JPH0734806B2

JPH0734806B2 - External fixation device

Info

Publication number: JPH0734806B2
Application number: JP61285681A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 莞爾浅田; 典之石田
Original assignee: Kyocera Corp
Current assignee: Kyocera Corp
Priority date: 1986-11-28
Filing date: 1986-11-28
Publication date: 1995-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 2010-04-19
Also published as: JPS63139543A

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】（産業上の利用分野）本発明は人体における開放性あるいは複雑な骨折、偽関
節等を体外で固定し、骨折治療を行なうための創外固定
装置に関する。Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an external fixation device for fixing open or complex fractures, pseudo-joints, etc. in the human body outside the body to perform fracture treatment.

（従来の技術）古くから用いられてきたホフマン式創外固定装置が、比
較的長尺な折損骨の長手方向に沿って複数本、間隔おき
に突設したネイルを一直線状に整列状態に保持すること
の適性に稍々欠ける所から、本出願人は特開昭59−2035
51をもって、ネイルの位置、方向に多少のズレがあって
も無理矢理に方向を合致する必要のない創外固定装置を
提供した。即ち、このものはネイルを受ける部材として
半切ボールを適用することによって、ネイルの非直線的
不整列にもとづくネイルの突出方向の不揃い及びこの不
揃いにもとづくネイル受容位置の誤差をこの半切ボール
の回転とネイルに対する摺動によって吸収すると共に各
半切ボールを開閉自在なクランプで受支したこのクラン
プの多数を１本のねじ切りロッドによって連結固定する
にすいて、上記のネイルの不整列にもとづくクランプと
ロッドとの距離の誤差をこのクランプの体軸方向に摺動
性を与えることによって吸収し得るようにしたものであ
る。(Prior Art) A Hoffmann external fixation device that has been used for a long time holds a plurality of nails protruding at intervals along a longitudinal direction of a relatively long fractured bone in a linearly aligned state. The applicant of the present invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-2035
With 51, an external fixation device that does not need to be forced to match the direction even if the position and direction of the nail are slightly displaced is provided. That is, by applying a half-cut ball as a member for receiving the nail, the unevenness of the protruding direction of the nail due to the non-linear misalignment of the nail and the error of the nail receiving position based on this misalignment are caused by the rotation of the half-cut ball. A large number of these clamps, which are absorbed by sliding on the nail and each half-cut ball is supported by an openable / closable clamp, are connected and fixed by a single threaded rod. The error of the distance is absorbed by giving slidability in the body axis direction of the clamp.

（発明が解決しようとする問題点）上記先行技術に残されたなお改善されるべき問題点は本
発明をもって次のように位置付けられる。多数のクラン
プを折損骨の長手方向に沿ったねじ切りロッドにて連結
固定するに、ロッドの前後方向の傾動に関する調整及び
該ロッドの高さ調整がロッド及びクランプの材料的弾性
範囲に依存しており調整構造が不備されていなかったた
めに骨切損換部位によってはなおその調整機能が望まれ
ていた。更に好ましく改良されるべきはクランプとねじ
切りロッドとを該クランプの一双のクランプ片の前後に
於て一対のワッシャとナットによって締め付けねばなら
ず、これは部品点数が多くなること及び締付作業に手間
取ること更には締め付け力の不足にもとづく緩みの問題
もなお残されていた。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Problems to be improved which remain in the above-mentioned prior art are positioned as follows with the present invention. In connecting and fixing a large number of clamps with a threaded rod along the longitudinal direction of the fractured bone, the adjustment regarding the tilting of the rod in the longitudinal direction and the height adjustment of the rod depend on the material elastic range of the rod and the clamp. Since the adjusting structure was not defective, the adjusting function was still desired depending on the bone resection site. It should be further preferably improved that the clamp and the threaded rod have to be tightened by a pair of washers and nuts in front of and behind the one clamp piece of the clamp, which results in a large number of parts and a laborious tightening operation. Furthermore, the problem of loosening due to insufficient tightening force still remained.

