JPH0748159B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention can assign an arbitrary sound to a performance operator such as a pad, and can generate the assigned sound according to the operation of the operator. Related to electronic musical instruments.

[Conventional technology]

As an electronic musical instrument in which a rhythm sound or the like can be arbitrarily assigned to a performance operator, there is known one disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-282896. There, one rhythm sound source can be selected from a plurality of rhythm sound sources and assigned to a performance operator. When assigning the desired rhythm sound source to the performance operator,
First, a desired rhythm sound source is selected, and then the performance operator to which the rhythm sound source is to be assigned is turned on, so that the assignment is made in accordance with the on operation of the performance operator.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

In the above-mentioned conventional technique, since the assigned sound is fixed when the performance operator is turned on, if the designation of the assigned sound is incorrect, the assigned sound is redesignated and the performance operator is pressed again. Must be.
Therefore, there is a drawback that the operation at the time of allocation becomes troublesome, and careful operation is required.

If you want to change the assigned sound after listening to the sounds already assigned to the performance operators, first turn on the performance operator to make the assigned sound sound, and then to the desired assignment. It is necessary to specify the sound and turn on the performance operator again, so that the pronunciation operation of the already assigned sound and the assignment operation of the new sound must be performed separately.
It was troublesome.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and when assigning an arbitrary sound to a performance operator, a reassignment operation and a pronunciation confirmation operation of an already assigned sound can be performed by a simple operation. It aims to provide electronic musical instruments.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The electronic musical instrument according to the present invention includes a performance operator, an assigned sound designating means for designating a sound to be assigned to the performance operator, and the assigned sound designating means when the performance operator is switched from ON to OFF. Allocation control means for controlling the assigned sound to the operating element, and musical tone signal generating means for generating a musical tone signal corresponding to the sound assigned to the operating element when the performance operating element is turned on. It is equipped with.

[Action]

When assigning a desired sound to a performance operator, first, the performance operator is turned on, and the desired sound is designated by the assigned sound designating means. Then, the performance operator is turned off. The assignment control means performs control to assign the sound designated by the assigned sound designating means to the operator when the performance operator is switched from on to off. In this way, since the assignment is fixed when the performance operator is switched from on to off, even after the performance operator is turned on, if it is not turned off, the assigned sound designating means can freely change the designated sound. Can be done. Therefore, even if the assigned sound is specified incorrectly, it is only necessary to re-designate the assigned sound, and there is no need to turn on the performance operator again. Therefore, the operation at the time of allocation is simple.

Also, when the performance operator is turned on, the assigned contents are not changed yet. Therefore, the assigned sound can be generated according to the on operation, and after checking the assigned sound, A desired assigned sound is designated, and when the performance operator is turned off thereafter, the designated sound is newly assigned. Therefore, the sounding operation of the already-allocated sound and the operation of allocating the new sound can be performed by one on / off operation of the performance operator, which simplifies the operation.

In the embodiment described below, the assignment determination process according to the off operation of the performance operator according to the present invention is performed in the "plural note assignment mode". In this "plural note assignment mode", a plurality of notes that can be sounded simultaneously are assigned to one performance operator. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is needless to say that the present invention can be implemented when only one note is assigned to the performance operator.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware configuration showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention. In this example, control of a microcomputer including a central processing unit (CPU) 10, data and program ROM 11, data and working RAM 12 is carried out. Various processes are executed under. Data and address bus 13
A keyboard circuit 14, a panel switch circuit 15, and other various circuits are connected to the microcomputer via.

The keyboard circuit 14 is provided corresponding to a keyboard having a plurality of keys for designating the pitch of a musical tone to be generated, and is a circuit including a key switch corresponding to each key of the keyboard.

The panel switch circuit 15 is a circuit composed of a switch group corresponding to various operators for selecting, setting, and controlling a tone color, a volume, a pitch, an effect, and the like. This panel switch circuit 15
An indicator 16 composed of an LED or the like is provided in correspondence with a predetermined switch in, and the ON / OFF state of the function corresponding to each switch can be displayed.

As a performance operator, a plurality of pads (five as an example) P0
~ P4 is provided. Each of the pads P0 to P4 is provided with a sensor, detects that the pad has been operated by a player's hand or the like, and supplies the on / off information of the pad to the bus 13. It is preferable that the pads P0 to P4 are arranged at positions where the player can easily operate them. For example, it may be near the keyboard or at an appropriate position on the front panel, and the pads P0 to P4 are separated from the electronic musical instrument body as a separate unit so that they can be freely placed in a position where the player can easily operate. May be.

Arbitrary plural sounds can be assigned to each of the pads P0 to P4, and this assignment processing is performed by the CPU 10 based on the operation of a predetermined switch in the pad and panel switch circuit 15. Done under control. For convenience, this assignment process will be referred to as a pad assignment process.

The tone signal generation circuit 17 is capable of generating different tone signals for a plurality of tone generation channels (16 channels as an example). The process of assigning musical tones to each tone generating channel (this is known as key assigning) is performed under the control of the CPU 10. Information indicating a musical tone assigned to each musical tone generating channel is given to the musical tone signal generating circuit 17 via the bus 13, and the musical tone signal generating circuit 17 generates a musical tone signal in the musical tone generating channel based on the information. As we all know,
The tone generation channels in the tone signal generation circuit 17 may be formed in a time-sharing manner by using a common hardware circuit for each channel in a time-division manner, or in parallel by separate hardware circuits. It may be formed in.

