JPH0742734B2 - Automatic horizontal displacement control mechanism for buildings - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention mainly aims to minimize deformation and twist due to horizontal displacement that occur in a structure when an external force such as an earthquake or wind acts, and the structure is unique to the structure. The present invention relates to a horizontal displacement automatic control mechanism for a building that can shorten the cycle.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as a method of reducing the deformation of a building against an earthquake, a method of making the frame structure of the building tenacious to absorb seismic energy by the deformation of the frame, or arranging earthquake resistant walls in a well-balanced manner Then, the method of reducing the deformation by the sham of this seismic wall is common.

Recently, there are known seismic isolation structures that reduce the earthquake input by changing the natural period of the building, and damping structures that attenuate the earthquake input by incorporating some device into the building. However, none of these are satisfactory because they are difficult to carry out or the deformation of the building cannot be sufficiently suppressed against external force.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be implemented relatively easily, and the deformation and twist due to horizontal displacement of the building can be sufficiently reduced mainly against external force such as earthquake and wind, and the natural period of the building is also shortened. The objective is to construct a new horizontal displacement suppression mechanism for buildings so that it can be done.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

As a result of various studies by the present inventor, the vertical frame of the tension imparting material is vertically unbonded with the lower end fixed inside the vertical frame at a plurality of positions of the vertical frame such as a pillar or a wall for maintaining the structure of the building. The present invention has been made by discovering that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by mounting an elastic body or an actuator on the protruding portion from above to the pre-stressed state by the pressure applied to the vertical frame.

Hereinafter, a horizontal displacement control mechanism for a building according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing an example of a horizontal displacement control mechanism of a building according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 respectively show a specific part A in FIG. Enlarged view of the fifth example
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the control action, FIG. 6 is an enlarged explanatory view of the protruding portion on the assumption that the protruding portion is horizontally displaced without changing its length, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged explanatory view of the protruding portion of FIG. Is.

The horizontal displacement automatic control mechanism for a building according to the present invention has a plurality of vertical frames such as columns and walls for maintaining the structure of the building,
The tension applying material is installed in the following state. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the tension applying material 1 is vertically unbonded at a plurality of locations (two locations in the example in the figure) of the vertical frame with the lower end 1a fixed in the vertical frame. The upper part of 1 projects upward from the upper end of the vertical frame 2, and pre-stress is applied to the vertical frame by the elastic force of the compressed elastic body 4 which is further compressibly mounted on this projecting part. It is in

In the present invention, the tension-imparting material 1 is not only a material conforming to JIS G 3536 "PC steel wire and PC steel stranded wire" and JIS G 3109 "PC steel bar" but also having a quality equal to or higher than those. If it is good.

The vertical frame is often composed of a plurality of columns 2 and / or walls 3 as shown in FIG. 1. In this case, the tension applying material 1 is generally installed in the columns 2, but a wall without columns is provided. In the case of a structural building, it is installed in the wall 3.

The elastic body 4 is mounted on the projecting portion at the upper end of the tension applying material 1, and in the mounted state, the elastic force acts on the vertical frame without prestressing the vertical frame in a state where the vertical frame is not displaced in the horizontal direction. Therefore, it is already compressed in this state, and the control action does not occur unless the structure can be further compressed when the building is horizontally displaced as described later. There are various kinds of elastic bodies 4, and for example, a coil spring 4'as shown in FIG. 2 and a rubber body 4 "as shown in FIG. 3 are shown. As shown in FIG. 3, the elastic member 4 may be externally inserted into the projecting portion of the tension applying member 1 in a state of being sandwiched by the washers 5 and tightened with the nut 6.

In the present invention, instead of the elastic body 4, the displacement and / or load of the upper end of the vertical frame as shown in FIG. 4 is detected by the sensor and / or the load cell 7a, and the applied pressure is automatically reduced so as to reduce the displacement. The actuator 7 controlled in accordance with the above may be attached to the protruding portion of the tension applying material 1. In this case, it is preferable to install the two tension applying members 1 as one set as shown in the figure, because the actuator 7 can be easily attached.

In the state where the tension applying material 1 is fixed to the lower end in the vertical frame and installed in the unbonded state, generally, a sheath (sheath) provided in the vertical frame (all are not shown in the figure)
A tension applying material 1 is prestressed and installed therein, and an unbonded member (all not shown in the figure) having an appropriate degree of flexibility is enclosed in the sheath for rust prevention. Therefore, the expansion and contraction of the vertical frame is not directly affected by the tension applying material 1 installed in the unbonded state in the vertical frame, and the elastic force of the elastic body 4 or the actuator 7 provided on the protruding portion thereof. Or, it is affected by the applied pressure.

