JPH0751856B2 - Active vibration control system for structures - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an active vibration control system for reducing the response of a structure to an external vibration force such as an earthquake or wind.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The applicant has incorporated variable rigidity elements (seismic elements) in the form of braces, walls, etc. in the column beam structure of a structure.
The rigidity of the variable rigidity element itself, or the connection state between the frame body and the variable rigidity element is made variable, and the characteristics of the vibration external force such as earthquakes and winds are analyzed by a computer, and the rigidity of the structure becomes non-resonant. A variety of active vibration control systems, variable stiffness structures, etc. have been developed for changing the safety of structures (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 62-268479 and 6-1987).
3-114770, JP-A-63-114771, etc.).

Further, various active vibration control systems have been proposed in consideration of non-resonance and damping of a structure by using a hydraulic vibration control device having a variable damping coefficient. 2-209568-71).

Further, as a vibration control device which can be used in these active vibration control systems, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2-37992.
Cylinder lock device of JP-A-2-289769
There is a variable damping device for seismic control structures.

The basic principle of the cylinder lock device is as follows.
Hydraulic chambers are provided on both sides of both rod-shaped pistons in the cylinder body, and the pistons are fixed or movable by closing or flowing the pressure oil in both hydraulic chambers by a switching valve.

When the cylinder lock device is used in an active vibration control system, a variable stiffness element is provided in a column beam frame of a structure, and one of the column beam frame and the variable stiffness element (or between variable stiffness elements) is provided. Connect the cylinder body and the rod to the other. When the switching valve is fully opened, the pressure oil is substantially free to move, and the damping coefficient of the cylinder lock device has a minimum value _cmin . At this time, the relative movement between the beam structure and the variable rigidity element is also substantially free. When the switching valve is closed, the pressure oil does not substantially move (it is not necessary to completely close the oil), and the damping coefficient of the cylinder lock device has the maximum value c _max . At this time, the beam structure and the variable rigidity element are substantially fixed or almost fixed. Further, the variable damping device is adapted to adjust the opening degree of the switching valve in the cylinder lock device, and the damping coefficient of the device can be changed in multiple steps or steplessly.

As another active type vibration control system, a weight that is movable relative to the building is provided, and the vibration of the weight is controlled by controlling the vibration of the weight with a hydraulic actuator or the like interposed between the building and the weight. There is a vibration control system using an active dynamic vibration reducer that reduces the response (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-275866).
Further, JP-A-63-297673 describes a passive type dynamic vibration reducer in which a stationary roof on a building body is used as a weight of the dynamic vibration reducer.

[0008]

By the way, in the conventional active type and passive type dynamic vibration absorbers, the weight of the structure is 1-2.
Weights of the order of% are often used. But,
In that case, the amount of movement of the weight becomes large, and in the active dynamic vibration absorber, a large stroke is required for the actuator, and it is difficult to deal with a large earthquake even if it is possible to deal with a small earthquake or the like.

According to the present invention, the weight of the uppermost layer of the structure is regarded as the weight of the active dynamic vibration absorber, and its movement is controlled by the variable damping device described above, so that the response of the building to the external vibration force such as an earthquake can be effectively obtained. The purpose is to reduce the amount of electricity.

[0010]

In the active vibration control system of the present invention, the weight of the uppermost layer of the structure (including the roof floor or the penthouse floor) is regarded as the weight of the active dynamic vibration reducer, By controlling the movement of the top layer relative to the layer, the response of the structure to external vibration forces is reduced.

In order to utilize the weight of the uppermost layer as a weight,
For example, the uppermost layer is supported by pins on the stigmas of the layers below it, or the uppermost layer is supported by seismic isolation rubber or a seismic isolation bearing using a material with a small friction coefficient such as Teflon, and the uppermost layer is It should be in a state that it is easily displaced horizontally with respect to the layers.