Further, any musical tone signal generating method in the musical tone signal generating circuit 17 may be used. For example, a method of sequentially reading the musical tone waveform sample value data stored in the waveform memory (memory reading method) in accordance with the address data that changes corresponding to the pitch of the musical tone to be generated, or the above-mentioned address data as the phase angle parameter data. Frequency modulation calculation to obtain musical tone waveform sample value data (FM method), or method to perform predetermined amplitude modulation calculation using the above address data as phase angle parameter data to obtain musical tone waveform sample value data (AM Method), or any other known method may be used. Further, when the memory reading method is adopted, the musical tone waveform stored in the waveform memory may be only one period waveform, but it is preferable to use a plurality of period waveforms because the sound quality can be improved. A method of storing a plurality of periodic waveforms in a waveform memory and reading the waveforms is, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-121313, a method of storing all waveforms from the start to the end of sound generation and reading them once, or As shown in JP-A-58-142396, a method of storing a plurality of periodic waveforms of the attack portion and one or a plurality of periodic waveforms of the sustain portion, reading the waveform of the attack portion once and then repeatedly reading the waveform of the continuous portion, or As shown in JP-A-60-147793, a plurality of discretely sampled waveforms are stored and the waveforms to be read out are sequentially switched in time and designated.
Various methods such as a method of repeatedly reading a designated waveform are known, and these methods may be appropriately adopted.

Further, it is needless to say that the musical tone signal generating circuit 17 may be provided with not only the musical tone generating channel for generating the scale tones but also various devices such as a rhythm sound source and an automatic performance function.

The digital tone signal generated from the tone signal generation circuit 17 is converted into an analog tone signal by the digital / analog converter 18, and is spatially generated via the sound system 19.

The timer 20 generates a clock pulse having a predetermined cycle, and the timer clock pulse is added to the CPU 10 and acts as a timer interrupt signal.

In the embodiment, the tone generation modes (which will be referred to as pad modes) according to the operation of the pads include two modes: a simultaneous tone generation mode and a sequence tone generation mode. First, the "simultaneous sound generation mode", which is the first mode, is a mode in which a plurality of tones are simultaneously sounded in response to the operation of one pad. The second mode, "Sequence pronunciation mode"
Is a mode in which a plurality of tones are sequentially generated in response to the operation of one pad. Some mode selecting means is provided for selecting the pad mode.

In the above-mentioned pad assigning process, which pad mode is to be used for sounding a desired pad is selected (mode selection), and the assigning process according to the selected mode is performed. At this time, the sounding time intervals of the sequence sounds in the "sequence sounding mode" can be set arbitrarily at the time of allocation. For example, a method is appropriately adopted in which the sounds to be sequentially pronounced are selected or designated at desired time intervals, and the time interval information is stored together with the information of the selected sounds.

In order to assign any of a plurality of tones to a desired pad, some selection means for selecting a tone to be assigned is provided. As an example, selection of an arbitrary note to be assigned to a pad can be performed by a key pressing operation on the keyboard, and a plurality of scale notes can be assigned to the pad.

Appropriate storage means are provided for storing the information of the sound assigned to each pad according to the selection by the selection means. Data and working as this storage means
An appropriate area in RAM 12 (this is called pad memory) is used.

2A, 2B and 2C show an example of the format of the pad memory in the data and working RAM 12. First, areas of the pad memories PDM0 to PDM4 are prepared for the respective pads P0 to P4 (see FIG. 2a). Each pad memory PDM0
~ The storage format in PDM4 differs depending on the pad mode currently selected for each pad. FIG. 2B illustrates a storage format in one pad memory PDM in the simultaneous tone generation mode. FIG. 2c shows one pad memory PDM in the sequence tone generation mode.
3 illustrates an example of a storage format in the above.

The stored data in the simultaneous tone generation mode will be described below with reference to FIG. 2b.

PM (PN): Pad mode data: PN is a pad number and specifies the pad (one of P0 to P4) corresponding to this pad memory PDM. This is data indicating what pad mode is currently selected (assigned) to the pad corresponding to this pad number. It is "0" in the simultaneous tone generation mode and "1" in the sequence tone generation mode.

PTC (PN): Pad tone color data: Data indicating what tone color is currently assigned to the pad corresponding to this pad number PN. This data consists of code data indicating a tone color. Therefore, it is possible to assign a different tone color to each pad.

P (PN): Pointer: Not used in the simultaneous tone generation mode, and will be described later.

PAT (PN): Pad assigned sound data: data of a plurality of sounds assigned to the pad corresponding to the pad number PN by the pad assigning process, and an area of 1 byte is used for each sound. In this example, since a maximum of 5 notes can be sounded simultaneously, 5 bids are used for storing the bad-assigned note data. It should be noted that the breakdown of the 1-byte data that constitutes the data for one note consists of a key code of a plurality of bids that indicates the (key) of the assigned note and a 1-bit flag that indicates that it is assigned. .

TGCHF: Sound source channel flag: This flag indicates to which sound generation channel each sound indicated by the above-mentioned allocated sound data has been sound-assigned. In the pad assigning process, it does not specify which musical tone generation channel the assigned notes are to be played. The assignment to the tone generation channel is performed by the key assignment process. The sound source channel flag stores which channel is assigned by the key assign process. This sound source channel flag consists of 2 bytes = 16 bits and 1
The bit corresponds to one channel, and "1" is set to the bit corresponding to the channel to which the pad assigned sound is assigned.

The stored data in the sequence tone generation mode will be described with reference to FIG. 2c as follows.

PM (PN): Pad mode data: As mentioned above.

PTC (PN): Pad tone data: As mentioned above.

P (PN): Pointer: A pointer for pointing the event order, which will be described later, in order to control the sequence sounds to be generated in order.