本発明は上述の調整機能を更に不備した固定装置を提供
することを目的としている。望ましい実施例に於ては更
に多数個のボトル、ナットによる締め付け構造を廃止す
るような配慮も併せて採られている。It is an object of the present invention to provide a fixing device which is further deficient in the adjusting function described above. In the preferred embodiment, consideration is also given to eliminating the tightening structure using a large number of bottles and nuts.

（問題点を解決するための手段）上記目的達成の具体的構成を実施例対応図をもって説明
するに；第１図は本発明創外固定装置の一部開放状態の部分縦断
正面図、第２図は同部分縦断左側面図、第３図は同部分
縦断右側面図、第４図は第１図IV−IV線断面図、第５図
は同装置の部分分解斜視図で連結部材が全開放状態を示
し、第６図は本発明装置の全固定状態の使用時の斜視図
を示す。(Means for Solving Problems) A specific configuration for achieving the above object will be described with reference to an embodiment corresponding diagram; FIG. 1 is a partial vertical sectional front view of an external fixation device of the present invention in a partially opened state; The drawing shows a left side view of the same portion, FIG. 3 shows a right side view of the same portion, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 6 shows an open state, and FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the device of the present invention when it is used in a completely fixed state.

図に於て本発明固定装置は、折損骨（B1），（B2）に対
して一側方に張出状に間隔おきに植設された複数のネイ
ル（１）……と、各ネイル（１）……を串通保持した複
数のの半切ボール（２）……と、上記折損骨（B1），
（B2）の長手方向に沿って配設された１本の支持ロッド
（３）と、上記ネイル（１）……及びこの支持ロッド
（３）を前記一側方に沿って上下関係に保持連結した複
数個の連結部材（４）……とより成り、各連結部材
（４）は前記半切ボール（２）を上記長手方向より抱持
した第１クランプ部（41）及びこの直下に連結され上記
支持ロッド（３）を前記一側方より抱持した第２クラン
プ部（42）を夫々含み、上記第１クランプ部（41）は夫
々の半切ボール（２）を回転自在に受容固支すると共
に、各第２クランプ部（42）は各支持ロッド（３）をロ
ッドサドル（５）を介して高さ調整自在且つ支持ロッド
（３）の前後方向に傾動自在に受容保持した、ものであ
る。In the figure, the fixing device of the present invention comprises a plurality of nails (1), which are planted laterally on the fractured bones (B1) and (B2) at intervals so as to project, and each nail ( 1) A plurality of half-cut balls (2) holding skewers and the broken bone (B1),
One support rod (3) arranged along the longitudinal direction of (B2), the nail (1), ... and this support rod (3) are held and connected in a vertical relationship along the one side. A plurality of connecting members (4) ..., and each connecting member (4) is connected to the first clamp portion (41) holding the half-cut ball (2) in the longitudinal direction and directly below this. A second clamp portion (42) holding the support rod (3) from one side is included, and the first clamp portion (41) rotatably receives and supports the respective half-cut balls (2). The second clamp portions (42) receive and hold the support rods (3) via the rod saddles (5) so that their heights can be adjusted and the support rods (3) can be tilted in the front-rear direction.

