JPH0735822B2 - Roller synchronous one-way clutch - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a one-way method for controlling relative rotation between an inner ring and an outer ring, which is used by being inserted between an inner ring and an outer ring that are relatively rotatably provided. More specifically, the present invention relates to a clutch, and more particularly, to a roller synchronous one-way clutch that uses a plurality of rollers and operates the rollers in a synchronized manner.

2. Description of the Related Art One-way clutches using rollers are known in the related art, and a typical structure thereof is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. First
As shown in the figure, the one-way clutch is used by being disposed between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 which are provided so as to be rotatable relative to each other, and the relative rotation between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 is used. Used to control the. In the case shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of cam surfaces 2a having a predetermined shape are formed in the shape of recesses on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 2, and the inside of the recesses is formed in each cam surface 2a. The roller 3 is movably arranged,
Each roller 3 is constantly urged in a predetermined direction by a spring 4. As shown in FIG. 1, the cam surface 2a is slightly inclined with respect to the radial direction. Therefore, when the roller 3 is pushed by the spring 4, the roller 3 is moved to the cam surface 2a of the inner ring and the outer ring 1.
It is pressed tightly against the inner surface of the. Therefore, rotation of the outer ring 1 in the left rotation direction is blocked with respect to the inner ring 2, but rotation of the outer ring 1 in the right rotation direction is allowed.

The circle A in FIG. 1 indicates that the spring 4 is the inner ring 2
It is housed in a hole drilled in the
Is a crowned type, and the one indicated by a circle B is a type using an accordion type spring. The one shown in FIG. 2 has the same structure as that shown in FIG. 1, but shows the case where the cam surface is formed on the outer ring side instead of the inner ring side. In the case of FIG. 2, the outer ring 1 is allowed to rotate in the left rotation direction relative to the inner ring 2, but the outer ring 1 is prevented from rotating in the right rotation direction.

The roller type one-way clutch as described above has a simple structure and can control the relative rotation between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2, but the parts such as the roller 3 and the spring 4 are not uniform. As a result, it is difficult to assemble, and it is also difficult to repair and handle it. Further, when the work of forming a hole in the outer ring 1 or the inner ring 2 is required, the processing is difficult and the manufacturing cost increases. Furthermore, in the assembled state, the rollers are operationally independent of each other, and variations in performance are likely to occur in the circumferential direction, which may result in unstable operation or lack of reliability.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the related art, is easy to assemble and handle, and is capable of operating all the rollers synchronously. An object of the present invention is to provide a roller synchronous one-way clutch that can withstand high load torque easily, has stable performance, and is highly reliable in operation.

Structure The present invention provides a roller-synchronized one-way clutch, which comprises a ring-shaped cage, a plurality of rollers arranged at a plurality of circumferential positions of the cage, the cage and the circle. A retainer provided on the cage so as to be relatively movable in the circumferential direction; and a biasing means for constantly biasing the retainer with respect to the retainer in a predetermined circumferential direction. It has a feature.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 3 shows a roller synchronous one-way clutch 10 constructed according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the present clutch 10 has a cage-and-roller type structure, and a cage formed by assembling a pair of ring-shaped halves 11 and 12, a plurality of rollers 13, and a cage. 11
And a locking member 15 provided to be movable in the circumferential direction with respect to 12
And a spring 14 disposed between the retainers 11 and 12 and the locking member 15. Ring-shaped cage assembly 11-
At a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction of 12, a pair of windows are provided on the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side, and rollers 13 arranged at the corresponding positions project to the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side, respectively. . In the illustrated example, the plurality of rollers 13 are arranged at a predetermined pitch and at equal angular intervals. The size of each window is set smaller than the maximum diameter of the roller 13, so that each roller 13 is rotatably supported at the corresponding position.

The retainer assembly 11-12 of the illustrated example is provided with a pair of locking members 15 and 15 at opposing positions.
5 and 15 are cage assemblies 11-12 over a predetermined circumferential distance.
It is provided so that it can be moved relatively. A spring 14 is arranged between each locking member 15 and a stopper 12d provided on the cage assembly 11-12, and always urges the locking member 15 in a predetermined circumferential direction. .

