JPH0735310B2 - Reinforcing method for inorganic hydraulically hardened structure - Google Patents
Reinforcing method for inorganic hydraulically hardened structureInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0735310B2 JPH0735310B2 JP30663586A JP30663586A JPH0735310B2 JP H0735310 B2 JPH0735310 B2 JP H0735310B2 JP 30663586 A JP30663586 A JP 30663586A JP 30663586 A JP30663586 A JP 30663586A JP H0735310 B2 JPH0735310 B2 JP H0735310B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- monomer
- inorganic
- hydroxyl group
- body structure
- polymerization
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/48—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B41/4857—Other macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明はコンクリート構造物等の無機質水硬性硬化体
構造物に重合性モノマーを含浸させ、重合によりポリマ
ー層を形成する無機質水硬性硬化体構造物の補強方法に
関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to an inorganic hydraulic cured body structure for forming a polymer layer by impregnating a polymerizable monomer into an inorganic hydraulic cured body structure such as a concrete structure and polymerizing the same. It relates to a method of reinforcing an object.
セメント、コンクリートのような多孔質無機材料を基材
として用い、この中にモノマーを含浸させた後、重合な
どの操作を経て基材とポリマー層を一体化したポリマー
含浸コンクリートが提案されており、重合には蒸気、熱
風、赤外線ヒータなど適当な熱源を用いる加熱方式、お
よびγ線や電子線による放射線照射方式が知られている
（例えば特公昭51-24283号、特公昭59-25757号）。Cement, using a porous inorganic material such as concrete as a substrate, after impregnating a monomer into this, polymer-impregnated concrete in which the substrate and the polymer layer are integrated through an operation such as polymerization has been proposed, For the polymerization, a heating method using an appropriate heat source such as steam, hot air, or an infrared heater, and a radiation irradiation method using gamma rays or electron beams are known (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-24283 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-25757).
このようなポリマー含浸コンクリートの製造方法を無機
質水硬性硬化体構造物の補強方法として適用すると、モ
ノマーを含浸させて重合させることにより、コンクリー
トまたはモルタル表層に不透水性の層が形成されるた
め、その防水効果は長期にわたって持続し、しかも凍結
融解作用や摩耗に対して抵抗性が高い利点がある。この
場合、基材中にモノマーおよび触媒をできるだけ均一に
導入し、しかも蒸発などによる移動が起こらない条件下
で重合、硬化させることが重要である。When such a method for producing a polymer-impregnated concrete is applied as a method for reinforcing an inorganic hydraulic hardened body structure, by impregnating a monomer and polymerizing, a water-impermeable layer is formed on the concrete or mortar surface layer, Its waterproof effect lasts for a long time, and has the advantage that it is highly resistant to freeze-thaw action and abrasion. In this case, it is important to introduce the monomer and the catalyst into the base material as uniformly as possible and to polymerize and cure them under the condition that they do not move due to evaporation or the like.
上記のような無機質水硬性硬化体構造物の補強方法にお
いて、一番難しい工程は重合処理であり、モノマーの揮
散や流出を防止した重合条件が考慮されなければならな
い。In the method for reinforcing an inorganic hydraulically cured body structure as described above, the most difficult step is the polymerization treatment, and the polymerization conditions that prevent volatilization and outflow of the monomer must be considered.
しかるに従来は蒸気、熱風、赤外線ヒーターなどによる
加熱方式が主体であるため、熱効率が悪いとともに、含
浸モノマーの揮散が多く、重合転化率が悪いなどの問題
点があった。また放射線照射方式の場合は、設備費が高
く、取扱いが困難であるため実用的でないなどの問題点
があった。However, conventionally, since a heating method using steam, hot air, an infrared heater or the like is mainly used, there is a problem that the thermal efficiency is poor, the volatilization of the impregnated monomer is large, and the polymerization conversion rate is poor. In addition, the radiation irradiation method has a problem that it is not practical because the equipment cost is high and the handling is difficult.
本発明は上記問題点を解決するためのもので、特定のモ
ノマーと触媒を組み合せて含浸させ、マイクロ波を照射
することにより、簡単な装置と操作によって、モノマー
の揮散および流出を防止し、短時間に透水性が優れたポ
リマー被膜を形成することが可能な無機質水硬性硬化体
構造物の補強方法を提案することを目的としている。The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems. By impregnating a specific monomer and a catalyst in combination and irradiating with a microwave, the volatilization and outflow of the monomer can be prevented by a simple device and operation, It is an object of the present invention to propose a method for reinforcing an inorganic hydraulically cured body structure capable of forming a polymer film having excellent water permeability in time.
