JPH0733884B2 - Steam boiler steam separator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to a steam-water separator incorporated in a steam boiler such as a water tube type boiler or a fire tube smoke tube type boiler, and is particularly preferably used in a small boiler having a relatively small capacity of about 4000 kg / h to 40 kg / h. The present invention relates to a steam separator.

[Prior art]

As this kind of conventional steam-water separator, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a separator installed in a water tube type boiler in which the upper and lower ends of the water tube group 1 are connected by pipe pullers 2 and 3, and as shown in FIG. ,drum
It is known that a furnace tube smoke tube type boiler in which a furnace tube 22 and a smoke can group 23 are installed in a can water portion B in 21 is incorporated. In each of these steam / water separators 8 ′, a steam / water separating device 10 ′ swirls a steam / water mixed fluid 20 supplied from a steam generating portion A of a boiler into a cylindrical steam / water separating chamber 9 ′. The vapor 20a separated from the liquid phase is taken out from the vapor extraction pipe 18 ', and the water 20b separated from the vapor phase is taken out from the downcomer pipe 17' to the boiler water portion B of the boiler. It is configured to return. By the way, generally, the higher the flow velocity of the steam-water mixture fluid 20 flowing into the steam-water separator 10 ', the greater the separation effect by the steam-water separator 8', but the pressure loss at the inlet and outlet of the steam-water separator 10 'is , Generally increases in proportion to the square of the flow velocity. This pressure loss is approximately equal to the difference ΔH between the water level of the water level gauge 4 interposed between the upper and lower heads 2 and 3 and the water level of the separated water 20b in the downcomer 17 '. In addition, unless the height difference H ₀ between the water surface of the downcomer pipe 17 ′ and the installation position of the air / water separation device 10 ′ is kept above a certain level, the separated water 20b in the downcomer pipe 17 ′ will be separated into air and water. The separation effect is adversely affected by the invasion into the chamber 9 '. From these facts, in the case of a boiler having a relatively small capacity, in order to maintain the separation effect of the steam separator 8'at a high level, the steam separator 8'should be placed at a higher position than necessary. I have to do it. For example, in the water tube type boiler, the steam separator 8'must be installed at a position extremely higher than the upper header 2. However, the steam / water separator 8'cannot be installed at a certain level or higher due to restrictions on the boiler installation, transportation, etc., and the fact is that it is not possible to obtain highly dry steam. .

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

It is an object of the present invention to solve such a problem and to provide a steam separator capable of obtaining steam with extremely high dryness.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The steam-water separator of the present invention which has solved this problem is a cylindrical steam-water separation chamber partitioned into a primary separation chamber and a secondary separation chamber that communicate with each other, and in the primary separation chamber, is supplied from the steam generation part of the boiler. A primary separation device that separates the gas-water mixed fluid into a gas phase and a liquid phase, a downcomer that returns the primary separated water that has been separated from the gas phase in the primary separation chamber to the boiler water section, and a secondary separation In the chamber, a secondary separation device that further separates the primary separation vapor separated from the liquid phase in the primary separation chamber and supplied from the communication part of both separation chambers into a gas phase and a liquid phase, and a gas phase in the secondary separation chamber. A concentrated water discharge device for discharging the secondary separated water separated from the boiler to the outside of the boiler, and a steam extraction pipe for discharging the secondary separated steam separated from the liquid phase in the secondary separation chamber to the outside of the boiler. . The concentrated water discharge device may be provided with a heat exchanger arranged in a water supply tank of the boiler, and a drain pipe led from the secondary separation chamber to the outside of the boiler through the heat exchanger. preferable.

[Action]