Sequence data area: Sequence sound data assigned to the pad corresponding to this pad number PN by pad assignment processing is arranged in event order (sound generation timing order)
This area is used to store 2 bytes per event and has a total storage area of 20 events = 40 bytes. 2 bytes of data per event are event data E (PN, p) and duration data D (PN, p)
Consists of. p = 0,1,2, ..., 19 is the event ranking and is designated by the pointer P (PN). The event data E (PN, p) consists of a 1-bit event flag and a multi-bit key code indicating the pitch (key) of the assigned sound related to the event. The event flag is "1" for a key-on event and "0" for a key-off event. The duration data D (PN, p) is data indicating the time interval from the event to the next event.
A predetermined end mark code is stored at the end of the sequence.

TGCHF: Sound source channel flam: As mentioned above.

Next, an example of the processing executed by the microcomputer will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 3 to 12.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the main routine. First, after performing a predetermined initialization process, the "key process", "pad process", "panel switch process", and "other process" routines are repeated. In the "key processing", each key switch in the keyboard circuit 14 is scanned to detect ON / OFF of the key switch, and a key-on event processing, an example of which is shown in FIG. A key-off event process, an example of which is shown in the figure, is performed. In the "pad processing", the sensors of the pads P0 to P4 are scanned to detect their on / off states. When a pad on event occurs, the pad on event processing shown in FIG. 6 is performed, and when a pad off event occurs. Performs pad-off event processing, an example of which is shown in FIG. In "panel switch processing",
Various operators and switches in the panel switch circuit 15 are scanned to detect ON / OFF of the switches, and various processes are performed based on the detection. Examples of the processing executed in this "panel switch processing" are shown in FIGS. 8, 9 and 10. In "other processing", various other processings are performed. One of the processes performed here is a sequence control process as shown in FIG.

During the execution of the main routine, the interrupt pulse is periodically applied by the clock pulse of the timer 20. In that case,
The timer interrupt process shown in Fig. 12 is performed. here,
Increments the content of the timer register TIME by 1. Therefore, the timer TIME is in the free running state, and its overflow is ignored.

In the initial setting process, each pad memory PDM0-PD
The M4 may be preset with predetermined initial data. Then, when the power is turned on, a predetermined plurality of sounds can be initially assigned to the pads P0 to P4. Of course, such initial allocation may not be performed.

Selection of Pad Mode The pad mode can be selected by operating the pad assign switch PASW in the panel switch circuit 15 during the pad assign process. Specifically, in this embodiment, the pad assign mode is determined according to the operation of the pad assign switch PASW, and the pad mode is determined according to the pad assign mode.

Explaining the pad assign mode, this is 0
There are four modes, ~ 3. The four pad assign modes are instructed as follows by the contents of the register PAM.

PAM = 0: Play mode: Indicates a mode in which normal performance is performed, that is, pad assignment processing is not performed.

PAM = 1: Multiple tone assignment mode: A mode for assigning arbitrary multiple tones that should be sounded simultaneously to one desired pad. When this mode is selected, the simultaneous tone generation mode is selected as the pad mode. In the embodiment, when the pad assign switch PASW is operated before operating the desired pad, this mode is selected.

PAM = 2: Sequence sound assignment preparation mode: A mode showing the initial state (preparation state) when allocating arbitrary plural notes to be sequentially pronounced corresponding to one desired pad.
When this mode is selected, the sequence tone generation mode is selected as the pad mode. In the embodiment, while operating the desired pad, the pad assign switch PASW
This mode is selected by operating.

PAM = 3: Sequence sound allocation memory mode: A mode indicating that the memory operation is started when the sequence sounds are allocated.
In the embodiment, the sequence sound allocation preparation mode (PAM =
In the case of 2), when the assigned sound is selected by pressing the desired key, the mode is switched to this mode.

When the pad assign switch PASW is operated, the pad assign switch ON event process shown in FIG. 8 is executed. First, in Step 30, the pad assign mode PAM
Check the contents of, if PAM = 0, go to step 31,
Check if any of the pad switches P0 to P4 are turned on at the same time. If NO, pad assign switch PA
This means that the SW has been pressed before the pad switches P0 to P4, and go to step 32 to set the pad assign mode PAM to 1. In this way, the plural sound allocation mode is selected.

If step 31 is YES, the process goes to step 33 to set the pad number of the pad which is already turned on in the register i. Next, go to step 34 and set the pad assign mode.
Set PAM to 2. In this way, the sequence sound allocation preparation mode is selected.

The pad assign process can be ended by operating the pad assign switch PASW again.
This point will be described later.

As shown in Fig. 13, the pad assign switch PASW
An indicator such as an LED is provided beside the so that the display according to the state of the pad assign mode PAM is performed. For example, by controlling to turn off the light when PAM = 0 and turn on the light when PAM ≠ 0, it is possible to display that the pad assigning process is being performed.

Allocation of Multiple Tones If PAM = 1 is set as described above, the multiple tone allocation mode is selected. In this state, the desired pad (one of P0 to P4) to be assigned is turned on. Then, the pad-on-event process of FIG. 6 is started, and the following process is performed, and the sound currently assigned to the pad is sounded.

First, the pad number of the turned-on pad is stored in the register PN (step 35). Next, pad assign mode
It is checked whether PAM is 2 or 3 (step 36). Now P
Since AM = 1, the answer is NO, and the process goes to step 37 to store the pad number of the register PN in the register i. Next, the pad memory PDM (PDM
0 to 1 of PDM4) to pad mode data PM (PN)
Is read and it is checked whether it is "0" (step 38). If it is "0", the simultaneous tone generation mode is set, and by the processing of steps 39 and 40, the pad assigned sound data PAT (PN) is read from the pad memory PDM, and a plurality of sounds corresponding to the pad assigned sound data are respectively output. Assigned to different channels, the tone signal generation circuit 17 generates these plural tones. On the other hand, if it is not "0", it is the sequence tone generation mode, and the event data and duration data of each sequence sound are sequentially read from the sequence data area of the pad memory PDM by the processing of steps 41 to 47 and FIG. The sounds are respectively assigned to appropriate channels, and these sounds are generated by the tone signal generation circuit 17. The details of the sound generation control in the simultaneous sound generation mode and the sequence sound generation mode will be described later.

