JPH0729001B2 - Oil recovery equipment - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an oil recovery device for recovering oil by separating water and sludge from waste liquid such as waste oil.

2. Description of the Related Art Usually, in a ship, unnecessary oil from the main engine, auxiliary machinery, etc.
That is, waste oil containing moisture, sludge, etc. in oil is generated, but this waste oil cannot be dumped into the sea and must be treated at a facility on land or onboard. However, it is preferable to carry out the treatment onboard because the treatment cost is high when the treatment is carried out at a facility on land. Conventionally, in the case of processing onboard, considering the economic idea, that is, the downsizing of the processing equipment and the fact that a large amount of usable oil is contained in the waste oil, some ships separate water and sludge from the waste oil. It is equipped with an oil recovery device. By the way, examples of this type of oil recovery apparatus include a specific gravity difference separation method and an evaporation method. As shown in FIG. 3, the former oil recovery device transfers waste oil from the waste oil tank 61 into the separation tank 62, and heats the waste oil by the heating pipe 63 arranged in the separation tank 62, After leaving still for a long time until an oil layer, a water layer and a sludge layer are formed due to the difference in specific gravity of water and sludge, remove water from the water extraction pipe 64 at the tank side and sludge from the sludge extraction pipe 65 at the bottom of the tank. After that, the oil was similarly taken out from the oil take-out pipe 66 at the bottom of the tank. In the latter oil recovery device, as shown in FIG. 4, the waste oil is transferred from the waste oil tank 71 to the evaporation tank 72, and the waste oil is heated by the heating pipe 73 arranged in the evaporation tank 72. After evaporating the water content, the residual oil was taken out from the bottom take-out pipe 74, and this residual oil was further sent to a centrifugal sludge separator (not shown) to separate the sludge.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention According to the above conventional configuration, there are the following problems.

(1) In the former case Since it is a batch type, the separation and removal time of oil becomes long and the capacity of the separation tank becomes large.

Since the water content is unknown and the water is taken out from the side water take-out pipe, the water removal becomes uncertain, and when it is emulsified, the water cannot be separated.

Separation of sludge becomes uncertain because it is difficult to distinguish between sludge and oil.

(2) In the latter case Since it is a batch type, the time for evaporation becomes long and the capacity of the separation tank becomes large.

The sludge separator for separating the sludge from the residual oil is required, and the apparatus becomes expensive.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an oil recovery device that can solve the above problems.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, an oil recovery device of the present invention is an oil recovery device for recovering oil by separating and removing water and sludge from a mixed waste liquid in which oil is mixed with water and sludge. In the container body, a waste liquid supply pipe for supplying waste liquid is connected to a lower portion of the container body, and an oil / water separation chamber in which a first heater for heating the waste liquid is arranged is provided in the lower portion of the container body. A sludge separation chamber in which a sludge separation plate that separates sludge from the oil separated by the specific gravity difference in the oil-water separation chamber is provided in the upper part of the A water settling chamber for guiding water to settle and separate the sludge is provided, and a second heater is disposed on the other side of the container body, and the liquid that has passed through the water settling chamber and the sludge separation chamber. A water evaporation chamber for guiding the body to evaporate water is provided, a gas-liquid separation chamber is provided in the container body above the water evaporation chamber, a sludge collecting chamber is provided at the bottom of the container body, and the water evaporation chamber is provided. An oil take-out pipe for taking out the remaining oil component to the outside and a sludge take-out pipe for taking out the sludge accumulated in the sludge accumulating chamber are provided.