（作用）以上の構成よりなる本発明創外固定装置の使用要領並び
に作用を説明するに、第６図のように骨折部位（BO）を
挟んで折損骨（B1），（B2）に対して一側方に於て複数
のネイル（１）……を間隔おきに概ね一直線状となるよ
うに突出状にねじ込み植設し、次に各ネイル（１）……
に半切ボール（２）をほゞ中央部に設けられた挿通孔
（21）……にそって夫々串通状に取付ける。半切ボール
（２）が切込み（22）によってネイル（１）挿通時に外
方に開いてその挿通を助ける。このネイル（１）を串通
した半切ボール（２）を次に開放状態の第１クランプ部
（41）の内部に上方より挿入する。この時一双のクラン
プ片（411）（412）内部の対向面には半球状のボール受
容面（413）（414）が凹設されているのでこの受容面に
よって半切ボール（２）を転動状に受容出来るから、今
ネイル（１）……の突出方向に不揃いがあっても上記の
転動により挿通孔（21）をそのネイル（１）の植設され
た方向に適合した回転角度に配向させることにより、半
切ボール（２）に対するそのネイル（１）の串通を適確
になし、もって半切ボール（２）をクランプ片（411）
（412）間に適切に受容することが出来ると共に、半切
ボール（２）をネイル（１）に対して相対摺動させるこ
とによりネイル（１）の受容位置の非直線的不揃いを是
正することも出来る。これに続いて落し錠杆（43）を相
手の受溝（44）内に落してナット（432）で適宜締め合
わせ半切ボール（２）のセットを終える。次に支持ロッ
ド（３）の第２クランプ部（42）直下対応位置に、左右
の突起（51），（51）を備えたロッドサドル（５）を騎
乗させて第２クランプ部（42）の左右のクランプ片（42
1）（422）内に下方より挿入し該突起（51），（51）を
クランプ片（421）（422）に透設した上下のスロット
（423）（424）内に夫々嵌挿して支持ロッド（３）のそ
の位置に於ける高さ調整及び該ロッド（３）の前後方向
の傾斜に対応する傾動調整を行なった后、落し錠杆（4
5）を受溝（46）内に落し入れてナット（452）によっ適
宜締めてロッドサドル（５）を含むロッド（３）を第２
クランプ部（42）に受容固定する。かくして各ネイル
（１）……はその張出方向（植設方向）に多少の誤差が
あっても第１クランプ部（41）内の半切ボール（２）の
転動によって半切ボール（２）によって適正に保持され
且つ半切ボール（２）のネイル（１）に対する相対摺動
によって半切ボール（２）の支持ロッド（３）に対する
直線状位置合せが可能となり更に支持ロッド（３）に対
する第２クランプ部（42）の高さ及び前後傾斜に対する
調整も実現可能となる。半切ボール（２）を含むネイル
（１）……及びロッドサドル（５）を含む支持ロッド
（３）を第1,第２クランプ部（41），（42）より離脱す
るには、夫々のナット（432）（452）を弛めて落し錠杆
（43），（45）を受溝（44），（46）より枢動により抜
き出せば良い。なお第５図の（413′）（414′）はボー
ル受容面（413）（414）に突設された小突起で、クラン
プ片（411）（412）の開脚状態下でボール（２）の転動
位置決めし続いてクランプ片（411）（412）を閉めた后
はこのボール（２）を回転不能に保持するためのもので
ある。この小突起（413′）（414′）は図面上、複雑さ
を避ける意から第１図、第６図に於ては省略してある。(Operation) In order to explain the usage procedure and operation of the external fixation device of the present invention having the above-described configuration, as shown in FIG. 6, the fracture site (BO) is sandwiched between the fractured bones (B1) and (B2). A plurality of nails (1) …… are screwed and planted on one side at intervals so as to form a substantially straight line, and then each nail (1) ……
Install the half-cut balls (2) in a skewer-like shape along the insertion holes (21) in the center. The half-cut ball (2) opens outward when the nail (1) is inserted by the notch (22) to help the insertion. The half-cut ball (2) through which the nail (1) is skewed is then inserted from above into the open first clamp portion (41). At this time, since hemispherical ball receiving surfaces (413) (414) are recessed in the opposing surfaces inside the pair of clamp pieces (411) (412), the half cut balls (2) are rolled by the receiving surfaces. Therefore, even if there is an irregularity in the protruding direction of the nail (1), the insertion hole (21) is oriented to the rotation angle suitable for the direction in which the nail (1) is planted by the above rolling. By doing so, the nail (1) is properly skewed with respect to the half-cut ball (2), so that the half-cut ball (2) is clamped (411).
(412) can be properly received, and the non-linear irregularity of the receiving position of the nail (1) can be corrected by sliding the half cut ball (2) relative to the nail (1). I can. Following this, the drop lock rod (43) is dropped into the receiving groove (44) of the opponent, and the nut (432) is appropriately tightened to complete the setting of the half cut ball (2). Next, the rod saddle (5) provided with the left and right protrusions (51) and (51) is mounted on the position corresponding to the position just below the second clamp part (42) of the support rod (3) to mount the rod clamp on the second clamp part (42). Left and right clamp pieces (42
1) The support rods are inserted into the inside of the (422) from below and the projections (51) and (51) are inserted into the upper and lower slots (423) and (424) provided through the clamp pieces (421) and (422) respectively. After adjusting the height of (3) at that position and the tilting adjustment corresponding to the tilt of the rod (3) in the front-rear direction, the locking lock rod (4
5) is dropped into the receiving groove (46) and is properly tightened with a nut (452) to attach the rod (3) including the rod saddle (5) to the second position.
Receiving and fixing to the clamp part (42). Thus, the nails (1) are rolled by the half-cut balls (2) due to the rolling of the half-cut balls (2) in the first clamp part (41) even if there is some error in the projecting direction (planting direction). Properly held and the relative sliding of the half-cut ball (2) with respect to the nail (1) enables linear alignment of the half-cut ball (2) with respect to the support rod (3), and further the second clamp part for the support rod (3). It is also possible to adjust the height of (42) and the longitudinal inclination. To remove the nail (1) including the half-cut ball (2) and the support rod (3) including the rod saddle (5) from the first and second clamp parts (41) and (42), the respective nuts are detached. (432) (452) may be loosened and dropped, and the locking rods (43), (45) may be pivotally pulled out from the receiving grooves (44), (46). In addition, (413 ') and (414') in FIG. 5 are small projections projectingly provided on the ball receiving surfaces (413) and (414), and when the clamp pieces (411) and (412) are open, the ball (2) This is for holding the ball (2) in a non-rotatable state after the rolling positioning and the closing of the clamp pieces (411) (412). The small protrusions (413 ') and (414') are omitted in FIGS. 1 and 6 in order to avoid complexity in the drawings.

