JPH0726693B2 - Four-way valve device - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement of a four-way valve device.

[Technical background of the invention and its problems]

In the heat pump type air conditioner, cooling, heating,
Furthermore, a four-way valve device is used to switch the defrosting operation.

Some of such four-way valve devices use a slider valve. In such a four-way valve device, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 9, three continuous connecting pipes 2, 3 are provided along the axial direction on the circumferential side portion in the tubular valve body 1. , 4 are installed side by side, and the inlet side pipe 5 is provided separately from the connecting pipes 2,3,4, and the port 2 composed of the connecting pipes 2,3,4
Adopted a structure in which a slider valve 7 is provided slidably on a, 3a, 4a (corresponding to the first port, the second port, and the third port) row and provided with a concave portion 6 in which a flange portion 7a is formed in the peripheral portion. Has been done. Of the pipes, the inlet pipe 5 is the discharge side of the compressor 8, the central connection pipe 3 is the suction side of the compressor 8, and the left connection pipe 2 is the indoor heat exchanger. 9, the connecting pipe 4 located on the right side
Are respectively connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 10, and the slider valve 7 is slid by using a pressure difference or a means such as a solenoid to select one of the ports 2a, 3a, 4a.
By connecting the adjacent ports 2a and 3a through the recessed portion 6, the flow path switching necessary for the cooling (defrosting) operation can be performed.
Similarly, the a and 4a are communicated with each other through the recess 6, so that the flow passage switching required for the heating operation can be performed. Reference numeral 11 is a capillary tube (pressure reducing device) interposed in the refrigerant path between the indoor heat exchanger 9 and the outdoor heat exchanger 10.

By the way, in the slider valve 7 of such a four-way valve device,
Conventionally, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 35-12689, one having a recess 6 for communicating adjacent ports with an opening area of more than half (shown in FIG. 10), or all the openings of adjacent ports are Those having a recess 6 for communication (first
(Shown in Fig. 11) is used to switch the flow path. However, both the former and latter slider valves 7 have a problem that a large short cycle occurs. That is, the short cycle means that when the flow path is switched, the discharge side and the suction side of the compressor 8 are short-circuited, and the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 8 becomes a low pressure as it is. The phenomenon of being sucked from. According to the four-way valve device using the slider valve 7, the refrigerant discharged from the port 5a of the inlet side pipe 5 when the slider valve 7 is located at the center of the row of ports 2a, 3a, 4a in the course of switching the flow path. As shown in FIG. 9, through the gap A between the outer peripheral portion of the slider valve 7 and the ports 2a and 3a and the gap B between the opening end of the recess 6 and the port 3a, in order, the suction side of the compressor 8 is shown. It means that it flows in a short circuit to. This is because the recess 6 of the conventional four-way valve device has a structure in which adjacent ports communicate with each other with an opening area of half or more, or a structure in which all openings of adjacent ports communicate with each other. The clearances A and B are large like the plane when the slider valve 7 shown in the center is located, and the clearances A and B are also large as shown in FIG.
Because B becomes large. Such a short cycle impairs the ability of the refrigeration cycle, and particularly in the case where the slider valve 7 is driven by the pressure difference (difference between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure of the compressor 8), the pressure difference required for driving is shorted. Failure to do so will cause switching failure.

Therefore, it is conceivable to make the concave portion 6 smaller, but in the four-way valve device, it is required to make the volume of the concave portion 6 as large as possible so as to reduce the pressure loss that causes the reduction in the capacity of the refrigeration cycle. However, there is a reason that the recess 6 cannot be made small, and the short cycle cannot be reduced.

[Object of the Invention]

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object thereof is to provide a four-way valve device capable of increasing the volume of the recess of the slider valve and simultaneously reducing the short cycle. It is in.

[Outline of Invention]

According to the present invention, when the slider valve is located at the center of the port row, the shape of both ends of the recess of the slider valve in the sliding direction is a shape in which the first port and the third port are substantially closed following the same port shape, or a slider. When the valve is located in the center of the port row, the flanges on both ends in the sliding direction of the slider valve are shaped so that the first port and the third port follow the same port shape and are substantially closed, It is intended to increase the volume of the recess and reduce the short cycle.

Example of Invention

The present invention will be described below based on an embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 6. FIG. 4 shows a heat pump type air conditioner to which the present invention is applied. Since this component has the same components as in FIG. 9 shown in the above-mentioned conventional section, the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted. Then, in this section, a portion different from FIG. 9, that is, the slider valve surrounding which is a main part of the present invention will be described.

That is, 7 is a slider valve having the recess 6 described above. The ends (including the open end) of the recess 6 on both sides in the sliding direction are located on both sides in that state when the slider valve 7 slides to the center of the row of ports 2a, 3a, 4a as shown in FIG. Each port 2a, 4a extends to almost the inner half. When the slider valve 7 is located at the center 8 of the row of ports 2a, 3a, 4a at each end 6a, 6a of the recess 6, the inside of the port 2a, 4a on the port 3a side (center side) is substantially The arc-shaped portions 20 are formed so as to be recessed in an arc shape following the shape of a half edge. As a result, the shape of the both ends of the recess 6 in the sliding direction is such that when the slider valve 7 is located at the center 8 of the row of ports 2a, 3a, 4a, the ports 2a, 4a are substantially closed following the port shape.

Due to the shape of both ends of the recess 6, as shown in FIG. 2, the internal space is made larger than that of the recess 6 of the conventional slider valve, and at the same time, the ports 2a and 4a and the recess 6 which are supposed to cause a short cycle are formed. The gap B between the two ends is minimized so that a short cycle does not occur.

