JPH0752048B2 - Heat pump with heating tower - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application] [Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a heat pump with a heating tower that collects heat from air using an antifreeze liquid.

"Prior Art" Heat pumps with a heating tower that collect heat from air using antifreeze require air as the heat source for heating in winter. When comparing this with a general-purpose air heat source heat pump that also requires air as a heat source, (1) In the air heat exchanger of the general-purpose air heat source heat pump, frost and icing occur on the heat exchange surface, resulting in a reduction in capacity. Although inconveniences such as power increase occur, this inconvenience does not occur in the heat pump with heating tower.

(2) In general-purpose air heat source heat pumps, it is generally necessary to use high-pressure gas refrigerant because of the amount of refrigerant circulation gas, but in a heat pump refrigerator with a heating tower, low-pressure refrigerant Freon R11 is also used. It is possible and has the advantages of equipment safety, easy handling, and energy saving.

(3) When a refrigerant pipe is routed inside a building by an air heat source heat pump, there are drawbacks such as refrigerant wear due to leakage and unsafety due to leakage, but the heat pump with heating tower does not have this concern.

And so on.

In the conventional heat pump with heating tower that collects heat from the air using antifreeze liquid, the antifreeze liquid circulation system is a closed circuit, and when the summer heating tower is used as a cooling tower, the antifreeze liquid circulation circuit that stores and stores the antifreeze liquid is stored. 2. Description of the Related Art There is an external antifreeze solution tank which replaces the antifreeze solution outside the antifreeze solution circulation circuit with the antifreeze solution circulation circuit when the winter heat pump cycle is operated.

"Problems to be solved by the invention" However, the concentration of the antifreeze liquid circulating in the antifreeze liquid circulation circuit fluctuates, the antifreeze liquid freezes, the antifreeze liquid overflows to the outside due to an increase in the amount of the antifreeze liquid, and it is necessary to replenish the antifreeze liquid by decreasing the antifreeze liquid, It is feared that inconvenience such as cavitation of the pump due to the progress of concentration will occur.

However, according to the theory and verification test results of this heat pump with heating tower, (1) the antifreeze liquid is concentrated under the ambient temperature and humidity conditions and load conditions,
Changes in balance and dilution occur.

(2) Changes in the concentration of the antifreeze liquid appear as changes in the liquid level of the antifreeze liquid.

It turns out.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems based on the above consideration of a heat pump with a heating tower that collects heat from air using an antifreeze solution, and to provide a thing whose concentration can be controlled by the antifreeze solution from the amount of antifreeze solution. It is a thing.

[Structure of Invention]

"Means for Solving Problems" The first invention of the present application is a heat pump with a heating tower that uses antifreeze and collects heat from air, by providing liquid level detection means in the antifreeze tank to detect changes in the concentration of the antifreeze. A heat pump with a heating tower, characterized by detecting the change in the level of the antifreeze and controlling the concentration of the antifreeze by the amount of the antifreeze.

The second invention of the present application is a heat pump with a heating tower that uses an antifreeze liquid, is provided with a concentration device for the antifreeze liquid and a water supply device for the antifreeze liquid, and has a plurality of antifreeze liquid tanks equipped with a liquid level detection means. An antifreeze solution in the system of the heat pump antifreeze circulation circuit, provided with one antifreeze solution tank in the system of the antifreeze solution circulation circuit of the heat pump in the plurality of antifreeze solution tanks, and means for transferring the antifreeze liquid between the other antifreeze solution tanks The concentration of the antifreeze liquid in the tank is controlled by the flow rate of the antifreeze liquid using the antifreeze liquid transfer means with the antifreeze liquid tank outside the system, and the liquid level detector installed in the external antifreeze liquid tank is outside the upper and lower limit liquid level detection device. Has an overflow liquid level and an empty liquid level detection end,
A heat pump with a heating tower, characterized in that a control device for activating an antifreezing liquid concentrating device by the overflow liquid level detection and supplying a water supply to the antifreezing liquid by the empty liquid level detection is provided.

"Operation" The operation of the first invention of the present application is to estimate the concentration of the antifreeze liquid detected by the signal of the liquid level detecting means of the antifreeze liquid tank. The concentration is controlled by adjusting the amount of liquid in the antifreeze tank based on the concentration of the antifreeze liquid.

The action of the second invention of the present application is that when the level of the antifreeze liquid in the antifreeze liquid tank inside the system of the antifreeze liquid circulation circuit and the antifreeze liquid liquid outside the system of the circuit is detected, the concentrated dilution state of the antifreeze liquid is found by the combination of the antifreeze liquid liquid levels. To do. For example, when the liquid levels of the antifreeze bath in the system of the antifreeze circulation circuit and the antifreeze bath outside the system of the circuit are both low, the antifreeze is concentrated and the diluting means is activated, and when both are high, the antifreeze is diluted, When the concentration means is operated and the respective liquid levels are different, the antifreeze liquid transfer means adjusts the amount of liquid in the antifreeze tank inside and outside the system of the circulation circuit of the antifreeze liquid.

[Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First
FIG. 2 and FIG. 2 are flow sheets of a heat pump with a heating tower that uses an antifreeze liquid to collect heat from the air through the antifreeze liquid.

The heat pump cycle is the same as a heat pump with a heating tower that collects heat through an ordinary antifreeze liquid.
In summer, the heating tower acts as a cooling tower. That is, during the summer cooling, cooling water is stored in the lower water tank 6 of the cooling tower by being supplied with water from the water supply pipe 37 through the valve 29. Valve 2 as shown in Fig. 1 during cooling in summer
1,22,25,26,31,32 are closed, valves 23,24,27,28 are open (symbol C is closed, symbol 0 is open) Refrigerant is main compressor 1 It is compressed and sent to the cooling water condenser 2 where it is cooled and condensed by the heat exchanger in which the cooling water is flowing, decompressed by the expansion valve 3 and sent into the cooler 4 where the heat inside it is cooled. The flow in the exchanger cools the cooling water, evaporates and is sucked into the main compressor 1.

The cooling water is sent from the lower water tank 6 by the pump 5, and the valve
It is sent to the cooling water condenser 2 via 27, takes the heat of the refrigerant, is sprayed via the valve 28 by the spreader 7 in the air flow by the fan on the upper part of the lower water tank 6 and is cooled by air, and falls to the lower water tank 6. To do.

The cooling water is pumped up from the hot and cold water tank 8 by the pump 9 and enters the cooler 4 through the valve 23 to be cooled by the refrigerant.
It returns to the cold / hot water tank 8 via 24.

This section describes the replacement of cooling water and antifreeze in the lower water tank 6. When the heat pump is used from the summer cooling state to the winter season, first, the valve 33 that can discharge the water from the lower water tank 6 is opened to drain the cooling water, and the drain in the middle of the pipe (not shown) is drained to drain the cooling water.

Next, in order to put the antifreeze liquid into the lower water tank 6 from the antifreeze liquid tank 11 provided for controlling the concentration and amount of the antifreeze liquid and storing the antifreeze liquid in the summer, close the valves 27, 28, 32 and 33 and close the valve 31 with a check valve. Then, the pump 12 is opened to pump up the antifreeze liquid in the antifreeze liquid tank 11, and the antifreeze liquid is put into the lower water tank 6 from the sprayer 7 through the valve 31. When the liquid level detector 41 provided in the lower water tank 6 detects the lower limit liquid level, the liquid level controller 42 receives the signal and stops the pump 12 after the timed operation.

When the antifreeze is drained from the lower water tank 6 when switching from the winter state (Fig. 2) to the summer cooling, the valves 21 to 28, 31, in the winter state,
At 32, valve 31 is closed and power control valve 34 is opened to pump 5
The antifreeze solution in the lower water tank 6 is removed by operating the
Can be transferred to.

When heating in winter, put the antifreeze in the lower water tank 6 as described above.
The valves 23, 24, 27, 28 are closed and the valves 21, 22, 25, 26, 31, 32 are open. During winter heating, the refrigerant is the main compressor 1 as shown in Fig. 2.
The compressed air is passed through the inoperable cooling water condenser and is sucked into the booster compressor 13. The refrigerant compressed by the booster compressor 13 is sent to the hot water condenser 14,
The water flowing through the heat exchanger in 14 is heated and reduced in pressure by the expansion valve 15 and returned to the cooling water condenser 2.

The refrigerant liquid in the cooling water condenser is further decompressed by the expansion valve 3 and recirculates to the cooler 4, cools the antifreeze liquid flowing through the cooler 4, evaporates itself, and is sucked into the main compressor 1 again.

The water sent from the cold / hot water tank 8 by the pump 9 enters the hot water condenser 14 via the valve 22, is heated, and returns to the cold / hot water tank 8 via the valve 21.

During heating, the antifreeze liquid in the lower water tank 6 is sucked into the pump 5 and sent out to enter the cooler 4 via the valve 25. The heat exchanger in the cooler 4 removes heat from the refrigerant and cools it via the valve 26. It is sprayed from the sprayer 7, heated by air, and stored in the lower water tank 6. Thus, the antifreeze circulation circuit for performing the heat pump cycle is configured.

The above-mentioned place is a heat pump with a heating tower that collects heat with a known antifreeze.

As described above, the heat pump with heating tower is provided with the lower water tank 6, the pump 5, the valve 25, the cooler 4 as the outside air side heat exchanger using the antifreeze as a cold body, the valve 26, the sprayer 7, and the pipes connecting them.

As is clear from the above description, in addition to the lower water tank 6 used as the antifreeze tank during the heat pump cycle, the antifreeze tank
11 is arranged outside the system of the antifreeze circulation circuit that performs the heat pump cycle. The antifreeze bath 11 and the antifreeze circulation circuit share some piping, but the antifreeze bath 11 and the lower water bath 6
The pipe for transmitting and receiving the antifreeze liquid between them may be independent of the antifreeze liquid circulation circuit of the heat pump cycle.

