JPH0728566B2 - Air mixing device for lawn - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a lawn aeration device, and more particularly to a lawn aeration device that can be easily manufactured and repaired.

[Conventional technology]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional lawn air-mixing device, there is known one in which a plurality of reciprocating claw portions are pierced through the ground at regular intervals to perform air-mixing. Such conventional devices usually include a drive and mechanical or hydraulic means for supporting the pawl and the pawl reciprocates in a generally vertical plane as the device advances. And a tuning mechanism that idles the pawl to engage the ground. The conventional air-mixing device has a relatively low-function structure similar to a reciprocating laterally long circular hand, which has a claw extending downward from a generally reciprocating rod or the like. It had a complicated structure and high functionality, but it was difficult to operate and the manufacturing cost was high.

Among the conventional air-mixing devices, there is known a device in which a plurality of claws are provided at the ends of a plurality of arm parts, the arm parts are arranged in the width direction of the device, and the arms are reciprocated by a crankshaft. In this device, the claw-arm portion is slidably provided in the guide toward the lower end, and the guide reciprocates back and forth to keep the claw-arm portion which is engaged with the ground vertical. Has become. Such a conventional arm portion with a claw is configured such that the horizontal relative speeds of the crankshaft and the arm portion guide for keeping the lower portion of the arm portion vertical are different. For example, when performing a piercing operation at intervals of 50 mm with respect to the ground, the air mixing device moves forward by 50 mm each time the crankshaft makes one revolution, so the pawl needs to reciprocate at a considerably high speed. Therefore, the conventional device has a high wear rate due to its mechanical structure, and requires a mechanical timing means for strictly controlling the position of the pawl portion when the device moves forward. Further, since the operation timing of the claw portion with respect to the forward speed is limited to a certain form, there is a drawback that only a single piercing pattern can be obtained.

[Means for solving problems]

An air mixing apparatus according to the present invention is a lawn air mixing apparatus adapted to be propelled and moved on a lawn surface, and includes a machine frame as an invention element, two or more ground wheels mounted on the machine frame, A crankshaft rotatably attached to the machine frame and extending in the width direction with respect to the moving direction of the machine frame, and a plurality of rigid operating arms mounted on the crankshaft so as to reciprocate. , By rotating at least one pawl substantially fixed to each operating arm, driving means for rotating a crankshaft attached to the machine frame, and movement of the operating arm. The actuating arm performs piercing / pulling-out operation with respect to the lawn in a substantially vertical direction so that the claw pierced by the lawn can be held in the lawn even when the device is moving forward. It is free.

It is preferable that the guide means includes means for urging the operating arm forward in the moving direction of the apparatus main body when the claw is pulled out from the ground. The biasing means is preferably a tension spring, but may be a pneumatic, hydraulic cylinder, compression spring, elastic member or the like.

Both the self-propelled type and the towed type will be described below as examples of the present invention.

〔Example〕

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an air mixing device (10) according to the present invention has a machine casing (11) to which at least two ground wheels (12) are mounted. The wheel (112) is attached so as to rotate about an axis (13) extending in the width direction of the air mixing device (10), and has a function of adjusting the height from the ground when the device body moves. Good. A crank portion may be provided on the shaft (13), and the height of the apparatus main body may be adjusted by adjusting the position of the crank portion. By adjusting the height of such a device, the depth of penetration of the nail during operation can be adjusted. When transporting the air-mixing device to another place, it is connected to a tractor or the like at three points and is carried away from the ground than usual.

The air mixing device (10) has a crankshaft (14) extending in the width direction of the machine casing (11).
4) is a support member (18) that is integrated with the machine casing (11)
Is supported by main bearings (15, 16, 17) carried by each of the. In the illustrated embodiment, only a single crankshaft (14) is provided, but two crankshafts may be provided if desired.

The device also has drive means for rotating the crankshaft.

