JPH0748335B2 - Switch with indicator light - Google Patents

Description

Description: [Industrial application] The present invention relates to a switch with an indicator lamp for confirming an operating state of a load.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, in a switch with an indicator lamp of this type, a current transformer is inserted and connected to the main circuit, an output is obtained from the secondary side of the current transformer according to the magnitude of the load current, and the output is used. The display element was lit. However, in the above-mentioned conventional configuration, since the current transformer is used, the manufacturing cost is high, and the secondary current is different depending on the magnitude of the primary current of the current transformer, so that the brightness of the display element is changed. On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 2, light emitting diodes LED ₁ and LED ₂ are connected in anti-parallel to both ends of a series connection of three diodes connected in parallel, and a display is made without using a current transformer. It is proposed that the brightness of the element is not changed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

In such a conventional example, in order to light the light emitting diodes LED ₁ and LED ₂ , a total of 6 diodes D _{1 to} D ₆ are required, resulting in a high cost and a large mounting space. .

The present invention is provided in view of the above-mentioned point, and uses a diode as small as possible to reduce the change in brightness of the display element due to the magnitude of the load current, and at the same time, to connect the wires to the switch body. (EN) Provided is a switch with an indicator light for facilitating connection and mounting on a mounting frame.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention connects diodes in a bridge shape, and
A rectification block in which a pair of midpoints that are not adjacent to each other among the midpoints of the sides are connected by a diode, and the remaining one pair of midpoints serves as an input / output terminal, and the input / output terminal of the rectification block. A display block in which a light emitting diode is connected in between, and a pair of terminal portions which have a quick-connect terminal structure and which connect an external current to the input / output terminals of the rectification block are mounted in the switch body, A locking claw that engages with a locking hole provided in a mounting frame provided on the construction surface is provided on the outer surface of the switch body.

[Operation] Therefore, the alternating current flowing between the input and output ends of the rectifying block always flows through the diode connected between the midpoints, so that the two diodes not adjacent to each other in the diode bridge and the diode between the midpoints are connected. The forward voltage drop of a total of three diodes is applied to the light emitting diode connected between the input and output ends to light up the light emitting diode, and the number of diodes required to light up the light emitting diode against an alternating current is reduced. In addition, the voltage drop of the rectification block is used to light the light emitting diode of the display block with a small change in brightness, and a quick-connect terminal composed of a terminal plate, a lock spring and a release button is used. The structured terminal portion facilitates connection and disconnection of the electric wire, and further facilitates mounting of the switch body on the mounting frame.

Example 1 An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First
The figure shows a circuit diagram of the switch main body A, and the electrical circuit configuration includes a rectification block 1, a display block 2, and a switch unit SW of an opening / closing mechanism unit. The rectification block 1 connects the diodes D _{1 to} D ₄ in a bridge shape, further connects the anode of the diode D ₅ to the connection point between the cathodes of the diodes D ₁ and D ₄ , and connects the cathode of the diode D ₅ to the diode D _5. It is connected to the connection point between the anodes of ₂ and D ₃ . The display block 2 is composed of two light emitting diodes LED ₁ and LED ₂ connected in parallel in opposite directions and a protection resistor R. The display block 2 is connected to the input / output terminal of the rectification block 1. A choke coil may be used instead of the protection resistor R.

The switch body A is arranged between the power source V and the load L. Now, when the switch unit SW is on, the diodes D _{1 to} D ₅ are AC power supplies, so that the current in the solid line direction and the current in the broken line flow alternately. That is, in the positive half cycle of the AC power supply, as indicated by the solid arrow, the diode D ₁
→ D ₅ → D ₃ → Current flows through load L, and in the negative half cycle,
Current flows from load L to diode D _{4 to} D _{5 to} D ₂ . Then, the voltage drop of the diode D ₁ to D _5, since it is almost constant less affected by the magnitude of the load current, constant potential difference is generated constantly across a-b. Therefore, the potential difference between the a-b is to supply a substantially constant current to the light emitting diodes LED _1, LED _2, the light emitting diodes LED _1, LED ₂
The brightness of does not change so much, and becomes almost constant.