In this way, the operator can hear the sound already assigned to the pad. Then, while the ON operation of the pad is being continued, the desired key to be newly assigned is pressed. Then, the key-on event process of FIG. 4 starts and the following process is performed.

First, register the key code of the newly pressed key in the register KCD
Register with (step 48). Next, it is checked whether the tone color code TC of the tone color currently selected is the value "&HFF" indicating the keyboard percussion (step 49). Note that keyboard percussion means that a key on the keyboard is used as a percussion instrument sound designation operator. In that case, the tone color code TC is set to a predetermined value “& HFF”, and the tone color, that is, the percussion instrument name is designated by the key code. It

If the pressed key is a normal scale key, step 50
Go to the normal tone generation process (including the key assignment process to assign to any of the 16 channels), to generate a tone signal with the pitch of the pressed key. If the pressed key is the designated key for the keyboard percussion, the process goes to step 51, and a predetermined sounding process for the keyboard percussion is performed. In the next step 52, all the pad memories PDM0 to PDM0 ...
Sound source channel flag TG of the corresponding channel in PDM4
Turn off CHF. This is because when the channel has already been used by the pad, the use is canceled and the latest key press, which is the latest event, is given priority. In the next step 53, the content of the pad assign mode PAM is checked, and if PAM = 0 or 1, this process ends.

In this way, when one or more desired keys to be assigned to the pad are pressed, the above process is performed for each pressed key.
If you do not want to assign the pressed key to the pad,
The key may be released. Finally, with one or more desired keys pressed, the pad that has been kept on until then is turned off. Then, the pad-off event process of FIG. 7 is started, and the following process is performed, and the musical tones corresponding to one or a plurality of the keys pressed are assigned to the pad.

First, the pad number of the turned off pad is stored in the register PN (step 54). Next, the pad memory PDM (one of PDM0 to PDM4) corresponding to the pad number of the register PN is
Then, the pad mode data PM (PN) is read from PDM (PN)) and it is checked whether PM (PN) = "0" (step 55). If yes, go to step 550,
From the pad memory PDM (PN), pad tone color data PTC (P
Read N) and check if PTC (PN) ≠ & HFF. Y
If it is ES, go to step 56 and select the pad memory PDM (P
A key-off signal is sent to the tone signal generation circuit 17 (denoted by TG in the flow chart) corresponding to the channel (denoted by CH in the flow chart) in which the tone generator channel flag TGCHF in N) is ON. This is because the assigned sound of the pad up to that point is being sounded, so that the sounding assignment is canceled. In step 57, all tone generator channel flags TGCHF in the pad memory PDM (PN) related to the off pad are turned off.

PM (PN) = "0", that is, even if the simultaneous tone generation mode is selected, if the keyboard percussion sound is produced, step 550 is NO.
And go to step 57 without performing step 56. This is because the keyboard percussion sound is muted without giving a key-off signal.

If the assigned sound of the pad up to that point is a sequence sound, PM (PN) is “1”, step 55 is NO, and steps 58 and 56 are skipped.
go to. This is because, in the case of the sequence sound, the mute processing is performed by the event data.

In the next step 58, it is checked whether PAM = 1 and PN = i. In the present example, the pad assign mode PAM = 1 because the mode is the multi-tone assignment mode. Register i
The pad number related to the latest pad-on event is stored in (step 37 in FIG. 6), and the pad number related to the pad-off event this time is stored in the register PN. Normally PN = i and step 58 is YES
Next, go to step 59. In step 59, the presence or absence of the currently pressed key is checked. If there is a pressed key, the process goes to steps 60 to 62 to write the allocation data to the pad memory PDM (one of PDM0 to PDM4) corresponding to the pad number designated by the register i.
That is, the pad mode data PM (i) in the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pad number i is set to "0",
The fact that the simultaneous tone generation mode has been selected corresponding to this pad is stored (step 60). The pad tone color data PTC in the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pad number i
Tone code indicating the tone currently selected as (i)
Memorize TC (step 60). Further, the key code of the currently pressed key is written as the pad assigned sound data PAT (PN) in the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pad number i (step 61). In this case, a key code of up to 5 tones can be written, and when the number of simultaneous keys is 6 or more, only 5 keys are selected according to a predetermined priority selection criterion,
The key code shall be written. The priority selection criterion may be determined as appropriate, such as high tone priority, low tone priority, or priority at a new key depression time. In addition, an on-flag “1” indicating allocation is set in correspondence with the written key code. When the number of keys pressed simultaneously is less than five, the data "&H00" indicating no key code and the off flag "0" are stored in the remaining area where no key code is stored (step 62).

As described above, when one or more desired keys to be assigned to the ON-operated pad are pressed and the pad that has been continuously ON-operated until then is turned OFF, the sound information corresponding to the one-to-multiple keys is output. Is a pad memory corresponding to the pad
Stored in PDM. Thus the desired one for the pad
Through assignment of multiple tones.

If a certain pad is turned on and the note assigned to it is pronounced and confirmed, and if the assignment does not change, a key press operation is performed to select a new assigned note. Without turning off the pad. In that case, since step 59 becomes NO, the processing is ended without performing the processing of steps 60 to 62.

