JPH0734663B2 - Jet generator by electric field - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to a jet generation by an electric field in which a jet flow is generated in a liquid by applying a high voltage between electrodes oppositely installed in the liquid. The present invention relates to improvement of an apparatus, and more particularly to improvement of an electrode used in the jet generator.

(Prior Art) The present inventors have already proposed a method of generating a jet flow in a liquid by utilizing a high voltage electric field. (Japanese Patent Application No. 59-66
This method will be described with reference to FIG. 3. In the liquid 1, a ring-shaped electrode 3 is provided in the liquid 1 at a predetermined distance from the surface electrode 2, and a high voltage is applied between both electrodes. . Then, a strong electric field and a weak electric field are generated around the electric wire forming the ring-shaped electrode 3, and the liquid is surrounded by the electric wire from the outside of the ring-shaped electrode 3 through the gap between the electrodes due to the strength of the electric field. Passing through the inside 5 of the ring-shaped electrode 3
And flows upwards.

However, in this known method, since the jet stream 4 is ejected from the inside 5 of the narrow ring-shaped electrode 3, the flow is too small as a whole, and the liquid cannot be sufficiently flowed and stirred.

In order to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a large number of electric wires 15 are crossed vertically and horizontally, and the distance between the electric wires 15 is made different so that the mesh electrodes 13 having different meshes (unevenly spaced electrodes). A jet generator in which the reticulated electrode 13 is installed facing the surface electrode 12 has already been proposed.

An electric field is formed when a high voltage is applied between the electrodes having the above-described configuration, and lines of electric force act between each linear electrode material 15 of the electrode 13 and the surface electrode 12. The area S formed by the electrode material and having a narrow interval 16 is
Is stronger than the electric field in the wide region W having the interval 16. When the electric field acts on the liquid, the pressure of the liquid increases by (1/2) εE ² (ε: permittivity, E: electric field strength). The region S formed by the electrode material 15 having the narrow space 16 is next large, and the region W formed by the electrode material is wide space W.
Pressure is the smallest.

As a result, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 4, the liquid has a flow toward the surface electrode 12 through the region S having a narrow interval formed by the wire, and this flow changes its direction at the surface electrode 12 and forms a wide region W.
It becomes a jet flow toward.

In Figure 15, Indicates a flow flowing between the electrodes.

That is, the pressure of the liquid in the narrow region S where the electric field is strong becomes larger than the pressure of the liquid in the wide region W where the electric field is weak, and the direction of the jet flow is determined by the pressure gradient. Since the linear electrode materials 15 are close to each other in the narrow region S, when the same voltage is applied as compared to the wide region W, the electric field in this region becomes stronger, and the liquid rises accordingly, resulting in a pressure gradient. Becomes larger and the flow velocity of the jet stream becomes larger.

A wire material such as brass or stainless steel is used as the linear electrode material 15 constituting the electrode 13, and the diameter d of the wire material is 0.5 to 5 m.
m, the interval S between the narrow regions of both electrode materials is preferably in the range of 1 to 50 mm.

The width of the wide area W with respect to the narrow area S is in the range of 1.25 to 20 times, that is, the interval W of the wide area with respect to the interval S of the narrow area.
The ratio of S / W is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 0.8, and the distance D between the surface electrode 12 and the non-equidistant electrode 13 is preferably 0.5 to 50 mm. When a voltage of 5 to 30 KV is applied to the electrodes constituted by the range, the jet flow is effectively ejected from the wide area of the electrode material.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in order to manufacture a large number of non-equidistant electrodes using the ring-shaped electrode 3 described above, it is necessary to combine and manufacture a large number of electrodes 3 on a ring. However, the manufacturing process is complicated and the manufacturing cost is high. In addition,
How to make the inflow and outflow parts of the fluid,
There are also issues that need to be resolved.

On the other hand, the mesh electrode 13 as described above requires knitting a metal wire to knit a small mesh portion, a large mesh portion, and the like, which complicates the configuration and makes it relatively difficult to improve manufacturing accuracy. Had a high manufacturing cost.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a jet generator capable of easily generating a jet flow over the entire surface of a surface electrode and facilitating manufacturing of non-uniformly spaced electrodes.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, in the jet generator according to the present invention, the other electrode facing the surface electrode is a perforated plate electrode having a punched plate material, and the diameters of adjacent light beams are different. In this way, the non-equidistant electrodes are formed by punching holes in such a manner or by punching holes adjacent to each other at different intervals.

