JPH0749663B2 - Excavator with crane - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an excavator, and in particular, a crane mechanism is provided in an excavator capable of expanding and contracting a bucket for excavating earth and sand in the length direction of an arm. The present invention relates to an excavator equipped with a crane.

[Conventional technology]

In the civil engineering work, most of the work involves excavating earth and sand and excavating holes. An excavator (also called a backhoe) is actively used to modernize civil engineering work, which is such excavation work, and to efficiently perform the work.

In many conventional excavators, a boom having a slightly V shape is swingably attached to a vehicle body to which a crawler and wheels are attached, and a slightly linear arm is attached to the tip of the boom. The arm was swingably connected to the boom in the vertical direction, and a bucket was attached to the tip of the arm. With this configuration, the boom,
By operating the arm and the bucket in cooperation with each other, the bucket can be pushed into the soil, and then the bucket can be pulled up to dig the earth and sand. The basic structure of this excavator has been actively used, and its shape has hardly changed. And, in order to operate these buckets, arms, and booms, it is usually possible to perform the digging work by operating each of the three hydraulic cylinders.

Using an excavator that has been actively used in the past,
In order to deepen the depth of the trenches and holes to be dug, the boom, arm and length must be increased respectively. Also, at work sites where the bucket is extended from the riverbank to dig up the soil on the opposite bank, the length of the boom and arm is fixed in conventional excavators, so the length set by the boom and arm should be longer than the length set by the boom and arm. The bucket did not reach. As described above, in the conventional configuration, the depth to be dug by the bucket and the distance reached by the bucket are naturally limited.

For work with limited conditions as described above, when attempting to dig a groove or hole deep, or when trying to reach the bucket to a long position, increase the length of the boom and arm respectively. This is theoretically possible. However, if the boom and arm are designed to be long, the entire length of the boom and the arm will be long when the excavator moves, which makes it difficult to carry.

Further, after such excavation work, the excavated earth and sand must be moved from the front of the vehicle body toward the rear with a bucket. In this transfer, the bucket is rotated with respect to the vehicle body, but the boom must be raised vertically at the time of turning, and if the boom is raised vertically, the top height of the boom rises, and the electric wires and other This made it dangerous to work with because it came into contact with the structure.

As described above, in the conventional excavator, since the length of the boom and the length of the arm are fixed, the work range is limited. For this reason, the same inventor as the present invention has proposed an excavator that allows the arm to be expanded and contracted and can push down the bucket attached to the tip of the arm to a deeper position or reach it for a long time (special feature). (Heihei 1st year No. 107990, Japanese patent application 1st year 247005, etc.)

By the way, at the work site of digging trenches and digging holes, in addition to the work of digging earth and sand, there is also the work of burying pipes and fume pipes after digging them and covering the holes after digging with iron plates etc. It was incidental. There is no problem in suspending heavy objects as long as the weight can be lifted manually, but for example, when suspending heavy fume pipes or iron plates, it is necessary to use a dedicated crane truck based on safety standards. Is something that must be used. This is because the lifting of heavy items requires the use of a crane vehicle equipped with a dedicated safety mechanism to meet the work safety standards.

However, at the site where the excavator is working, there are few work processes that may use the crane truck at the same time, and it is usually impossible to prepare two vehicles with individual capabilities at the same time. Is. In addition, in a narrow work site with both sides sandwiched between buildings, the limit is to introduce only an excavator into the site, and it is not possible to bring more mobile cranes to such a work site than in a narrow work terrain. there were. Furthermore, the work of hoisting heavy objects is completed in an extremely short time compared to the digging work of earth and sand, and if a dedicated mobile crane with only the function of hoisting is used, it is a waste of time to dispatch the mobile crane. Was caused.

For this reason, when lifting a heavy object during the work of digging the earth and sand, it has been customary in the past to hang a wire on the bucket of the excavator and move the arm supporting the bucket and the boom up and down to lift the heavy object. It was the current situation. It is extremely easy to hang a heavy wire by hooking a wire on a bucket, but since the excavator originally has no structure for lifting a heavy object, the wire may come off and it is extremely dangerous. It is a thing. In addition, since the excavator is used in a manner that deviates from its original function, the limit of the weight that can be lifted is unknown, and it is unavoidable to perform dangerous work.

In order to satisfy the two operations of excavation and hoisting at such a work site, an excavator with a crane function has been devised in which the excavator and the crane are incorporated into a single vehicle body (for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 315787 No. 63). In such an excavator with a crane, a crane that can expand and contract is stored on the side or inside of the boom.When lifting a heavy object, this crane mechanism is extended from the boom and the wire is hung from the tip of the crane mechanism. The hook was connected to the tip of this wire. With this configuration, when heavy objects are not lifted, the crane mechanism is contracted so that excavation work is performed without disturbing the operation of the bucket. It worked and was extremely convenient for civil work in tight spaces.