FIG. 4 shows a cross section in the direction I-I in FIG.
The cage assembly 11-12 has a substantially rectangular cross section, and a stopper 12d is provided in the cage assembly 11-12 so as to stand in the radial direction, and one end of the spring 14 serves as the stopper. It is shown in contact with 12d. FIG. 5 shows a cross section taken along line II-II in FIG. 3, showing a state in which the roller 13 is rotatably held by the cage assembly 11-12. As is apparent from FIG. 5, the roller 13 is held by the retainer first element 11 and the retainer second element 12 on the flat surfaces on both sides thereof, respectively. FIG. 6 shows a cross section taken along the line III-III in FIG.
And the second element 12 of the cage are shown in a state in which parts having U-shaped cross sections are engaged with each other and integrally assembled. In the portion shown in FIG. 6, the cage first element 11 and the cage second element 12 can be integrated with each other by, for example, welding or an adhesive. Figure 7a shows
The modification of the part of FIG. 6 is shown, and in this case, the retainer second element 12 is held by the retainer first element 11 and the tip portion is bent inward to be crimped. Is shown. FIG. 7b shows yet another circular example, in which case in the configuration of FIG.
The case where the upper part of the element 11 and the second element 12 of the cage is subjected to a caulking process to integrate the first element 11 of the cage and the second element 12 of the cage is shown.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the overall structure of the cage first element 11 used in the present roller synchronous one-way clutch 10 shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 9 is a side view thereof. is there. Further, FIG. 10 is a partial three-dimensional view showing a part of the first element 11 of the cage. As is clear from these drawings, the first cage
The element 11 includes a bottom portion 11a having a substantially ring shape, an inner diameter side wall 11b standing upright along the inner diameter side portion of the bottom portion 11a, and a bottom portion 11a.
And an outer diameter side wall 11c that stands upright along the outer diameter side. The bottom portion 11a, the inner diameter side wall 11b and the outer diameter side wall 11c constitute a channel having a substantially U-shaped cross section,
The inner diameter side wall 11b and the outer diameter side wall 11c are provided with bottom parts 11 at predetermined positions.
A plurality of notches 11b 'and 11c' are formed to reach a. Furthermore, shallow notches 11d, 11d are formed in the pair of outer diameter side walls 11c facing each other. As will become apparent later, this shallow notch 11d restricts the circumferential transfer range of the locking member 15. Further, as shown in FIG.
Are arranged at the positions of a pair of notches 11b 'and 11c' facing each other, and the outer diameter of the roller 14 is the outer diameter side wall 11c and the inner diameter side wall 1
It is larger than the width between it and 1b, so the roller 14 is held in its position.

FIG. 11 is a roller synchronous type one-way clutch shown in FIG.
It is a top view which shows the whole structure of the cage 2nd element 12 used for 10, FIG. 12 is its side view, and FIG. 13 is its partial cubic view. As is clear from FIG. 11, the retainer second element 12 also has a substantially ring-shaped bottom portion 12a and a bottom portion 1a.
It has an inner diameter side wall 12b standing upright from the inner diameter side of 2a and an outer diameter side wall 12c standing upright from the outer diameter side of the bottom 12a. The bottom portion 12a of the second retainer element 12 has an enlarged bottom portion 12a ', 12a' having an enlarged radial width at a pair of opposing portions thereof. The stopper 12d is formed by cutting out and bending the substantially central portion of each of the enlarged bottom portions 12a '. A stopper 12d formed by partially cutting and bending is shown in FIG. 14, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a partial view seen in the direction IV-IV in the figure. Expanded bottom 12
A pair of notches is engraved on the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side at the circumferential end of a '.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view as seen in the direction VV in FIG. 11, showing a pair of inner diameter side walls 1 from both ends of the bottom portion 12a of the retainer second element 12.
It is well understood that 2b and the outer diameter side wall 12c are erected. Each of the inner diameter side wall 12b and the outer diameter side wall 12c is provided with a pair of notches 12b 'and 12c' facing each other and reaching the bottom 12a. The inner side wall 12b of the retainer second element 12
The width between the outer diameter side wall 12c and the outer diameter side wall 12c is between the inner diameter side wall 11b and the outer diameter side wall 11c of the cage first element 11 and the second element 12 of the cage.
Is set to be inserted. Also, the second element of the cage
The width of the enlarged bottom portion 12a 'of 12 is set corresponding to the width between the inner diameter side wall 11b and the outer diameter side wall 11c of the first cage element 11. Therefore, the retainer first element 11 and the retainer second element 12
When they are aligned and assembled, a cage assembly 11-12 as shown in FIG. 3 is formed. The cage component 11 and
12 can be formed from a desired material such as metal or resin.

