JPH0721318B2 - Polymer composite material - Google Patents
Polymer composite materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0721318B2 JPH0721318B2 JP2127387A JP12738790A JPH0721318B2 JP H0721318 B2 JPH0721318 B2 JP H0721318B2 JP 2127387 A JP2127387 A JP 2127387A JP 12738790 A JP12738790 A JP 12738790A JP H0721318 B2 JPH0721318 B2 JP H0721318B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- composite material
- ptfe
- fiber
- polymer composite
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006303 teflon fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical group FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
- Sealing Devices (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） この発明は、例えば、パッキングやベアリング等の摺動
部材として用いられるような高分子複合材料に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a polymer composite material used as a sliding member such as packing and bearing.
（従来の技術） 従来、上述例のパッキング、ベアリング等の摺動部材と
して用いられる高分子複合材料としては、高分子材料に
対して、表面の摩擦係数を低減して、摺動特性の向上を
図る目的で、テフロン繊維［Teflon yearn、CF2−CF
2ｎ、アメリカのデュポン社製で、ポリ四フッ化エチ
レン系合成樹脂繊維の商品名］を充填する手段がある。(Prior Art) Conventionally, as a polymer composite material used as a sliding member such as the packing and the bearing in the above-mentioned example, the friction coefficient of the surface is reduced to improve the sliding characteristics as compared with the polymer material. Teflon fiber [Teflon yearn, CF 2 -CF
2 n, manufactured by DuPont, USA, trade name of polytetrafluoroethylene synthetic resin fiber].
しかし、上述のテフロン繊維は他の材料と親和性が悪
く、化学的に安定であるため、マトリックスとなる高分
子材料とテフロンの間には化学的な結合が生成されず、
高分子材料にこのテフロン繊維を充填することにより、
材料の引張り強度、耐摩耗性などの物理的性質が大幅に
低下し、摺動部材としての使用が困難となる問題点があ
った。However, since the above-mentioned Teflon fiber has a poor affinity with other materials and is chemically stable, no chemical bond is generated between the polymer material serving as the matrix and Teflon,
By filling the polymer material with this Teflon fiber,
There has been a problem that the physical properties of the material such as tensile strength and wear resistance are significantly reduced, making it difficult to use as a sliding member.
（発明の目的） この発明は、複合材料の物理的性質を大きく低下させる
ことなく、摩擦係数の大幅な低減を図ることができて、
摺動特性を著しく向上させることができる高分子複合材
料の提供を目的とする。(Object of the Invention) The present invention can significantly reduce the coefficient of friction without significantly deteriorating the physical properties of the composite material.
An object is to provide a polymer composite material capable of remarkably improving sliding characteristics.
（発明の構成） この発明は、繊維表面が活性化処理された長さ200〜500
μｍ、直径10〜50μｍのPTFE短繊維を、熱硬化性ポリウ
レタン、フェノール樹脂、ポリイミド、ポリアミドイミ
ド、エポキシ樹脂、不飽和ポリエステルなどの熱硬化性
樹脂に対して0.5〜5vol％の割合で充填した高分子複合
材料であることを特徴とする。(Structure of the Invention) This invention has a length of 200 to 500 in which the fiber surface is activated.
PTFE filled short fibers with a diameter of 10 μm and a diameter of 10 to 50 μm are filled at a rate of 0.5 to 5 vol% with respect to thermosetting resins such as thermosetting polyurethane, phenol resin, polyimide, polyamide imide, epoxy resin, and unsaturated polyester. It is characterized by being a molecular composite material.
（作用） この発明の高分子複合材料によれば、 PTFE短繊維の長さが200μｍ以下、または直径が10μ
ｍ以下の場合、PTFE繊維の長さが200μｍ以下である
と、繊維の表面を活性化処理したとしても繊維自体が帯
びている静電気により、PTFE繊維がクラスターを形成し
樹脂中への一様な分散が不可能となる。(Function) According to the polymer composite material of the present invention, the length of the PTFE short fiber is 200 μm or less, or the diameter is 10 μm.