As means for controlling the movement of the uppermost layer, a variable damping device having a variable damping coefficient as described in the section of the prior art is provided between the uppermost layer and the layers below it. The variable damping device can be controlled via a computer or the like based on the response of the structure or input seismic motion obtained by a sensor or the like that is connected in the horizontal direction.

The above is the case of mainly reducing the response in the horizontal direction. For example, in addition to a normal laminated rubber type seismic isolation rubber, a spring means such as an air spring for giving a predetermined elasticity in the vertical direction is used. By using the variable damping device in combination with the vertical direction, the response in the vertical direction of the structure and the response in the form of bending deformation can be reduced. Further, as the seismic isolation rubber, one having a small number of steel plates between laminated rubbers and having a large elasticity in the vertical direction can be used.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The illustrated embodiment will be described below.

FIG. 1 shows a method for supporting the uppermost layer and a variable damping device 1 in an embodiment when the present invention is applied to a high-rise building.
FIG. 5 schematically shows the relationship with the entire building. In the figure, 31 is a pillar, 32 is a beam, 33 is an inverted V-shaped brace, 34 is a rooftop floor (represented by weight), and 35 is a penthouse floor.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the top of the uppermost floor (23rd floor) of a 23-story high-rise building has pin 36 joints, and the roof floor 3
The uppermost layer consisting of 4 and the penthouse floor 35 has a structure in which it is easy to shake for floors below it. In addition, it is preferable to match the natural period of only the uppermost layer with the natural period of the layers below it. The variable damping device 1 is installed between the uppermost layer and the inverted V-shaped brace 33 that is the seismic resistant element on the lower floor (23rd floor). By controlling the damping coefficient of the variable damping device 1 with a computer or the like, As an active dynamic vibration absorber, it is possible to reduce the response of the building to external vibration forces such as an earthquake.

That is, the weight M _R of the rooftop floor 34 and the weight M _P of the penthouse floor 35 function as a weight of the active dynamic vibration absorber, and the variable damping device 1 functions as an actuator of the active dynamic vibration absorber.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the weight of the uppermost layer is supported by the seismic isolation rubber 37 so that the horizontal displacement of the weight can be increased regardless of the interlayer displacement of the uppermost layer. This facilitates matching the natural period of the weight with the natural period of the lower structure without increasing the interlayer displacement between the uppermost floor and the rooftop floor 34.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a seismic isolation rubber 37 is used inside the building and an air spring 38 is used outside the building as a device for supporting the weight of the uppermost layer. In addition to this, the variable damping device 1 ′ can be installed in the vertical direction on the outer peripheral column to control the weight of the uppermost layer against the vertical response or bending deformation of the structure and reduce those responses.

6 to 10 show an example of the variable damping device 1. The main body of the device is, as shown in the hydraulic circuit diagram of FIG. 6, the left and right sides of a piston 3 of a double rod type which reciprocates in a cylinder 2. By providing a hydraulic chamber 6 in the left and right, and by closing or flowing the pressure oil in the left and right hydraulic chambers 6 by a valve,
The piston 3 is fixed or movable left and right.

Then, one of the cylinder 2 and the rod 4 is connected to the uppermost layer of the structure, and the other is connected to the column beam frame or the seismic resistant element of the lower layer.

The left and right hydraulic chambers 6 are respectively provided with an outflow prevention check valve 8 for preventing the pressure oil from flowing out of the hydraulic chamber 6 and an inflow prevention check valve 9 for preventing the pressure oil from flowing into the hydraulic chamber 6. An inflow passage 10 for connecting the left and right outflow prevention check valves 8 and an outflow passage 11 for connecting the left and right inflow prevention check valves 9 are provided along the main body of the cylinder 2. There is.

These inflow channel 10 and outflow channel 1
A flow rate adjusting valve 12 is provided at the connecting position of 1, and the damping coefficient c of the variable damping device 1 can be adjusted by changing the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 12.