Here, the forward voltage drop per diode is
It is about 0.7V. The forward voltage drop of the light emitting diode is, for example, about 1.
Since it is 8V and about 1.5V in the case of gallium-aluminum-arsenic element, it is necessary to connect three diodes in series in order to pass current to the light emitting diodes LED ₁ and LED ₂ .
In the present invention, when the diodes D _{1 to} D ₅ are connected as shown in FIG. 1, a current in the same direction flows through the diode D ₅ regardless of the direction of the load current, so a total of 5 diodes are sufficient.

However, in order to turn on the light emitting diode, when a series circuit of three diodes is connected in parallel as shown in FIG. 2, a total of six diodes are required. That is, by connecting as shown in FIG. 1 of the present invention, the number of diodes can be reduced by one.

By the way, in the case of a switch with a built-in semiconductor, if the element fails and becomes non-conductive due to factors such as inrush current when the power is turned on, induced lightning surge induced in the power line, and electrostatic discharge that people receive during operation. Can be considered.

FIG. 3 shows the current waveforms of the diodes D _{1 to} D ₅ of the circuit of FIG. 1, where FIG. 3A shows the load current, and FIG. 3B shows the current of the diodes D ₁ and D _3. The figure (c) shows the currents of the diodes D ₂ and D ₃ , and the figure (d) shows the currents of the diode D ₅ , respectively. The diode D _5, compared to other diodes D ₁ to D ₄ current flows only one side of the half-cycle, a current flows over both half cycles, there is a high probability that the diode D ₅ becomes non-conductive. When the diode D ₅ becomes non-conductive, the entire rectifying block 1 becomes non-conductive, and the load current is changed to the display block 2
It will all flow to. This means that if the load current is within the rating of the light emitting diodes LED ₁ and LED ₂ , the switch body A can be used without any problem, but if the load current is above the rating, the light emitting diodes LED ₁ and LED ₂ will fail and the switch body A will fail. Becomes non-conducting.

On the other hand, in the conventional configuration shown in FIG. 2, the probability that all the diodes D _{1 to} D ₆ will fail is constant, and the diode D ₁ will fail, and the load current will still be the light emitting diodes LED ₁ and LED _2.
If the light emitting diodes LED ₁ and LED ₂ fail above the rating of, half-wave rectified current as indicated by the broken line will flow in the circuit. Since the rated current of the light emitting diode is as small as several tens of mA, the load current is almost equal to or higher than the rated current in most cases.

In such a state, the load L is adversely affected, and in the worst case, the load L may be broken or burned, which is dangerous. However, with the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 1 of the present invention, as described above, there is a high probability that the entire switch body A will become non-conductive, and a failure will occur in a safe mode.

FIG. 4 compares the load current and the brightness of the light emitting diode of the switch body A of the present invention and the conventional switch with a built-in current transformer. As is clear from FIG. 4, the switch body A of the present invention has a smaller change in brightness than the current transformer type, regardless of the magnitude of the load current. The resistance value of the protection resistor R is
Approximately 100Ω is suitable for gallium / phosphorus element, and approximately 400Ω is suitable for gallium / aluminum / arsenic. Also,
When using a choke coil instead of the protection resistor R,
Set the inductance so that the impedance becomes equivalent at the commercial frequency.

Next, a specific configuration of the switch body A will be described with reference to FIGS. The outer shell of the switch body A is composed of a body 4 and a cover 5, and on both sides of the body 4, terminal portions 6 are formed which are connected to electric wires from the outside. The terminal portion 6 includes a terminal plate 7 having a substantially U-shape, a substantially S-shaped locking spring 8 for pressure-connecting the conductor of the electric wire to the terminal plate 7, and a release button 9 for releasing the electric wire. It has a terminal structure. An electric wire insertion hole 10 for inserting an electric wire at the bottom of the body 4,
A release hole 11 for inserting the tip of a driver or the like is formed to press the release button 9.

A rib 12 made of an insulating material is integrally projectingly provided at a substantially central portion of the body 4, and storage portions 13 and 14 are formed with the rib 12 as a boundary. An opening / closing mechanism is installed in one of the storage parts 13. That is, the support plate 15 electrically connected to one of the terminal plates 7 is arranged at the bottom of the housing portion 13, and the substantially U-shaped opening / closing body 17 swings on the projection 16 formed on the support plate 15. Arranged freely. A movable contact 18 is fixed to one side surface of the opening / closing body 17, and a fixed contact 19 facing the movable contact 18 is provided on the other terminal plate 6.