FIG. 16 is a roller synchronization type one-way clutch shown in FIG.
10 is a perspective view showing a locking member 15 used in FIG. 10, the locking member 15 functions as a spring receiver for receiving one end of the spring 14, and in the case of FIG. 3, a cage assembly 11-12. Has the function of integrating with the outer ring. 17a to 17c are a plan view, a front view, and a side view, respectively, of the locking member shown in FIG. As is clear from these figures, the locking member 15 has a substantially U-shaped main body.
15a and a protruding portion 15b protruding upward from the upper portion thereof. One end of the spring 14 is inserted into the U-shaped body 15a to function as a spring receiver. Body 15a
Are positioned within cavities within cage assemblies 11-12 and are movably retained circumferentially thereof. On the other hand, the protrusion 15b protrudes radially outward through the slot 11d of the cage assembly 11-12. Therefore, by inserting the protruding portion 15b into the holding hole formed in the outer ring 1, the cage assembly 11
It is possible to integrate -12 with the outer ring 1.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the locking member 15 described above, and FIGS. 19a to 19c show the locking member 15 of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a plan view, a front view, and a side view, respectively. The locking member 15 in this case also has a main body 15a having a substantially U shape, and a protruding portion 15b protruding upward from the upper portion of the main body 15a. However, this embodiment differs from the above-described embodiments in that the protrusion 15b is provided in the central portion of the main body 15a. FIG. 20 is a three-dimensional view showing a locking member 15 of still another embodiment. 21a to 21c are a plan view, a front view, and a side view, respectively, of the locking member 15 shown in FIG.
The locking member 15 in this case has substantially the same structure as that shown in FIG. 16, but has a U-shaped main body 15a and an integral roof portion 15c. With such a configuration, one end of the spring 14 is securely held in the U-shaped main body 15a, and the spring receiving characteristic is improved.

FIG. 22 is a locking member of the roller synchronous type one-way clutch 10.
It is a partial explanatory view showing a portion where 15 is provided. Also,
23 and 24 are explanatory views for explaining the operation of the locking member 15. As shown in FIG. 22, a notch 11d is formed in the tip of the outer diameter side wall 11c of the retainer first element 11, and the tip of the notch 11d corresponds to the enlarged bottom portion 12a ′ of the retainer second element 12. Abutting the inner surface, the notch 11d forms a slot. The slot has an elongated shape, and the projecting portion 15b of the locking member projects to the outside through the slot. Further, rollers 13, 13 are arranged on both sides of the outer diameter side wall 11c,
It projects to the outside from each window. FIG. 23a shows an internal configuration in which the outer diameter side wall 11c is removed from the configuration of FIG. As is clear from FIG. 23a, the cage second
A part of the enlarged bottom portion 12a 'of the element 12 is cut out and bent inward to form a stopper 12d, while an opening 12d' is formed in the enlarged bottom portion 12a '. A locking member 15 is movably disposed in a space inside the cage assembly 11-12 between the pair of rollers 13 and 13, and one end of the spring 14 is provided in the U-shaped main body 15a. Is stored,
The other end of the spring 14 is in contact with the stopper 12d. Therefore, the locking member 15 is always biased to the right in FIG. 23a, and is located at the retracted position where the protrusion 15b abuts the right end of the slot 11d. FIG. 23b is a front view corresponding to the configuration of FIG. 23a.

FIG. 24a shows a configuration corresponding to FIG. 23a, but the locking member 15 is moved to the left against the elastic force of the spring 15, and the protrusion 15b is brought into contact with the left end portion of the slot 11d. It shows a state in which it is located at the advancing position where it touches. In this way, the locking member 15
Is the cage assembly 11-12 partially extending along the circumferential direction of the cage assembly 11-12 over the longitudinal length of the slot 11d.
And is relatively movable. Incidentally, FIG. 24b is a front view corresponding to FIG. 24a.

