JPH074077B2 - Magnetic levitation device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a magnetic levitation device.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an example of a repulsive magnetic levitation mechanism used in a vehicle linear motor disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-12805.

In the figure, reference numeral (1) is a ground coil that is a fixed-side magnetic field generator, (2) is an on-board coil that is a floating magnetic field generator, and (3) is an iron or the like that supports the ground coil (1). A fixed part made of a soft magnetic material, (4) is a vehicle which is an air bearing part to which an on-vehicle coil is attached.

Next, the operation of the above conventional example will be described.

As is well known, the conventional induction repulsion type magnetic levitation mechanism generates a magnetic field in a direction antiparallel to the opposing ground coil (1) and on-vehicle coil (2), and thereby the magnetic repulsion force is generated. Is used to obtain levitation force.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Since the conventional magnetic levitation mechanism is configured as described above, in order to obtain a large levitation force, it is necessary to supply a large amount of power to both opposing coils. Had.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to obtain a large levitation force without requiring a large amount of power consumption.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In the magnetic levitation device according to the present invention, one of the opposing fixed side of the electromagnet or the like and the levitation side magnetic field generation device is constituted by a superconductor, and the other magnetic field generation device is arranged at intervals from each other and alternates the magnetic pole direction. The magnetic field generating magnetic poles are composed of a plurality of magnetic field generating magnetic poles which are arranged in a straight line, and the average pitch l _{1 of the} magnetic field generating magnetic poles and the length l ₂ of the magnetic field generating device made of a superconductor have a relationship of approximately 1. It is configured to be

[Action]

In the magnetic levitation device according to the present invention, one of the magnetic field generators is composed of a superconductor held at a critical temperature or lower, so that the magnetic levitation device levitates by the repulsive force due to the Meissner effect, and accordingly, the magnetic field generation to the superconductor. Essentially does not require a power supply for the Since the directions are alternately changed, the gradient of the magnetic flux density in the gap with the magnetic field generating device made of a superconductor can be kept large, and thus the buoyancy force exerted on the superconductor by the Meissner effect can be effectively obtained.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings showing an embodiment thereof.

Further, the fixed portion (3) and the floating portion (4) are the same as or equivalent to those shown by the same reference numerals in the conventional device.

In FIG. 1A, reference numeral (11) is an levitation magnetic field generator constituted by a Y-Ba-Cu-O-based oxide superconductor (for example, width 50 mm × thickness 1 mm), and (12) is For example, Nd-Fe-
The fixed magnetic field generating magnetic poles (12) are fixed magnetic field generating magnetic poles, which are B magnetic permanent magnets (5 mm square), and the fixed magnetic field generating magnetic poles (12) are linearly arranged at intervals. Further, the fixed side magnetic field generating magnetic pole (12) is installed so that the magnetization direction is the direction perpendicular to the fixed surface, that is, the Z direction in FIG. 1B, and the magnetic poles are S poles and N poles alternately. Directed to appear. The fixed magnetic field generating magnetic pole array is also provided in the Y direction.

Also, the average pitch l ₁ of the magnetic field generating magnetic pole (12) on the fixed side and the length of the magnetic field generating device (11) composed of a superconductor.
relationship with l ₂ I am trying.

Here, when the fixed magnetic field generating magnetic poles (12) adjacent to each other are in contact with each other, a part of the magnetic flux lines directly enter the magnets and repel (fly) the levitation magnetic field generator (11). Will not be used for. That is, in order to levitate the levitation magnetic field generator (11), the magnetic flux lines must be in the air. On the other hand, in the device of this embodiment, since the fixed-side magnetic field generating magnetic poles (12) are arranged at a distance from each other, the magnetic flux can be effectively used, and the levitation-side magnetic field generating device (11) is levitated efficiently. To be made.

In the magnetic levitation experiment of this device, the space between the permanent magnets (12) was used as a parameter, and the levitation magnetic field generator (11) composed of the above-mentioned superconductor cooled to below the critical temperature of the superconductor was quietly magnetized from above. (12) Put it on the line,
The flying height was measured.

The results are shown by black circles in FIG. Also, in the figure,
The white circles indicate the flying height (h in FIG. 1A) when the directions of the magnetic poles are uniform.

As is clear from the figure, there is an optimum value for the magnetic pole spacing, At that time, a maximum flying height of 8 mm was obtained.

In a device that obtains high buoyancy by utilizing the Meissner effect of a superconductor, it is effective that the external magnetic field has a high magnetic flux density and a large magnetic flux density gradient.

Further, regarding the stability of the levitation force, it is necessary that the gap between the magnetic field generating magnetic poles has an appropriate size with respect to the size of the superconductor of the magnetic field generating device.

The essence of the present invention is to invent an arrangement in which the magnetic field generating magnetic pole (12) row is effectively obtained with respect to the superconductor of the levitation magnetic field generator (11) based on the above-mentioned idea. is there.

The use of the Nd-Fe-B system permanent magnet is based on the fact that it consumes no electric power compared to the normal conducting magnet and the superconducting magnet, and has the maximum magnetic flux density at the operating point among the permanent magnets.

In addition, the use of Y-Ba-Cu-O system superconductors has a stable critical temperature above the liquid nitrogen temperature among existing superconductors. It is easier and cheaper than using the body.

Although the magnetic field generating magnetic poles on the fixed side, that is, the permanent magnet (12) row is fixed in the above embodiment, the magnetic pole spacing is Alternatively, the flying height may be adjustable by changing the direction and interval of the magnetic poles with time, which is clear from FIG.

Further, a magnetic field generating magnetic pole may be provided on the levitation side, and a magnetic field generating device composed of a superconductor may be provided on the fixed side.
The upper part may be fixed and the lower part may be movable.

Furthermore, the superconductor is not limited to the Y-Ba-Cu-O system, but may be any superconductor, and may be a cryogenic temperature, a high temperature, or a room temperature superconductor. In any case, the same effect as above can be obtained.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, one of the fixed side and the floating side magnetic field generator is configured by a superconductor,
Since the interval and the direction of the other magnetic field generating magnetic pole are specified as described above with respect to the length of the superconductor, the levitation force due to the Meissner effect can be made effective and the levitation magnetic field generator can be efficiently levitated. The magnetic levitation device capable of achieving the above is obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the configuration of a magnetic levitation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the levitation amount of a fixed magnetic field generating magnetic pole of FIG. 1 with respect to a pitch, and FIG. 3 is a conventional magnetic levitation. It is a structure explanatory view of a device. (3) ... fixed part, (4) ... levitation part, (11) ... floating side magnetic field generator (magnetic field generator composed of superconductor), (12) ... fixed side magnetic field generator ( Fixed side magnetic field generating magnetic pole, permanent magnet). In each figure, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. One of a fixed side magnetic field generator and a floating side magnetic field generator provided opposite to each other is composed of a superconductor, and the other is spaced from each other and alternately changes the direction of magnetic poles. It is composed of a plurality of magnetic field generating magnetic poles arranged linearly, and the relationship between the average pitch l _{1 of the} magnetic field generating magnetic poles and the length l ₂ of the magnetic field generating device composed of a superconductor. about And a magnetic levitation device.