The steam supplied from the steam generating part of the boiler to the primary separation chamber is separated into a gas phase and a liquid phase by the primary separation device. The primary separated water separated in the primary separation chamber is returned from the downcomer pipe to the boiler water section. On the other hand, the primary separation vapor separated in the primary separation chamber is introduced into the secondary separation chamber from the communication part, and further separated into the gas phase and the liquid phase by the secondary separation device. The secondary separated vapor separated from the liquid phase in the secondary separation chamber is taken out from the vapor extraction pipe and supplied to an appropriate heat load section. This secondary separation steam is obtained by further separating water from the secondary separation steam from which water has been separated in the primary separation chamber, and in combination with the large separation effect by the secondary separation device as described later, It is possible to obtain steam with a high degree of dryness (for example, 99% or more) without raising the installation position of the steam separator. On the other hand, the secondary separated water separated from the gas phase in the secondary separation chamber is discharged to the low pressure atmosphere (normal pressure atmosphere) outside the boiler. In this way, the secondary separated water is not returned to the high-pressure canned water portion as in the conventional steam-water separator and is discharged into the low-pressure atmosphere, so that a sufficient pressure loss (for example, 0.
2kg / cm ² ) can be taken. Therefore, the separation effect of the secondary separation device is large, the structure of the primary separation device can be simplified, and the pressure loss at the inlet and outlet of the primary separation device can be significantly reduced, and the installation position of the steam separator can be further lowered. Further, the secondary separated water is highly concentrated water separated from the primary separated steam, and since the highly concentrated canned water is discharged to the outside of the boiler, the water quality of the canned water can be maintained in good condition and continuous blowing is possible. Can be combined. Therefore, it is indispensable to equip a small-sized boiler as described above with a continuous blowing device, but the steam-water separator of the present invention does not require such a blowing device. Furthermore, if the concentrated water discharge device is provided with a drainage pipe and a heat exchanger interposed therewith, the heat of the secondary separated water, which is hot water, can be effectively recovered, and the water supply to the can water portion can be performed. It is possible to increase the temperature and promote degassing.

【Example】

Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be specifically described based on the embodiment shown in FIG. In the water tube type boiler shown in FIG.
A group of water pipes connected by 3, 4 is a water level gauge interposed between the heads 2 and 3, 5 is a water supply tank, 6 is a water supply pipe led from the water supply tank 5 to the lower heading 3, 3 is a water supply pipe 6 Is a water supply pump that is controlled by the water level gauge 4 so as to maintain the water level at a set water level, and 8 is a steam separator. The steam separator 8 includes a primary separator 10 in a steam separator 9 having a cylindrical shape.
And a secondary separating device 11 installed therein. The steam separation chamber 9
The partition 12 divides the lower primary separation chamber 13 and the upper secondary separation chamber 14
It is divided into and. Both of the separation chambers 13 and 14 are in communication with each other via a steam injection section 15 which is a communication section formed in the partition wall 12. Into the primary separation chamber 13, a steam generating part A of the boiler, that is, a steam-water mixed fluid injection pipe 16 connected to the upper head 2 is introduced, and in the lower part of the primary separation chamber 13, a boiler water part. B, that is, the downcomer 17 that is led to the lower head 3 is connected. A vapor extraction pipe 18 is connected to the upper part of the secondary separation chamber 14, and a concentrated water discharge device 19 is connected to the lower part thereof. This concentrated water discharge device 19 is connected to the lower part of the secondary separation chamber 14 and includes a drain pipe 19a guided to a low pressure atmosphere (normal pressure atmosphere) outside the boiler, a trap provided in the drain pipe 19a, and the like. The water drainer 19b and the drainage pipe 19a are installed to provide a water supply tank.
15 and a heat exchanger 19c arranged inside. The primary separation device 10 is provided with a swirl vane 10a, and is provided at the tip of the air / water mixed fluid injection pipe 16. The steam-water mixed fluid 20 generated in the steam generating section A is a steam-water mixed fluid injection pipe 16
Flow into the primary separation device 10 from which it is swirled by the swirl vanes 10a to flow into the primary separation chamber 13, and are separated into primary separation steam 20a and primary separation water 20b due to the difference in specific gravity. The primary separation steam 20a rises as it is and flows into the secondary separation chamber 14 from the steam blowing section 15. Primary separation water 20b is in the primary separation chamber 1
It flows down to the lower part of 3, and is returned from the downcomer 17 to the lower part of the header 3. The secondary separation device 11 has a swirl vane 11a similar to the primary separation device 10.
And is provided at the tip of the steam blowing unit 15. The primary separation steam 20a separated in the primary separation chamber 13 flows into the secondary separation device 11 from the steam injection part 15, and swirling vanes 11a.
Thus, a swirling flow is made to flow into the secondary separation chamber 14, and the secondary separation steam 20'a and the secondary separation water 20'b are separated by the difference in specific gravity. The secondary separated steam 20'a is taken out of the steam separator 8 through the steam extraction pipe 18, and the secondary separated steam 20'a is taken out.
a is the primary separation steam 20a from which water has been separated in the primary separation chamber 13.
Since the water is further separated from the above, the dryness is extremely high. Therefore, it is possible to obtain steam having a dryness of 99% or more without installing the steam separator 8 at a higher position than necessary. On the other hand, the secondary separated water 20'b flows down to the lower part of the secondary separation chamber 14, is taken out to the drainage pipe 19a by the moisture drainer 19b, and is discharged from the drainage pipe 19a to the low pressure atmosphere outside the boiler. At this time, the secondary separated water 20'b, which is hot water, is recovered by passing through the heat exchanger 19c. Therefore, the water temperature in the water supply tank 15 is raised, and the degassing of the water supplied to the can water portion B can be promoted. The secondary separated water 20'b is highly concentrated water separated from the primary separated steam 20a, but the highly concentrated water of the canned water is not returned to the canned water portion B or its water supply line and is discharged outside the system. Since the water is discharged into the tank, the water quality of the can water can be maintained in good condition and can also serve as continuous blowing. By the way, the steam separator 8 according to the present invention is applied not only to the water tube type boiler described above, but also to the furnace tube smoke tube type boiler having the furnace tube 22 and the smoke tube 23 as shown in FIG. It can be preferably used as well. Since the structure of the steam separator 8 is the same as that in the above-mentioned embodiment, its details are omitted. Further, the configuration of the steam separator 8 according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be appropriately changed or improved without departing from the basic principle of the present invention. For example, each separation device 10,11
In addition to the above-mentioned swirl vane type steam-water separator structure, a tangential-direction blow-type steam-water separator structure in which the fluids 20 and 20a to be separated are blown tangentially to the inner wall surfaces of the separation chambers 13 and 14 The fluid 20 and 20a may be reversely flown so as to have an inner cylinder type steam-water separator structure or the like that separates into a gas phase and a liquid phase, and the configuration thereof is arbitrary. Alternatively, the secondary separated liquid 20'b may be blown directly into the water supply tank 5.