Action According to the above configuration, the waste liquid supplied from the waste liquid supply pipe to the oil / water separation chamber in the container body is heated to a predetermined temperature by the first heater and divided into three layers of sludge, water and oil. Then, the uppermost oil component flows into the water evaporation chamber, where it is further heated by the second heater to evaporate and separate the water content contained in the oil component. The oil remaining in the water evaporation chamber is used in a boiler or the like after being recovered in a predetermined location, for example, an oil recovery tank, through an oil extraction pipe. On the other hand, the sludge settled in the sludge collecting chamber is discharged from a sludge take-out pipe to a predetermined location, for example, a sludge tank. Also,
When the water level in the oil-water separation chamber rises, water flows into the water evaporation chamber via the water setting chamber and is evaporated,
The water level in the oil / water separation chamber is controlled.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 indicates a waste oil tank 2 for storing waste oil of fuel (oil containing water, sludge, etc.) generated in a ship, for example.
It is a container body of an oil recovery device that separates water and sludge from waste oil. That is, in the lower part of the container body 1, one end is connected to the waste oil tank 2, and a waste oil pump 3, a first control valve 4, and a waste oil opening / closing valve 5 are provided in the middle of the waste oil supply pipe (waste liquid). The other end of the supply pipe) 6 is connected. In the lower part of the container body 1,
An oil / water separation chamber 9 in which a first heater (also referred to as a preheater) 8 for heating waste oil connected to the steam supply pipe 7 is arranged is provided, and in the upper part of the container body 1, the oil / water separation chamber 9 is provided.
A sludge separation chamber 12 in which a sludge separation plate 11 for separating sludge from oil separated by a specific gravity difference is disposed is provided, and a water set for sludge settling in water is provided on one side of the container body 1. A ring chamber 13 is provided. Incidentally, 14 and 15 are side plates for forming the sludge separation chamber 12 and the water settling chamber 13. The other side of the container body 1 opposite to the side of the water settling chamber 13 is connected to the second steam supply pipe 16 so that the sludge separation chamber 12 or the water settling chamber 13 can be connected to the first and second sides. A water evaporation chamber 20 is provided in which a second heater (also referred to as vaporizer) 19 that heats the liquid, that is, the oil content and the water content transferred through the two transfer tubes 17 and 18 is arranged. In addition, 21 is a partition plate for forming the water evaporation chamber 20, 22 is the first transfer pipe 17
It is a second control valve provided on the way. Further, first and second steam opening / closing valves 23, 24 are provided in the middle of the upper air first and second steam supply pipes 7, 16.

The water evaporation chamber 20 is connected to an oil withdrawal pipe 33 in which an oil component is introduced to an oil recovery tank 31 and a third control valve 32 is interposed in the middle thereof, and the liquid level in the water evaporation chamber 20 is adjusted. A liquid level gauge 34 for detecting and a temperature detector 35 for detecting the liquid temperature are provided. The oil / water separation chamber 9 is provided with a water detector 36 for detecting the water level inside the oil / water separation chamber 9.
At least the first to third control valves 4, 4 in order to input the signals from the temperature detector 36 and the temperature detector 35 to bring the liquid level and the liquid temperature in the oil / water separation chamber 9 and the water evaporation chamber 20 to a predetermined state. 22,32
A control device 37 for controlling the above is provided. Further, above the water evaporation chamber 20 in the container body 1, a gas-liquid separation plate 41 is provided.
Further, a gas-liquid separation chamber 44 in which a gas-liquid separator 43 is arranged is provided at a position above which the atmosphere discharge pipe 42 is connected, and a vapor blow valve 45 is provided in the middle of the bottom of the container body 1. Sludge accumulation chamber 47 in which the steam blow piping 46 that has been
Is provided. A sludge take-out pipe 49 for guiding the sludge to the sludge tank 48 is connected to the bottom of the sludge storage chamber 47. Further, although not shown, a waste oil return pipe is connected in the middle of the waste oil supply pipe 6 at a position upstream of the first control valve 4.

Next, the operation will be described.

Normally, while the operation is stopped, the container main body 1 is filled with waste oil, and the temperature of the container 1 is maintained at 80 ° C by the first heater 8.
Held in. If it is empty at the beginning of operation,
Heavy fuel oil C is put into the water evaporation chamber 20 from the hopper 50 to the normal liquid surface.

