JPH0743240B2 - Electronic delay electric detonator blaster - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a blasting device for blasting a plurality of electronic delay electric detonators connected in series, and particularly to a delay time for detonation of an electronic delay electric detonator. The aim is to improve accuracy and ensure that all units are detonated.

"Prior Art" The electronic delay electric detonator referred to here is known from JP-A-54-43454, JP-A-57-142498 and JP-A-58-83200. As described above, it is an electric detonator that can delay the ignition time by providing an ignition energy storage capacitor and an electronic circuit consisting of an electronic delay circuit and a switch element in its case. The electric charge is discharged to the ignition resistance wire of the electric detonator through the switch element after a delay time determined by the electronic delay circuit, thereby heating the ignition resistance wire and detonating the detonator section. is there.

A conventional electronic delay electric detonator blaster is disclosed in JP-A-60-2217.
As is known in the publication No. 00, a charging circuit that charges a blasting capacitor with blasting energy, a capacitor voltage dividing circuit that divides the voltage charged in the blasting capacitor, and a capacitor voltage dividing circuit It consists of a changeover switch that switches the voltage dividing point and connects to the output terminal, and switches according to the number of connected delayed electric detonators so that the necessary electric energy can be supplied to the delayed electric detonator of the blasting circuit at the time of blasting. Switch the switch. A discharge resistor is connected in parallel with each divided capacitor of the capacitor voltage dividing circuit.

That is, the energy charged in the blasting capacitor is divided by the capacitor voltage dividing circuit and output, and according to the number of electronic delay electric detonators connected to the output terminals by switching the output number setting changeover switch, Only the energy required for detonation was output, and the surplus energy was consumed through the discharge resistor.

"Problems to be solved by the invention" In an electronic delay electric detonator, the voltage range applied to the ignition energy storage capacitor is set, and when a voltage exceeding this voltage range is applied, the set delay time is obtained. However, there is a risk of malfunction, and there is a risk of non-fire if it falls below the range.

There are the following problems when detonating an electronic delay electric detonator using a conventional electronic delay electric detonator blaster.

To improve the delay time accuracy of electronic delay electric detonators,
As described above, it is necessary to reduce the setting range of the voltage applied to the ignition energy storage capacitor and apply the voltage within this range. In order to make this possible with the conventional electronic delay electric detonator blaster, the voltage division number of the capacitor voltage divider circuit is increased, and the voltage charged in the blasting capacitor is applied to each electronic delay electric detonator It is necessary to be able to divide the voltage to within the set accuracy range.

Therefore, if the number of electronic delay electric detonators to which the blast voltage is applied increases, the required number of voltage divisions of the capacitor voltage dividing circuit increases accordingly.

If the oscillator has a capacitor voltage dividing circuit with a large number of voltage divisions, it becomes structurally large, and if the capacitor voltage dividing circuit is provided as an external circuit and is connected by an adapter, handling work becomes troublesome.

Further, since the changeover switch of the capacitor voltage dividing circuit is manual, the output voltage is not the target due to an erroneous operation, and there is a risk that the electronic delay electric detonator malfunctions or fails to fire.

An object of the present invention is to blast a plurality of electronic delay electric detonators connected in series, by automatically applying a voltage in an optimum range to each unit, improving the delay time accuracy, and avoiding the risk of misfire. An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic delay electric detonator blaster that is easy to handle in the field and is lightweight and compact.

"Means for Solving the Problems" In order to solve such problems, in the present invention, a low voltage battery is used as a power source and a high voltage is obtained by a DC / DC converter,
In the electric blaster that charges the blasting capacitor, the number of connections of the blasting electronic delay electric detonator is measured, and the blasting capacitor is charged by the means for storing the measured number as the blasting load number. And a means for controlling the charging voltage of the blasting capacitor so that the blastable number becomes equal to the blasting load number.

Regarding the means to measure the number of connections of the electronic delay electric detonator to blast, and to store this number as the blast loading number,
For example, it has a constant current source inside the blasting device, and it sends a certain minute current that is extremely safe against the blasting current to the series-connected electronic delay electric detonator that blasts from the output terminal. The voltage drop due to the input resistance is captured as an analog value, and the number of connections is counted by setting the conversion rate in the process of converting this into a digital value, and this is stored in the electronic memory as the blast loading number.