However, this crane mechanism had to have a mechanism capable of expanding and contracting its length so as not to disturb the excavation work, and had a complicated structure. In addition to the arm and boom for excavation, a crane mechanism for expanding and contracting must be attached to the excavator, which increases the number of manufacturing processes and is expensive.

In response to such a request from the work site, the same inventor as the inventor of the present application assembles the arm from the outer arm and the inner arm, allows the inner arm to extend and contract with respect to the outer arm, and We have proposed an excavator with a crane that suspends a hook mechanism (Japanese Patent Application No. 125443).
issue. ) With this mechanism, the drawbacks of the two excavators described above can be solved with the same mechanism. That is, the reach of the bucket can be changed by expanding and contracting the inner arm with respect to the outer arm. Since the hook mechanism is hung from the tip of the expanding and contracting inner arm, the position of the suspended object can be freely adjusted. It could be moved to.

However, in this newly proposed excavator, since the inner arm expands and contracts with respect to the outer arm, it is necessary to correct the height position of the suspended hook mechanism. That is, if the winding mechanism is fixed to the outer arm itself, the wire is expanded and contracted by the expansion and contraction of the inner arm, and the height position of the hook mechanism is changed. In this case, the expansion and contraction of the inner arm and the operation of the hoisting mechanism have to be operated in parallel to manually adjust the slack of the wire. This operation was a fine adjustment and was troublesome for the operator.

Further, in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 125443/1989, the winding mechanism is moved relative to the outer arm in synchronization with the movement of the inner arm in order to automatically correct the slack of the wire. With this configuration, since the hook mechanism suspended from the inner arm has a constant wire slack, the hook mechanism does not hang down nor collide with the inner arm. But,
Since the hoisting mechanism also has to be moved in synchronism with the movement of the inner arm, the mechanism is complicated and there is a drawback that the actuation force for movement must be increased.

In order to eliminate this drawback, it is conceivable to fix the winding mechanism to the tip of the inner arm. With this configuration, the structure is simple and it is not necessary to adjust the slack of the wire suspended from the inner arm. However, when the winding mechanism is provided at the tip of the inner arm, the weight applied to the tip becomes large, and a large moment is applied to the root of the outer arm. For this reason, the load resistance of the outer arm must be increased or the suspending ability must be decreased, which is not practical.

Further, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 223533/1985, a rail is provided below the arm, and a support is placed on the rail so as to be movable in the length direction, and a hydraulic cylinder is provided between the support and the arm. And a mechanism provided with a crane device on the support. This mechanism has a function of suspending a heavy load by the crane device and moving the support together with the crane device in the length direction of the arm by the hydraulic cylinder while the heavy load is suspended. In this mechanism, the heavy object can be moved in the horizontal direction by moving the support, and the horizontal position setting of the heavy object can be adjusted without moving the excavator. However, in this configuration, the mechanism for moving the rail, the support body, and the like must be housed in the arm, which causes a drawback that the weight of the arm becomes large. In particular, since various mechanisms are housed in the arm that swings up and down, the weight of the tip of the arm increases, and the efficiency of the excavation work that swings the bucket up and down deteriorates.

[Means for solving problems]

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention provides a movable vehicle body, a boom connected to the vehicle body so as to be swingable in the vertical direction,
A hollow outer arm connected to the boom so as to be swingable in the vertical direction, an inner arm inserted into the outer arm so as to be slidable in the length direction, and a tip of the inner arm. A bucket, a winding mechanism for winding a wire fixed to the rear end of the outer arm, first and second pulleys pivotally supported near the tip of the inner arm, and a pivotal support near the rear end of the inner arm. The third pulley and the hoisting mechanism are pulled out and hung downward by the first pulley, then returned to the inside of the inner arm by the second pulley, inverted by the third pulley, and then the tip of the outer arm. And a hook body suspended from the wire suspended in a U shape by the first and second pulleys.

Further, in the present invention, a movable vehicle body, a boom connected to the vehicle body so as to be vertically swingable, and an outer arm having a hollow interior connected to the boom so as to be vertically swingable, An inner arm inserted into the outer arm so as to be slidable in the length direction, a bucket connected to the tip of the inner arm, a hydraulic cylinder for expansion and contraction interposed between the outer arm and the inner arm, A slider that can move in the length direction on the outside of the arm, a hydraulic cylinder interposed between the bucket and the slider, a synchronous body that connects the vicinity of the tip of the inner arm and the slider, and a shaft that is pivotally supported at the rear of the outer arm. A first wheel, a second wheel pivotally supported on the front portion of the outer arm, and a tip end thereof connected to the slider and a rear end thereof connected to a rear end of the inner arm. Hui of 2 A connecting band with flexibility is wound around the S-shaped in Le, is characterized in that is composed of a crane mechanism comprising a hook mechanism suspended from the tip of the arm lifting heavy.