FIG. 25 shows a state in which the roller-synchronized one-way clutch 10 is mounted between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2. In the case of the illustrated example, a cam surface 1a is provided on the outer ring 1 side. The outer ring 1 is further provided with two holding holes 1b, and the protrusions 15b of the pair of locking members 15 of the present clutch 10 are respectively inserted therein.
Therefore, the clutch 10 is integrated with the outer ring 1 in the rotational direction, and in this sense, the clutch 10 is fixed to the outer ring 1. Each roller 13 of the clutch 10 is attached to the outer ring 1.
Inclination cam surface 1a is engraved corresponding to each cam surface 1a
Is tapered toward the inner diameter side in the leftward rotation direction. Further, in this case, since the inner ring 2 rotates relative to the clutch 10 and the outer ring 1, the inner peripheral surface 18 of the cage assembly 11-12 of the clutch 10 is used as a bearing. When the inner peripheral surface 18 of the cage assembly 11-12 is provided with a bearing function as described above, it is sufficient to provide the inner peripheral surface 18 with a proper lubricating gap, but the bearing function is further enhanced. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 26, a layer 11e made of a material having bearing capacity may be formed on the outer surface of the first element 11 of the cage. Such a bearing layer 1
1e can be formed by depositing a bimetal material by surface treatment or the like.
It is possible to form the entire element 11 with such a bearing material, or it is also possible to form a specific bearing material only at a predetermined portion of the first cage element 11.

In this example, when the inner ring 2 is rotated leftward with respect to the outer ring 1, the rotation is blocked, but when the inner ring 2 is rotated rightward with respect to the outer ring 1, that rotation is prevented. Rotation is allowed, and thus the clutch 10 functions to transmit rotation in only one direction between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2.
In this case, in this clutch 10, all rollers 13
Are held by the cage assembly 11-12, and the cage assembly 11-12 is integrated with the outer ring 1 via the protrusion 15b, so that the movement of all rollers is synchronized (so-called). It is possible to realize a full fading), and thus a uniform clutch operation in the circumferential direction, which operation is stable and smooth. The clutch operation of this clutch will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 27a and 27b.

FIG. 27a corresponds to FIG. 25, and the retainer assembly 11-12 is located at the leftmost limit position with respect to the outer ring 1 by the elastic force of the spring 14 (that is, the locking member 15). Protruding part
15b is located in the retracted position where it abuts the right end of the slot). In this state, all the rollers 13 are located on the tapered tip side of the cam surface 1a, and are pressed between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 via the cam surface 1a. Therefore,
In this state, as shown in FIG. 25, if the inner ring 2 does not rotate to the left with respect to the outer ring 1, the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 1
And are integrated in the direction of rotation via roller 13,
The rotational driving force is transmitted to the outer ring 1 via the roller 13, and the outer ring 1 also rotates leftward at the same time.

By the way, as described above, when the retainer first element 11 and the retainer second element 12 are assembled, the retainer first element 11 and the retainer second element 12 are integrated by caulking and the like, and the roller 13 is also integrally retained at each predetermined position. . Therefore, the cage assembly 11-12 is
Are integrated in a form integrated with each other, and are extremely convenient to handle, and are particularly advantageous particularly when they are assembled between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 or for repair and inspection. Further, the locking member 15 (a pair in the illustrated example) is also incorporated in the cage assembly 11-12, but the locking member 15 is incorporated movably in the circumferential direction over a predetermined range, and The spring 14 keeps the state always biased in a predetermined direction. Therefore, when such a one-way clutch 10 as described above is mounted between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 as shown in FIG. 25, the locking member 15 is fixed to the outer ring 1, so that the spring 14 The cage assembly 11-12 is displaced by a predetermined distance in the leftward rotation direction by the elastic force of, and all the rollers 13 are pushed into the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2.

However, when the inner ring 2 rotates in the right rotation direction with respect to the outer ring 1, the cage assembly 11-12 slightly moves in the left rotation direction against the elastic force of the spring 14, and as a result, all of the cage assembly 11-12 moves. The rollers 13 simultaneously move synchronously in the right rotation direction. In this case, since each roller 13 moves toward the enlarged portion of the inclined cam surface 1a, it tends to separate from the cam surface 1a and the outer ring 1, and the restrained state between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 is released. The inner ring 2 freely rotates in the right rotation direction with respect to the outer ring 1. FIG. 27b shows the cage assembly 11-12 moved to the maximum in the rightward rotation direction, in which state the protrusion 15b is in the advanced position where it contacts the left end of the slot. As described above, in the present clutch 10, the roller 13 moves in the same manner with respect to the cam surface 1a in any state. This means that the roller 13 shows the same meshing under any load condition, and this action is what is called full fading in the one-way clutch.

