JPH0726519B2 - Cutter for shield machine - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a shield machine that enables continuous excavation of a long-distance tunnel by changing a cutter bit for excavation during excavation.

(Prior Art) A conventional shield machine is provided with a partition wall at the tip of a cylindrical shield tube, the front side of which is an excavation chamber, and a rotary cutter that can move back and forth is housed in this chamber. Rotate the cutter to excavate the ground on the front side, discharge the excavated earth and sand by various devices such as screw conveyor conveyance, and each time excavating, assemble the segment into a cylindrical shape at the rear end of the shield cylinder and primary I try to line it.

Such a conventional shield machine is for excavating earth and sand with a cutter bit protruding from the front of the cutter, and the cutter bit gradually wears during excavation,
The excavation capacity declines, and eventually it becomes impossible to excavate. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the cutter bit, but since the cutter is in front of the partition of the shield cylinder, it was impossible to replace it during excavation.

For this reason, conventionally it was necessary to install an intermediate shaft in the place where the cutter bit needs to be replaced, and many shafts are required in one construction section, depending on the performance of the cutter bit and the soil quality of the excavated ground. , The cost for its construction is great,
In addition, there is a problem that the construction period becomes long.

As a solution to this problem, the cutter spokes are supported so that they can rotate around their longitudinal axes, and the cutter bits are arranged in multiple rows along the longitudinal direction around the cutter spokes. A shield machine has been proposed in which the excavating cutter bit is changed so that a new cutter bit row is directed to the front side by rotating the cutter spoke by protrudingly (Actual No. Sho 63-165395). Gazette).

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) Since the device for rotating the cutter spokes in order to change the conventional excavating cutter bit described above rotates the entire cutter spoke, it is provided on the disk-shaped cutter plate. Although it is possible to implement it with a structure that supports the cutter spokes in the slit, it is a cantilever type of cutters that radially project around the rotation center body fixed to the excavation rotation drive shaft. In that case, there is a problem that it is almost impossible to rotatably support the cutter spokes with respect to the central body, and it cannot be carried out.

Further, the wear of the cutter bit is generally low as it approaches the center of excavation rotation, and increases as it goes to the outer circumference.
It has been found that the difference in wear between the two is extremely large,
In the above-mentioned conventional cutter, since all the cutter spokes are rotated to change all the excavating cutter bits, there is a problem in that even the one with a small degree of wear is changed, which is uneconomical.

In view of such a problem, the present invention has sufficient strength even if the cutter has a structure in which the cutter spokes are cantilevered and radially protrude from the central body, and the excavating cutter bit of the most necessary part is obtained. The purpose is to provide a cutter for a shield machine that can change

(Means for Achieving the Object) The feature of the present invention that achieves the above-described object is to radiate the outer periphery of the cutter central body supported by the rotary drive shaft on the partition wall front side of the shield cylinder tip. A plurality of cutter spokes are projected, in a shield machine excavator cutter having a cutter bit projected on each of the cutter spokes, a cylindrical base spoke that integrally projects the cutter spoke from the cutter center body, The base spokes are configured to have tip spokes that are supported in the base spokes and project in the extension direction of the tip side of the base spokes, and a cutter bit is projectingly provided on the front side of the base spokes. It is rotatably supported around the shaft center, and cutter bits are projected in a plurality of rows around it so that the tip spokes and the base spokes are located between them. Further, there is provided a driving means for rotating the tip spokes, and an adjusting means for locking each row of the plurality of rows of cutter bits so as not to rotate at a position facing the front side.

(Operation) This shield excavator cutter, during the excavation,
Stop the excavation rotation of the cutter, operate the adjusting means to make the tip spokes rotatable, and rotate the tip spokes by a certain angle so that the unused cutter bits in the next row face the front side by the driving means. And after that,
Return to the non-rotatable state by adjusting means. This changes the cutter bit only at the tip spokes.

(Example) Next, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In the figure, 1 is a shield cylinder, and 2 is a partition wall provided at the front end of the shield cylinder 1. A bearing 3 is fixed to the central portion of the partition wall 2, and a cutter shaft 4 is supported by the bearing so as to be rotatable and axially movable in and out. A cutter central body 5 is fixed to the tip of the cutter shaft 4, and six cutter spokes 6, 6, ... Are projected in a radial arrangement on the outer periphery thereof.

Each of the cutter spokes 6 has a cylindrical base spoke 7 integrally provided so as to project from the central body 5, and tip spokes 8 supported by the base spoke 7 and arranged in the extending direction.
It consists of and.