本発明は、無機質水硬性硬化体構造物に、水酸基を有す
る重合性モノマーおよびアゾビス系触媒を含浸させ、マ
イクロ液を照射して重合させることを特徴とする無機質
水硬性硬化体構造物の補強方法である。The present invention relates to a method for reinforcing an inorganic hydraulic cured body structure, which comprises impregnating an inorganic hydraulic cured body structure with a polymerizable monomer having a hydroxyl group and an azobis-based catalyst, and irradiating a micro liquid for polymerization. Is.
本発明において無機質水硬性硬化体構造物とは、コンク
リート、モルタル、シックイなど、セメントその他の無
機質水硬性硬化物質の硬化により形成された構造物であ
り、建造物のほか、道路、法面等の一般の構造物を含
む。In the present invention, the inorganic hydraulic hardened body structure, concrete, mortar, such as sui, is a structure formed by the hardening of the cement or other inorganic hydraulic hardened material, in addition to buildings, roads, slopes, etc. Includes common structures.
水酸基を有する重合性モノマーは、構造中に少なくとも
１個の水酸基を有し、加熱により重合可能なモノマーで
ある。このようなモノマーとしては、例えば2-ヒドロキ
シエチル（メタ）アクリレート、2-ヒドロキシプロピル
（メタ）アクリレート、N-ヒドロキシメチルアクリルア
ミド、アリルアルコール等のビニルモノマーがあり、１
種または２種以上が使用可能である。これらのモノマー
は水酸基を有するため揮散しにくく、マイクロ液とアゾ
ビス系触媒により、容易にかつ速やかに重合する性質が
ある。これはマイクロ液を照射した場合、水酸基を有す
るものがあれば吸収が速く、短時間で温度上昇が起こる
ためである。The polymerizable monomer having a hydroxyl group is a monomer that has at least one hydroxyl group in its structure and can be polymerized by heating. Examples of such a monomer include vinyl monomers such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, N-hydroxymethylacrylamide, and allyl alcohol.
One kind or two or more kinds can be used. Since these monomers have a hydroxyl group, they are difficult to volatilize and have the property of being easily and quickly polymerized by the micro liquid and the azobis catalyst. This is because when a micro liquid is irradiated, if it has a hydroxyl group, the absorption is fast and the temperature rises in a short time.
重合性モノマーは水酸基を有するモノマーのみを使用し
てもよいが、水酸基を有しない重合性モノマー、例えば
メチルメタアクリレート、スチレン、アクリロニトリ
ル、酢酸ビニル等の他のビニルモノマーと混合して使用
してもよい。この場合水酸基を有するモノマーは親水性
が強いので、浸水遮断のためには吸水性の低い疏水性モ
ノマーを用いて共重合させた方が好ましい。また水酸基
を有するモノマーのみでは粘性が高いため、含浸量が少
なくなるが、他のモノマーと混合すると粘性が低下し、
含浸量が多くなる。水酸基を有するモノマー：他のモノ
マーの配合割合は3:7〜10:0、好ましくは3:7〜7:3程度
が適当である。As the polymerizable monomer, only a monomer having a hydroxyl group may be used, but a polymerizable monomer having no hydroxyl group, for example, methylmethacrylate, styrene, acrylonitrile, or vinyl monomer such as vinyl acetate may be mixed and used. Good. In this case, since the monomer having a hydroxyl group has a strong hydrophilicity, it is preferable to use a hydrophobic monomer having a low water absorption for copolymerization in order to prevent water from entering. In addition, since the viscosity is high only with the monomer having a hydroxyl group, the amount of impregnation decreases, but when mixed with other monomers, the viscosity decreases,
The amount of impregnation increases. The mixing ratio of the monomer having a hydroxyl group to the other monomer is 3: 7 to 10: 0, preferably about 3: 7 to 7: 3.