In such a four-way valve device, the slider valve 7 is driven along the pipe rows 2a, 3a, 4a by a pressure difference, a solenoid or the like to slide the slider valve 7 so that the adjacent ports of the three consecutive ports 2a, 3a, 4a are adjacent. If 2a and 3a are communicated with each other through the recess 6 as shown in FIG. 3 or ports 3a and 4a are similarly communicated with each other through the recess 6, flow passage switching required for cooling (defrosting) operation or heating operation is performed. Be done.

Here, in such switching, when the slider valve 7 is located at the center of the rows of ports 2a, 3a, 4a, there is a concern that a large short cycle may occur.

However, according to the present invention, the shape of the end of the recess 6 on the sliding direction side is set so that the adjacent ports 2a, 4
Since it is formed in a shape that matches the port shape of a, the gap B generated between the recess 6 and each of the ports 2a and 4a, which causes a short cycle, can be extremely small. Therefore, the short cycle in which the discharge gas discharged from the compressor 8 flows to the suction side of the compressor 8 can be significantly reduced. According to the experiment, as a result of using the four-way valve device having the concave portion 6 in which the arc-shaped portion 20 shown in FIG. 2 is used, the short cycle amount X is as shown in FIG. It was confirmed that it was significantly smaller than the short cycle amount Y or Z when the slider shown in FIG. 11 was used.

Moreover, since the space of the recess 6 wraps around the ports 2a and 3a, the volume of the recess 6 is clearer than that of the recess 6 of the conventional slider valve 7 shown by the one-dot chain line and the two-dot chain line in FIG. It is possible to increase the volume, and it is possible to increase the volume that is in the relationship of being contradictory to the short cycle.
As a result, it is possible to reduce the short cycle and at the same time reduce the pressure loss of the four-way valve device. In an experiment, the pressure on the low-pressure side of the compressor 8 was measured, and the slider valve 7 of the four-way valve device having the concave portion 6 in which the arc-shaped portion 20 shown in FIG. 2 was formed and the conventional slider valve (see FIG. 10, (Fig. 11)
As a result of comparing the characteristics with the above, the pressure L when the slider valve 7 of the present invention is used as shown in FIG. It was confirmed that the loss was higher than that of and the loss was small.
From this, it can be seen that the capacity loss of the refrigeration cycle is reduced.

In addition, the structure in which the shape of the inner surface of the recess 6 is substantially the same as the shape of the port allows the clearance A to be secured when the slider valve 7 is slid to the center of the rows of ports 2a, 3a, 4a. The inside of the four-way valve device does not rise abnormally due to the refrigerant into which the pressure flows, and it has an advantage that the danger due to the shutoff can be avoided as in the conventional case.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the inner surface shape of the slider valve is substantially the same as the port shape. However, as in the other embodiment shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. Port 2a, on each of the constituent flange parts 7a, 7a
Even if the arc-shaped portion 30 is formed so as to match the outer peripheral portion of 4a, and the flange portions 7a, 7a have substantially the same shape as the port shape, the ports 2a, 4a on both ends of the slider valve 7 are substantially closed. Of course, even in this case, the short cycle can be reduced and the volume of the recess 6 can be increased. In particular, the structure in which the shape of the flange portion 7a at the end portion of the slider valve 7 is made to match the port shape so that the ports 2a and 4a are substantially closed is, for example, the recess 6
As shown by the alternate long and two short dashes line in FIG. 8, it has an advantage that it can be freely increased within a range where a short cycle does not occur, and has an effect that the pressure loss can be reduced accordingly.

Although the present invention is applied to the four-way valve device having the circular ports 2a, 3a, 4a in the above-described embodiment, it may be applied to other port-shaped four-way valve devices.

〔The invention's effect〕

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to increase the volume of the recess of the slider valve and simultaneously reduce the short cycle.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a slider of a four-way valve device, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an end portion of the slider on an enlarged scale, and FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a state where adjacent ports are communicated with a slider valve. Is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a four-way valve device together with a refrigeration cycle, and FIG. 5 shows a short cycle amount when the slider valve is located at the center of a port row, in comparison with a short cycle amount generated in a conventional slider valve. Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the capacity loss at that time in comparison, Fig. 7 is a plan view showing a slider valve of another embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of its end portion side. FIG. 9 is a plan view for explaining a short cycle in the four-way valve device, and FIGS. 10 and 11 are plan views showing different conventional slider valves. 1 ... Valve body, 2a, 3a, 4a ... Port, 6 ... Recess, 7 ...
… Slider valve, 7a …… Flange part, 20,30 …… Arc shape part, A, B …… Gap.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cylindrical valve body is provided with three first ports, second ports, and third ports arranged side by side along the axial direction on a circumferential side portion, and a flange is provided on the circumferential portion on the row of ports. A slider valve having a recess formed with a portion is provided, and by sliding along the port row of the slider valve, between the adjacent first port and second port and between the adjacent second port and third port. In a four-way valve device that communicates via a recess to switch the flow path, when the slider valve is located at the center of the port row, the shapes of both ends in the sliding direction of the recess of the slider valve are set to the first port and the third port. A shape in which the ports are substantially closed according to the same port shape, or a shape of the flange portions on both ends in the sliding direction of the slider valve, in which the first port and the third port are substantially closed according to the same port shape. Four-way valve device being characterized in that the.