The illustrated driving means comprises a gear box (20) having an input shaft (21) and an output shaft (22), and the input shaft (21) is configured to be connectable to the power takeoff part of the towing vehicle. The gear box is fixed to a mount (23) fixed to one member of the machine frame (11). Drive sprockets (25, 26) are provided at one ends of the crankshaft (14) and the output shaft (22), and the drive chain extends around both of these drive sprockets (25, 26). Through the crankshaft (1
4) is designed to transmit power from the gearbox. In the case of two crankshafts, separate chains may be operatively connected to the output shaft, or a dual chain that meshes with both sprockets provided at the adjacent ends of both crankshafts may be provided for driving. Alternatively, the ends furthest apart from each other may be driven from the power take-off via a single shaft and suitable power transmission means, or by both ends of the normal rear wheel drive shaft of the towing vehicle. When the chains are operatively connected, the relative relationship between the operation process positions of both crankshafts (14) can be adjusted and shifted, which is convenient. By alternately moving the operating arm (30) so that the pawl (31) engages with the ground alternately, the operation of the air mixing device can be smoothly performed. By shifting the position of the crank part of the crankshaft from each other,
The energy required to pierce the nail with the ground can be evenly distributed throughout the crankshaft rotation process. As a result, the maximum required output can be reduced and at the same time the force exerted on the mechanical drive components of the device can be reduced.

The operating arms (30) are mounted on the crankshaft via bearings (32) provided between the upper ends of the arms (30) and the crankshaft (14). A frame member (33) having a plurality of holes (34) in the width direction is attached to the machine frame (11), and an operating arm (30) is movably arranged in each hole (34). There is. The actuating arms (30) are biased toward the front edge of the hole (34) by tension springs (35) respectively,
4) is designed to guide the forward and backward movement of the arm (30). A claw holder (36) carrying at least one claw is attached to the lower end of each operating arm (30),
By changing the number of attached nails, it is possible to change the piercing pattern and increase the driving speed. The claw holder (36) is preferably detachably attached to the operating arm (30), but may be formed integrally with the operating arm (30). In the case of being configured to be detachable, the claw holder (36) has a sleeve (37) fitted around the lower end of the arm (30), and the fastening tool (39) of the caulking tool (38). ) Firmly fixed by.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the actuating arm (30) is formed by a cylindrical body having a substantially square cross section. A rod (41) having a flange (42) at the lower end of the working arm (30)
Is inserted, and the position of the rod (41) with respect to the arm (30) is determined by this flange (42). The rod (41) may be welded to the actuating arm (30) for a rigid construction. The lower part of the rod (41) which is not inserted into the actuating arm (30) and protrudes constitutes a lower protruding part (43) for engaging the pawl holder (36).

In the embodiment of the pawl holder (36) shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the first pawl holder (36) is provided.
a) is a sleeve-shaped central socket (37) with a pair of retaining tubes (4
4) is welded and fixed, and the claw (31) is inserted into the holding cylinder (44) to hold the claw pressure. The holding cylinder (44) is provided with a slit (113) in the vertical direction, and projections are formed on both sides of the slit (113). Both projections are a threaded projection (112) and a non-threaded projection (111)
The bolts (110) penetrating both projections (111, 112) are rotated to perform the claw pressure holding operation of the claws. The size of the holding cylinder (44) is such that the holding cylinder (44) is in close contact with the inserted claw so as to cooperate with each other.
A lower protrusion (114) is provided at the upper end of the so that the nail does not penetrate when the nail is inserted. Similarly, the central socket (37) of the sleeve-shaped village is dimensioned so as to be in close contact with the downward protrusion (43) of the actuating arm, and is provided with a notch (118) on both sides of this notch (118). The threaded protrusion (116) and the threaded protrusion (1
17) and the bolt (115) has both protrusions (116, 117).
The lower protrusion (43) of the arm is tightened by turning the bolt. The spacing S between the claws (31) in the width direction of the device body is, for example, about 50 mm.

FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show a second claw holder (36 having four claws).
b) is shown. This pawl holder (36b) also has a central socket (37) adapted to be engaged with the downward protrusion (43) of the actuating arm (30). The socket (3
Four holding cylinders (44) are connected to the socket (37) by four plate-like bodies (46) radially extending from 7). 8th
The spacing S between the claws in the width direction shown in the figure is, for example, about 50 mm, like the pitch P in the longitudinal direction. The nail may be solid or hollow.