本発明で使用する触媒は非水溶性のアゾビス系触媒で、
例えば2,2′‐アゾビス‐（2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリ
ル）、1,1′‐アゾビスシクロヘキサン‐1-カルボニト
リル、2,2′‐アゾビスイソブチロニトリルなどがあ
り、これらは１種または２種以上が使用できる。これら
の触媒の使用量は重合性モノマーに対して0.1〜５重量
％程度である。The catalyst used in the present invention is a water-insoluble azobis type catalyst,
Examples include 2,2'-azobis- (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 1,1'-azobiscyclohexane-1-carbonitrile, and 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile. One kind or two or more kinds can be used. The amount of these catalysts used is about 0.1 to 5% by weight based on the polymerizable monomer.
重合性モノマーおよびアゾビス系触媒は別々に無機質水
硬性硬化体構造物に含浸させてもよいが、両者を混合し
て含浸させると、両者を均一に含浸させることができる
ので好ましい。無機質水硬性硬化体構造物に対する含浸
は無機質水硬性硬化体構造物の全体に含浸させてもよい
が、無機質水硬性硬化体構造物の補強のためには無機質
水硬性硬化体構造物の表面のみに含浸させることができ
る。このような含浸の方法としては、吹付、刷毛塗り、
ロール塗り等による塗布あるいは浸漬などがあり、場合
によって加圧により含浸を促進することもできる。含浸
を行う前にマイクロ波の照射等により、無機質水硬性硬
化体構造物を乾燥させておくと、含浸が均一に行われる
ので好ましい。The polymerizable monomer and the azobis-based catalyst may be separately impregnated into the inorganic hydraulic hardened body structure, but it is preferable to mix and impregnate both because the both can be uniformly impregnated. The inorganic hydraulic cured body structure may be impregnated into the entire inorganic hydraulic cured body structure, but only the surface of the inorganic hydraulic cured body structure is used to reinforce the inorganic hydraulic cured body structure. Can be impregnated. Such impregnation methods include spraying, brush coating,
Application by roll coating or dipping is possible, and in some cases impregnation can be promoted by applying pressure. It is preferable to dry the inorganic hydraulically cured body structure by irradiation with microwaves or the like before the impregnation, because the impregnation is uniformly performed.
無機質水硬性硬化体構造物に重合性モノマーおよび触媒
を含浸させた後、重合させるためにマイクロ波を照射す
る。マイクロ波は周波数１〜300GHzのものが使用でき、
特に１〜30GHzが好ましい。マイクロ波の照射方法は導
波管の先端に設けた扇形ホーン、角錐ホーン、円錐ホー
ン等のホーンアンテナから無機質水硬性硬化体構造物に
含浸させた重合性モノマーに照射を行う。照射を行うマ
イクロ波の出力は100〜20×103W/m2、好ましくは１×10
3〜10×103W/m2程度である。The inorganic hydraulic cured product structure is impregnated with the polymerizable monomer and the catalyst, and then irradiated with microwaves for polymerization. Microwaves with a frequency of 1 to 300 GHz can be used,
Particularly, 1 to 30 GHz is preferable. The microwave irradiation method is to irradiate the polymerizable monomer impregnated in the inorganic hydraulic cured body structure from a horn antenna such as a fan horn, a pyramid horn, or a conical horn provided at the tip of the waveguide. The microwave power for irradiation is 100 to 20 × 10 3 W / m 2 , preferably 1 × 10
It is about 3 to 10 × 10 3 W / m 2 .
上記のようなマイクロ波をコンクリート等の無機質水硬
性硬化体構造物の表面に照射すると、無機質水硬性硬化
体構造物の表層部を効率良く、短時間で加熱できる。し
たがってモノマー含浸前に無機質水硬性硬化体構造物の
表層部を乾燥させる工程が短時間で能率良く実施でき
る。さらにモノマー含浸後にマイクロ波を照射すると、
モノマー含浸部のみを昇温でき、この場合マイクロ波を
均一に照射すれば、むらなく重合を行うことが可能であ
る。ここで水酸基を有する重合性モノマーおよびアゾビ
ス系触媒の存在下でマイクロ波の照射を行うと、短時間
で能率良く重合を行うことができる。重合のためのマイ
クロ波の照射時間は30〜60分程度である。When the surface of the inorganic hydraulic hardened body structure such as concrete is irradiated with the microwave as described above, the surface layer portion of the inorganic hydraulic hardened body structure can be efficiently heated in a short time. Therefore, the step of drying the surface layer portion of the inorganic hydraulically cured body structure before impregnating the monomer can be efficiently performed in a short time. Further irradiation with microwaves after monomer impregnation,
Only the monomer-impregnated part can be heated, and in this case, uniform irradiation with microwaves enables uniform polymerization. When microwave irradiation is performed in the presence of a polymerizable monomer having a hydroxyl group and an azobis-based catalyst, the polymerization can be efficiently performed in a short time. The microwave irradiation time for polymerization is about 30 to 60 minutes.
