JPH0741529B2 - Shape processing method and device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Outline] A shape processing method and apparatus, in which a tool having an abrasive substance integrally fixed to an inner surface of a base metal having a conical inner surface shape is rotated about its central axis, A workpiece rotating around a longitudinal axis intersecting with this axis is brought into contact with the workpiece to provide a working liquid, which enables highly accurate and efficient spherical processing of the tip of the workpiece. Become.

[Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a shape processing method and apparatus, for example, a shape processing method and apparatus for a workpiece that requires processing of a rod lens of an optical component, a connector end surface, and the like into a concave curved surface shape.

At present, end faces of indenters and pivot shafts that are generally used in various factory applications are formed into convex spherical curved surfaces. In particular, the shapes of the end surfaces of the special lens and the connector as optical parts must be processed into a highly accurate and high-quality convex curved surface.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as a shape processing apparatus for obtaining such a convex curved surface, there is one as shown in FIG. In this shape processing apparatus, an arc-shaped groove 13 having a constant curvature in cross section is formed in the center of the upper side surface of the polishing dish 11. A work surface 19 of a work piece 17 held by a rotating body 15 is pressed against the polishing dish 11 for processing.

Here, the rotating body 15 is connected to a rotary drive source (not shown) by a belt 21, and the surface to be processed 19 of the workpiece 17 rotates by being given a rotational force in the direction of arrow a. In addition, the rotating body 15 relative to the polishing dish 11,
The arcuate groove 13 is reciprocated in the longitudinal direction (indicated by an arrow b). In this way, the work 17 is driven laterally and rotationally. Furthermore, between the polishing dish 11 and the workpiece 17,
Processing is continued by continuously supplying a processing agent (not shown). As a result, the processing surface 19 of the processing object 17 is processed into a spherical shape.

In addition, there is a spherical surface machining device for a rod as a workpiece as shown in FIG. This is the same in principle as that shown in FIG. In the figure, a surface 33 of a surface plate 31 is formed into a predetermined curved surface shape, and a workpiece 35 (for example,
The central axis intersection point of the ferrule of the optical connector having a through hole through which the optical fiber passes is aligned with the spherical center of the surface 33 of the surface plate 31.

Surface 33 so that the surface plate 31 is aligned with the rotation axis 34
The center of the spherical surface is rotated and the holder 37 swings (in the direction indicated by the arrow d) while rotating the tip surface of the workpiece 35 along the surface 33 of the surface plate 31. The so-called "gripping" movement is performed, and the working liquid containing diamond fine particles is supplied from the nozzle-like member 39 to the surface 33 of the surface plate 31 to perform the polishing. As a result, the end surface of the workpiece 3 was spherically processed.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in such a conventional spherical surface processing apparatus, it is necessary to manufacture the polishing plate 11 and the surface plate 31 to be the spherical polishing plate to be the master by another dedicated device. In addition, as it is used, it changes from the initial shape due to wear over time, so the processed spherical surface also differs. Even if you correct such a different processed spherical surface,
It was necessary to remove the polishing dish 11 or the platen 31 from the processing apparatus once and perform the processing again with another dedicated correction apparatus. Therefore, the removal work and another dedicated correction device are required, and the correction also requires a high level of skill. Therefore, in the spherical surface processing method, there is a problem that the apparatus becomes large-scaled and that it takes a lot of time and labor.

Further, particularly in the conventional example shown in FIG.
When attaching multiple workpieces 35 such as optical connectors to, the end faces of all workpieces 35 (ferrules) should be uniform.
It was necessary to assemble so as to contact the surface 33 of the surface plate 31. Since this was done manually, the work efficiency was extremely poor. In addition, there is a disadvantage that at least two dummies must be mounted even if only one is processed.