Where to place the plurality of places where the tension applying material 1 is installed as described above depends on the shape of the whole building, the pillar 2, the wall 3
The operation described below is determined so as to work effectively in accordance with the configuration such as the arrangement of.

[Action]

As shown in FIG. 1, each of the columns 2 and 2'of the vertical frame composed of the wall 3 and the two columns 2 and 2'which are adjacent to each other across the wall 3 is provided with the tensioning members 1 and 1'as described above. The horizontal displacement automatic control operation in the case where the external force acts horizontally along the surface between the columns 2 and 2 ', that is, the surface of the wall 3 will be described by taking the installed horizontal displacement automatic control mechanism as an example.

The control principle of the automatic horizontal displacement control mechanism for a building according to the present invention is such that when an external force is applied to the building in the horizontal direction, the building is displaced in the vertical direction. Displacement and twisting are made small so that the deformation of the building is kept as small as possible and the natural period of the building is shortened.

Considering the normal state without horizontal displacement,
As shown in FIG. 1, each of the columns 2 and 2 ′ of the vertical frame is evenly pressed by the elastic body 4 attached to the protruding portion of the tension applying material 1 and contracted by δ ₁ to be in the prestressed state. is there. When a horizontal external force (horizontal force) F acts on it,
The upper part of the vertical frame is displaced horizontally to different degrees. That is, the upper end of one pillar 2 is displaced upward, the upper end of the other pillar 2'is displaced downward, and the building is deformed. Such a deformation can be relatively indicated by the displacement in the horizontal direction as the displacement only in the upper portion, as shown in FIG.

Even if the upper ends of the columns 2 and 2'are vertically displaced as described above, the length l of the protruding portion of the tension applying members 1 and 1'does not change as shown in FIG. Assuming that the pressure applied to the vertical frame by the column 2 does not change between the columns 2 and 2 ', the vertical displacement of the upper ends of the columns 2 and 2'may be different from the elastic body 4 due to the pressure. It appears without any influence, and in column 2, it is displaced upward by δ ₂ ′ and is in a tensioned state.
Also it becomes compressed state displaced downward by pillars 2 'in [delta] _3'. The displacements δ ₂ ′ and δ ₃ ′ are generally almost equal.

However, in the present invention, the tension applying material 1, 1 ′ to which the elastic body 4 is attached has the lower end fixed and the column 2,
Since it is installed in the 2 ', as shown in Fig. 7, the columns 2, 2'
Even if each upper end of the above is displaced in the vertical direction, the upper end of the tension imparting material 1 is hardly displaced. Therefore, on the tension side of the column 2, the upper end of the column 2 tends to be displaced upward, whereas the protruding portion of the tension applying material 1 becomes short, and the elastic body 4 is further compressed to apply a pressure to the column 2. It elevated the displacement amount [delta] _{2 'let} kept small [delta] ₂ is more, also the pillar 2''to the upper end of attempts to displace downwardly, tensioning member 1' pillar 2 is the compression side of the protrusion of the As the portion becomes longer, the compressibility of the elastic body 4 is lowered to weaken the pressure applied to the column 2 ', and the displacement amount thereof is limited to δ ₃ which is smaller than δ ₃ '. Thus, keeping the vertical displacements δ ₂ and δ ₃ of the upper ends of the columns 2 and 2 ′ small means that the horizontal displacement is reduced accordingly, and accordingly the deformation of the building The twist can be reduced. The ability to reduce the deformation and twist of the building in this way has the same effect as increasing the rigidity of the building, so the response of the building to horizontal force can be reduced. It exerts the action of shortening the natural period of the building. Even if the actuator 7 is used in place of the elastic body 4, the above-described action is achieved by the sensor and / or the load cell 7a having the pillars
Since the actuator 7 automatically controls the pressure so as to detect the 2'displacement and / or the load and reduce the displacement, it works in the same manner as when the elastic body 4 is used.