Further, in the present invention, a movable vehicle body, a boom connected to the vehicle body so as to be vertically swingable, and an outer arm having a hollow interior connected to the boom so as to be vertically swingable, An inner arm inserted into the outer arm so as to be slidable in the length direction, a bucket connected to the tip of the inner arm, a hydraulic cylinder for expansion and contraction interposed between the outer arm and the inner arm, A slider that can move in the length direction on the outside of the arm, a hydraulic cylinder interposed between the bucket and the slider, a synchronous body that connects the vicinity of the tip of the inner arm and the slider, and a shaft that is pivotally supported at the rear of the outer arm. A first wheel, a second wheel pivotally supported on the front portion of the outer arm, and a tip end thereof connected to the slider and a rear end thereof connected to a rear end of the inner arm. 2 ho Flexible connecting band wound in an S-shape around the reel, a winding mechanism for winding the wire fixed to the rear end of the outer arm, and first and second shafts supported near the tip of the inner arm. Pulley, a third pulley pivotally supported near the rear end of the inner arm, and a third pulley that is pulled out from the hoisting mechanism and then hung downward by the first pulley and then returned to the inside of the inner arm by the second pulley. , A wire whose tip is inwardly connected to an outer arm after being inverted by a third pulley, and a hook body which is hung on a wire slightly U-shaped suspended by the first and second pulleys It is characterized by being done.

Further, preferably, the present invention is such that the first wheel is pivotally supported on both sides of the rear portion of the outer arm, the second wheel is pivotally supported on both sides of the front portion of the outer arm, and the tips of the two connecting bands are respectively slidably supported. And connecting the rear end of each connecting band to the rear part of the inner arm, and winding each connecting band around each wheel in an S-shape.

Also, preferably, the present invention is characterized in that the first and second wheels are sprocket wheels and the connecting band is a chain.

Further, preferably, the present invention is configured such that both sides of the upper surface of the outer arm are projected to the left and right and are formed as guide edges extending in the length direction of the outer arm, and the openings are opposed to each other on both sides of the slider. A guide with a U-shaped cross section is fixed, and by fitting each guide to each guide edge,
It is characterized in that the slider is restricted so as to move only in the length direction of the outer arm.

[Action]

In the present invention, the outer arm is connected to the tip of the boom, the inner arm is slidably inserted in the outer arm in the longitudinal direction thereof, and the bucket is connected to the inner arm. Therefore, in excavation work, the bucket can reach a deeper position by expanding and contracting the inner arm with respect to the outer arm. Since the crane mechanism is suspended from the tip of the inner arm, the heavy object can be suspended by the crane mechanism, and the heavy object can be safely suspended within the safety standard range. Therefore, one excavator can share the work of excavation and the work of suspending heavy objects, and there is no need to prepare two different types of vehicles for different purposes at the work site, improving work efficiency. To do.

Further, the hook mechanism is suspended from the tip of the inner arm by a wire, and this wire is inserted from the rear part of the inner arm and pulled out from the tip of the inner arm. Then, after the hook mechanism is wound around the wire, the wire enters the inside of the inner arm again, and after being inverted at the rear end of the inner arm, the end of the wire is connected to the inside of the outer arm. With this configuration, even if the inner arm is slid with respect to the outer arm, the wire slack in the inner arm is pulled out as the inner arm slides, and is pulled in at the same time. Therefore, the hanging length of the wire suspended from the tip of the inner arm does not change, and the distance between the hook body and the lower portion of the inner arm is always constant. For this reason,
When trying to move the hook body horizontally by expanding and contracting the inner arm, the work of separately adjusting the hanging length of the wire becomes unnecessary.

And since the winding mechanism for winding the wire is attached to the rear end of the outer arm, the moment load applied to the outer arm does not become large, there is no need to strengthen the entire outer arm, and the hanging load also becomes large. can do.

Further, a slider is movably provided outside the outer arm, and a hydraulic cylinder is interposed between the slider and the bucket. The front side of the slider is connected to the tip of the inner arm by a synchronous body, and the rear side of the slider is connected to one end of the S-shaped connecting band inside the outer arm, and the other end of the connecting band is It is connected to the outer arm.
Therefore, the rear portion of the hydraulic cylinder that rotates the bucket is moved by the slider, and the slider can be reliably moved back and forth in the length direction of the outer arm by the synchronizing body and the connecting band.

〔Example〕

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing an embodiment of an excavator according to the present invention.