It is preferable that each of the lower ends of the holding cylinders (44) is provided with a beveled chamfered portion (119) so that the “press mark” of the claw holder is as small as possible. With such a configuration, the amount of soil compacted on the lower surface of the nail holder can be reduced. Similarly,
Bevel chamfer (120) on the inner edge of the lower end of the central socket (37)
Preferably, chamfered portions (not shown) are also provided at the lower edges of the plate-like members (46) of the four holding members.

By adopting a lattice-like arrangement as shown in FIG. 8, the nail holder was obtained after each step by multiplying the number of rows of nails by the pitch length P, that is, twice the distance between the nails in the longitudinal direction. Move forward a distance equal to the distance. With this configuration, it is possible to mix air in a lattice shape. When the speed of the crankshaft is constant, the forward speed is twice as high as when the structure shown in FIG. 8 is used, as compared with the case where the claws in the single row structure shown in FIG. If it is not necessary to perform aeration in a lattice pattern, the movement distance from the piercing operation of the operating arm to the next piercing operation can be set to an arbitrary distance.

As shown in FIG. 9, the air-mixing device (10) has the same number of buffer devices (50) as the operating arms (30) at regular intervals in the width direction.
Is provided at the front end of the hole (34) through which the operating arm is guided. Each shock absorber (50) comprises a buffer roller (52) rotatably mounted on a support (53) attached to a member (51) in the width direction of the machine frame by means of a shaft (54). The shock absorbing device (50) prevents the metal contact noise from being generated when the operating arm (30) is advanced in the hole (34) by the tension spring (35). A cushioning means may be provided at the rear end of the hole (34) if necessary. Each time the operating arm (30) strikes the shock absorber (50), the outer peripheral portion of the roller (52) moves and comes into contact with another portion at the next strike, so that the life of the shock absorber roller can be extended. it can. The reduction ratio of the tension spring (35) is such that the pawl (31) engages with the ground just before the actuating arm (30) reaches the buffer roller (52) during high-speed operation of the main body of the device, and during transportation. In the case where the nail puller does not engage with the ground because the apparatus body is pushed over the ground, the operating arm is configured to move upward at a certain position and rotate through the roller (52).

The aeration device (10) is provided with a protector (60) to prevent the lawn from being lifted from the ground when the nail is pulled out of the ground. The protector (60) is fixed to one member in front of the machine casing (11) and extends from the one member beyond the operating range of the pawl. This protector is adapted to engage the ground during operation of the device. Alternatively, it may be biased to engage the ground. The protective body (60) has a front slanted portion (61) fixed to a frame and a rear ground contact portion (62), and a flip-up portion (63) is formed at a free end of the rear ground contact portion (62). It does not hinder the rearward movement of the device body (10). A series of strips are formed on the rear ground portion (62), and the protector has a comb-like shape when viewed in plan. The strips extend between the adjacent nail holders and between the adjacent nails so that the lawn is not lifted up when the nails are pulled out.

The operation of the air mixing device (10) will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10.

When the crankshaft (14) is rotationally driven in the direction of arrow A, the mounting portion of the bearing (32) of the operating arm (30) sequentially moves to the bottom dead center to engage the nail puller with the ground. As the device body (10) moves forward, the bearing mounting portion of each operating arm moves rearward with respect to the device body due to the rotation of the crankshaft (14), and at the same time, the operating arm (30) engages with the ground. Therefore, it moves along the hole (34) against the elasticity of the tension spring (35).

This action keeps the actuating arm (30) substantially vertical while engaging the ground. When each claw (31) is pulled out from the ground by the continuous rotation of the crankshaft, the action arm (30) returns to the front end of the hole (34) by the action of the tension spring (35) and waits for the next descent and piercing operation. To do. While the pawl is engaged or pierced with the ground, the actuating arm is kept substantially vertical, but since it makes a slight swinging motion, the core portion of the piercing hole in the ground (hereinafter referred to simply as "core portion"). ”) Is effectively trapped at the lower end of the process of the working arm. As a result, almost all of the core is removed from the ground by the nail. If this abrupt movement is not performed, the core part may cause middle cracking when the nail is pulled out from the ground, and a part of the cracked part may remain in the piercing hole. Furthermore, the oscillating movement of the actuating arm lengthens the base of the piercing hole, thus improving ventilation and feeding of nutrients.