Further, since the swinging motion form of the holder 37 is complicated as described above, it is extremely difficult to speed up the motion, and the surface plate 31 serving as the polishing dish has a soft metal such as tin. Therefore, the processing pressure and the peripheral speed were limited. Therefore, it has been pointed out that the processing efficiency cannot be increased and the processing time becomes extremely long.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and provides a shape processing method and apparatus capable of performing spherical shape processing with high accuracy and high efficiency by a simple configuration. Has an aim.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve such an object, in the shape machining apparatus according to the present invention, a tool in which an abrasive substance is integrally fixed to the inner surface of a base metal having a conical inner surface shape, and the tool with its central axis A means for rotating as a center, and a work piece arranged so that an extension line in a longitudinal direction thereof perpendicular to a generatrix of the tool intersects with an extension line of a rotation axis of the tool,
The workpiece comprises means for rotating the workpiece about its central axis in the longitudinal direction and abutting against the tool, and means for applying a working liquid to the contact portion between the tool and the workpiece. It is configured to grind a work piece.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, in the shape processing method according to the present invention, a grindstone tool in which an abrasive substance is integrally fixed to the inner surface of a base metal having a conical inner surface shape is rotated about its central axis. Then, the work piece is arranged such that the extension line in the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the whetstone tool and the generatrix and the extension line in the longitudinal direction intersects the extension line of the rotation axis of the whetstone tool, and the work piece is While rotating about the central axis and abutting on the grindstone tool, the workpiece is ground and pre-processed by giving a working fluid to the contact portion between the grindstone tool and the workpiece, and a cone A polymer resin film tool in which a polymer resin film is integrally fixed to the inner surface of another base metal having an inner surface shape is rotated about its central axis, and is perpendicular to the generatrix of the polymer resin film tool. The extension line in the longitudinal direction is the above The preprocessed work piece is arranged so as to intersect the extension line of the rotation axis of the child resin film tool, and the work piece is rotated about the central axis in the longitudinal direction and the polymer resin film tool is used. And a machining liquid is applied to a contact portion between the polymer resin film tool and the workpiece to polish and finish the workpiece.

[Work]

In the shape processing apparatus according to the present invention, a tool in which an abrasive substance is integrally fixed to an inner surface of a base metal having a conical inner surface shape is rotated about its central axis, and a tool in a longitudinal direction intersecting with the axis is rotated. A workpiece which rotates around an axis is brought into contact with the workpiece to supply a machining liquid to shape the workpiece.

Further, in the shape processing method according to the present invention, first, a grindstone tool in which an abrasive substance is integrally fixed to the inner surface of a base metal having a conical inner surface shape is rotated about its central axis,
A workpiece that rotates around an axis in the longitudinal direction that intersects this axis is brought into contact with the workpiece, and a working fluid is supplied to pre-process the workpiece. Then, a polymer resin film tool in which a polymer resin film is integrally fixed to the inner surface of another base metal having a conical inner surface shape is rotated about its central axis, and a pre-processed work piece is It is rotated about the central axis in the longitudinal direction, brought into contact with the polymer resin film tool to give a working fluid, and finishing is performed.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

I. First Embodiment (I-i) Configuration FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the shape processing apparatus in the first embodiment of the present invention. Here, the base metal 41 having a conical inner surface shape is
The center of the tip is attached to the tip of the spindle 47. The spindle 47 is rotated by a rotary drive source (not shown) about a tool rotary shaft 51 (which coincides with the center of the spindle 47) (shown in the direction of arrow f).

The inner wall of the base metal 41 is integrally formed in a tapered shape that forms a cross-sectional angle θ with respect to a surface that is perpendicular to the tool rotation axis 51, and has a shape that widens toward the open end side. A grindstone tool 43 having a constant thickness and a constant width is provided on the circumference of the inner wall of the base metal 41. That is, the grindstone tool 43 is shaped like a mortar.

The workpiece 45, which is a target for shape processing, is a sample rod. The tip of the work piece 45 is brought into contact with the grindstone tool 43 so that the longitudinal direction of the work piece 45 is at right angles to the wall surface (busbar) of the grindstone tool 43 formed at the angle θ. It The workpiece 45 is also rotated around the workpiece rotating shaft 53. An extension line of the workpiece rotating shaft 53 intersects with the tool rotating shaft 51.
Further, the workpiece 45 is linearly reciprocated in the lateral direction (indicated by the arrow e) along the surface of the grindstone tool 43 during machining.

Further, a machining fluid supply nozzle 49 is passed through a central through hole of the spindle 47, and the machining fluid is sprayed from the tip end portion thereof. However, the machining liquid supply nozzle 49 does not rotate.

(I-ii) Operation In the first embodiment configured as described above, the base metal 41 is rotated about the tool rotation shaft 51 when machining is performed. The number depends on the size of the grindstone tool 43. For example, the average relative rotational speed of the grindstone tool 43 is selected so as to be constant between 1000 and 3000 m / min. Further, since the rotation speed of the workpiece 45 is for uniformly processing the front surface of the tip, it is several to several hundred r.
It is a constant speed of about pm. At the time of processing, the processing liquid is jetted from the hole at the tip of the processing liquid supply nozzle 49. Workpiece
The means for applying 45 to the grindstone tool 43 may be a forced cutting method or a pressure method.