Crawlers 2 are attached to the lower left and right sides of a vehicle body 1 that houses an engine, a hydraulic pressure generator, and the like, and the crawler 2 allows the vehicle body 1 to move freely. A boom 3 bent in a V shape is connected to the center of the front surface of the vehicle body 1, and a hydraulic cylinder 4 for elevation is interposed between the center legs of the boom 3 and the left and right front portions of the vehicle body 1. is there. A linear outer arm 5 is swingably connected to the upper end of the boom 3, and a swing hydraulic cylinder 6 is interposed between the rear portion of the outer arm 5 and the center of the rear surface of the boom 3. is there. The outer arm 5 is formed by bending a steel plate and has a tubular shape with a slightly quadrangular cross section, and an inner arm 7 having a quadrangular cross section is inserted inside the outer arm so as to be slidable along its length direction. I am allowed. A bucket 8 is swingably connected to the tip of the inner arm 7.

Links 9 and 10 for forming a link mechanism are connected between the tip of the inner arm 7 and the rear portion of the bucket 8, and both links 9 and 10 have a slightly triangular shape in which the tips are connected. The cylinder rod 12 of the bucket cylinder 11 is connected to the vertices of both links 9 and 10. On the upper surface of the outer arm 5, there is combined a slider 13 which can move along the length direction thereof. On the upper surface of the slider 13, a pair of slightly trapezoidal shaft support plates 15 are fixed. is there. A base portion of a bucket cylinder 11 is inserted between both shaft support plates 15, and the shaft support plate 15 and the bucket cylinder 11 are swingably connected by a pin 16.

A slightly triangular fixing tool 17 is fixed to the tip of the inner arm 7 and close to the link 9, and a flat shape is provided between the fixing tool 17 and the slider 13. An interlocking bar 18 as a synchronizing body is interposed.

Then, from the lower end of the tip of the inner arm 7, the wire 79 U
A hook body 83 having a hook 84 is suspended at the lower end of the wire 79, which has a U shape. The wire 79 is wound around the inner arm 7 and the outer arm 5, and one end of the wire 79 is pulled out from the rear end opening of the outer arm 5 and wound around the drum 76 of the hoisting mechanism 78. .

Next, FIG. 2 is a side view of the outer arm 5 in this embodiment, showing an interlocking mechanism. Further, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the outer arm 5 showing a mechanism for lifting the hook body 83 which is a crane mechanism, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of the outer arm 5. Further, FIG. 5 shows the interlocking mechanism in this embodiment,
It shows the state of the wire around the suspension mechanism,
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

At the center of the inside of the inner arm 7, a hydraulic cylinder 20 for expansion and contraction is inserted so as to be parallel to the lengthwise direction,
The base of the hydraulic cylinder 20 is at the rear end of the outer arm 5 (second
(Fig. 3, right side in Fig. 3), hydraulic cylinder 20
The cylinder rod 21 is connected to the center of the inner surface of the inner arm 7.

Next, small rollers 22 and 23 for rolling are pivotally supported on the upper and lower surfaces of the outer arm 5 so that the inner arm 7 can move smoothly with respect to the outer arm 5 by these rollers 22 and 23. Held in. Further, at the rear end of the outer arm 5 and at the left and right positions thereof, sprocket wheels 24 and 25 as first wheels, half of which are exposed on the upper surface of the outer arm 5, are pivotally supported. Sprocket wheels as second wheels are provided on both sides of the inner surface of the arm 5 and on both sides of the outer surface of the inner arm 7.
26 and 27 are held so as to be pivotally supported by the outer arm 5. The tip of the chain 28 serving as a connecting band is connected to the rear end of the slider 13, and the chain 28 is inverted by the sprocket wheel 24, so that the outer arm 5
It is inserted between the inner arm 7 and the inner arm 7, extends in the direction of the bucket 8 and is inverted by the sprocket wheel 26, and its rear end is connected to the rear end of the inner arm 7. Further, a chain 29 as a connecting band is connected to the rear end of the slider 13, and then the chain 29 is reversed by the sprocket wheel 25, inserted between the outer arm 5 and the inner arm 7, and extended in the bucket 8 direction. , The sprocket wheel 27 is inverted, and the rear end is connected to the rear end of the inner arm 7.

Next, the winding mechanism 78 includes a drum 76 around which the wire 79 is wound and a hydraulic motor 77 that drives the drum 76. A shaft support plate 75 is fixed to the upper surface of the rear end of the outer arm 5 with a space therebetween, and a drum 76 is rotatably supported between the shaft support plates 75. A hydraulic motor 77 is mounted on the upper surface of the rear end of the outer arm 5 so as to approach the shaft support plate 75, and the drum 76 is driven and rotated by the hydraulic motor 77. A wire 79 is wound around the outer periphery of the drum 76, and the wire 79 is guided inside the outer arm 5 by a pulley 80 pivotally supported on the rear end of the outer arm 5.