When the length is less than m, when the length of the PTFE fiber is 200 μm or less, even if the surface of the fiber is activated, the static electricity of the fiber itself causes the PTFE fibers to form clusters and become uniform in the resin. Dispersion becomes impossible.
また、直径が10μｍ以下の場合は、繊維が弱く樹脂への
混練中に、樹脂の粘度に抗しきれず、繊維自体が引きち
ぎられ樹脂中への一様な分散が非常に難しい。When the diameter is 10 μm or less, the fiber is weak and the resin cannot resist the viscosity of the resin during kneading, and the fiber itself is torn off, and it is very difficult to uniformly disperse the resin in the resin.
加えて、直径が10μｍ以下のPTFE繊維は製造が非常に難
しい。In addition, PTFE fibers with a diameter of 10 μm or less are very difficult to manufacture.
PTFE短繊維の長さが500μｍ以上、または直径が50μ
ｍ以上の場合、 PTFE繊維の長さが500μｍ以上の場合は、繊維が粘度の
高い樹脂への混練中に自ら絡み合ってしまい、繊維物と
しての一様な分散が不可能である。The length of PTFE short fiber is 500μm or more, or the diameter is 50μ
If the length is m or more, and the length of the PTFE fiber is 500 μm or more, the fibers are entangled by themselves during kneading with a resin having high viscosity, and uniform dispersion as a fibrous material is impossible.
また、直径が50μｍ以上の場合は、マトリクスとなる樹
脂材料中のPTFE繊維の表面積が少なくなり、マトリクス
とPTFE繊維との密着力が低下するため、摺動中にPTFE繊
維が抜け落ちてしまい、良好な摩擦特性が得られない。Further, when the diameter is 50 μm or more, the surface area of the PTFE fibers in the resin material forming the matrix becomes small and the adhesion between the matrix and the PTFE fibers decreases, so the PTFE fibers fall off during sliding, which is good. It is not possible to obtain good friction characteristics.
したがって、この発明の特定した範囲であれば、これら
の問題点が解消し、以下の効果を持つ良好な高分子複合
材料を得ることができる （発明の効果） この発明によれば、PTFE短繊維の繊維表面を活性化処理
することにより、繊維表面のフッ素原子が引き抜かれ
て、カルボキシル基（carboxyl group、−COOH）、水
酸基（hydroxyl group、−OH）、アルキル基（alkyl r
adical、CmH2m+1、但しｍ≧１、略してＲ）等の活性な
官能基で置換される。Therefore, within the specified range of the present invention, these problems can be solved and a good polymer composite material having the following effects can be obtained (Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, PTFE short fibers By activating the fiber surface, the fluorine atoms on the fiber surface are removed, and the carboxyl group (carboxyl group, -COOH), hydroxyl group (hydroxyl group, -OH), alkyl group (alkyl r
It is substituted with an active functional group such as adical, CmH 2 m +1 where m ≧ 1 and R) for short.
そして、この繊維表面が活性化処理されたPTFE短繊維を
上述の熱硬化性樹脂に充填するとで、マトリックス樹脂
との間に一部化学的な結合ができる。By filling the thermosetting resin with the PTFE short fibers whose surface is activated, a partial chemical bond can be formed with the matrix resin.
この結果、複合材料の物理的性質を大きく低下させるこ
となく、摩擦係数の大幅な低減を図ることができて、摺
動特性を著しく向上させることができる効果がある。As a result, there is an effect that the friction coefficient can be significantly reduced and the sliding characteristics can be remarkably improved without significantly deteriorating the physical properties of the composite material.
（実施例） この発明の一実施例を以下に詳述する。(Example) An example of the present invention will be described in detail below.