上記のマイクロ波の照射により、無機質水硬性硬化体構
造物に含浸させたモノマーは重合し、ポリマー層が形成
されて、無機質水硬性硬化体構造物が補強され、透水性
が低下する。この場合、水酸基を有する重合性モノマー
は揮散しにくいとともにマイクロ波の吸収が良く、他の
モノマーの場合よりも速く温度上昇して重合が起こる。
そしてアゾビス系触媒は他の触媒よりも水酸基を有する
重合性モノマーの重合を促進し、不透水性等の特性の優
れたポリマー層を形成する。By the microwave irradiation, the monomer with which the inorganic hydraulic hardened body structure is impregnated is polymerized, a polymer layer is formed, the inorganic hydraulic hardened body structure is reinforced, and the water permeability is lowered. In this case, the polymerizable monomer having a hydroxyl group does not easily volatilize and absorbs microwaves well, and the temperature rises faster than other monomers to cause polymerization.
The azobis-based catalyst accelerates the polymerization of the polymerizable monomer having a hydroxyl group as compared with other catalysts, and forms a polymer layer having excellent properties such as water impermeability.
本発明の無機質水硬性硬化体構造物の補強方法の適用分
野としては、例えば劣化状況にあるコンクリート構造物
の補修、腐食環境にあるコンクリート構造物の防護、表
面強度が増大することから道路等への適用などが一般的
であるが、他の無機質水硬性硬化体構造物の補強にも適
用可能である。The field of application of the method for reinforcing an inorganic hydraulically hardened material structure of the present invention includes, for example, repairing a concrete structure in a deteriorated state, protecting a concrete structure in a corrosive environment, and increasing the surface strength to a road or the like. Is generally applied, but it can also be applied to the reinforcement of other inorganic hydraulically hardened body structures.
本発明によれば、水酸基を有する重合性モノマーおよび
アゾビス系触媒を無機質水硬性硬化体構造物に含浸させ
てマイクロ波の照射により重合させるようにしたので、
モノマーの揮散が少なく、マイクロ波の吸収が良好で重
合が急速に行われ、簡単な装置と操作により短時間に効
率よく、特性の優れたポリマー層が形成できる効果があ
る。According to the present invention, the polymerizable monomer having a hydroxyl group and the azobis-based catalyst are impregnated in the inorganic hydraulically cured body structure and polymerized by irradiation with microwaves.
There is little volatilization of the monomer, good absorption of microwaves, rapid polymerization, and an effect that a polymer layer having excellent characteristics can be efficiently formed in a short time by a simple device and operation.
以下、本発明を実験例および実施例により説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to experimental examples and examples.
実験例 2-ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート（以下、2HEMAと記
す）とメチルメタクリレート（以下、MMAと記す）の混
合物50gに2,2′‐アゾビス‐（2,4-ジメチルバレロニト
リル）をモノマーに対して0.25重量％添加し、高周波出
力500W、発振周波数2.45GHzのマイクロ波を照射したと
きのモノマー減量を図面のグラフに示す。図面におい
て、横軸は時間、縦軸はモノマー減量（重量％）を示
し、グラフが横軸と平行になることによって重合が完了
したことを示している。Experimental Example 2,2'-azobis- (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) was added to a monomer of 0.25 in 50 g of a mixture of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (hereinafter referred to as 2HEMA) and methyl methacrylate (hereinafter referred to as MMA). The graph of the drawing shows the monomer weight loss when a microwave was added at a high frequency output of 500 W and an oscillating frequency of 2.45 GHz with the addition of weight%. In the drawing, the horizontal axis represents time, the vertical axis represents monomer weight loss (wt%), and the graph is parallel to the horizontal axis, indicating that the polymerization was completed.
図面の結果より、2HEMAが多いほどモノマーの揮散が少
なく、かつ重合時間も短く、重合が15分以内に完了して
いることがわかる。これに対してMMA単独の場合はモノ
マーの揮散が多く、重合時間も長いことがわかる。From the results in the figure, it can be seen that the more 2HEMA, the less the volatilization of the monomer, the shorter the polymerization time, and that the polymerization is completed within 15 minutes. On the other hand, when MMA is used alone, the amount of monomer volatilized and the polymerization time is long.