As shown in FIG. 6, the flow rate adjusting valve 12 has an inlet port 15 and an outlet port 16 at one end side of the valve body,
Large flow rate switching valve 12a having a back pressure port 17 on the other end side
And a shut-off valve 12b capable of controlling the outflow of pressure oil to the back pressure port 17. In response to a command from the computer 14, the shut-off valve 12b opens and closes, and the large flow rate switching valve 12a operates accordingly.
The opening degree of a and the damping coefficient of the device according to the opening degree are adjusted and controlled.

The variable damping device 1 can be conceptually simplified as shown in FIG. 7. For example, the flow rate adjusting valve 12 is completely closed and the flow rate adjusting valve 12 is completely opened. If only the free state is controlled, it becomes a variable rigidity device that changes the rigidity of the frame body. However, by adjusting the opening of the flow rate adjusting valve 12, the connected state between the completely locked state and the completely free state can be obtained. By finely adjusting, it is possible to give various damping coefficients c, change the connection state between the uppermost layer and the lower layer, and control the movement of the uppermost layer.

As the shut-off valve 12b, for example, a PWM valve with pulse width modulation control, an electromagnetic proportional valve with an opening proportional to the current value, or the like is used.

When the shut-off valve 12b is an electromagnetic proportional valve, the opening of the electromagnetic proportional valve, that is, the back pressure of the large flow rate switching valve 12a is analogically controlled by the control signal of the computer 14, and the back pressure at that time is controlled. Large flow rate switching valve 1 according to
The opening degree of 2a is adjusted, and the damping coefficient c in that state is given.

The inflow passage 10 or the outflow passage 1
1, an accumulator 19 is provided for the purpose of compensating for volume change due to compression of hydraulic oil and temperature change.

The operating state of the variable damping device 1 described above will be described below.

When the flow rate adjusting valve opening shut-off valve 12b is open, the piston 3 in FIG.
By the leftward movement, the pressure oil in the left hydraulic chamber 6 pushes up the large flow rate switching valve 12a through the inflow prevention check valve 9 and the outflow passage 11.

Since the left outflow prevention check valve 8 and the right inflow prevention check valve 9 are closed by pressure oil, the inflow passage 10 and the right outflow prevention check valve 8 are provided.
The pressure oil from the large flow rate switching valve 12a flows through the. As a result, pressure oil flows from the left hydraulic chamber 6 to the right hydraulic chamber 6, and the piston 3 moves leftward due to an external force.

Even when the piston 3 moves to the right, it operates symmetrically, and the piston 3 moves to the left due to an external force.

When the shutoff valve 12b is closed and the external force in the left direction is applied to the piston 3, the hydraulic pressure up to the large flow rate switching valve 12a rises and the valve body of the large flow rate switching valve 12a is pushed up. However, since the shutoff valve 12b shuts off the bypass passage 18 and receives the hydraulic pressure in the back pressure port 17,
The large flow rate switching valve 12a is also fixed in the closed state, and the movement of the piston 3 is blocked. The same applies when an external force in the right direction is applied to the piston 3.

By controlling the flow control valve half-open shutoff valve 12b with a pulse or by using an electromagnetic proportional valve as the shutoff valve 12b, an intermediate state of the above can be obtained, and the large flow switching valve 1
2a is in a half-open state. In this half-opened state, the pressure oil moves as in the open state of the flow rate adjusting valve, but a resistance force corresponding to the back pressure is received, and the shutoff valve 12b.
By adjusting the back pressure by controlling the above, and maintaining or changing the opening degree of the large flow rate switching valve 12a to a predetermined opening degree, the damping force can be given to the external force acting on the piston 3.

8 to 10 show an example of the external appearance of the variable damping device 1 described above, in which the piston rod 4 projects from the cylinder 2 main body to the left and right, and a part of the oil passage is formed in the upper part of the cylinder 2 main body. Then, the flow rate adjusting valve 12 is provided in this portion, and an accumulator 19 having a required capacity is installed in close proximity to this. In the figure, reference numeral 22 is a support shaft for installation in the structure. Further, in this example, the flow rate adjusting valve 12 and the accumulator 19 are provided on the upper part of the device, but they may be provided on the side part of the device depending on the installation space.