Regarding the means to measure the voltage charged in the blasting capacitor by the DC / DC converter as the blastable number, for example, similar to the loading number measurement, the charging voltage by the DC / DC converter is divided and captured as an analog value. The number of electronic delay electric detonators that can normally detonate is counted by setting the conversion rate in the process of converting to a digital value.

Regarding the means for controlling the charging voltage of the blasting capacitor so that the blast load number and the blastable number become equal, for example, the stored value of the blast load number and the measured value of the blastable number are compared until both are equal. Charge the blasting capacitor,
It has a comparison circuit with a switch that can stop charging when they become equal. Further, this comparison circuit has a function of restarting the charging when the charging voltage is lowered by the natural discharge of the blasting capacitor.

[Working] With this configuration, the number of connected electronic delay electric detonators that blast is measured, this is stored as the blast loading number, and the blast output voltage corresponding to this stored value is automatically set. It is possible to prevent human error in making these settings, obtain a highly accurate blast voltage output, improve the delay time accuracy of an electronic delay electric detonator, and contribute to eliminating a non-detonator. Further, by displaying the measured number of loaded blasts, it is possible to determine whether or not there is an abnormality in the connection blast of the electronic delay electric detonator.

"Embodiment" FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. The configuration will be described below while explaining its operation. When the control power switch 11 is turned on, the low-voltage battery 12 is connected to the power terminals of each part other than the DC / DC converter 13 and each part becomes operable. As the low voltage battery 12, for example, four UM-1 alkaline dry batteries are used in series. In addition to this, a low-resistance manganese dry battery or the like can be used as the low-voltage battery. Also, terminal 14
A low voltage battery 12 is connected to the.

Electronic delay electric detonator 17 connected to blast output terminals 15 and 16
The means for measuring the number of connections and storing the measured number as the number of loads is configured to operate by turning on the control power switch 11 and then the number-of-loads measurement switch 18. That is, when the loading number measurement switch 18 is turned on, the DC / DC converter 13 and the blast output terminal 15 are separated by the switch section 18a, and the constant current source 1 is switched by the switch section 18b.
One end of the switch 9 and the fixed contact a of the changeover switch 21 are connected to the blast output terminal 15, and the switch unit 18c connects the terminal 14 to the switch control unit 22. The other end of the constant current power source 19 is connected to the positive side of the low voltage battery 12. As a result, the switch control unit 22 switches both the changeover switches 21 and 23 to the fixed contact a side, and the switch 24 is turned on. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the blast output terminal 15 is connected to the A / D via the switch portion 18b and the contact a side of the changeover switch 21.
Connected to one input side of the converter 25, the output terminal of the reference power supply 26 is connected to the other input side of the A / D converter 25 through the contact a side of the changeover switch 23, and is in a state of waiting for the loading number set switch 27 to be closed. Becomes

In this state, the constant current power supply 19 causes a very small constant current i, which is extremely safe against the blast current, to the switch unit 18.
b, through the blast output terminals 15 and 16 to the electronic delay electric detonator 17. That is, in each electronic delay electric detonator 17, an ignition energy storage capacitor connected between both ends of the blast bus.
28 and a capacitor 28 in order to bypass leakage current from a nearby electric machine such as a bulltozer that has entered the detonator.
And a bypass resistor 29 connected in parallel with the power source of the blaster so that the connection point between the resistor 29 and the blast bus is connected to one end of the capacitor 28 through the diode 30. When the minute current i is flown, the diode 30 is prevented from conducting due to the junction barrier of the diode 30. Therefore, the current i flows through the circuit in which the bypass resistor 29 of each electronic delay electric detonator 17 is connected in series.

As a result, the following voltage drop v occurs between the terminals 15 and 16.

v = i × R (1) In the equation (1), R represents the resistance value of the load and is given by the following equation (2).

R = (n × Z) + r (2) In the formula (2), n is the number of connected electronic delay electric detonators 17, Z is the input resistance per electronic delayed electric detonator 17 (including the lead wire resistance). Indicates the resistance value of the resistor 29) and r indicates the resistance value of the blast bus. For example, the input resistance Z is 100Ω, whereas the blasting bus resistance r is usually 10Ω or less, which is very small and can be ignored.