(Function) The above-mentioned surface electrode and the perforated plate electrode are configured so that the gaps between adjacent electrodes are not equal by punching unequal holes or varying the gaps between the holes as described above. When a high voltage is applied between the electrodes, the liquid flows in between the electrodes in the narrow space area of the perforated plate electrode, and the jet flow flows out in the wide space area.

(Example) Hereinafter, the Example of this invention is described with reference to drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the porous electrode 13 of the jet generating electrode according to the present invention.

The porous plate electrode of the present invention has a plurality of large holes 19a and small holes 19b.
It is composed of a plate-shaped electrode material 18 in which and are alternately bored. The holes formed in the plate-shaped electrode material 18 are the intervals shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.
Corresponding to 16, the large holes 19a serve as a wide region W, and the small holes 19b serve as a narrow region S. Since these are arranged alternately, the perforated plate electrode 13 of this configuration is the same as in the above embodiment. When a high voltage is applied between the surface electrode 12 and the surface electrode 12, the liquid directly below the perforated plate electrode 13 has the highest pressure and the large holes 19
Since the pressure of the liquid in the region a is the lowest, the liquid flows between the electrodes through the small hole 19b and flows out as a jet stream through the large hole 19a.

The perforated plate electrode 13 may be punched by punching, and the shape of the holes is not limited to a circular shape, and may be a short shape or an elliptical shape, but the holes to be formed adjacent to each other are at least different in size.
As for the equivalent diameter W of the small holes, the ratio S / W thereof is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 0.8 as in the above-mentioned embodiment.

Further, the distance from the surface electrode is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 5 mm.

Further, as the liquid for generating the jet flow, a liquid having electric conductivity of 10 ^-11 Ω ^-1 · m ^-1 or more such as Freon 113 can be effectively used.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the non-equidistant electrodes 13 in the jet generator of the present invention, in which holes having the same size are formed at different intervals so as to be paired. It is composed of a plate-shaped electrode 18 in which a pair of holes are substantially large holes. In this case, when a high voltage is applied, the two adjacent holes 20a act as a wide area W, and the pressure in this area becomes smaller than the pressure in the area S of the single hole 20b, so that it is different from the previous embodiment. Similarly, the liquid flows between the electrodes through the small-diameter hole 20b and flows out like a jet through the two adjacent holes 20a. There may be a boundary between these two holes, or the two holes may be connected.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the non-equidistant electrodes can be obtained simply by perforating the plate, so that the non-equidistant electrodes can be easily obtained at low cost.

Further, the plate-shaped punched electrode of the present invention has higher durability and does not deform during long-term use, as compared with the one using a wire rod, so that the reliability is improved.

According to the present invention, a jet flow can be generated in a liquid without a moving part, and therefore, the present invention can be applied to various fields.

For example, the present invention can be applied to a microgravity environment, that is, specifically applicable to a liquid running water generator, a pump, a heat exchange device in space.

In particular, the application to the heat exchanger is not limited to the above-mentioned micro-weight environment, but it is also applied to heat exchange devices such as high-performance heat exchangers on the ground, heat exchangers for power generation, and cooling devices for transformers. Boiling heat transfer can be promoted. In this case, it suffices to use the space between the surface electrodes as a heat transfer surface, and it can be easily applied to an existing device.

Further, in the case of boiling and evaporation heat exchange accompanied by the generation of bubbles, the jetting causes the liquid itself to be agitated and moved so that the bubbles attached to the surface electrode are separated, and the transfer effect at the surface electrode is greatly improved. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an unequal-spaced electrode composed of a plate electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a conventionally known jet. FIG. 4 is a sectional view for explaining the generator, FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an already proposed jet generator, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 18: Plate electrode material 19a: Large hole 19b: Small hole 20a: Two adjacent holes 20b: Single hole

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A device for generating a jet flow by applying a high voltage to a pair of electrodes, which are installed to face each other in a liquid with a predetermined gap, and the liquid receives a force due to the strength of an electric field generated in the liquid. Among the electrodes of, one electrode is a planar surface electrode, the other electrode is a perforated plate electrode perforated plate material,
A jet generator according to an electric field, characterized in that the perforated plate electrodes are formed as non-uniformly spaced electrodes by changing the size and spacing of the holes.