JPH0729840B2 - Continuous production equipment for long ceramic plates - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention extrudes a raw material containing clay as a main material, and continuously extrudes a layered forming band in which ceramic paper is layered between the raw materials. The present invention relates to an apparatus for continuously producing long porcelain plates by drying, cutting and firing the same.

[Conventional technology]

In order to manufacture roof tiles, tiles, etc. using clay, for example, Kibushi Clay, Frogme Clay, Shigaraki Clay, the continuous molding strip sent from the molding machine is cut into short pieces, and further shaped by press working, etc. It was manufactured by either drying and baking, or by filling a mold with the material, molding this by pressing, and then drying and baking. Further, in order to give tiles, roof tiles, etc. a design property, glaze and frits have been glazed and fired. Furthermore, it is also considered to laminate two kinds of clay in layers using two extruders. However, in this type of apparatus, polymerization of raw materials is performed by simply pressing different raw materials into the main material in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the main raw material. At the time of cutting or firing, blisters, cracks, cracks and the like were generated on the polymerized surface, and the yield was significantly reduced. Further, since the clay is dried by heat from the outside, it is in a non-uniform dry state inside the clay, which causes blisters, cracks, cracks and the like at the time of firing.

[Object of the Invention]

The present invention, in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, the raw material mainly composed of clay, in an extruder in which a plurality of extruders are connected to the same die and the raw materials are simultaneously extruded in layers, just before the raw materials are polymerized In addition, by forming a coating material supply part for laminating a coating material made of ceramic paper on the polymerized surface of the raw materials, and then continuously performing drying, cutting and firing, it is inexpensive and, moreover, the raw materials are bonded together. By improving the power and further promoting the internal heating by far-infrared radiation at the time of heating by the ceramic paper interposed between the raw materials, it is possible to continuously produce a long porcelain plate excluding blisters, cracks, cracks, etc. between the raw materials. It proposes a continuous production device for long ceramic plates.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of a continuous production apparatus for long porcelain plates according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of the above apparatus. In the figure 1
Is an extruder, and as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), a plurality of extruders (two in the figure) 2 and 3 are connected to the same base 7, and between the extruders 2 and 3. The coating material supply unit 8 is formed. The extruders 2 and 3 are vacuum kneaders, uniaxial or biaxial molding machines, and the like. More specifically, the extruder 1
Is the extruders 2 and 3 that simultaneously extrude clay-based raw materials (hereinafter simply referred to as raw materials) A and B, and between the raw materials A and B, a coating material made of ceramic paper from the coating material supply unit 8 (hereinafter (Referred to simply as a coating material) C is continuously supplied, and the same base 7 is used, for example, as shown in FIG.
(R), FIGS. 5 (a) to (j), and FIG. 6 (a) to
A layered molding strip (hereinafter simply referred to as a molding strip) D having a predetermined cross-sectional shape consisting of three layers of raw materials A and B and a coating material C as shown in (j) is formed. That is, the raw material A is a main part of the forming belt D, and the raw material B is a decorative surface or a pattern. For example, porcelain stone, feldspar, kaolinite, halosite, metahalosite, kibushi clay, frog. Clay material made by crushing eye clay, Shigaraki clay, etc. and kneading with water, or mineral fibers such as asbestos and rock wool,
Carbon fiber, steel fiber, organic fiber, glass fiber, wood chips, chamotte, beads and other aggregates are mixed. It should be noted that the raw material A is inexpensive and the raw material B is
By using a high-quality raw material such as elutriation, the cost of the raw material can be reduced. Reference numeral 4 denotes a raw material guide section, which comprises a different raw material guide section 5 and a main raw material guide section 6, and is shown in FIG.
As shown in (b) (cross-sectional view taken along the line EE in (a)), it is integrally formed through a bolt or the like (not shown) to form the flow path α. More specifically, the dissimilar raw material guide unit 5 forms a flow path β of the raw material B while setting the laminated thickness of the raw material B by forming a step difference of Δh with the upper die 7a of the die 7, which will be described later. By providing the wedge-shaped guide piece 5a protruding in the flow direction of the raw material A between the raw materials A and B, it is effective to reduce the stacking pressure of the raw material B on the coating material C and smooth the flow. . Reference numeral 7 denotes a die, which is formed by fixing the upper die 7a and the lower die 7b with bolts or the like,