In the A / D converter 25, the voltage drop v generated by the equation (1) is input as an analog value and compared with the reference voltage v given by the reference power source 26, and the voltage drop v is converted into a digital value in units of this reference voltage. By converting,
It is set to output as the number of loaded electronic delay electric detonators 17 connected. The comparison arithmetic expression is represented by Expression (3).

n = (N / V) × v (3) In the equation (3), N is the maximum specification value of the number of connectable electronic delay electric detonators 17, and V is the reference voltage of the reference power supply 26.

The loading number n of the electronic delay electric detonator 17 is output to the latch circuit 31, and when the loading number setting switch 27 is turned on, the flip-flop circuit 32 is inverted, and the output thereof causes the output of the A / D converter 25 to the latch circuit 10. It is latched (stored) and the loaded number n is stored as a digital value. The number of loading n
Is displayed on the display 33. Further, when the loaded number is stored in the latch circuit 31, the loaded number setting completion lamp 34 is turned on.
Further, the gate 35 is opened by the output of the flip-flop circuit 32.

In FIG. 1, means for measuring the voltage charged in the blasting capacitor 36 by the DC / DC converter 13 as a blastable number, and charging the blasting capacitor 36 so that the digital value n of the loaded number and the blastable digital value are equal. The means for controlling the voltage operates by turning on the switch 27 to open the loading number measuring switch 18 when the loading number setting is completed, and then turning on the charging switch 37. That is, when the loading number counting switch 18 is opened, the switch unit
18b is turned off, the fixed contact a of the switch 21 is separated from the blast output terminal 15, the switch part 18c is turned off, the switch control part 22 is separated from the low-voltage battery 12, and the operation of the switch control part 22 is changed. Upon return, the changeover switches 21 and 23 are switched to the fixed contact b side, and the switch 24 is turned off. The charging switch 37 is turned on, the low-voltage battery 12 is connected to the DC / DC converter 13, and the DC / DC converter 13 starts operating. Also, in conjunction with the charging switch 37, the switch 38 is turned on, the switch 39 is turned off, and the switch 38
The blast capacitor 36 is charged with the voltage converted into the high voltage by the DC / DC converter 13. At this time, the blasting capacitor
The blast output terminal 15 of 36 is separated by the switch 39. In this state, the closed circuit shown in FIG. 3 is formed and charging is started.

In this state, the output of the low voltage battery 12 starts charging the blasting capacitor 36 through the DC / DC converter 15. This charging voltage is taken out as a voltage value reduced at a constant rate by the dividing resistors 41 and 42 between the output terminals of the DC / DC converter 13, and is input to the A / D converter 25 through the contact b of the changeover switch 21. In the A / D converter 25, this charging voltage division value is input as an analog value by a method similar to the above-described number-of-loads measuring method, and the reference voltage supplied by the reference power source 43 input through the contact b of the changeover switch 23 In comparison, the reference voltage is used as a unit to charge the blast capacitor 36, and the number of detonable electronic delay electric detonators (the number of blasts) is converted to a digital value and output. There is.

The blastable number digital value is sequentially displayed by the blastable number display 45 from the A / D converter 25 through the latch circuit 44, and is compared with the loaded number digital value from the latch circuit 31 by the comparator 46. Comparison result is DC / D
It is supplied to the C converter 13, and if the number of blastable batteries is smaller than the number of loaded batteries, it is charged rapidly. The DC / DC converter 13 is controlled in three stages through the gate 35 so that the operation signal to the DC / DC converter 15 is cut off when the number exceeds the loaded number. Even after charging is completed, if the charging voltage drops due to leakage of the charging voltage of the blasting capacitor 36 and the blastable number becomes smaller than the loaded number, the above operation is repeated by the output of the comparator 46, and the blastable number is always present. Is equal to the loaded number of the latch circuit 31 or is +1 (the blastable number is increased by 1).

The means for applying the charge charged in the blasting capacitor 36 to the electronic delay electric detonator 17 on the load side as the blasting voltage through the blasting output terminals 15 and 16 is the blasting switch 39 in FIG.
It is activated when is turned on. The charging switches 37 and 38 are opened in conjunction with the closing of the blast switch 39, and the closed circuit shown in FIG. 4 is formed. The charge of the blast capacitor 36 is discharged to the electronic delay electric detonator 17 through the switch 39 and the switch portion 18a. Is started.