Inside the outer arm 5, there is a pulley at the rear.
81 is pivotally supported, and a wire hook 87 is fixed near the lower surface of the inner arm of the outer arm 5. Further, a first pulley 82 and a second pulley 85 are axially supported vertically at the tip of the inside of the inner arm 7, and a reversing first pulley 82 and a second pulley 85 are provided below the rear end of the inner arm 7. A pulley 86 of 3 is pivotally supported. The wire 79 guided by the pulley 80 contacts the outer periphery of the pulley 81 and is guided in parallel inside the inner arm 7, and the wire 79 contacts the upper surface of the pulley 82 and is directed downward. Then, the hook body 83 is wound around the wire 79 hanging downward from the tip of the inner arm 7,
The wire 79 inverted by the hook body 83 is then directed upward and guided into the inner arm 7. This wire
79 is directed to the rear of the inner arm 7 by contacting the upper surface of the pulley 85 in the inner arm 7, and is reversed by contacting the outer periphery of the pulley 86 at the rear end of the inner arm 7, and the wire 79 is pulled out. It is guided to the gap between the arm 5 and the inner arm 7. The tip of the wire 79 thus guided is connected to the wire hook 87, and the wire 79 is held in a state of being pulled by the drum 76 and the wire hook 87. In this way, the wire 79 pulled out from the outer circumference of the drum 76 is circulated around the inside of the outer arm 5 and the inner arm 7, and has a useless length so that the entire wire is S-shaped.

Next, the configuration around the slider 13 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.

The outer arm 5 is composed of a body portion 55 formed by bending a steel plate into a U shape, and a roof portion 56 fixed so as to close an opening on the upper surface of the body portion 55. The left and right end portions of the roof portion 56 slightly project from the side surfaces of the body portion 55, and the roof portion 56
The left and right ends of the slider 13 are combined so that the slider 13 does not drop.

This slider 13 is composed of a slightly H-shaped main body 30 whose center width is set to be the same as the width of the outer arm 5,
The lower surface of the main body 30 has a sliding body formed of reinforced synthetic resin or the like.
57 is fixed, and the lower surface of the sliding body 57 is the roof portion 56.
The sliding body 57 allows the slider 13 to slide smoothly. The shaft support plate 15 is fixed in parallel to the center of the upper surface of the main body 30 at intervals, and the base of the bucket cylinder 11 is inserted between the shaft support plates 15. Also, flat plate-shaped mounting plates 58 and 59 are fixed to the left and right sides of the main body 30, and the guide plates 31 that engage with the ends of the roof portion 56 are attached to the mounting plates 58 and 59, respectively. , 32 are fixed with screws 60, 61.

Inside the lower parts of the guide bodies 31, 32, concave portions 62, 63 formed in a U-shape are provided, and L-shaped sliding bodies 64, 65 formed of reinforced synthetic resin or the like are formed on the inner walls of the concave portions 62, 63. It is fitted. The sliding bodies 64, 65 can guide the slider 13 while contacting the end of the roof portion 56. Then, the slider 13 is covered by the guide members 31 and 32.
56, that is, it can be moved so as not to come off the upper surface of the outer arm 5. A connecting hole 33 is horizontally opened at the center of the main body 30 so as to be perpendicular to the length direction, and joint holes 6 are formed on the left and right sides of the connecting hole 33 in parallel.
6 and 67 are opened.

Next, the interlocking bar 18 will be described.
Is formed of, for example, a thin metal band having high rigidity, and fixing screws 34 and 35 for applying tension to the front end and the rear end of the interlocking bar 18 are fixed by welding or the like. The fixing screw 35 is inserted into the connecting hole 33, and the main body 30
At the rear part, nuts 37, 38 are doubled and screwed and fixed. Further, the fixing screw 34 is fixed to the fixing portion 17
It is inserted into a fixing hole 39 opened in the vertical surface of the nut, and nuts 40 and 41 are double tightened and fixed to the fixing screw 34. In this way, the connecting bar
18 is a fixing part 17 and a slider by these fixing screws 34 and 35.
The distance between the nuts 37 and 3 can be adjusted.
The pulling force can be freely set by adjusting 8, 40 and 41 respectively.

In addition, long screws 6 are attached to the tips of the chains 28 and 29, respectively.
8 and 69 are connected, the long screw 68 is inserted into the joint hole 66, and a nut 70 is doubled and fixed by screwing at the front portion of the main body 30. Similarly,
The long screw 69 is inserted into the joint hole 67, and the main body 30
The nut 71 is doubled and screwed and fixed at the front part of the.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

[Excavation Work Using Bucket 8] The crawler 2 is driven to move the vehicle body 1 to a location where a groove or hole is to be dug down. Then, adjust the bucket 8 to the position where you want to dig, and then press the hydraulic cylinders 4, 6, 11
The bucket 8 can be rocked by operating so as to cooperate with each other, and the bucket 8 can excavate the earth and sand. This operation is the same as that of the conventional excavator.