The variable damping device 1 is variously designed according to the scale, installation position, number, etc. of the target structure. As an example, for example, the maximum load is 100 tf and the rated pressure is 315 kgf / cm.
² , stroke ± 50mm (horizontal displacement of one frame is ± 5
Designed to be less than or equal to cm.

[0037]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Compared to a normal active type dynamic vibration absorber in which an additional mass is newly provided on the roof of a structure, by directly using the weight of the uppermost layer, the load is not increased and the total weight of the building is reduced to 1%. Since a relatively small weight can be used, a sufficient response reduction effect can be obtained even with a small stroke.

Further, by controlling the weight with a variable damping device that can be driven with a small amount of electric power, it is possible to exert an effect from a wind or central earthquake to a large earthquake.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a method of supporting a top layer and an arrangement of a variable damping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a method of supporting the uppermost layer and an arrangement of a variable damping device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a method of supporting the uppermost layer and an arrangement of a variable damping device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a planar arrangement of a bearing and a variable damping device corresponding to the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an entire building when the present invention is applied.

FIG. 6 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing an example of a variable damping device used in the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of the variable damping device.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing an appearance of the variable damping device.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing an appearance of the variable damping device.

FIG. 10 is a right side view showing the outer appearance of the variable damping device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Variable damping device, 2 ... Cylinder, 3 ... Piston, 4
... piston rod, 6 ... hydraulic chamber, 8 ... outflow prevention check valve, 9 ... inflow prevention check valve, 10 ... inflow passage,
11 ... Outflow channel, 12 ... Flow rate adjusting valve, 12a ... Large flow rate switching valve, 12b ... Shut-off valve, 13 ... Pulse generator, 14 ... Computer, 15 ... Inlet port, 16 ...
Outlet port, 17 ... Back pressure port, 18 ... Bypass flow path,
19 ... Accumulator, 20 ... Solenoid, 21 ... Aperture, 22 ... Spindle, 31 ... Pillar, 32 ... Beam, 33 ... Inverted V-shaped brace, 34 ... Rooftop floor, 35 ... Penthouse floor, 36
… Pins, 37… Seismic isolation rubber, 38… Air springs

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Katsura Ogasawara Katsura Ogasawara, 192-1 Tobita, Chofu, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Kurata, Adult 2-7 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo No. Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A 63-46551 (JP, A) JP-A 2-157368 (JP, A) JP-A 4-64743 (JP, A)

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. The weight of the uppermost layer of the structure is regarded as the weight of the active dynamic vibration absorber, and the uppermost layer is supported in a state in which it is easily displaced in the horizontal direction with respect to the layers below it, and The layers below are connected in the horizontal direction via a variable damping device with a variable damping coefficient, the damping coefficient of the variable damping device is changed, and the movement of the uppermost layer when an external vibration force acts An active vibration control system for a structure, characterized in that the response of the structure to the external vibration force is reduced by controlling. 2. The pin supporting the uppermost layer.
Active damping system for the structures described. 3. The active vibration control system for a structure according to claim 1, wherein the uppermost layer is supported by a base isolation rubber. 4. A variable damping device in which the uppermost layer is supported in a state where it is easily displaced in the vertical direction with respect to the lower layers and the damping coefficient between the uppermost layer and the lower layers is variable. Also in the vertical direction by changing the damping coefficient of the variable damping device and controlling the movement of the uppermost layer when an external vibration force acts, thereby responding in the vertical direction of the structure to the external vibration force or The active vibration control system for a structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein bending deformation is also reduced. 5. The active control system for a structure according to claim 4, wherein the uppermost layer is supported by a seismic isolation rubber for allowing horizontal displacement and an air spring for allowing vertical displacement. Quake system.