JPH072462B2 - Railway vehicle - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a railway vehicle in which an outdoor heat exchanger of an air conditioner is installed under the floor of a vehicle body.

[Conventional technology]

Vehicle air conditioners are roughly classified into roof type, floor type, underfloor type, and separate type (air conditioners in which outdoor equipment is arranged on the roof and indoor equipment is arranged in the guest room) depending on the installation location.

On the other hand, in the case of a train, there are many electric devices to be installed, and when these are installed under the floor, the air conditioner cannot help being installed on the roof. Therefore, in a commuter train or a suburban train, it is common to mount an air conditioner on the roof.

Considering the conditions in which trains run at high speeds, the installation of an air conditioner on the roof causes the height of the center of gravity, overturning speed, curve passing speed, adverse effects on the surrounding environment, etc. It is considered that this is the preferred mounting location. By the way, considering the air flow by the outdoor fan that blows air to the outdoor heat exchanger when it is installed under the floor,
As shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-46210, a method of taking in air from the vehicle side and discharging the air under the floor is generally used.
As another method, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4,
A method is also adopted in which air is taken in from one side surface of the vehicle body of the air conditioner 1 and discharged to the other side surface of the vehicle body via the outdoor heat exchanger 4 and the outdoor fan 3.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

The above-mentioned conventional technique is not problematic when the vehicle is traveling at a speed that is not very high, but when traveling at a high speed, a boundary layer is generated by the flow of air around the vehicle body, so that inside the boundary layer If the air intake is located, sufficient air cannot be taken in. Therefore, since the refrigerant is not sufficiently condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger, the condensing pressure may increase and exceed the allowable pressure of the compressor. In such a case, a pressure switch installed as a protection device detects the high condensing pressure and stops the operation. Due to such an operation stop, the inside of the vehicle is not sufficiently air-conditioned, and the temperature inside the vehicle rises, which gives passengers an uncomfortable feeling.
If the amount of air taken in by the outdoor fan is large, there is no problem as described above, but if the amount of air is small, the performance of the air conditioner will not come out, which is the greatest problem in the case of high-speed vehicles.

As described above, the prior art has not taken into consideration ensuring the air intake amount of the outdoor fan in the case of a high-speed vehicle.

In addition, in a configuration in which an air conditioner is installed under the floor and air is taken in by an outdoor fan from the side of the vehicle body, when the vehicle travels in a snowy area, the wheels lift the snow and the air of the outdoor fan provided on the side of the vehicle body. Adhere to the intake. Since the air intake port is closed, the amount of air taken in by the outdoor fan may decrease. When such a phenomenon occurs, in the case of a heat pump air conditioner that performs cooling in the summer and heating in the winter, there is a problem that the heating operation in the winter cannot be performed because the air cannot be taken in by the outdoor fan.

An object of the present invention is to secure a sufficient amount of air blown to the outdoor heat exchanger in a high-speed vehicle, to secure the air conditioning capacity, and to simplify the configuration of the device and reduce the cost.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The present invention is a railway vehicle in which at least an outdoor heat exchanger and an outdoor fan are arranged under a floor of a vehicle body, and the outdoor fan is provided so as to discharge air from the outdoor heat exchanger downward, Blocking plates are arranged on a side surface and a lower surface between a device including the outdoor heat exchanger and the outdoor fan and other devices arranged under the floor of the vehicle body, and the outdoor heat exchanger is at least L-shaped when viewed from above. The L-shaped piece is arranged along the side surface of the vehicle body, and the other piece is arranged along the width direction of the vehicle body. The piece of the outdoor heat exchanger along the side surface of the vehicle body is The heat exchanger is connected to an air inlet provided on a side surface, and the piece of the heat exchanger along the width direction of the vehicle body is connected to a space surrounded by the closing plate.

[Action]

Air enters the heat exchanger arranged along the width direction of the vehicle body from the space surrounded by the blocking plate. For this reason, the air to the heat exchangers arranged along the width direction of the vehicle body is less affected by the boundary layer generated on the side surface of the vehicle body when the vehicle is traveling at high speed, and the heat exchanger blockage due to snow is less likely to occur outdoors. The amount of air blown to the heat exchanger can always be secured, and the performance of the air conditioner can be secured. Further, since the air to the heat exchanger arranged along the side surface of the vehicle body enters directly from the side surface of the vehicle body, the structure of the device can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In the figure, 2 is a compressor installed in the outdoor equipment room, and 3a is an outdoor fan that discharges air to the orbit side. Reference numeral 4a denotes an L-shaped outdoor heat exchanger, one side of which is arranged on the side surface of the vehicle body and the other side of which is installed along the vehicle width direction. The outdoor heat exchanger 4a is attached so that the air blowing direction thereof is the vehicle body width direction indicated by the arrow A in the figure and the vehicle body longitudinal direction indicated by the arrow B in the figure. Reference numeral 5 denotes a closing plate provided to prevent unevenness on the side surface and the lower surface of the vehicle body of the underfloor equipment. The underfloor equipment installed in the lower part of the vehicle body is configured such that the widthwise dimension and the vertical dimension thereof are substantially constant, and the closing plate 5 is installed between the respective equipment to smooth the surface. As shown in FIG. 1, a blocking plate 5 between devices
Is attached to the underframe so that there is a gap between the compressor 2, the outdoor fan 3a, and the outdoor unit including the outdoor heat exchanger 4a.

