difference signal after correction and the first and second projection beam angles by performing division by the relative speed signal from the target guiding device to correct the speed. By inputting the miss distance calculator for obtaining the distance, and the output of the miss distance calculator, the target center signal, and the relative velocity signal from the target guiding device,
A detonation timing generator that sends an optimum detonation signal to the warhead so that a piece of the warhead collides with the center of the target object. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the target direction signals from the target guiding device are an azimuth angle and an elevation angle. 3. The first and second projected beam angles are θ ₁ and θ, respectively.
₂ , time difference is τ, relative speed signal from the target guidance device is V
When _{C, the} miss distance M _D is expressed by the following equation in which the target object passes by the projectile The device of claim 1, characterized by: 4. The miss distance is M _D , the fragment flying speed is V _WH , and the time until the projectile of the warhead hits the target object is T.
The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, when expressed by _F , the time T _F is given by the following formula: T _F = M _D / V _WH . 5. A target object length is T _L , a relative velocity signal is V _C, and a time T _C required for the target object to pass through a bullet fragment scattering center point of the warhead to reach the center point of the target object is given by the following equation T Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is represented by _C = (T _L / 2 · V _C ). 6. The time required for the target object to reach the center of dispersion of the projectile of the warhead from the detection point of the second projection beam, T _D , the second projection beam angle θ ₂ , the miss distance M _D , and the projector. when the shift of the center of the warhead to D _WH, the relative speed between V _C and,
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein T _D is represented by the following formula T _D = {(cotθ ₂ × M _D ) + D _WH } / V _C.