How to select an important elastic force as the physical property of the elastic body 4 is based on the following concept. That is, as the force involved in the displacement of the upper end of the vertical frame, the downward pressure force of the elastic body 4 on the tension side of the column 2 ↓ P ₁ (the arrow indicates the action direction of the force, the same applies hereinafter), The downward axial force ↓ P ₂ due to the weight and the upward tensile force ↑ P ₃ due to the horizontal force F, so that the sum of these, that is, ↓ P ₁ + ↓ P ₂ + ↑ P ₃ is as small as possible, that is, column 2 ↓ P _1, that is, the pressing force of the elastic body 4 is selected so that the displacement δ _{2 of} is small. Since the compression side of the pillar 2 'is the force P ₃ in the acting downwardly over the force P ₁ acts _{downward, ↓ P 1 + ↓ P 2} + ↓ but unable to P ₃ to zero, as the Since the compression force is weakened by making the protruding portion of the tension imparting material 1'longer, it is possible to carry out a sufficiently effective control in practical use. Therefore, the elastic force of the elastic body 4 is selected on the basis of the tension side, and the configuration of each building, such as the weight of the building, serves as a selection material.

In order to prevent the tension applying material 1 from being excessively tensioned and extending beyond the yield point (proof strength) when the vertical frame is in a tensioned state, the elastic material 4 yields the tension applying material 1. A material having a yield load equal to or lower than the load may be used. When the actuator 7 is used in place of the elastic body 4, the sensor and / or the load cell 7a are connected to the columns 2, 2 '.
This can be dealt with by setting the operation to be opened when it is sensed that the displacement and / or the load has exceeded a predetermined amount. Thereby, the tension applying material 1 is prevented from being broken, and when the elastic body 4 is used, only the elastic body 4 is replaced, and when the actuator 7 is used, the control action is continued for a long time. You can

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above in detail, the horizontal displacement control mechanism for a building according to the present invention has a structure in which the lower end is fixed at a plurality of points in the vertical frame of the building and vertically protruded from the vertical frame of the tensioning material installed in the unbonded direction. By providing an elastic body or an actuator in the part that is pre-stressed by the pressure applied to the vertical frame, horizontal deformation is caused by an external force and the structure is deformed when the structure is deformed. Since the increase and decrease of the above-mentioned pressurizing force occur in opposite directions on the tension side and the compression side of the vertical frame so as to reduce the twist, the horizontal displacement can be automatically controlled to reduce the deformation, and The fact that the deformation and twist of the building can be reduced in this way has the same effect as the rigidity of the building is increased. The response is shortened and the natural period of the building is shortened.This shortening of the natural period can be easily done by the amount of prestress applied to the tension material even after the building is completed. It also has the advantage of being adjustable. And, it is easy to install such a control mechanism, and the present invention is very important for contributing to the construction field.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing an example of a horizontal displacement control mechanism of a building according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 respectively show a specific part A in FIG. Enlarged view of the fifth example
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the control action, FIG. 6 is an enlarged explanatory view of the protruding portion when it is assumed that the protruding portion is horizontally displaced without changing, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged explanatory view of the protruding portion of FIG. Is. In the drawing 1,1 ′ …… Tensioning material 1a …… Lower end 2,2 ′ …… Column 3 …… Wall 4 …… Elastic body 4 ′ …… Coil spring 4 ″ …… Rubber body 5 …… Washer 6 …… Nut 7 ...... Actuator 7a ...... Load cell δ ₁ ...... Reduction of elastic body under normal pressure δ ₂ , δ ₃ ...... Vertical displacement lengths δ ₂ ′, δ ₃ ′ ... Assuming that horizontal displacement causes the lengths of the tensioning material projections on the tension side and compression side of the vertical frame to be the same as before displacement. Vertical displacement length of

Claims (3)

[Claims] Claim: What is claimed is: 1. An automatic control mechanism for reducing deformation caused by a horizontal displacement having a difference between an upper portion and a lower portion of a building when an external force is applied. An elastic body in which the tension applying material (1) is fixed to the lower end (1a) in the vertical frame and installed unbonded in the vertical direction, and is further compressibly attached to a protruding portion protruding upward from the upper end of the vertical frame. A horizontal displacement automatic control mechanism for a building, characterized in that the tension applying material (1) is prestressed by the elastic force of (4). 2. A material having a yield load equal to or lower than the yield load of the tension applying material (1) is used as the elastic body (4).
Automatic horizontal displacement control mechanism for the building described in. 3. The elastic body (4) is replaced by an activator (7) for automatically controlling pressure on the frame by sensing displacement and / or load at the upper end of the frame. Automatic horizontal displacement control mechanism for the described building.