Next, in order to deepen the hole or groove to be dug, the bucket 8
Must be controlled to move to a deeper position. In this case, the hydraulic cylinder 20 is operated and the cylinder rod 21 is pushed out. Then, as the hydraulic cylinder 20 and the cylinder rod 21 extend, the inner arm 7 is pushed out of the outer arm 5 and changes from FIG. 8 to FIG. 9 so that the inner arm 7 slides from the outer arm 5. . Therefore, since the bucket 8 moves to a position longer than the base of the outer arm 5, the bucket 8 can be dug down to a deep position.

During this operation, when the inner arm 7 moves with respect to the outer arm 5, the interlocking bar 18 fixed to the tip of the inner arm 7
Means pulling the slider 13 and moving the slider 13 in the length direction on the upper surface of the outer arm 5. When the slider 13 is moved, the guide bodies 31 and 32 fixed to the left and right of the main body 30 guide the left and right sides of the outer arm 5 by contacting the side surfaces thereof. Does not come off from the top surface. Further, since the interlocking bar 18 does not extend its length, as long as it is pulled by the fixture 17, the slider 13
Will move in synchronization with the movement of the inner arm 7 and the movement amount thereof.

In this way, when the hydraulic cylinder 20 is actuated and the cylinder rod 21 is pushed out, the inner arm 7 is pushed out by the outer arm 5, but the bucket cylinder 11 is moved at the same time in synchronization with the sliding amount. Since the angle of is moved while being held at the same angle, it can be operated without any discomfort during the excavation operation.

When pulling up the earth and sand excavated by the bucket 8, the hydraulic cylinder 20 is first operated to reduce the cylinder rod 21. Then, the inner arm 7 is pulled inward of the outer arm 5. At this time,
Since the chains 28, 29 are connected to the rear part of the inner arm 7, the chains 28, 29 are pulled toward the base of the outer arm 5, and the chains 28, 29 are sprocket wheels 26, 27.
The slider 13 is turned upside down, and then turned upside down by the sprocket wheels 24 and 25 and pulled, and the slider 13 is pulled up toward the upper end of the outer arm 5.

Therefore, similarly to the above, at the same time that the inner arm 7 moves, the bucket cylinder 11 also moves at the same speed by synchronizing the movement amount. Therefore, the bucket 8 is pulled up with the holding angle kept the same, so that the excavated earth and sand is not dropped. After that, the hydraulic cylinders 4 and 6 and the bucket cylinder 11 are operated in cooperation with each other, so that the earth and sand excavated by the bucket 8 is transferred to a truck waiting at the rear of the vehicle body 1 or moved to another place. Can be changed.

[Hanging Operation of Hook Body 83 by Hook 84] Next, a description will be given of the operation of suspending a heavy object on the hook 84 provided on the hook body 83 and burying or lifting it.

First, by driving the hydraulic motor 77 to rotate the drum 76 (clockwise rotation in FIGS. 2, 3, and 5).
Gradually loosen the wrapped wire 79. Therefore, the wire 79 is pulled out from the tip of the inner arm 7 by the weight of the hook body 83 and the hook 84, and the hook body 83 descends from the inner arm 7. At this time, wire 79 is pulley 8
It is pulled out sequentially while coming into contact with the outer periphery of 0, 81, 82 (the inner arm 7 is not in the extension operation, so the pulley
85 and 86 do not rotate).

If the hook 84 descends to a proper height (the angle of the boom 3 and the outer arm 5 is not changed), the hook 84
Move the hook 84 close to the heavy object to be lifted, and sling the hook 84. Then, the hydraulic motor 77 is driven in the opposite direction to the above to rotate the drum 76 in the opposite direction (see FIG. 2,
The operation of winding the wire 79 is carried out. Then, the wire 79 is connected to the pulleys 80, 8
The hook body 8
3 rises, and at the same time, the heavy object slung on the hook 84 is lifted together with the hook body 83.

[Expanding / contracting operation while suspending a heavy object on the hook body 83] Now, as described above, when the heavy object is suspended by hanging on the hook 84, the position of the heavy object can be moved horizontally. There is. With this operation, the angles of the boom 3 and the outer arm 5 can be controlled and moved in the front-back direction.
In this embodiment, the position can also be changed by extending and contracting the inner arm 7 with respect to the outer arm 5.