（実施例）例図実施例に於ては第１クランプ部（41）及び第２クラ
ンプ部（42）のクランプ片（411）（412）及び（421）
（422）の開閉を枢支ピン（47），（48）によってなし
且つその閉成状態のロックを枢動落し錠杆（43），（4
5）〔及びナット（432）（452）〕によって実施する構
成を採った為に先行技術のように多数のナットやワッシ
ャを用いて第２クランプ部相応のクランプを支持ロッド
に取着するのに較べて、第２クランプ部（42）、第１ク
ランプ部（41）両者のクランプ開閉が遥かに楽になると
云うメリットが生まれる。また、支持ロッド（３）と第
２クランプ部（42）との高さ調整及び前後傾動調整をロ
ッドサドル（５）と上下スロット（423）（424）とをも
って実現した実施例に於ては、このロッドサドル（５）
のみが部品的に追加さえるにすぎないため、上記の２様
の調整が頗る簡単な構成によってなし得ると云うメリッ
トも得られる。なおロッドサドル（５）の内径はロッド
（３）の外径より稍々小に設計されロッドサドル（５）
をロッド（３）上に圧嵌着座させるものとしてあるため
該サドル（５）をロッド（３）に対して相対摺動させる
ことが出来るので第２クランプ部（42）との位置合せが
容易であるばかりではなく、このようなサドル（５）…
…を多数個準備しておくことにより連結部材（４）……
の増加にも一対一に対応出来る便利なものである。(Embodiment) In the illustrated embodiment, the clamp pieces (411) (412) and (421) of the first clamp part (41) and the second clamp part (42) are used.
(422) is opened and closed by pivot pins (47) and (48), and the lock in the closed state is pivoted down to lock rods (43) and (4).
5) Since the structure implemented by [and nuts (432) (452)] is adopted, it is possible to attach a clamp corresponding to the second clamp part to the support rod using a large number of nuts and washers as in the prior art. In comparison, there is a merit that the opening and closing of the clamps of both the second clamp part (42) and the first clamp part (41) becomes much easier. Further, in the embodiment in which the height adjustment and the longitudinal tilt adjustment of the support rod (3) and the second clamp part (42) are realized by the rod saddle (5) and the upper and lower slots (423) (424), This rod saddle (5)
Since only parts are added as parts, there is an advantage that the above two kinds of adjustments can be achieved by a very simple structure. The inner diameter of the rod saddle (5) is designed to be slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the rod (3).
The saddle (5) can be slid relative to the rod (3) because the seat is press-fitted and seated on the rod (3), so that the alignment with the second clamp part (42) is easy. Not only is there a saddle like this (5) ...
Connecting members (4) by preparing a large number of ...
It is a convenient one that can deal with the increase of 1 to 1.