In this embodiment, the maximum specification value N of the number of connectable electronic delay electric detonators 17 is set to 100, and the reference voltage V is set to 1 (V).
In addition, the minute constant current i supplied from the constant current power source 19 is set to 0.1
(MA) is set, as described above, electronic delay electric detonator
When 10 electronic delay electric detonators 17 are connected between the output terminals 15 and 16 with the input resistance Z of 100 set to 100 Ω, the load side voltage drop v =
i · R = 0.1 mA × (10 pieces × 100 Ω) = 0.1 V was generated. A / D
The voltage drop v on the load side is input to the converter 25, and the number of connected electronic delay electric detonators 17 according to equation (3) n = (N / V) v
= (100 pieces / 1V) 0.1V = 10 pieces are counted, and the number of connections is stored as a loading number in the latch circuit 31 as a digital value, and is displayed numerically by the loading number display 33.

A self-controlled constant current circuit using FET transistors is used for the constant current power supply 19, and one example is the 2SK manufactured by Toshiba.
The -30Y type was selected and used to reduce the temperature coefficient. A precision type constant voltage diode is used as the reference power source 26, and as an example thereof, LVC-514 manufactured by Mitsumi Electric was used. The A / D converter 25 is, for example, a Motorola M
C14433 was used. As the latch circuits 31 and 44, TC-4508 manufactured by Toshiba was used as an example. The number-of-loads indicator 33 is, for example, a BCD which is generally known as an LED indicator TLG-320 manufactured by Toshiba.
The signal was converted to a 7-segment signal and displayed on an LED. The same thing was used for the blastable number display 35. As the flip-flop circuit 32, TC-4013 manufactured by Toshiba was used as an example. As the comparator 46, TC-4585 manufactured by Toshiba is used as an example. Although the DC / DC converter 13 uses a known technique, it is possible to charge the high-voltage large-capacity blasting capacitor in a short time, and to prevent abnormal oscillation such as hunting from occurring. It is configured by a three-step control method. As the blasting capacitor 36, an SH capacitor made by Marcon was used as an example.

"Effects of the invention" Using the electronic delay electric detonator blaster created according to the above example and the electric blaster created based on JP-A-60-221700, an electronic delayed electric detonator blasting voltage Table 1 shows an experimental example in which performances were compared by applying

As the blasting device shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-221700, the blasting output number setting was changed every 10 pieces.

The dividing accuracy of the blaster shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-221700 is set so that 10 electronic delay electric detonators can be detonated with one dividing circuit. It is very large as the experimental results shown in Table-1. Therefore, in the conventional blaster, it is necessary to increase the number of setting switching stages in multiple stages as described above. However, in the present invention, the charging voltage error rate / piece was 0.7 (%) in both cases where the number of the detonator connections was 10 or 5.

As described above, according to the present invention, the number of connected electronic delay electric detonators is automatically counted, this is stored as the loading number, and then the blastable number by the charging voltage of the blasting capacitor is counted, Since the charging voltage of the blasting capacitor is controlled so that the blastable number equals the loaded number, a voltage within the specified range is always applied to each electric detonator regardless of the number of connected electric detonators, and the accurate delay time is set. Is obtained and there is no risk of misfire. For this reason, the part to be added is an electronic circuit, and even if it is built in the blaster, it will be small,
And it can be made lightweight. Moreover, since it is not set by a person, a setting error does not occur.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a blaster for an electronic delay electric detonator according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a portion for counting the number of connected electronic delay electric detonators in FIG. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a portion in a state where the blasting capacitor is charged with a blasting voltage in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a portion in a state where a blasting voltage is applied to the electronic delay electric detonator in FIG. Is.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An electron which uses a low-voltage battery as a power source, obtains a high voltage by a DC / DC converter, charges a blasting capacitor, and supplies the charge to a plurality of electronic delay electric detonators connected in series. Type delay electric detonator blaster, measures the number of electronic delay detonator loadings, and stores the measured blasting loading number, and the voltage charged to the blasting capacitor by the DC / DC converter. For an electronic delay electric detonator, characterized by comprising a means for measuring the number of blasts possible, and a means for controlling the charging voltage of the blasting capacitor so that the number of blastables is equal to the number of blasts loaded. Blaster.