A handle 21 is provided in the opening 20 of the cover 5,
The lower surface of the actuator 22 protruding from the lower surface of the handle 21 is the opening / closing body.
The opening / closing body 17 is brought into contact with the upper end of the handle 17 by the seesaw operation of the handle 21 to open / close the contacts 18 and 19. The contacts 18 and 19 form the switch unit SW shown in FIG.

In the other storage section 14, the diodes D ₁ to
The printed circuit board 23 on which D ₅ and the protection resistor R are mounted is installed. In addition, the light emitting diodes LED ₁ and LED _{2 of the} display block ₂
The integrated display body 24 is mounted on another printed circuit board 25, and the printed circuit board 25 is fixed to the lower surface of the handle 21. The two printed boards 23 and 25 are connected by a lead wire 26. Here, grooves 27 and 28 are formed on the printed circuit boards 23 and 25, respectively, and the lead wires 26 are fixed to the grooves 27 and 28 by slightly slackening from the soldered portions at the ends of the lead wires 26. This is to prevent the soldered portion of the lead wire 26 from being broken even if the handle 21 is reversed. The printed circuit board 23 and the terminal board 7 are also connected by the lead wires 29.

The upper surface of the display body 24 of the printed circuit board 25 fixed to the handle 21 is positioned corresponding to the display hole 30 of the handle 21, and the load state can be visually recognized from the outside of the handle 21.

Here, the switch body A of the present invention is formed to have a size of one standardized wiring device module, and is detachably mounted on the standardized mounting frame. Locking claws on both sides of the cover 5 for attaching to the mounting frame
31 is projected to the side.

FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the switch main body A mounted on the plate frame 32 which is a mounting frame.
Is a size capable of mounting three switch bodies A each having a size of one standardized wiring device module. The body 4 of the switch body A and the cover 5 are joined together by an assembly frame 33, and the assembly frame 33 is formed with a locking claw 31 which constitutes the above-mentioned locking means. A pair of locking holes 34 into which one pair of locking claws 31 of the switch body A are inserted and locked are formed in one side piece of the plate frame 32. Also, the plate frame
The other side piece of 32 is integrally formed with a bending piece 35 capable of bending sideways, and the other pair of locking claws 31 of the switch body A are inserted into the pair of locking portions of the bending piece 35. The switch main body A is locked and attached to the plate frame 32 in a detachable manner. Further, the plate frame 32 is provided with a mounting hole 36 for inserting a screw for mounting on a switch box buried in the wall surface.

A decorative plate 37 is mounted on the front surface of the plate frame 32, and an engaging claw 38 is provided on the rear surface thereof so as to project therefrom.
The decorative plate 37 is removably attached to the plate frame 32 by fitting it into the engaging hole 39 of the plate frame 32. Also,
The decorative plate 37 has an opening 40 for exposing the handle 21 of the switch body A.

[Embodiment 2] The push button switch 45 shown in FIG. 10 is a body 45a made of synthetic resin.
And a cover 45b made of synthetic resin to form a body, and a body locking leg 5 hanging from a pair of opposite side surfaces of the cover 45b.
The body locking hole 50a provided in 0 is locked to the locking projection 49 of the body 45a to be coupled.

The cover 45b is further provided with locking claws 51a, 51b on both side surfaces respectively corresponding to a pair of locking holes 48 formed in the vertical sides of the both side pieces 42b, 42b of the mounting frame 42 shown in FIG. The projection 12 is integrally formed, and a space 12 is formed on the back of one of the locking claws 51b, which is a hole formed by vertically penetrating the outer wall of the cover 45b to obtain a bending margin.
The locking claws 51b can be elastically bent inward.