実施例 円柱状コンクリート（直径10cm、高さ10cm）を電子レン
ジに入れ、高周波出力500W、発振周波数2.45GHzのマイ
クロ波を４時間照射して乾燥させた後、その表面に表１
のモノマーおよび触媒の混合液を刷毛塗りにより、含浸
量が2kg/m2となるように塗布し、上記マイクロ波を所定
時間照射して重合させた。重合終了後、下記方法により
透水試験を行った結果を表１に示す。Example A cylindrical concrete (diameter: 10 cm, height: 10 cm) was placed in a microwave oven, irradiated with a microwave having a high-frequency output of 500 W and an oscillation frequency of 2.45 GHz for 4 hours and dried, and then the surface thereof was set to Table 1.
The mixed liquid of the monomer and the catalyst was applied by brush coating so that the impregnation amount was 2 kg / m 2, and the above microwave was irradiated for a predetermined time to polymerize. Table 1 shows the results of a water permeation test conducted by the following method after the completion of the polymerization.
透水試験法 JIS A 6910に準じて、供試体上部に透水試験器具をシリ
コーンシーリング材で接着する。20℃の恒温室で、水を
供試体の表面から高さ25cmまで入れ、24時間静置後の透
水量を求めた。Water permeability test method According to JIS A 6910, a water permeability test device is bonded to the upper part of the test piece with a silicone sealing material. Water was put in a thermostatic chamber at 20 ° C. up to a height of 25 cm from the surface of the specimen, and the amount of water permeation after standing for 24 hours was determined.
表１の結果より、水酸基を有する重合性モノマーとアゾ
ビス系触媒を使用することより、短時間で重合が行わ
れ、優れた不透水性が得られることがわかる。これに対
して比較例の水酸基を有しないモノマーのみを用いた場
合、およびアゾビス系以外の触媒を用いた場合は重合時
間を長くしても、不透水性が不十分であることがわか
る。 From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that by using the polymerizable monomer having a hydroxyl group and the azobis-based catalyst, the polymerization is performed in a short time and excellent water impermeability is obtained. On the other hand, when only the monomer having no hydroxyl group in Comparative Example is used and when a catalyst other than azobis type is used, it is found that the water impermeability is insufficient even if the polymerization time is lengthened.
図面は実験例の結果を示すグラフである。 The drawing is a graph showing the results of the experimental example.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特公 昭55−19916（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References Japanese Patent Publication Sho 55-19916 (JP, B2)
Claims (3)
する重合性モノマーおよびアゾビス系触媒を含浸させ、
マイクロ波を照射して重合させることを特徴とする無機
質水硬性硬化体構造物の補強方法。1. An inorganic hydraulically hardened structure is impregnated with a polymerizable monomer having a hydroxyl group and an azobis catalyst,
A method for reinforcing an inorganic hydraulically cured body structure, which comprises irradiating with microwaves to polymerize.
後含浸を行うようにした特許請求の範囲第１項記載の無
機質水硬性硬化体構造物の補強方法。2. The method for reinforcing an inorganic hydraulic hardened material structure according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic hydraulic hardened material structure is previously dried and then impregnated.
を有しないモノマーと混合して含浸させるようにした特
許請求の範囲第１項または第２項記載の無機質水硬性硬
化体構造物の補強方法。3. A method for reinforcing an inorganic hydraulic cured body structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a polymerizable monomer having a hydroxyl group is mixed with a monomer having no hydroxyl group and impregnated with the monomer. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30663586A JPH0735310B2 (en) | 1986-12-24 | 1986-12-24 | Reinforcing method for inorganic hydraulically hardened structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30663586A JPH0735310B2 (en) | 1986-12-24 | 1986-12-24 | Reinforcing method for inorganic hydraulically hardened structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63159273A JPS63159273A (en) | 1988-07-02 |
| JPH0735310B2 true JPH0735310B2 (en) | 1995-04-19 |
Family
ID=17959469
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30663586A Expired - Lifetime JPH0735310B2 (en) | 1986-12-24 | 1986-12-24 | Reinforcing method for inorganic hydraulically hardened structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0735310B2 (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5519916B2 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2014-06-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | CT system |
-
1986
- 1986-12-24 JP JP30663586A patent/JPH0735310B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5519916B2 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2014-06-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | CT system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63159273A (en) | 1988-07-02 |
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