繊維表面が活性化処理されたPTFE短繊維としてアクロン
（米国アクトン社のフッ素樹脂短繊維の商品名）を用
い、また熱硬化性樹脂としてTDI−ポリエステル系ウレ
タンプレポリマーを用いる。Akron (trade name of fluororesin short fiber manufactured by Acton, USA) is used as the PTFE short fiber whose surface is activated, and TDI-polyester urethane prepolymer is used as the thermosetting resin.
上述のアクロンは、PTFE短繊維をフロロエッチ安全溶剤
（エッチング溶剤）でエッチングして、PTFE短繊維の繊
維表面を活性化処理したもので、このようにPTFE短繊維
を活性化処理することにより、繊維表面のフッ素原子が
引き抜かれて、カルボキシル基（−COOH）、水酸基（−
OH）、アルキル基（Ｒ）等の化学的に活性な官能基（fu
nctional group、有機化合物の化学的特性を与える原子
または原子団）が生成されたものである。The above-mentioned Akron is one in which PTFE short fibers are etched with a fluoroetch safety solvent (etching solvent), and the fiber surface of the PTFE short fibers is activated. By activating the PTFE short fibers in this way, Fluorine atoms on the fiber surface are pulled out, and carboxyl groups (-COOH) and hydroxyl groups (-
OH), alkyl groups (R) and other chemically active functional groups (fu
nctional group, an atom or group of atoms that gives the chemical properties of an organic compound).
長さ200〜500μｍ、径10〜50μｍのアクロン（繊維表面
が活性化処理されたPTFE短繊維）を、TDI−ポリエステ
ル系ウレタンプレポリマーに対して2.5vol％の割合で充
填して、実施例の高分子複合材料を得た。The length of 200 to 500 μm and the diameter of 10 to 50 μm of Akron (PTFE short fiber whose surface is activated) were filled in a ratio of 2.5 vol% with respect to the TDI-polyester urethane prepolymer, A polymer composite material was obtained.
なお、混合に際しては、TDI−ポリエステル系ウレタン
プレポリマーへの気泡の混入を避けるために、真空ポン
プで排気しながら混合した。In addition, at the time of mixing, in order to avoid inclusion of bubbles in the TDI-polyester urethane prepolymer, mixing was performed while exhausting with a vacuum pump.
このようにして得られた実施例の高分子複合材料と、比
較例として他の材料を一切混合しない未充填のもの（比
較例１）、PTFE再生粉を2.5重量部充填したもの（比較
例２）、PTFE再生粉に表面処理が施されたものを2.5重
量部充填したもの（比較例３）とについて、それぞれ伸
び（％）、引裂き強度（kg f/cm）、静止摩擦係数、動
摩擦係数を実測した。The polymer composite material of the example obtained in this way and an unfilled one in which other materials were not mixed at all as a comparative example (Comparative Example 1) and one filled with 2.5 parts by weight of PTFE regenerated powder (Comparative Example 2). ), And 2.5 parts by weight of the PTFE reclaimed powder surface-treated (Comparative Example 3), the elongation (%), tear strength (kg f / cm), static friction coefficient, and dynamic friction coefficient were measured. Actually measured.
上述の伸び、引裂き強度の測定は、JIS Ｋ 6301の規
定される方法により測定し、 静止および動の摩擦係数の測定は、アルミナ球を、それ
自信の重さを含めて50gの重さでテストピースの表面に
接触させ、100mm/minで移動させた時の、 テストピースが動きだす時の摩擦係数＝静止摩擦係数、 テストピースが動いている時の摩擦係数＝動摩擦係数、 として測定した。The above-mentioned elongation and tear strength are measured by the method specified in JIS K 6301, and the static and dynamic friction coefficients are measured by testing an alumina ball with a weight of 50g including its own weight. The coefficient of friction when the test piece started to move when contacting the surface of the piece and moving at 100 mm / min = static friction coefficient, and the coefficient of friction when the test piece was moving = coefficient of dynamic friction were measured.
これらの結果を次表に示す。The results are shown in the table below.