As shown in FIG. 10, protrusions 99a are projected on both sides of the middle frame 99, and the protrusions 99a are pressed against the inner surfaces on both sides of the body 45a to press the middle frame 99 into the body 45a. I'm trying to fix it. At this time, the tips of the substantially triangular protrusions 99a are fitted while being crushed. In this way, body 45a
Is fitted with the middle frame 99 in the central storage portion 63, the rectifying block 1 is arranged on the lower surface side of the middle frame 99, and the connection terminal storage portions 53 and 54 are formed on both sides of the body 45a. The accommodating portion 53 accommodates a quick-connect terminal composed of a common terminal plate 55, a lock spring 56, and a release button 57, and the other connecting terminal accommodating portion 54 accommodates a terminal plate 58, which constitutes a first connecting terminal portion, and a chain. A lock spring 59, a terminal plate 60 constituting a second connection terminal portion, and a lock spring 61 are stored, and a common release button 62 is stored in the first and second connection terminal portions.

The common terminal plate 55 is a support plate 55a for the opening / closing body 64 arranged at the bottom of the central storage 63 of the body 45a via the rectifying block 1.
Connected to.

The terminal plate 58 is provided with an extension piece 58a.
Extends over the partition 54a and extends into the central storage portion 63, and is further adjacent to the wall wall 54a side. The extended piece 58a is provided with a fixed contact 65a.

In addition, the terminal board 60 is placed along the inner wall of the body 45a and the central storage portion 6
It is extended in 3 and its tip is bent along the partition wall of the connection terminal accommodating portion 53, and a fixed contact 65b corresponding to the fixed contact 65a is provided at the tip of the bent piece 60a.

A printed circuit board 66 on which the display block 2 is mounted is placed on top of these terminal plates 58 and 60, and terminals 58b and 60b projecting from the respective terminal plates 58 and 60 are connected to the contacts 66a of the printed circuit board 66. ing.

The opening / closing body 64 is formed of a conductive plate, and has a central storage portion.
The protrusions 68 that are placed inside 63 and are provided at the bottom of both ends are stored in the center.
The lower part of the V-shaped recess 67 is rotatable about the lower side of the V-shaped recess 67 fitted in the side wall 63 and the V-shaped recess 67 provided in the middle frame 99 so that the lower end edge is in contact with the support plate 55a. Then, the movable contacts 69 provided on both upper surfaces of the opening / closing body 64 are fixed contact according to the rotation.
65a and 65b are brought into contact with and separated from each other to turn on and off between the common connection terminal portion and the first or second connection terminal portion.

It is the coil spring 70 that drives the opening / closing body 64 in reverse.
And a reversing handle 71, a push button handle 72, a slide cam 73, and the like.

The coil spring 70 has a lower portion locked to a spring seat 64a provided at an upper edge of a lateral piece of the opening / closing body 64, and an upper portion thereof is inverted.
The opening / closing body 64 is driven to be reversed according to the movement of the reversing handle 71 in both directions by being inserted into the cylindrical portion 71a which is integrally provided at the lower part of the reversing handle 71a.

The reversing handle 71 is inserted into the recess 91 from below into a hole 92 opened at the bottom of the recess 91 of the cover 45b.
An inverted triangular shaft 71c provided on both sides of the lower tubular portion 71a of the cover is pivotally supported by a bearing 90 on the inner wall of the cover 45b,
Engagement protrusions 74, 74 engaged with the slide cam 73 are provided on both upper sides of the rectangular parallelepiped portion 71b above the reversing handle 71.

The push button handle 72 is housed in the recess 91 so as to be vertically movable by locking the locking projections 76, 76 in the vertical locking grooves 75 formed on both inner wall surfaces of the recess 91 of the cover 45b. Flat piece 77
A return spring 77 formed by integrally extending two return spring pieces 77a, 77a downwardly expanding from b toward the bottom is provided on the lower surface of the push button handle 72 in a hole 77d formed in the flat piece 77b. It is attached to the lower surface of the push button handle 72 by inserting a projection (not shown), and the tip of the return spring pieces 77a, 77a of the return spring 77 is elastically urged upward by elastically contacting the bottom surface of the recess 91.