If one first pad is turned on, another second pad is turned on before turning it off, and then the first pad is turned off, PN = i in step 58 is satisfied. No
The processing of steps 60 to 62 is not performed. When the second pad is turned off, PN = i in step 58 is satisfied, and step 60
~ 62 processing is performed.

The tone color of the assigned sound can be freely selected. In this embodiment, when a scale tone is assigned to a pad, only one type of tone color can be assigned to each pad. In that case, a desired tone color to be assigned is selected in advance in the panel switch circuit 15. When the tone color switch of the desired tone color is turned on, the tone color switch on event process of FIG. 10 is performed, and the tone color code TC corresponding to the turned on tone color switch is registered as the information of the selected tone color. By storing this tone color code TC as pad tone color data PTC (i) in step 60 of FIG. 7, a desired tone color is assigned. In this case, the tone color information regarding a plurality of tones assigned to one pad is common, but it goes without saying that a different tone color may be assigned to each tone as a modification example.

It is also possible to assign keyboard percussion sounds to the pads. For that purpose, the keyboard percussion mode is set in advance. The keyboard percussion mode is turned on / off according to the operation of the keyboard percussion switch KPSW provided in the panel switch circuit 15. Keyboard percussion switch KPSW
When is turned on, the keyboard percussion switch on event processing of FIG. 9 is performed. First, the tone code
It is checked whether TC has a predetermined value "&HFF" indicating the keyboard percussion mode (step 63). If it is not in keyboard percussion mode, branch to NO and change the tone code TC at that time to buffer TC.
After saving in the BUF (step 64), the tone code TC is changed to the code "&HFF" indicating the keyboard percussion mode (step 65). After changing to the keyboard percussion mode in this way, the desired pad is turned on and the key corresponding to the desired keyboard percussion sound is pressed. And, as mentioned above, when the pad is turned off,
The key code of the pressed key is stored in the pad memory PDM together with the tone color code TC indicating the keyboard percussion mode. To stop the keyboard percussion mode, press the keyboard percussion switch KPSW again.
Turn on once. Then step 63 branches to YES,
The tone code saved in the buffer TCPUF is replaced by the tone code T
Re-register as C (step 66). As shown in Fig. 13, beside the keyboard percussion switch KPSW.
A display device such as an LED is provided so that the display according to the state of the keyboard percussion switch mode is performed. For example, control is performed so that the keyboard percussion mode is turned on (when TC = & HFF) and turned off when not selected (TC ≠ & HFF).

To end the multi-tone assignment mode, turn on the pad assign switch PASW again. Then, the eighth
In step 30 of the figure, it is determined that PAM = 1 (plural note assigning mode), the procedure goes to step 67, and the content of the pad assign mode PAM is reset to PAM = 0 (play mode).

Assignment of Sequence Sound To assign a sequence sound as described above, first turn on a desired pad (one of P0 to P4). Then, the pad-on-event process of FIG. 6 starts, and since PAM = 2 or 3 at this time, step 36 branches to NO, the same process as described above is performed, and it is currently assigned to the pad. The sound is pronounced. If the user wishes to assign a new sequence tone to this pad after checking the already assigned tone, turn on the pad assign switch PASW. Then, step 31 in FIG. 8 branches to YES, the pad number of the pad which is turned on is stored in the register i, PAM = 2 is set, and the sequence tone allocation preparation mode is set. PAM
The pad may be turned off after setting = 2. The sequence sound is assigned / stored at each key depression / key release event, not at the pad off timing.

After setting PAM = 2, the operator sequentially presses desired plural keys designating plural sounds to be assigned as sequence sounds at desired timing. In this case, it does not matter if two or more keys are pressed in duplicate for some periods. In response to this series of key operations, the key-on event process of FIG. 4 is performed when the key is pressed, and the key-off event process of FIG. 5 is performed when the key is released. Then, for each event, as described below, the sequence data is stored in the pad memory PDM, and the sequence sound is assigned.

When the key is pressed, the key code of the pressed key is registered in the register KCD and the musical tone is sounded by the processing of steps 48 to 52 in FIG.

When the first key is pressed, PAM = 2, so PAM = 2 is determined in step 53, and the process proceeds to step 68. In step 68, the pad assign mode is set to PAM = 3 to set the sequence tone allocation storage mode. Next, the pad memory PD corresponding to the pad number of the register i
The pad mode data PM (i) in M (one of PDM0 to PDM4) is set to "1", and it is stored that the sequence tone generation mode is selected corresponding to this pad (step 69). Then, the tone color code TC indicating the tone color currently selected is stored as the pad tone color data PTC (i) in the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pad number i (step 69).

Next, a predetermined one-measure time length data MJL is added to the current value of the timer TIME, and the result is stored in the sequence end time register ENDT (step 70). This is because, for example, one phrase of the sequence sound is limited to the time assigned to one bar. Next, the pointer P (i) in the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pad number i of the pad to be assigned is set to the initial value 0 (step 7).
1). Next, the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pad number i
In the sequence data area (see FIG. 2c) in FIG. 2, as the first event data E (i, o) designated by the pointer P (i) = 0, the key code of the register KCD (that is, the key of the key just pressed). The key code) and the on-event flag "1" are stored (step 72). Then, the current value of the timer TIME is set to the old time register OL.
It is set in DT, and the time when this event occurred is stored (step 73).

Since PAM = 3 has already been reached when the second and subsequent keys are pressed, it is determined in step 53 that PAM = 3, and the process proceeds to step 74. In step 74, the value of the old time register OLDT is subtracted from the current value of the timer TIME to obtain the difference between the previous event occurrence time and the current event occurrence time, that is, the event time interval, and the duration register D
Store at. Next, in the sequence data area (see FIG. 2c) in the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pad number i, as the duration data D (i, P (i)) of the event order designated by the pointer P (i), The time interval data stored in the duration register D is stored (step 75). For example, P (i) =
If it is 0, the time interval data of the duration register D is the duration data D of the first event ranking.
It is stored as (i, 0). Next, set the pointer P (i) to 1
Increase and specify the next event ranking (that is, the ranking of the current event) (step 76).