Cutter bits 9 are provided on the front surface of the base spokes 7 so as to project in a line. The tip spokes 8 have a cutter bit 10a, 1 on the front surface and the rear surface which is offset by 180 °.
0b is projected in a two-row arrangement.

The tip spokes 8 are fitted into the base spokes 7 such that their base ends are rotatable and axially movable, and an adjusting means 11 and a rotation driving means 12 are provided between them.

The adjusting means 11 is provided on the detent keys 13 protruding in four directions on the outer circumference of the tip spokes 8 and the four key grooves 14, with which the keys 13 fit, provided on the inner surface of the base spokes 7.
And a spoke telescopic jack 15 using a hydraulic cylinder for moving the tip spokes 8 in and out in the axial direction. Each of the key grooves 14 is continuous with the annular groove 16 on the cutter center body 5 side, and the keys 13 can move in the annular groove 16 in the circumferential direction.

The rotation drive means 12 includes a gear 17 formed on the base end surface of the tip spoke 8, a gear transmission mechanism 18 meshing with the gear 17, and a drive motor 1.
9, the tip spokes 8 are moved in the pull-in direction by the jacks 15, and the gears 17 on the lower end face mesh with the gear mechanism 18 in a state where each key 13 is pulled out from the key groove 14 and is inside the annular groove 16. In this meshed state, the drive motor 19 is rotated by the amount by which the tip spoke 8 is rotated 180 °.

In the figure, 20 is a copy cutter, and 21 is a hydraulic jack for moving the copy cutter in and out.

In the cutter configured as described above, the jack 15 is extended to push out the tip spokes 8, and each key 13 is fitted in the key groove 14 so that the cutter shaft 4 is rotated in a non-rotatable state to advance.

At the time of digging for the planned distance, operate the jack 15 to pull in the tip spokes 8 so that the key 13
Is pulled out from the key groove 14 into the annular groove 16, and the gear 17 is engaged with the gear transmission mechanism 18. After that, the drive motor 19 is rotated to rotate the tip spoke 8 by 180 °.

As a result, the worn cutter bit 10a on the front side moves to the rear side and the unused cutter bit 10b on the rear side moves to the front side at the same time, and the cutter bits 10a and 10b are changed.

In addition to the above, various mechanisms can be used for the adjusting means and the rotary drive, and the cutter bit rows of the tip spokes are two rows separated by 180 °, three rows at 120 °, four rows at 90 °, etc. It can be in multiple rows.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, in the shield machine cutter of the present invention, a cylindrical base spoke in which the cutter spoke is integrally projected from the central body, and a tip that is rotatably supported in the base spoke. It is composed of spokes, and the tip spokes can be rotated to change the excavating cutter bit on the front side to an unused cutter bit on the rear side, so that the cutter spokes cantilever and project radially. Even in the case of a cutter of a different type, the support of the rotating tip spokes will be firm, and it will be possible to change the cutter bit by rotating the cutter spoke. Instead, only the tip part is changed, so the economy is high.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view,
2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2, FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line BB, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the retracted state of the tip cutter. It is a figure. 1 ... Shield cylinder, 2 ... Partition wall, 3 ... Bearing, 4 ... Cutter shaft, 5 ... Cutter center body, 6 ... Cutter spoke, 7 ... Base spoke, 8 ... Tip spoke, 9,10a , 10b, ... Cutter bit, 11 ... Adjusting means, 12 ... Rotation driving means, 13 ... Key, 14 ... Key groove, 15 ... Spoke telescopic jack, 16 ... Annular groove, 17 ... Gear, 18 …… Gear transmission mechanism, 19 …… Drive motor.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The front side of the partition wall of the shield tube,
A cutter for a shield machine, comprising a plurality of cutter spokes radially projecting from the outer periphery of a cutter center body supported by a rotary drive shaft, and a cutter bit projecting from each of the cutter spokes. A cylindrical base spoke integrally projected from the central body and tip spokes supported in the base spoke and protruded in the extension direction of the tip side thereof are formed, and a cutter bit is projected to the front side of the base spoke. In addition, the tip spokes are rotatably supported in the base spokes about their longitudinal axes, and cutter bits are projected in a plurality of rows around the tip spokes, and the tip spokes are provided between the tip spokes and the base spokes. Driving means for rotating the spokes and non-rotatable locking of each row of the plurality of rows of cutter bits at the front side Shield machine cutter comprising as comprising the adjustment means that.