First, as described above, when the hydraulic cylinder 20 is operated to extend while the heavy object is suspended on the hook 84, the cylinder rod 21 extends and the inner arm 7 is pushed out from the outer arm 5. That is, from the state of FIG.
It will move to the state of the figure.

In FIG. 10, the hook body 83 is suspended by the wire 79, one end of the wire 79 is wound around the drum 76, and the other end of the wire 79 is fixed to the wire hook 87. If the inner arm 7 extends as it is, the pulley
The wire 79 that is in contact with 82 is stopped at that position because the drum 76 is stopped, and the hook body is relatively
It acts in the direction to pull up the wire 79 from 83. Therefore, a part of the wire 79 is pulled inward from the tip of the inner arm 7.

However, at the same time when the inner arm 7 extends,
The pulley 86 pivotally supported at the rear end of the pulley is also moving forward in synchronization, and the distance between the wire hook 87 and the pulley 86 is shortened, so the shortened length of the wire 79 is reduced to the pulleys 86, 85.
It is pulled out in the direction of the hook body 83 while rotating. In other words, the pulling-in of the wire 79 toward the pulley 82 and the pulling-out of the wire 79 from the pulley 85 are synchronized, and the moving amounts of the wire 79 for feeding and returning by the both are the same. Such pulling force of the wire 79 is performed by the weight of the hook body 83 and the weight of the heavy object.

In this way, the pulling speed for pulling up the hook body 83 by the pulley 82 and the speed for feeding the excess wire 79 by the pulley 86 become the same, and the inner arm 7
The distance from the lower surface of the to the hook body 83 is always kept constant. Therefore, even if the state in which the inner arm 7 is housed in the outer arm 5 as shown in FIG. 10 is changed to the state in which the inner arm 7 is pulled out from the outer arm 5 as shown in FIG. 11, the hook body 83 The height position of the wire does not change, and the operator does not need to adjust the slack of the wire 79.

〔effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the outer arm is connected to the tip of the boom, the inner arm is slidably inserted in the lengthwise direction of the outer arm, and the bucket is connected to the inner arm. Is. Therefore, in excavation work, the bucket can reach a deeper position by expanding and contracting the inner arm with respect to the outer arm. Since the crane mechanism is suspended from the tip of the inner arm, the heavy object can be suspended by the crane mechanism, and the heavy object can be safely suspended within the safety standard range. Therefore, one excavator can share the work of excavation and the work of suspending heavy objects, and there is no need to prepare two different types of vehicles for different purposes at the work site, improving work efficiency. To do.

Further, the hook mechanism is suspended from the tip of the inner arm by a wire, and this wire is inserted from the rear part of the inner arm and pulled out from the tip of the inner arm. Then, after the hook mechanism is wound around the wire, the wire enters the inside of the inner arm again, and after being inverted at the rear end of the inner arm, the end of the wire is connected to the inside of the outer arm. With this configuration, even if the inner arm is slid with respect to the outer arm, the wire slack in the inner arm is pulled out as the inner arm slides, and is pulled in at the same time. Therefore, the hanging length of the wire suspended from the tip of the inner arm does not change, and the distance between the hook body and the lower portion of the inner arm is always constant. For this reason,
When trying to move the hook body horizontally by expanding and contracting the inner arm, the work of separately adjusting the hanging length of the wire becomes unnecessary.

And since the winding mechanism for winding the wire is attached to the rear end of the outer arm, the moment load applied to the outer arm does not become large, there is no need to strengthen the entire outer arm, and the hanging load also becomes large. can do.