In the next step 77, in the sequence data area (see FIG. 2c) in the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pad number i, the event data E (i, P (i) of the event order designated by the pointer P (i). ) As
The key code of the register KCD (that is, the key code of the key related to the on event this time) and the on event flag “1” are stored. In the next step 78, it is checked whether or not the value of the pointer P (i) has reached the maximum value 19. If NO, step
Go to 79 and set the current value of timer TIME in the old time register OLDT.

Thus, in response to the new key-on event, the duration data D (i, P
(I)) and the event data E (i, P (i) +1) related to the current event ranking are written.

When the pressed key is released, the key-off event process of FIG. 5 starts. First, the key code of the key released this time is registered in the register KCD (step 80). Next, it is checked whether the tone color code TC of the tone color currently selected is the value "&HFF" indicating the keyboard percussion (step 81). If the released key is the normal scale-tone designated key, step 81 is ON, and the process goes to step 82 to perform the normal mute processing. For example, as is well known, a key-off signal is transmitted corresponding to the channel to which the released key is assigned, the volume envelope of the channel is switched to the attenuation mode, and the sound of the tone signal related to the key release is attenuated. to erase. In the next step 83, it is checked whether the pad assign mode is PAM = 3. In the case of the present example, since it is already PAM = 3, it is YES and the routine proceeds to step 84.

The processing of steps 84 to 89 is almost the same as the processing of steps 74 to 79 in FIG. The difference is that in step 87, the key code of the register KCD (that is, the key code of the key related to the current off event) is used as the event data E (i, P (i)) of the event order designated by the pointer P (i). ) And the off event flag “0” are stored. Thus, even in the case of handling the key-off event, similarly, the duration data D (i, P (i)) relating to the previous event ranking and the event data E (i, P (i) +1) relating to the current event ranking. And are written.

If the released key is the keyboard percussion-designated key, step 81 is YES and the subsequent processing is not performed.
This key-off event process ends. This is because the percussion sound is attenuated irrespective of the key release operation, and no special silencing processing is required.

The pointer P is incremented by the increment in step 86.
When the value of (i) reaches the maximum value of 19, step 88 is YE
Become S and go to step 90. Here, the pad assign mode is set to PAM = 0, that is, the play mode (step 90), and the duration data D of the event ranking 19 is set.
A predetermined end mark code is written at the position (i, 19) (step 91). Then, the value of the pointer P (i) is set to "& HF
Set to F ". This completes the pad assignment process.

The same applies when the value of the pointer P (i) reaches the maximum value of 19 during the key-on event processing, and step 75 in FIG. 4 is YES, and steps 93 to 92 are exactly the same as steps 90 to 92. After performing the processing of 95, the pad assign processing is ended.

On the other hand, the sequence control process of FIG. 11 is performed every time the main routine is cycled. Here, first, the pad assign mode is checked (step 96). As described above, when the sequence tone assignment storage mode is being executed, PA
Since M = 3, the routine proceeds to step 97, where it is checked whether the current value of the timer TIME matches the value of the sequence end time register ENDT or exceeds it. If NO, this routine is ended, but if YES, the processes of steps 98 to 100 are executed. The processing of steps 98 to 100 is exactly the same as the processing of steps 90 to 92 of FIG. 5 described above, and thus the sequence sound allocation processing ends.

The sequence sound allocation process can also be terminated by turning on the pad assign switch PASW again during execution of the sequence sound allocation storage mode. In that case, PAM = in step 30 of FIG.
It is determined to be 3, and the processes of steps 101 to 103 are executed. The processing of steps 101 to 103 is the same as steps 90 to 92 of FIG.
The processing is exactly the same as.

If another pad is turned on while the sequence sound is being assigned to a certain pad, the pad assign mode PAM is 2 or 3, so when the other pad is turned on. In the key-on event process of FIG. 6 executed at step S36, YES is obtained in step 36, and the process returns to the main routine without performing the key-on event process.

Simultaneous sound production of a plurality of tones By turning on a desired pad, a plurality of tones assigned to the pad can be produced. When the pad is turned on, as described above, the pad-on event process of FIG. 6 starts and the pad memory corresponding to the pad is started.
Pad mode data PM (PN) is read from PDM (PN) and it is checked whether or not it is "0" (step 38).
If the pad mode selected corresponding to the pad is the simultaneous tone generation mode, PM (PN) = "0", and steps 39, 40
Process.

In step 39, one or a plurality of key codes assigned to the pad are read from the pad assigned sound data PAT (PN) area of the pad memory PDM (PN) corresponding to the turned-on pad, and they are read on different channels. Assign to. The key code and the key-on signal are sent to the tone generation signal generating circuit 17 in correspondence with these key codes assigned to the channels. Further, the pad tone color data PTC (PN) is read out from the pad memory PDM (PN) and is also sent to the tone signal generating circuit 17. In the corresponding channel in the tone generation signal generation circuit 17, tone signals corresponding to these one to a plurality of key codes are formed and generated in tone colors corresponding to tone color data.

In this way, one or more tones assigned to the turned-on pad are simultaneously sounded by one pad operation. For example, if a desired chord is assigned to the pad, the chord performance can be easily performed by operating the pad once. Moreover, since the content of the pad assignment can be changed appropriately according to the performance purpose, it can be efficiently used as a performance operator for various chords of a limited number of pads or arbitrary multiple notes. Easy to operate.