The machine frame (11) may be supported by a three-point connection by connecting a crankshaft to a power take-out portion of a towing vehicle such as a tractor. The drive of the crankshaft may be performed mechanically as shown, or may be performed by suitable means such as a hydraulic type.

A second embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. This second embodiment is provided with a self propelling means. The air mixing apparatus in the second embodiment has a chassis (71) to which a pair of vertical rods (72) extending rearward are rotatably mounted. A rear shaft (73) is rotatably mounted between the vertical rods (72), and a pair of rear wheels (74) is provided at both ends of the rear shaft (73) at both sides of the vertical rod (72). Installed. A pair of front wheels (75) near the center of the front end of the chassis (71)
Is provided. A vertical operation shaft (76) is rotatably connected to the front end of the chassis (71), the front wheel is attached to the lower end of the vertical operation shaft (76), and the crow bar (77) is folded at the upper end when not needed. Is mounted so as to be rotatable. A sprocket (78) is further fixed to the operation shaft (76). An operating wheel (79) is further rotatably provided on the chassis, and a sprocket (81) that rotates together is fixed to the operating wheel. The sprocket (81) and the sprocket (78) of the operating shaft are connected to a chain ( 82) are operatively linked. As a result, the rotational movement of the operating wheel (79) is transmitted to the operating shaft (76). The operation wheel (79) is provided adjacent to the seat (83), and is provided for "riding" driving and the kaji stick (77) for "walking" driving. The self-propelled air-mixing device is further provided with telescopic wheels (84) mounted on the rotary rod (85) and arranged inside the outermost working arm (30). When the retractable wheel (84) is in the down position, the aeration device can be drilled up to the edge of a recess such as a golfer's bunker or a lawn bowling gutter. Such telescopic wheels (84)
Is a three-piece tractor that is connected even when one wheel floats over a gutter or bunker in the towed embodiment.
It is unnecessary because it can be supported by point connection.

The vehicle height or the penetration depth of the claw at the rear of the self-propelled air mixing device is adjusted by using a hydraulic ram (86) connected between the chassis (71) and each vertical rod (72). In addition, telescopic wheels (8
4) uses the action of a hydraulic ram (87) or rotates a screw rod to move it down.

The power of the aeration unit is typically supplied by an 8 hp internal combustion engine (88). A small fuel tank (89) is provided to supply this internal combustion engine (88).

The power of the internal combustion engine (88) is provided by the chain transmission. The chain transmission is a sprocket (91) mounted on the drive shaft of the internal combustion engine (88), and a sprocket (93) coaxially mounted on the pivot of the vertical rod (72).
And a chain (92) that operatively connects both sprockets (92, 93), and another sprocket (94) is connected to the sprocket (93). The sprocket (94) is operatively connected to the sprocket (96) coaxially fixed to the rear axle (93) via the chain (95), so that the power of the internal combustion engine (88) is transmitted to the rear axle (93). 73) to the rear wheel (74). The connection state between the sprocket (93) and the sprocket (94) may be fixed, but in that case, the forward speed of the apparatus main body becomes constant. Alternatively, the sprockets (93, 94) may be connected to each other via a gear box, and in this case, several kinds of speed and reverse movement are possible. A plurality of parallel chain transmissions may be provided to obtain multi-speed. The parallel chain transmission parts have different sprocket ratios, and a clutch is provided so that only one chain transmission part engages selectively. It can be seen that the standard for determining the drive speed of the air mixing device is the ratio of the forward speed of the device main body to the operating speed of the pawl. This ratio also determines the piercing pattern created by the device. The absolute forward speed of the device body is controlled by controlling the throttle of the internal combustion engine (88). A differential gear (differential) may be provided on the rear axle (73) or on the hub portion of one of the rear wheels to facilitate the turning operation of the apparatus main body.