Further, a slider is movably provided outside the outer arm, and a hydraulic cylinder is interposed between the slider and the bucket. The front side of the slider is connected to the tip of the inner arm by a synchronous body, and the rear side of the slider is connected to one end of the S-shaped connecting band inside the outer arm, and the other end of the connecting band is It is connected to the outer arm.
Therefore, the rear portion of the hydraulic cylinder that rotates the bucket is moved by the slider, and the slider can be reliably moved back and forth in the length direction of the outer arm by the synchronizing body and the connecting band.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of an excavator showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing an outer arm and an inner arm, and FIG.
The figure is a side sectional view of the same as above, FIG. 4 is a plan view of the same as above, FIG. 5 is a skeleton diagram showing a wire turning state in an outer arm and an inner arm, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the synchronizing mechanism, FIG. 8 is a side sectional view showing a state in which the inner arm is retracted to the outer arm to shorten its length, and FIG. 9 is the inner arm of the same. Is pushed out of the outer arm to maximize its total length, a side sectional view showing the same, FIG. 10 is a side sectional view showing the operation of pulling the inner arm into the outer arm and lifting it, and FIG. It is a side sectional view showing the operation of pushing out from an arm and lifting it. 1 ... Body, 3 ... Boom, 5 ... Outer arm, 7 ... Inner arm, 8 ... Bucket, 11 ... Bucket cylinder,
13 ...... Slider, 17 ...... Fixture, 18 ...... Interlocking bar as synchronous body, 24, 25 ...... Sprocket wheel as first wheel, 26,27 ...... Sprocket wheel as second wheel, 28 , 29 …… Chain as connecting band, 30 …… Main body, 35,36 …… Fixing screw, 37,38 …… Nut, 40 …… Connecting body as synchronizing body, 76 …… Drum, 77…
… Hydraulic motor, 78 …… Winding mechanism, 79 …… Wire,
80, 81 ... pulley, 82 ... first pulley, 85 ... second pulley, 86 ... third pulley, 83 ... crane body hook body, 84 ... hook, 87 ... wire Hanging.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A movable vehicle body, a boom connected to the vehicle body so as to be vertically swingable, an outer arm having a hollow interior connected to the boom so as to be vertically swingable, and an outer body. The inner arm inserted into the arm so that it can slide in the length direction, the bucket connected to the tip of the inner arm, the winding mechanism that winds the wire fixed to the rear end of the outer arm, and the inner arm First and second pulleys pivotally supported near the tip, and a third pulley pivotally supported near the rear end of the inner arm.
And the pulley, and is pulled out from the winding mechanism and hung downward by the first pulley, then returned to the inside of the inner arm by the second pulley, inverted by the third pulley, and then its tip is placed inside the outer arm. An excavator with a crane, comprising: a wire connected to a wire; and a hook body that is hung on a wire suspended in a U shape by a first pulley and a second pulley. 2. A movable vehicle body, a boom connected to the vehicle body so as to be vertically swingable, an outer arm having a hollow interior connected to the boom so as to be vertically swingable, and an outer body. An inner arm slidably inserted into the arm, a bucket connected to the tip of the inner arm, a hydraulic cylinder for expansion and contraction interposed between the outer arm and the inner arm, and an outer arm A slider that can move in the length direction outside of the, a hydraulic cylinder interposed between the bucket and the slider, a synchronizing body that connects the vicinity of the tip of the inner arm and the slider, and is rotatably supported at the rear of the outer arm. The first wheel, the second wheel pivotally supported on the front part of the outer arm, the tip end of which is connected to the slider and the rear end of which is connected to the rear end of the inner arm, and the first wheel and the second wheel On the wheel With crane excavator, characterized in that it is composed of a crane mechanism comprising a connecting band with wound softness, a hook mechanism suspended from the tip of the arm lifting heavy object shape. 3. A movable vehicle body, a boom connected to the vehicle body so as to be vertically swingable, an outer arm having a hollow interior connected to the boom so as to be vertically swingable, and an outer body. An inner arm slidably inserted into the arm, a bucket connected to the tip of the inner arm, a hydraulic cylinder for expansion and contraction interposed between the outer arm and the inner arm, and an outer arm A slider that can move in the length direction outside of the, a hydraulic cylinder interposed between the bucket and the slider, a synchronizing body that connects the vicinity of the tip of the inner arm and the slider, and is rotatably supported at the rear of the outer arm. The first wheel, the second wheel pivotally supported on the front part of the outer arm, the tip end of which is connected to the slider and the rear end of which is connected to the rear end of the inner arm, and the first wheel and the second wheel On the wheel A flexible coupling band wound in a letter shape, a winding mechanism for winding the wire fixed to the rear end of the outer arm, first and second pulleys pivotally supported near the tip of the inner arm, A third pulley pivotally supported near the rear end of the inner arm and a third pulley that is pulled out from the hoisting mechanism and hangs downward by the first pulley, and then returned to the inside of the inner arm by the second pulley, After being inverted by the pulley, the tip of the wire is connected to the outer arm inside,
An excavator with a crane, comprising: and a hook body suspended from a wire suspended in a U shape by a second pulley. 4. A first wheel is rotatably supported on both sides of the rear part of the outer arm, and a second wheel is rotatably supported on both sides of the front part of the outer arm, and the tips of the two connecting bands are respectively connected to sliders. 4. The excavator with a crane according to claim 2, wherein the rear end of each connecting belt is connected to the rear portion of the inner arm, and each connecting belt is wound around each wheel in an S shape. 5. The excavator with a crane according to claim 2, 3 or 3, wherein the first and second wheels are sprocket wheels and the connecting band is a chain. 6. The both sides of the upper surface of the outer arm are projected to the left and right,
In addition, it is formed as a guide edge that extends in the length direction of the outer arm.On both sides of the slider, guides with U-shaped cross sections facing each opening are fixed, and each guide is attached to each guide edge. The excavator with a crane according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the slider is regulated so as to move only in a length direction of the outer arm by fitting them together.