（発明の効果）本発明は上述した所から既に理解されたように、折損骨
に対して一側方に張出状に隔設的に植設した複雑のネイ
ルを半切ボールに串通してこれら半切ボールを連結部材
を介して支持ロッドに概ね直線状に連結するタイプの先
行技術の延長線上にあるものの、第２クランプ部と支持
ロッドとを更に高さ調整自在且つロッドの前後の傾斜に
対して傾動調整自在に対応出来るために先行技術の適性
を更に増大することが可能と云う利益がある。更に望ま
しい実施例のように第1,第２クランプ部の開閉（そのロ
ックを含めて）を落し錠杆によって実施するようにすれ
ば連結部材と支持ロッドとの取付作業が簡略化され且つ
部品点数も少なくて済むと云う利益も付加される。(Effect of the invention) As has been already understood from the above, the present invention skews a complicated nail, which is planted in a protruding manner to one side with respect to a fractured bone, through a half-cut ball. Although it is on the extension line of the prior art of a type in which a half-cut ball is connected to a support rod in a substantially straight line via a connecting member, the second clamp part and the support rod can be further height-adjusted and the front and rear inclination of the rod can be improved. Therefore, there is an advantage that the suitability of the prior art can be further increased because the tilt can be adjusted freely. If the opening and closing (including the lock) of the first and second clamp portions are dropped and the locking rod is used as in the preferred embodiment, the work of attaching the connecting member and the support rod is simplified and the number of parts is increased. The benefit of being less expensive is also added.

[Brief description of drawings]

第１図は本発明創外固定装置の一部開放状態の部分縦断
正面図、第２図は同部分縦断左側面図、第３図は同部分
縦断右側面図、第４図は第１図IV−IV線断面図、第５図
は同装置の部分分解斜視図で連結部材が全開放状態を示
し、第６図は本発明装置の全固定状態の使用時の斜視図
を示す。（符号の説明） B1,B2……折損骨、１……ネイル、２……半切ボール、
３……支持ロット、４……連結部材、41……第１クラン
プ部、42……第２クランプ部、５……ロッドワッシャ。1 is a partially longitudinal front view of the external fixation device of the present invention in a partially opened state, FIG. 2 is a left side view of the same longitudinal section, FIG. 3 is a right side view of the same longitudinal section, and FIG. 4 is FIG. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV, Fig. 5 is a partially exploded perspective view of the same device, showing a fully opened state of the connecting member, and Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the device of the present invention when it is used in a fully fixed state. (Explanation of symbols) B1, B2 ... Broken bone, 1 ... Nail, 2 ... Half-cut ball,
3 ... Support lot, 4 ... Connecting member, 41 ... First clamp part, 42 ... Second clamp part, 5 ... Rod washer.

Claims

[Claims]

1. A plurality of nails, which are planted laterally on one side of the fractured bone at intervals, and a plurality of half-cut balls which hold each nail through a skewer, and along the longitudinal direction of the fractured bone. And a plurality of connecting members for holding and connecting the nail and the supporting rod in an up-and-down relationship along the one side, and each connecting member includes the half-cut ball described above. Each of the first clamp portions includes a first clamp portion that is held in the longitudinal direction and a second clamp portion that is connected directly below the support rod and that holds the support rod from the one side. Each of the first clamp portions is capable of rotating each half-cut ball. An external fixation device in which each second clamp portion receives and holds each support rod so as to be adjustable in height via a rod saddle and tiltable in the longitudinal direction of the support rod.

2. Clamp pieces of the first clamp section and the second clamp section are opened and closed by pivoting around a pivot pin pivotally mounted on the base side of these clamp pieces, and the closed state is clamped. 2. A fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the fixing device is maintained by a drop lock rod that is provided between the open ends of the pieces.

3. The fixing device according to claim 2, wherein the drop lock is a screw rod pivotally attached to either one of the clamp piece and the open end of the clamp piece, and a nut screwed on the top of each.