In step 40, the tone generator channel flag TGCHF in the pad memory PDM (PN) is set to "1" corresponding to the channel determined to be allocated in the previous step.

When the pad that was turned on is turned off, as described above,
The pad off event process of FIG. 7 starts, and the pad mode data PM (P
N) and the pad tone color data PTC (PN) are checked to see if PM (PN) = "0" and PTC (PN) ≠ & HFF (step 55 and
550). If it is the simultaneous tone generation mode and the normal tone color, go to step 56, and send the key-off signal to the channel (the tone source channel flag TGCHF is on) to which the one or more tones assigned to the pad are assigned. To do. As a result, the sound generated by the channel is set to the attenuated sound generation state after the key is released, and one or more sounds corresponding to the pad are muted. Then, it goes to step 57 and turns off all the tone generator channel flags TGCFH in the pad memory PDM (PN) related to the off pad. If the tone assigned to the pad is a keyboard percussion tone, step 550 is NO and step 56 is skipped and step 57 is executed. This is because the keyboard percussion sound is attenuated without performing special key-off processing, and the processing of step 56 is unnecessary.

Note that when the keyboard percussion sound is generated, it may be generated by a dedicated percussion sound generation channel or device without being assigned to the 16 channels that generate the scale sound.

Generation of Sequence Sound When the desired pad is turned on, as described above, the pad-on event process of FIG. 6 starts, and the pad mode data PM (P
N) is read and it is checked whether it is "0" (step 38). If the pad mode selected corresponding to the pad is the sequence tone generation mode, PM (PN) = "1", and the process goes to step 41 to start the sequence tone generation process.

In step 41, the pad memory of the turned-on pad is
Set the pointer P (PN) in PDM (PN) to 0,
Indicate the order of the first event. Next, the pad memory
PDM (PN) sequence data area (see Fig. 2c)
The event data E (PN, 0) and the duration data D (PN, 0) in the first event order designated by the pointer P (PN) = 0 are read from the event data E (P
The sound corresponding to the key code indicated by N, 0) is produced (step 42). This tone generation processing is almost the same as the processing of steps 39 and 40 described above, and the key code indicated by the event data E (PN, 0) is assigned to any channel, and the tone signal generation circuit 17 outputs the key code. The key code, the key-on signal, and the pad tone color data PTC (PN) are transmitted to the channel, whereby one tone signal corresponding to the key code in the channel of the tone signal generation circuit 17 corresponds to tone color data. Form with a tone color and make it sound. Also, the sound source channel flag TGCHF corresponding to the assigned channel is turned on.

At step 43, the read duration data D
Check whether (PN, 0) is the end mark code. If NO, go to step 44, add the duration data D (PN, 0) to the current value of the time TIME, and add the result to the next event time register NE corresponding to the pad number PN.
Store in XT (PN). The value of NEXT (PN) indicates the time when the next event will occur. After that, the value of the pointer P (PN) is incremented by 1 (step 45).

If the read duration data D (PN, 0) is the end mark code, the process goes to step 46 to perform a predetermined sequence end process. Here, processing required to end the generation of the sequence sound, for example, if the key-off signal has not been issued yet, the key-off signal is given to the tone signal generation circuit 17, or the pad memory PDM corresponding to the pad number PN. Source channel flag TGC in (PN)
Perform processing such as turning off all HF. Then, the value of the pointer P (PN) is set to the predetermined end value & HFF, and the process ends (step 47).

As described above, in the case of a pad-on event, the sequence sound of the first event sequence assigned to the pad is generated. The processing of the second and subsequent events is performed in the sequence control processing of FIG. This sequence control process is repeated every time the main routine is repeated.

PAM = for play mode or multi-note assignment mode
Since 0 or PAM = 1, the process branches from step 96 to step 104 in FIG. In step 104, the pad number register PN is preset to 0. Next, at step 105, the pad mode data PM (PN) and the pointer P (PN) are read from the pad memory PDM (PN) designated by PN, PM (PN) = "1" and P (PN) ≠ & HFF. To find out. If the tone generation mode assigned to this pad number PN is not the sequence tone generation mode, or even if it is the sequence tone generation mode, the pointer P (PN) causes the predetermined end value &
If it is set to HFF, go to step 106 and check whether the pad number PN has reached the maximum value of 4. If it has not reached yet, the routine proceeds to step 107, where the pad number PN is incremented by 1. Then, the process returns to step 105, and the above determination is made for the pad number PN incremented by 1.

If the tone generation mode assigned to this pad number PN is the sequence tone generation mode and the pointer P (PN) is not yet set to the predetermined end value & HFF, step 1
If YES in 05, the process goes to step 108 to extract the next event time data from the register NEXT (PN) designated by PN and compare it with the current value of the timer TIME. When the current value of the timer TIME coincides with or exceeds the next event time NEXT (PN), the process goes to step 109, but the timer T
If the current value of IME has not reached the next event time NEXT (PN), go to step 106 and go to steps 106 and 10 above.
Repeat the loop of 7,105. When the above check is completed for all five pad numbers, PN = 4 becomes YES,
This sequence control process ends.