Is a part that determines the final cross-sectional shape of. The upper base 7a
Is combined with the different raw material guide unit 5 to produce the raw material B.
It also has a function as a guide surface and for forming the flow path β. Reference numeral 8 denotes a coating material supply section, which continuously extrudes a coating material C made of ceramic paper containing alumina or silica as a main component on the polymerization surface of the raw material A pumped from the extruder 2 with the raw material B. The extruder 2 is supplied from the insertion port 2a of the machine 2.
The coating material C compressed in the circumferential direction is fed at the same speed as the raw material A. In addition, the coating material supply unit 8 and the insertion port 2
In order to make the supply of the covering material C smooth between a and a, it is possible to provide a covering material feeding portion 8a composed of a driving roller or the like. Of course, the insertion port 2a has a structure in which the raw material A does not leak out. Further, 9 is a core, which is provided when forming a hollow hole a in the molding strip D as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (j). The core 9 is fixed by a fixing bolt 10. It is fixed to the core fixing portion 11. In addition, as shown by the alternate long and short dash line, the air supply device 13 and the core 9 are connected by a pipe 12,
By supplying hot air, dry air, or the like into the hollow holes a or exhausting the air, it is possible to promote drying from the inside of the molding strip D. Further, a baffle bar 14 is provided at a position shown by a dotted line in FIGS. 2A and 2B, and the baffle bar 14 is arranged so as to freely project into the flow paths α and β. , B
It is also possible to remove the uneven density. The reference numeral 15 denotes a driving conveyer, which is composed of at least one kind of a flea roller, a driving roller, a belt, a mesh belt, etc., and has a speed equal to or slightly faster than the speed of the molding strip D extruded from the extrusion molding machine 1. It was driven by. Further, when the driving carrier 15 is driven a little faster than the extruder 1 ,
It also has a function of correcting twisting and warping of the forming belt D. Reference numeral 16 denotes a dryer, which encloses a part of the driving carrier 15 or all (not shown), and one or more of infrared heaters, far-infrared heaters, microwaves, waste heat of a firing furnace 19 described later, etc. are provided by a heat source 16a. For example, the water content of the formation zone D is 18 to 20
% For reducing the content to 0 to 2% to enhance the shape retention and to make it a calcinable property. In addition, the dryer 16 is provided with an infrared heater, only microwaves, or alternately or divided into front and rear zones, and the atmosphere is heated to about 200 to 500 ° C. so that the dough does not crack or deform. It heats according to the curve. Reference numeral 17 denotes a traveling cutter, which cuts the dried forming belt D into a regular length by a rotary blade, laser, water pressure, or electric discharge machining to form a long and constant length drying plate E (hereinafter, simply referred to as a drying plate). Is. Of course, the traveling cutter 17 cuts in synchronization with the speed of the forming belt D. 18 is a transfer machine, a traveling cutter 17
The drying plate E, which is cut to a fixed length by the above method, is conveyed to the firing furnace 19 at a speed higher than that of the driving conveyer 15, and the collision between the molding strip D and the drying plate E is prevented. 19 is a firing furnace, which consists of a roller hearth kiln and a tunnel type firing furnace.
The structure has a mountain-shaped temperature distribution from the inlet 19a to the outlet 19b, and is configured by temporarily dividing the preheating region 20, the firing region 21, and the cooling region 22, and the temperature of the preheating region 20 is 150 to 700 ° C. The area 21 is 300 to 1300 ° C, and the cooling area 22 is 600 to 100 ° C. Of course, the temperature setting between the regions differs depending on the type, composition, and combination of the raw materials A and B, and the temperature between the regions is not clearly divided, and it is tentative during the continuous firing. It is a division. Further the sintering furnace 19 will be described, the firing furnace 19 is intended to firing the dried plate E by burning combustible gas, for example LPG gas, the arrangement of the burner (not shown) therefor in correspondence with the respective areas It is provided. Further, as a conveying means of the dry plate E in the baking furnace 19 , a mesh belt, a metal roller,
A ceramic roller, an alumina roller, or the like is used. Especially, since the temperature of the firing region 21 rises to about 1300 ° C., an alumina roller 25 is placed between the metal spindles 23 and 24, as shown in FIG. 7, for example. Then, the heat transfer is carried so as not to transfer the heat conduction to the drive source. The firing area 21 of the firing furnace 19 is formed by refractory bricks or the like, and the furnace is made to pass through it linearly and continuously, and an exhaust damper (not shown) is provided between each equipment and area. It is something to keep. The reference numeral 26 denotes a carrier for carrying the long porcelain plate F coming out of the outlet 19b of the firing furnace 19 to a process such as packing.