When the operation is started, the waste oil opening / closing valve 5 and the second steam opening / closing valve 24 are opened and the waste oil pump 3 is operated. Next, when the oil temperature in the water evaporation chamber 20 becomes 115 to 120 ° C. or higher, the first control valve 4 is opened by the control device 37 via the temperature detector 35 to quantify the waste oil in the oil / water separation chamber 9. Supplied.
The oil temperature in the water evaporation chamber 20 is limited to about 120 ° C. by the automatic temperature control valve at the steam inlet. The waste oil supplied into the oil / water separation chamber 9 is heated to about 80 ° C. and separated into three layers of oil, water and sludge. The oil separated into the uppermost layer passes through the sludge separation plate 11 to remove the sludge, and then flows into the water evaporation chamber 20 through the first transfer pipe. The separated sludge is collected in the sludge storage chamber 47
Settles to. Oil content flowing into the water evaporation chamber 20 is 115-120 ℃
Is heated, the water mixed with the oil is evaporated and separated, and is discharged from the atmosphere discharge pipe 42. The oil content from which water has been removed is guided to the oil recovery tank 31 via the oil take-out pipe 33. In addition, when the oil temperature in the water evaporation chamber 20 falls below the water evaporation temperature, the controller 37 is controlled by the controller 37 via the temperature detector 35.
And the third control valves 4 and 32 are closed, and the oil temperature becomes 115 to 120 again.
The supply of waste oil and the removal of the oil component are temporarily stopped until the temperature reaches 0 ° C., that is, until the water content evaporates. On the other hand, when the water separated in the oil / water separation chamber 9 accumulates in the upper part of the sludge accumulation chamber 47, the water level rises and the water detector 36 operates, the control device is activated.
The second control valve 22 is closed by 37, the accumulated water enters the water settling chamber 13 to separate the sludge from sedimentation, and then flows into the water evaporation chamber 20 from the second transfer pipe 18 and is evaporated. Released into the atmosphere. During this period, the third control valve 32 is closed and the oil discharge is stopped. By this control, the water level in the oil / water separation chamber 9 is maintained within a certain range.

Then, the sludge separated in the oil / water separation chamber 9, the sludge separation chamber 12 and the water settling chamber 13 is discharged into the sludge tank 48 through the sludge take-out pipe 49 and incinerated after landing. When the sludge is stuck in the sludge accumulating chamber 47 and cannot be discharged, steam is supplied from the steam blow pipe 46 to heat and soften the sludge, and then the sludge is discharged.

In this way, the oil from which water and sludge have been removed from the waste oil can be continuously recovered.

When stopping the apparatus, the second steam opening / closing valve 24 of the second heater 19 is closed and the waste oil pump 3 is stopped. It should be noted that the first heater 8 is constantly supplied with steam so that the waste oil in the device does not cool and stick, and the temperature in the device is maintained at about 80 ° C.

A schematic flow of the above operation is shown in FIG.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the configuration of the present invention, in the container body,
Since an oil / water separation chamber, a sludge separation chamber, a water evaporation chamber, and a gas-liquid separation chamber are provided, oil can be continuously recovered from the waste liquid, and therefore the size of the recovery tank can be reduced and the size of the entire device can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to achieve labor saving by hardly performing valve operation such as batch processing, and further, since a conventional centrifugal sludge separator is not required, the cost is reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall sectional view, FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a schematic process, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are sectional views showing a schematic structure of a conventional example. 4 ... First control valve, 6 ... Waste oil supply pipe, 8 ... First heater, 9 ... Oil-water separation chamber, 11 ... Sludge separation plate, 12 ...
Sludge separation chamber, 13 …… Water setting ring chamber, 17 …… First
Transfer pipe, 18 ...... second transfer pipe, 20 ... water evaporation chamber, 22 ... second control valve, 32 ... third control valve, 33 ... oil take-out pipe, 34 ...
… Liquid level gauge, 35 …… Temperature detector, 36 …… Water detector, 37 ……
Control device, 43 ... Gas-liquid separator, 44 ... Gas-liquid separation chamber, 47 ...
… Sludge collecting chamber, 49 …… Sludge removal pipe.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An oil recovery apparatus for recovering oil by separating and removing water and sludge from a mixed waste liquid in which water, sludge, etc. are mixed in oil, and a waste liquid supply pipe for supplying the waste liquid to a lower portion of a container body. And an oil-water separation chamber in which a first heater for heating the waste liquid is arranged in the lower part of the container body,
An upper part of the container body is provided with a sludge separation chamber in which a sludge separation plate for separating sludge from oil separated by a specific gravity difference in the oil-water separation chamber is provided, and one side of the container body is provided with an oil-water separation chamber. A water setting ring chamber is installed to guide the water accumulated in the chamber to settle and separate sludge.
A second heater is arranged on the other side of the container body, and a water evaporation chamber for guiding the liquid that has passed through the water settling chamber and the sludge separation chamber to evaporate water is provided.
A gas-liquid separation chamber is provided in the container body above the water evaporation chamber, a sludge collection chamber is provided at the bottom of the container body, and an oil take-out pipe and a sludge collection chamber for taking out the oil remaining in the water evaporation chamber to the outside. An oil recovery device that is equipped with a sludge removal pipe for removing sludge accumulated in the chamber.