この実施例の高分子複合材料は、上述のアクロン（繊維
表面が活性化処理されたPTFE短繊維）をマトリックス樹
脂としてのTDI−ポリエステル系ウレタンプレポリマー
に充填したので、官能基がこのウレタンプレポリマーの
感応基と反応して、マトリックス樹脂との間に次に示す
ような化学的な結合ができる。 In the polymer composite material of this example, the above-mentioned Akron (PTFE short fiber whose surface was activated) was filled in the TDI-polyester urethane prepolymer as the matrix resin, so that the functional group of the urethane prepolymer was Reacting with the sensitizing group to form a chemical bond with the matrix resin as shown below.
このため、この実施例の高分子複合材料は上表からも明
らかなように、未充填のもの（比較例１参照）と比較し
て物理的性質を大きく低下させることなく、PTFE（ポリ
・テトラ・フルオロ・エチレン、４弗化樹脂）の特質が
生かされることにより、摩擦係数の大幅な低減を図るこ
とができ、特に動摩擦係数は0.06という低い値を得るこ
とができた。 Therefore, as is clear from the above table, the polymer composite material of this example does not significantly deteriorate the physical properties as compared with the unfilled one (see Comparative Example 1), and the PTFE・ By taking advantage of the characteristics of fluoro-ethylene and tetrafluoride resin, the friction coefficient can be greatly reduced, and in particular, the dynamic friction coefficient can be as low as 0.06.
したがって、この実施例の高分子複合材料を例えばパッ
チングやベアリング等の摺動部材として用いると、摺動
特性を著しく向上させることができる効果がある。Therefore, when the polymer composite material of this example is used as a sliding member such as patching or a bearing, there is an effect that the sliding characteristics can be remarkably improved.
Claims (1)
μｍ、直径10〜50μｍのPTFE短繊維を、熱硬化性樹脂に
対して0.5〜5vol％の割合で充填したことを特徴とする
高分子複合材料。1. A length of 200 to 500 whose fiber surface is activated.
A polymer composite material characterized by being filled with PTFE short fibers having a diameter of 10 μm and a diameter of 10 to 50 μm in a ratio of 0.5 to 5 vol% with respect to a thermosetting resin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2127387A JPH0721318B2 (en) | 1990-05-16 | 1990-05-16 | Polymer composite material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2127387A JPH0721318B2 (en) | 1990-05-16 | 1990-05-16 | Polymer composite material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0425669A JPH0425669A (en) | 1992-01-29 |
| JPH0721318B2 true JPH0721318B2 (en) | 1995-03-08 |
Family
ID=14958735
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2127387A Expired - Lifetime JPH0721318B2 (en) | 1990-05-16 | 1990-05-16 | Polymer composite material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0721318B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3247567B2 (en) * | 1995-02-01 | 2002-01-15 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Gasket for intake manifold |
| JP4583750B2 (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2010-11-17 | 大豊工業株式会社 | Sliding material |
| DE102006030836B4 (en) * | 2006-07-04 | 2012-03-01 | Gebrüder Reinfurt GmbH & Co. KG | Rolling bearing cage |
| US8962143B2 (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2015-02-24 | Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd. | PTFE-based sliding material, bearing, and method for producing PTFE-based sliding material |
| JP6313982B2 (en) * | 2014-01-29 | 2018-04-18 | ニッタ株式会社 | Seal material and seal mechanism |
| FR3023880B1 (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2017-05-26 | Hydromecanique & Frottement | AUTOLUBRICATING FRICTION COMPOSITE PIECE |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES462278A1 (en) * | 1976-09-18 | 1978-05-16 | Hoechst Ag | Sealing material on the basis of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers |
| JPS55108485A (en) * | 1979-02-14 | 1980-08-20 | Riken Corp | Sealant |
-
1990
- 1990-05-16 JP JP2127387A patent/JPH0721318B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0425669A (en) | 1992-01-29 |
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