Effects As described in detail above, according to the present invention, since each component is integrated, it is easy to handle, and in particular, assembling,
Easy to disassemble. Since the cage assembly moves integrally with the rollers, the one-way clutch can be synchronized.
High load torque can be tolerated, uniform operation and improved performance. Since there are no complicated parts and handling is easy, the cost of the spring is reduced (shape and quantity), and the one-way clutch is also inexpensive. Since the spring does not directly press the roller, wear and deformation of the spring,
Less damage, longer spring fatigue and life, and improved overall durability of the one-way clutch.
Further, since the spring can be easily set, the drag torque can be easily set. From this, it is possible to select the drag torque that is most suitable for the usage conditions, and it is possible to improve the reliability of the one-way clutch. Further, at least one of the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the cage assembly can be made to function as a bearing surface, and the need for providing a separate bearing can be excluded.

The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention should not be limited to these specific examples, and various modifications can be made without departing from the technical scope of the present invention. Of course, it is possible. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the cam surface is provided on the outer ring side, but it is also possible to apply it to the one having the cam surface on the inner ring side, and the number and shape of the locking members may be changed. The springs are not limited to coil springs, and other arbitrary elements can be used as long as they are elastic members having elasticity such as rubber.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 and 2 are explanatory views showing a conventional typical roller type one-way clutch, and FIG. 3 is an overall view of a roller synchronous type one-way clutch constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 to 6 are cross-sectional views taken along line I-I, line II-II and line III-III in FIG. 3, FIG. 7a and FIG. FIG. 7b is a sectional view showing a modified example of FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the overall constitution of the first element 11 of the retainer used in FIG. 3, and FIG. 9 is a retainer. A side view of the first element 11, FIG. 10 is a partial three-dimensional view of the retainer first element 11, and FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of the retainer second element 12 used in FIG. , Fig. 12 shows cage 2
A side view of the element 12, FIG. 13 is a partial three-dimensional view of the second element 12 of the retainer, and FIGS. 14 and 15 are IV-VI line and VV in FIG.
Respective cross-sectional views taken along the lines, FIGS. 16 and 17a to 17c, 18 and 19a to 19c, 20 and 21a to 21c show various types of locking members 15. Each explanatory view showing the embodiment, FIG. 22 and 23a and 23b and 24a and 24b are explanatory views showing the relative operation relationship between the cage assembly and the locking member, FIG. 25 is a schematic view showing a state in which the present clutch 10 is assembled between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2, FIG. 26 is a partial explanatory view showing a modification thereof, and FIGS. 27a and 27b are the present clutch. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram useful for explaining the operation of FIG. (Explanation of symbols) 10: Roller synchronous one-way clutch 11: Cage first element 12: Cage second element 13: Roller 14: Spring 15: Locking member

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A ring-shaped cage, a plurality of rollers arranged at a plurality of circumferential locations of the cage, and a cage movably in the circumferential direction relative to the cage. A roller-synchronous one-way clutch, comprising: provided locking means and urging means for constantly urging the locking means in a predetermined circumferential direction with respect to the cage. 2. The holder according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of pairs of windows are provided at predetermined positions in the circumferential direction of the cage, and each pair of windows has the same radial direction of the cage. A roller synchronization type one-way clutch, which is provided on an inner diameter side and an outer diameter side. 3. The diameter of each of the rollers is larger than the width between the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side of the retainer, and each of the rollers has an inner diameter side and an outer diameter side of the retainer. A roller-synchronous one-way clutch, characterized in that it projects from an outer diameter side wall to an inner diameter side and an outer diameter side, respectively. 4. The cage according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cage is formed by combining half halves each having a substantially U-shaped cross section. A roller-synchronous one-way clutch characterized in that 5. The locking means according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the locking means has a protrusion protruding radially from an inner diameter side or an outer diameter side of the cage. A roller-synchronized one-way clutch that is characterized by 6. The urging means according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the urging means has a spring, and the spring is formed in the locking means and the retainer. A roller-synchronous one-way clutch, which is arranged between the stopper and the stopper.