When the current value of the timer TIME reaches the next event time NEXT (PN) while repeating this sequence control process several times, step 108 becomes YES and the routine proceeds to step 109. In step 109, the pad memory PDM designated by the PN
The current value of the pointer P (PN) of (PN) is read, and the event data E of the event order designated by the pointer P (PN) is read from the sequence data area (see FIG. 2c) of the pad memory PDM (PN). (PN, P (PN)) and duration data D (PN, P (PN)) are read out, and sound generation processing or muting of the sound corresponding to the key code indicated by the event data E (PN, P (PN)) is performed. Perform processing. When the flag of the event data E (PN, P (PN)) is an on flag indicating key depression, sound generation processing is performed, and when it is an off flag indicating key release, mute processing is performed. This tone generation process is almost the same as the process of step 42 described above, and the event data E (P
N, P (PN)) is assigned to any channel, the key code, key-on signal and pad tone color data PTC (PN) is sent to the channel of the tone signal generating circuit 17, As a result, one tone signal corresponding to the key code is formed with a tone color corresponding to tone color data in the channel of the tone signal generating circuit 17,
generate. Also, the sound source channel flag TGCHF corresponding to the assigned channel is turned on. The muffling process is
A key-off signal is sent to the tone signal generating circuit 17 corresponding to the channel to which the key code relating to the off-event indicated by the event data E (PN, (PN)) is assigned. Which channel is assigned is determined by the tone channel flag TGCHF. For the channel that sent the key-off signal, the tone generator channel flag TGCHF should be turned off.

In this way, in the case of an off event, the mute processing is performed in step 109, and the sequence sound related to the off event that has been sounding until then is muted. In the case of an on-event, a sounding process is performed in step 109 and a new sequence sound is sounded.

In step 110, the read duration data D
Check whether (PN, P (PN)) is the end mark code. If NO, go to step 111, add the duration data D (PN, P (PN)) to the current value of the timer TIME, and add the result to the next event time register NEXT (PN) corresponding to the pad number PN. Store at. Then PN
The value of the pointer P (PN) designated by is incremented by 1 (step 112).

If the read duration data D (PN, P (P
N)) is the end mark code, steps 113 to 11
At step 4, the same sequence ending process and pointer resetting process as in steps 46 and 47 (FIG. 6) described above are performed.

As described above, a plurality of tones assigned as sequence tones are sequentially sounded according to the event data and the duration data stored in the sequence data area.

Modifications In the above-described embodiment, the assignment determination process according to the off operation of the performance operator according to the present invention is performed in the "plural note assignment mode", but the present invention is not limited to this, and when only one note is assigned to the performance operator. It is needless to say that the present invention can be implemented also in.

Further, the number of performance operators is not limited to plural, and may be only one.

Further, the details of the method of assigning a desired person to a pad are not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be changed appropriately.

Further, the process of assigning a desired person to the pad and other various processes are not limited to the software process using the microcomputer as in the above-described embodiment, but may be performed by a dedicated hardware circuit.

The performance operator to which a desired sound can be assigned is not limited to the pad (operator having an elastic operation surface) shown in the above embodiment, and may be used for any other operator.
Further, the sensor of the performance operator may detect not only the on / off of the operation but also the operation touch and control the generated sound according to the touch.

As a means for designating a desired assigned sound, a keyboard or a timbre designating switch is used in the above embodiment,
The present invention is not limited to this, and other appropriate data input means or the like may be used.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, when the performance operator is switched from on to off, the assignment of the sound to the operator is fixed, so that even after the performance operator is turned on, if it is not turned off. , It is possible to freely change the designation of assigned sounds. Therefore, even if the assigned sound is specified incorrectly, it is only necessary to re-designate the assigned sound, there is no need to turn on the performance operator again, and the operation at the time of assignment becomes simple. It has an excellent effect.

Also, when the performance operator is turned on, the assignment contents are not changed yet, so the assigned sound can be pronounced according to the on operation, and after checking the assigned sound, A desired assigned sound is designated, and when the performance operator is turned off thereafter, the designated sound is newly assigned. Therefore, the operation of sounding the already-allocated sound and the operation of allocating the new sound can be performed by one ON / OFF operation of the performance operator, so that the operation is simplified, which is an excellent effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware configuration showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view showing an example of a storage format of a pad memory in a data and working RAM, and FIG. 3 is a micro of the same embodiment. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of a main routine executed by a computer, FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of a key-on event process executed in the key process of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is executed in the key process of FIG. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of a key-off event process performed, FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of a pad-on event process executed in the pad process of FIG. 3, and FIG. 7 is executed in a pad process of FIG. FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing an example of pad off event processing according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a pad assign switch on event executed in the panel switch processing of FIG. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of keyboard percussion switch on event processing executed in the panel switch processing of FIG. 3, and FIG. 10 is executed in the panel switch processing of FIG. FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing an example of the tone color switch-on event processing performed, FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing an example of the sequence control processing executed in the main routine of FIG. 3, and an example of the timer interrupt processing of FIG. FIG. 13 is a flow chart, FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of switches provided in the panel switch circuit of FIG. 1 and an indicator associated therewith,
Is. 10 ... Central processing unit (CPU), 11 ... Data and program ROM, 12 ... Data and working RAM, 13 ...
Data and address bus 13, 14 ... Keyboard circuit, 15 ... Panel switch circuit 15, 16 ... Display, P0-P4 ... Pad, 17 ... Tone signal generating circuit, 18 ... Digital / analog converter, 19 …… Sound system, 20 …… Timer,
PDM0 to PDM4 …… Pad memory, PASW …… Pad assign switch.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A performance operator, an assigned sound designating means for designating a sound to be assigned to the performance operator, and a sound designated by the assigned sound designating means when the performance operator is switched from ON to OFF. And a tone signal generating means for generating a tone signal corresponding to the sound assigned to the operating element when the performance operating element is turned on. Electronic musical instrument. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the musical tone generating means generates a musical tone signal corresponding to a designated sound when the assigned sound designating means designates a sound. 3. The assignment control means has a readable / writable storage means for storing information of sounds assigned to the performance operators, and the tone generation means is stored in the storage means. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein a musical tone signal of a sound assigned to the performance operator is generated based on the information of the existing sound.