As shown in FIG. 10, the slide cam 73 is formed by a thermoplastic resin having a high elasticity such as polyacetal into a substantially square shape, and the reverse handle 71 is provided on the lower surface of the opposite side portion.
A pair of spring pieces that are integrally projecting in the shape of a C at the center of the other side edge.
73a, 73a, the projection 72A formed on the lower surface of the push button handle 72 is inserted between the tips of the spring pieces 73a, 73a, and the slide cam 73 is slidably mounted on the lower surface of the push button handle 72 and By the elasticity of the pieces 73a, 73a, a restoring force in the anti-sliding direction is given.

The rectification block 1, the display block 2, the neon tube L, the resistor R ₁ , the counter electromotive voltage prevention diode D, etc. shown in FIG. 10 constitute a circuit for displaying ON / OFF of the switch body. In the case of configuring a three-way circuit, one connection terminal portion to which one end of the power source is connected, one fixed contact 65b, the movable contact 69 of the opening / closing body 64, and the support plate 55a.
When a current flows between the rectifying block 1, the common terminal plate 55, the load, and the other end of the power supply, the rectifying block inserted between the common terminal plate 55 and the support plate 55a of the opening / closing body 64. The display block 2 is lit using the voltage drop of 1. Further, the opening / closing body 64 is reversed and the movable contact 69 is switched and connected to the other fixed contact 65a to turn off the load, and a power supply connected between both connection terminals in a circuit composed of the neon tube L and the resistor R ₁ ... As a result, an energizing current flows and the neon tube L is turned on. Figure 18 shows the circuit configuration. A window 80 is provided in the cover 45b, and a lamp cover 81 is attached to the window 80 so that the light from the display block 2 and the neon tube L can be seen.

The push button switch 45 thus configured covers the lower end of the vertical side of one side piece 42b of the mounting frame 42 by fitting the cover 45b into the window hole 46 of the metallic mounting frame 42 shown in FIG. 17 from below. If the abutment point is rotated with the abutment point on the upper surface of the periphery of 45b, the engagement claw 51a on the fulcrum side engages with the engagement hole 48, and the lower end of the vertical side of the other side piece 42b engages. The stop claw 51b is pushed inward by the bending allowance of the space 52 and the elastic force of the material of the cover 45b to get over the locking claw 51b, and the locking claw 51b is locked in the locking hole.
Engage at 48. The push button switch 45 fixed by locking the locking claws 51a, 51b into the locking holes 48, 48 is a push button handle.
72 is projected from the window hole 46 of the mounting frame 42.

A piano handle 83 is attached to the push button switch 45 attached to the attachment frame 42 in this manner. This piano handle
Reference numeral 83 denotes a fulcrum rib 83a provided on one side edge of the cover 45b as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. The locking foot 83b formed on the other side edge is vertically movably locked and mounted in the locking space 87 on the other side of the cover 5a. By pushing the other side of the piano handle 83, it can be rotated about the fulcrum rib 83a as a fulcrum. By pushing and rotating the piano handle 83, the push button handle 72 can be pushed and driven. It has become. The piano handle 83 has a through hole window 83 for transmitting the light of the neon tube L and the display block 2.
perforating c.

Next, the operation of the piano handle type switch of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 15.

First, when the piano handle 83 is pushed down in FIG. 11 (a), the push button handle 72 is pushed down against the return spring piece 77a as shown in FIG. 12, and the slide cam 73 is lowered by pushing down the push button handle 72. Inversion handle in which the vicinity of the base of the inner inclined surface of the engaging cam body 78 at one end (left side in FIG. 12A) of the slide cam 73 is inclined
When hitting the engaging protrusion 74 on the upper side of 71 (left side in FIG. 12B) and further pushing the push button handle 72, the engaging protrusion 74 is pushed down along the inner inclined surface of the engaging cam body 78 and the reversing handle 71 is inverted. Rotate. In this case, push button handle 72
Reversing by pushing down the handle 71
74 rotates counterclockwise as shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 (b), and with this rotation, the engaging projection 74 causes the engaging cam body 78 to resist the spring piece 73a. Slide to the left as shown in b) and turn the reversing handle 72 in the middle of reversing.
72 is rotated beyond the horizontal position and the other hooking protrusion 74
Even if the position is raised, since the slide cam 73 slides to the left side, the engagement cam body 78 at the other end (the right side in FIG. 14B) is located on the left side of the right engagement protrusion 74. Therefore, it does not hinder the reverse rotation of the reverse handle 71.