In such a configuration, the operation status will be described for the case of the cooling operation. The high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 2, and this gas refrigerant is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 4a through a four-way valve (not shown), where the outdoor fan is
It exchanges heat with the air blown by 3a and is condensed into a liquid refrigerant. After that, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant expands (not shown).
Becomes a low-pressure liquid refrigerant. This liquid refrigerant is supplied to an indoor heat exchanger (not shown) and exchanges heat with air supplied by an indoor fan (not shown) to evaporate and take heat of the air to obtain low-temperature air. Cooling is performed by supplying the low-temperature air into the passenger compartment.

According to such a configuration, the air blown to the outdoor heat exchanger 4a is taken in by the outdoor fan 3a from the side surface of the vehicle body indicated by the arrow a and the inside of the closing plate 5 indicated by the arrow b, and as shown in FIG. Exhale downwards. There is an air inlet (not shown) on the side surface of the vehicle body along the heat exchanger along the side surface of the vehicle body. Air into the blocking plate 5 between the devices enters the gap between the devices as an air inlet. Therefore, when the vehicle travels at high speed, the boundary layer generated on the side surface of the vehicle causes
Even if the amount of air blown from the outdoor heat exchanger 4a in the direction of arrow B decreases, the amount of air blown from the direction of arrow B is not affected by the boundary layer, and a predetermined amount of air can be secured. Therefore, the air conditioning performance does not decrease due to the boundary layer generated during high-speed traveling.

Also, even if the snow thrown up by the wheels when traveling in the snowy area in winter blocks the side surface of the vehicle body of the outdoor heat exchanger 4a, the air from the direction of the arrow B is taken in from the inside of the blocking plate 5 at present. The amount of snow is very small and the heat exchange surface is not blocked. Therefore, a problem caused by snow can be eliminated, and a decrease in air conditioning performance in winter can be prevented.

Even if snow flows in from the gaps (air inlets) between the devices, there is little change in the flow path, so there is little snow adhesion to the heat exchanger.

Further, the air to the heat exchanger along the side surface of the vehicle body is not supplied from between the devices but directly from the side surface of the vehicle body. When air is supplied to the heat exchanger along the side surface of the vehicle body from between the devices, it is necessary to install a passage from the device to the heat exchanger. However, in the case of supplying directly from the side surface of the vehicle body, such a configuration is not necessary, so that the structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

Further, conventionally, the respective devices arranged under the floor are independent, and the spaces between the respective devices are open to the outside of the vehicle. That is, there is no blocking plate that connects the respective devices smoothly. Therefore, if the exterior heat exchanger is arranged along the width direction of the vehicle body, the traveling direction of the vehicle (up, down)
Since the way the wind blows on the exterior heat exchanger differs, the heat exchange performance is different and it is difficult to put it into practical use.

However, in the embodiment of the present invention, since the exterior heat exchanger is arranged in the space surrounded by the closing plate 5 along the width direction of the vehicle body, heat is generated regardless of the traveling direction of the vehicle. The exchange performance can be made almost the same.

Further, although it is possible to install all of the outdoor heat exchangers 4a along the width direction, it is inevitable to use the side surface of the vehicle body in terms of securing a heat transfer area and arranging devices under the floor. That is, the size (length, depth, height) of the heat exchanger is greater than that of either a heat exchanger arranged along the side surface of the vehicle body or a heat exchanger along the width direction of the vehicle body. Is effective in this respect. Further, although the outdoor heat exchanger 4a has an L shape, the same effect can be obtained even if the outdoor heat exchanger 4a has a U shape.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, in a high-speed vehicle, a sufficient amount of air blown to the outdoor heat exchanger can be secured, air conditioning capacity can be secured, and the configuration of the device can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of an air conditioner for a railway vehicle according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a side view of a vehicle equipped with a conventional air conditioner. Fig. 4 and Fig. 3
It is a BB section sectional view of a figure. 2 ... Compressor, 3a ... Outdoor fan, 4a ... Outdoor heat exchanger, 5 ... Blocking plate

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Bibliography SHO 61-128159 (JP, U) Hitachi Review Volume 68 No. 3 (1986) Page 20

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A railway vehicle in which at least an outdoor heat exchanger and an outdoor fan are arranged under a floor of a vehicle body, and the outdoor fan is provided so as to discharge air from the outdoor heat exchanger downward. Blocking plates are arranged on a side surface and a lower surface between a device including the outdoor heat exchanger and the outdoor fan and other devices arranged under the floor of the vehicle body, and the outdoor heat exchanger is at least L-shaped when viewed from above. The L-shaped piece is arranged along the side surface of the vehicle body, and the other piece is arranged along the width direction of the vehicle body. The piece of the outdoor heat exchanger along the side surface of the vehicle body is A railcar, wherein the railcar is connected to an air inlet provided on a side surface, and the piece of the heat exchanger along the width direction of the vehicle body is connected to a space surrounded by the closing plate.