【The invention's effect】

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the primary separation steam from which water has been separated in the primary separation chamber is further separated from the water in the secondary separation chamber, so that the steam separator is set higher than necessary. Even if it is not installed, steam with extremely high dryness can be obtained. Moreover, in order to discharge the secondary separated water separated from the gas phase in the secondary separation chamber to the low pressure atmosphere outside the boiler,
The separation effect of the secondary separation device can be increased, the pressure loss at the inlet and outlet of the primary separation device can be reduced, and the installation position of the steam separator can be further lowered. Therefore, coupled with the fact that the structure of the primary separation device can be simplified, the boiler structure can be miniaturized without complicating it. Furthermore, by discharging the secondary separated water, which is highly concentrated water of canned water, out of the boiler, the water quality of the canned water can be maintained, and continuous blowing can also be performed. Also, the heat of the secondary separated water can be effectively recovered in the water supply system to the can water portion, and the temperature of the water supply can be increased and deaeration can be promoted. Therefore, by incorporating the steam separator of the present invention,
Boiler capacity can be greatly improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of a steam separator according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing a modification thereof, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are prior arts, respectively. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows. A: Boiler steam generation section, B: Boiler can water section, 8
…… Air-water separator, 9 …… Air-water separation chamber, 10 …… Primary separation device, 11 …… Secondary separation device, 12 …… Partition wall, 13 …… Primary separation chamber, 14 …… Secondary separation chamber, 15 ... Steam injection part (communication part),
16 …… Air-water mixture fluid injection pipe, 17 …… Precipitation pipe, 18 …… Steam extraction pipe, 19 …… Concentrated water discharge device, 19a …… Drain pipe, 19c…
… Heat exchanger, 20 …… Air-water mixed fluid, 20a …… Primary separation steam, 20b …… Primary separation water, 20′a …… Secondary separation steam, 2
0'b ... Secondary separated water.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A tubular air-water separation chamber partitioned into a primary separation chamber and a secondary separation chamber that communicate with each other, and a primary separation chamber,
A primary separation device that separates the gas-water mixed fluid supplied from the steam generation part of the boiler into a gas phase and a liquid phase, and returns the primary separated water separated from the gas phase in the primary separation chamber to the boiler can water part. In the downcomer, in the secondary separation chamber, a secondary separation device that separates the primary separation vapor separated from the liquid phase in the primary separation chamber and supplied from the communication part of both separation chambers into a gas phase and a liquid phase, A concentrated water discharge device that discharges the secondary separated water separated from the gas phase in the secondary separation chamber to the outside of the boiler, and a steam extraction pipe that extracts the secondary separated steam separated from the liquid phase in the secondary separation chamber to the outside of the boiler. A steam-water separator for a steam boiler, comprising: 2. The concentrated water discharge device comprises a heat exchanger arranged in a water supply tank of the boiler, and a drain pipe led from the secondary separation chamber to the outside of the boiler through the heat exchanger. The steam-water separator of the steam boiler according to claim 1, wherein the steam-water separator is a steam boiler.