When a workpiece 45, which is a starting sample having a flat end surface, is arranged with respect to a grindstone tool 43 formed in a streak shape at a predetermined angle θ, the workpiece 45 is a point on the outer periphery of the workpiece 45 at an initial stage. The machining starts from the outer peripheral portion of the workpiece 45 by making contact with each other. Then, the processing portion also extends to the inner peripheral portion, the processing progresses by the line contact, and finally the end surface of the workpiece 45 is processed into a convex shape that follows the generatrix of the grinding wheel tool 43 in the shape of a serpentine. .
Therefore, the work piece rotation axis 53 of the work piece 45 is
Since it is set so as to be orthogonal to the molding surface and intersect with the tool rotation axis 51, the shape processing of the tip of the workpiece 45 becomes uniform.

Here, the grindstone tool 43 may select an abrasive grain, a particle size, and a binder according to a desired processing quality (for example, roughness) of the material rod. If such a movement form is adopted, the workpiece 45 is uniformly hit, so that the shape modification of the grindstone tool 43 becomes unnecessary.

By the way, since the shape of the grindstone tool 43 is almost transferred to the workpiece 45 side, the dimensional difference Δ between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the workpiece 45 is
x is approximately given by Δx≈ [R− (R ² −r ² ) ^1/2 ] × sin θ (0 <θ <90 °). Here, R is the average radius of the grindstone tool 43, and r is the radius of the workpiece 45.

In this way, when the grindstone tool 43 shaped like a streak is rotated inside the base metal 41 and the predetermined angle θ with respect to the normal line of the tool rotation axis 51 is 0 <θ <90 ° With respect to, the tip surface of the workpiece 45 is uniformly processed.

II. Second Embodiment A second embodiment is shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and (B). Here, the difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is that a ring-shaped base metal 61 having both ends opened and having a constant thickness is used, and a grindstone tool 63 is formed on the inner surface thereof. That is, it is equal to the case where the predetermined angle θ in the first embodiment is 90 °. Also in this example, the workpiece rotating shaft 53 of the workpiece 45 is orthogonal to the forming surface of the grindstone tool 63. However, the spindle 47, the machining liquid supply nozzle 49, etc. are omitted since they are the same as those in FIG.

Also in the second embodiment, the motion form at the time of machining is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment. The method of bringing the workpiece 45 into contact with the grindstone tool 63 may be either a forced cutting method or a pressure method. Again, the work piece
At the time of machining 45, the grindstone tool 63 is rotated about the rotation axis 51, the workpiece 45 is rotated with respect to the rotation axis 53, and the reciprocating motion is performed along the surface of the grindstone tool 63. is there.

The inner surface of the grindstone tool 63 having a radius R is used for shape processing, and the end surface shape of the workpiece 45 is transferred to a spherical shape having a radius R.

The spherical shape for processing the end surface of the workpiece 45 is uniquely determined by the second embodiment in which θ = 90 °.
Therefore, in order to obtain any desired spherical shape, it is necessary to constrain the value of the radius R of the grindstone tool 63, and from that point, the configuration of the processing apparatus is limited. Therefore, it is suitable when the radius R of the grindstone tool 63 is relatively large.

III. Third Embodiment The configuration of the shape processing apparatus according to the third embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. As the third embodiment,
Instead of the grindstone tool 43, a polishing tool made of hard plastic is used, and as the processing liquid sprayed from the processing liquid supply nozzle 49, a processing agent in which fine particles are suspended is used. As a result, when the spherical surface of the work piece 45 is finished, a mirror-finished surface having no or very few work-affected layers is possible.

A polymer resin having a hardness of 80 or more is suitable for a tool for polishing with a hard plastic. Further, if the apparent hardness is increased, a thin film of a desired polymer resin may be formed on the surface of the base metal 41.

On the other hand, as a processing agent, a suspension containing fine oxides such as SiO ₂ , Cr ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₂ O ₃ , and TiO ₂ (using water or a chemical solution as a solvent) is used.

In the case of the third embodiment, a pressurizing method is desirable as a method for applying the workpiece 45.

IV. Fourth Example As in the case of the third example, the processing conditions of the tool and the like are determined, and the configuration of the second example shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B is obtained.

V. Fifth Embodiment With the machining according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 as a pre-machining stage, the machining according to the above-mentioned third embodiment or fourth embodiment is finished. It may be processed.

FIG. 3 shows an apparatus configuration to which both such pre-processing and finishing processing parts are applied. That is, after being processed by the pre-processing unit 71 by the processing device using the grindstone tool 43 (grinding tool 63), the workpiece 45 is cleaned by the cleaning unit 73. Next, finish processing is performed in the finish processing section 75 by a processing apparatus using a tool and suspension made of polymer resin, and another cleaning section 77 performs cleaning again.