The hydraulic pressure for operating the hydraulic rams (86, 87) is supplied by a hydraulic pump (96) driven by an internal combustion engine (88) via a V-belt (98) and a pair of pulleys (99, 100). The power transmission section of the actuating arm shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is substantially the same as that shown in FIGS. 1 to 9 and will not be described in detail here. The crankshaft (14) of the power transmission unit is driven by the power of the internal combustion engine (88). That is, the sprocket (10
6) is fixed coaxially, and this sprocket (10
A chain (105) meshing with 6) is operatively connected to a sprocket (104) fixed to one end of a shaft (103) provided in the width direction of the apparatus body.
A sprocket (102) is fixed to the other end of the shaft (103). The sprocket (102) and the sprocket (25) provided at one end of the crankshaft are connected to the chain (10).
1) is operatively linked via. With this configuration, the power of the internal combustion engine (88) is transmitted to the crankshaft.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view of a part of the traction type air mixing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention as seen from an end direction, and FIG. 2 is a side view of a part of the device shown in FIG. 3 is a side view of the end portion of the operating arm, FIG. 4 is a plan sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is attached to the operating arm of FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 6 is a side view of the claw holder configured as described above, FIG. 6 is a plan view of the claw holder of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is designed to be attached to the actuating arm of FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 8 is a side view showing a modified example of the pawl holder, FIG. 8 is a plan view of the pawl holder shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a detailed view showing a part of the apparatus shown in FIGS. A side view, FIG. 10 is a simplified side view showing a second embodiment of the air-mixing device according to the present invention which is of a self-propelled type, and FIG. 11 is a simplified plan view showing the device of FIG.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-53-22048 (JP, A) JP-A-59-192002 (JP, A) Actual development 59-101603 (JP, U) JP-B-36- 17361 (JP, B1) Actual public 38-16602 (JP, Y1) Actual public 57-15602 (JP, Y2)

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A lawn air-mixing device for propelling and moving on the surface of a lawn, the components of which are a machine frame and at least two provided for supporting the machine frame.
Two ground wheels and rotatably mounted on the machine frame, and
A crankshaft extending laterally with respect to the machine frame, a plurality of rigid operating arms whose upper ends are pivotally supported by the crankshaft for reciprocating motion by the crankshaft, and rigidly attached to the lower ends of the arms. At least one pawl mounted, drive means for rotating the crankshaft attached to the machine frame, and guide means for restraining the lower end portion of the operating arm against lateral movement, Due to the rotation of the crankshaft, the operating arm reciprocates almost perpendicularly to the lawn, and the nail is pierced and withdrawn into the lawn. It is fixed and held horizontally,
Further, the guide means is a lawn aeration device including a plurality of holes for reciprocating the arms and a biasing means for biasing the arms forward in the respective holes. 2. The air mixing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the claw is attached to the arm by a caulking tool fixed to the operating arm. 3. The air mixing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the caulking tool is detachably fixed to the arm. 4. The air according to claim 3, wherein each crimping tool includes a sleeve that accommodates one end of each of the operating arms, and the one end of the arm is fixed to the sleeve by a fastening tool. Mixing device. 5. The air mixing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the claw is detachably fastened between crimp portions of the crimp tool. 6. The wheel is adjustably mounted to the machine frame so that the pawl is in a transport position away from the lawn,
6. The air mixing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein movement and adjustment are possible between an operating position capable of adjusting the depth of penetration of the nail into the ground in the previous period. 7. A protective means fixed to the machine casing, having a portion extending between the claws, and including a protection means for preventing the lawn from being lifted when the claws are pulled out. The air mixing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 8. The protection means has a front portion attached to the machine frame and a rear portion that engages grass when in use, the rear portion extending between a plurality of adjacent claws. The air mixing device according to claim 7, wherein the air mixing device has one piece. 9. The air mixing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hole is formed in a frame member of a machine frame. 10. The stem mixing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the claw is hollow. 11. The air-mixing device according to claim 2, wherein the crimping tool comprises a plurality of parts which are provided so as to be fastened together to hold a plurality of claws.