Here, if an inner inclined surface is formed inside the engaging protrusion 74 of the reversing handle 71, the inner inclined surface is formed so as not to interfere with the engaging cam body 78 located inside when the engaging protrusion 74 moves upward. You can run away. Further, as described above, when the reversing handle 71 is reversed and rotated by pushing down the push button handle 72, the reversing handle 71 is reversed by sliding the slide cam 73 against the spring piece 73a of the slide cam 73. The reversing handle 71 can be smoothly rotated in the reverse direction without the sliding friction resistance between the 71 and the slide cam 73.

When the reversing handle 71 is rotated in the reverse direction as described above, the coil spring 70 reversely oscillates to invert the opening / closing body 64, and the movable contact 69 is separated from the one fixed contact 65a to which the movable contact 69 is in contact and the other It contacts the fixed contact 65b.

When the pushing down force of the piano handle 83 is released after this reversal, the push button handle 72 is pushed up by the return spring piece 77a of the return spring 77, and the piano handle 83 also returns to the original state. At the same time, the slide cam 73 also slides back to the central portion by the spring force of the spring piece 73a, and becomes as shown in FIG. If the piano handle 83 is pushed down in this state, the opening / closing body 64 can be inverted by the same operation as described above.
After this reversal, if the pushing down force of the piano handle 83 is released, the state shown in FIG. 12 is restored.

[Effect of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, diodes are connected in a bridge shape, and a pair of midpoints that are not adjacent among the midpoints of each side are connected by a diode, and the remaining one pair is connected. A rectification block with a midpoint between the input and output ends, a display block with a light-emitting diode connected between the input and output ends of this rectification block, and a quick-connect terminal structure that allows current from the outside to be entered on the rectification block. A pair of terminal parts connected to the output end are housed in the switch body, and locking claws for engaging with the locking holes provided in the mounting frame provided on the construction surface are provided on the switch body. Since it is provided on the outer side surface, the AC current that flows between the input and output ends of the rectifying block always flows through the diode connected between the midpoints. 3 diodes in total The forward voltage drop of the diode is applied to the light emitting diode connected between the input and output ends to light up the light emitting diode, and the number of diodes required to light up the light emitting diode with respect to the alternating current can be reduced, Moreover, since the light emitting diode is turned on by using the voltage drop of the diode, the change in the brightness of the light emitting diode due to the magnitude of the load current is small, and the terminal plate, the lock spring and the release button are used. This has the effect of facilitating the connection and disconnection of the electric wire and the easy attachment of the switch body to the mounting frame.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a conventional example, FIG. 3 is an operation waveform diagram of the same as above, and FIG. 4 is a characteristic showing load current and brightness of a light emitting diode above. 5 and FIG. 5 are cross-sectional views of the switch main body of the above, FIG. 6 is a plan view of the same with the cover removed, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of essential parts of the same.
FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view showing a construction state of the above, FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of a push button switch of the second embodiment, and FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b) are Cross-sectional views of the same as above,
12 to 15 are explanatory views of the same as above, FIG. 16 is a sectional view of the same, FIG. 17 (a) is an exploded perspective view of the same, and FIG. 17 (b).
Fig. 18 is a perspective view of the above piano handle as seen from the back side, and Fig. 18 is a circuit diagram of the above. 1 is a rectification block, 2 is a display block, 7 is a terminal board, 8
Is a lock spring, 9 is a release button, D _{1 to} D ₅ are diodes, LED ₁ ,
LED ₂ is a light emitting diode, and A is a switch body.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A diode is connected in a bridge shape, a pair of midpoints that do not adjoin among the midpoints of each side are connected by a diode, and the remaining pair of midpoints is an input / output terminal. And a display block in which a light emitting diode is connected between the input and output ends of the rectification block, and a pair of quick connecting terminal structure for connecting an electric wire from the outside to the input and output ends of the rectification block. It is characterized in that the terminal part is housed inside the switch body, and the locking claw that engages unevenly with the locking hole provided in the mounting frame provided on the construction surface is provided on the outer surface of the switch body. Switch with indicator light.