V. Summary of Examples In this way, as the grindstone tool 43 (or the grindstone tool 63), the inner side of the edge or ring having a predetermined angle θ is used, and the object to be processed is modeled according to the surface shape of the tool. It is transferred to the tip of 45 and the tip is processed into a convex shape.

Further, by using a tool formed of a polymer resin and suspending fine abrasive grains in a processing agent, a shape processing apparatus suitable for finishing can be obtained.

Furthermore, if pre-processing is performed with a processing device that applies a grindstone as a tool and finishing is performed with a processing device that applies a processing agent in which polymer resin and fine abrasive grains are suspended, the finishing process will be highly efficient and highly accurate. High quality machining can be easily realized with a simple motion form.

Further, since the grindstone tool 43 (the grindstone tool 63) is uniformly worn, there is almost no need to correct it.

Therefore, with a simple tool, the plane accuracy of the surface for polishing the workpiece is increased, and the rod-shaped end surface of the ferrule or the like of the optical fiber connector can be shaped into a convex spherical surface with extremely high precision.

VI. Note It should be noted that, in the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the case where the rod-shaped end surface of the ferrule or the like of the optical fiber connector is ground into a convex spherical surface and processed into a shape has been described. Of course, it is not limited and can be applied to various shape processing.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, a simple and easy-to-form tool is rotated about its central axis, and a workpiece that rotates about a longitudinal axis intersecting this axis is brought into contact. By performing the machining of the tip of the object to be machined following the surface of the tool shape, highly accurate and highly efficient spherical machining can be realized, which is extremely useful in practice.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing the configuration of a shape processing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic sectional views showing the configuration of a shape processing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a side sectional view and a side view, FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing an overall schematic configuration of a shape processing apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a conventional shape processing apparatus, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing another conventional shape processing device. In the figure, 11 is a polishing dish, 13 is a circular groove, 15 is a rotating body, 17, 35 is a workpiece, 19 is a surface to be processed, 31 is a surface plate, 33 is a surface, 37 is a holder, 39 is a nozzle. -Shaped members, 41 and 61 are base metals, 43 and 63 are grindstone tools, 45 is a work piece, 47 is a spindle, 49 is a machining liquid supply nozzle, 51 is a tool rotation axis, 53 is a work piece rotation axis, 71, 75 is a processing section, and 73 and 77 are cleaning sections.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kazuo Matsunaga 3-9-11 Midoricho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo Inside Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation Electronic Engineering Research Laboratory (56) Reference JP-A-60-221256 (JP, A) ) JP-A-55-115009 (JP, A) JP-A-56-139872 (JP, A)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A tool in which an abrasive substance is integrally fixed to an inner surface of a base metal having a conical inner surface shape, means for rotating the tool about its central axis, and a tool perpendicular to a generatrix of the tool. And a work piece arranged so that its extension in the longitudinal direction intersects with the extension of the rotation axis of the tool, and the work is rotated about its central axis and abuts on the tool. A shape processing apparatus comprising: a means for causing the tool and a means for applying a working liquid to a contact portion between the tool and the workpiece, and the apparatus is configured to grind the workpiece. 2. The shape processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the polishing substance is a polymer resin film, and the processing liquid is a suspension of fine oxide particles. 3. A grindstone tool in which a polishing substance is integrally fixed to the inner surface of a base metal having a conical inner surface shape is rotated about its central axis, and is perpendicular to the generatrices of the grindstone tool, and its longitudinal direction. The work piece is arranged so that the extension line of the work piece intersects with the extension line of the rotation axis of the grindstone tool, and the work piece is rotated about the central axis in the longitudinal direction thereof and brought into contact with the grindstone tool, The work piece is ground and pre-processed by applying a working liquid to the contact portion between the grindstone tool and the work piece, and a polymer resin film is formed on the inner surface of another base metal having a conical inner surface shape. The polymer resin film tool integrally fixed with is rotated about its central axis, and the extension line in the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the generatrix of the polymer resin film tool is the rotation axis of the polymer resin film tool. Pre-processed to intersect the extension line of Only the work piece is placed, the work piece is rotated about the central axis in the longitudinal direction thereof and brought into contact with the polymer resin film tool, and the molecular resin film tool and the work piece are brought into contact with each other. A shape processing method, characterized in that the workpiece is ground and finished by applying a processing liquid to the portion.