[Other Examples]

The above description is merely one example of the continuous porcelain plate continuous production apparatus according to the present invention, and the continuous porcelain plate can be formed as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 (a) to (c). That is, FIG. 8 shows the shape of the core fixing portion 11 between the extruder 2 and the raw material guide portion 4 , in which the cross-sectional area of the flow path α is at the positions of the fixing bolt 10 and the pipe 12 from the inlet portion 11a and the outlet portion 11b. The extrusion molding machine 1 is formed so as to be large, and prevents the pressure from rising due to resistance by the fixing bolt 10 and the pipe 12. Further, FIG. 9 shows that the raw materials A, B and G are formed by forming a plurality of extruders 3 (two in the figure) and a plurality of coating material supply units 8 (two in the figure).
The extruder 1 has a covering material C interposed therebetween. Further, FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (c) are modified examples of the cross section of the covering material C and the molding strip D, and as shown in FIG.
By forming a quadrangle, or a triangular, trapezoidal, circular, or dovetail-shaped uneven portion C ₁ on the covering C on the front surface side, the back surface side, or both, as shown in FIGS. As described above, the molding band D is extruded, the anchor effect is exerted by the uneven portion C ₁ , and the designability is improved.
Further, a glazing machine 27 may be provided at a position shown by a dotted line in FIG. 1 to perform enamel finish.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the continuous production apparatus for a long porcelain plate according to the present invention, it is possible to integrally form clay of a plurality of raw materials according to the use, so that the cost of raw materials can be reduced and the designability can be improved. Since the coating material exists between the raw materials, the raw material as the main material does not flow into another extruder. Since a covering material made of ceramic paper is interposed between the raw materials, it becomes a cushioning material during firing, preventing peeling, blistering, cracking, and deformation between the raw materials, and further radiating far-infrared rays from the covering material during heating to achieve homogeneous firing. In addition, the raw materials are surely integrated with each other. On the surface where the raw materials in the extruder are polymerized, a different raw material guide part is formed by projecting a guide piece along the flow direction, so even if different raw materials are accumulated in the vertical direction on the raw material that is the main material, The flow becomes smooth and the control of extrusion pressure and extrusion speed is simplified. Extrusion molding-drying-cutting-firing can be carried out continuously, and at low cost, there is design, and a long porcelain plate can be continuously manufactured. The length of the porcelain plate can be cut to any length, and since it is cut after drying, the cut end can be cut beautifully. Mass production is possible, and the yield is greatly improved compared to before. There are characteristics and effects.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a typical example of a continuous production apparatus for a long porcelain plate according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are explanatory views explaining an extruder, and FIG. 3 (a). ) And (b) are explanatory views for explaining the raw material guide part, FIGS. 4 (a) to (r), 5 (a) to (j), and 6 (a) to (j) are layered. Explanatory drawing showing an example of a forming band, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a part of a firing furnace, FIG. 8, FIG. 9, FIG. 10 (a), (c) Explanatory drawing for explaining other embodiments Is. 1 …… Extrusion molding machine 2, 3 …… Extrusion machine, 4 …… Raw material guide section, 5 …… Different clay guide section, 7 …… Mouthpiece, 8 …… Coating material supply section, 16 …… Dryer, 17 …… Traveling cutter, 19 …… Baking furnace.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical indication C04B 33/30 L 33/32 L

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An extrusion molding machine for continuously extruding a raw material containing clay as a main material, a drive transportation machine for transporting a continuous molding strip fed from the extrusion molding machine in that state, and the transportation machine. And a continuous dryer which surrounds a part of or all of the above, and which dries the continuous molding belt to 0 to 2% while being conveyed in an extruded state, and a continuous molding belt dried by the dryer. A traveling cutter that cuts to a fixed length, a transfer device that transfers a long drying plate that is cut to a fixed size by the traveling cutter to a firing furnace at a speed faster than the drive transfer device, and is sent from the transfer device. A firing furnace that continuously preheats, fires, and gradually cools a long dry plate, and a conveyer that sends the long drying plate to the next step from the outlet of the firing furnace are arranged, and the extruder is a plurality of extruders. Immediately before the raw materials are polymerized by connecting the Continuous production apparatus for a long ceramic plate to a coating material consisting of ceramic paper, characterized in that the formation of the coating material supply unit to be stacked on the polymerization surface of the material with each other.