The lower water tank 6 is provided with a liquid level detector 41 as means for detecting the amount of antifreeze liquid in the antifreeze liquid circulation circuit of the heat pump cycle. The liquid level detector 41 is a sensor for detecting the upper limit liquid level in the lower water tank 6 and a lower limit liquid. A sensor for detecting the liquid level is provided, and signals for indicating the upper limit liquid level and the lower limit liquid level are emitted respectively.

The control device for controlling the amount of antifreeze liquid passing through the pipe for transmitting and receiving the antifreeze liquid by the signal detected by the means for detecting the amount of antifreeze liquid to keep the amount of antifreeze liquid in the antifreeze liquid circulation circuit constant is the liquid level detector 41 and the liquid level detector 41. And a liquid level controller 42 that controls the pumps 5 and 12 and the power control valve 34 in response to the signal.

Antifreeze liquid in heat pump cycle The antifreeze liquid in the circulation circuit has a light load, the outside air temperature is high, and the humidity is low, the water content evaporates and is concentrated, and the amount of the antifreeze liquid decreases, and the load is large, the outside air temperature is low, and the humidity is high. The amount of antifreeze increases as it absorbs the water contained therein and the concentration decreases. This increase / decrease in the amount of antifreeze liquid appears as a change in the liquid level in the lower water tank 6.

During operation of the heat pump cycle, the pump 12 is normally stopped and the power control valve 34 is closed. Now, when the liquid level of the antifreeze liquid in the lower water tank 6 is lowered due to the concentration and reaches the lower limit liquid level, the liquid level detector 41 sends a signal for detecting the lower limit liquid level to the liquid level controller 42. The liquid level controller 42 operates the pump 12 to draw up the antifreeze liquid in the antifreeze liquid tank 11 and put the antifreeze liquid from the sprayer 7 into the lower water tank 6 via the valve 31. When the liquid level in the lower water tank 6 rises, a signal indicating the lower limit liquid level from the liquid level detector 41 disappears at a liquid level slightly higher than the lower limit water level by the offset amount of the liquid level detector 41. In response to the disappearance of the signal, the liquid level controller
In 42, the pump 12 is operated in a timed manner so that the liquid level in the lower water tank 6 becomes an intermediate liquid level between the upper and lower liquid levels, and the pump 12 is stopped.

During operation of the heat pump cycle, when the liquid level of the antifreeze liquid in the lower water tank 6 rises due to water absorption dilution and reaches the upper limit liquid level, the liquid level detector sends a signal detecting the upper limit liquid level to the liquid level controller 42. The liquid level controller 42 opens the power control valve 34 to allow the antifreeze liquid to escape from the pipe between the discharge side of the pump 5 and the valve 25 of the antifreeze liquid circulation circuit to the antifreeze liquid tank 11 through the valve 32 and the power control valve 34. Thus, when the liquid level of the lower water tank 6 drops and the signal of the liquid level detector 41 disappears at a position lower than the upper limit liquid level by the offset amount of the liquid level detector 41, the liquid level is controlled by the disappearance of the signal. The device 42 opens the power control valve 34 in a timed manner to close the power control valve 34 at an intermediate liquid level between the upper and lower limit liquid levels of the lower water tank 6.

The antifreeze tank 11 is a storage tank for the antifreeze solution in the summer, but has a capacity large enough to control the liquid level of the lower water tank 6 in the winter than the capacity of the antifreeze solution in the antifreeze solution circulation circuit of the heat pump cycle.

As a result of the liquid level control of the lower water tank 6 as described above, when the liquid level of the lower water tank 6 reaches the lower limit liquid level, it is diluted with the antifreeze liquid of the antifreeze liquid tank 11 having a lower concentration in the concentrated state, and the liquid level of the lower water tank 6 becomes the upper limit. In the diluted state at the liquid level, the concentration is increased by mixing the antifreeze liquid in the antifreeze liquid tank 11 having a higher concentration, and the concentration is adjusted.

In the above description, the antifreezing liquid tank outside the antifreezing liquid circulation circuit is described as the antifreezing liquid tank that stores the antifreezing liquid during summer cooling, but the antifreezing liquid tank placed outside the antifreezing liquid circulation circuit in the above embodiment is not limited, and the antifreezing liquid during summer cooling. Antifreeze tank to store
Other than 11, the antifreeze liquid may be transferred between the independent antifreeze liquid tank and the lower water tank.

FIG. 3 is a flow sheet of another embodiment. In this embodiment, the antifreeze bath 11 is further provided with a liquid level detector 43 in the antifreeze bath 11 and a liquid level controller 44 for receiving a signal from the liquid level detector 43 in the previous embodiment.

The liquid level in the lower water tank 6 is controlled in the same manner as in the previous embodiment, so that the liquid level rises and falls between the upper limit liquid level and the lower limit liquid level in the lower water tank 6, and a substantially constant amount of antifreeze liquid is supplied to the antifreeze liquid circulation circuit of the heat pump. Is flowing. When the operation is continued in this way, the load is large, the outside air temperature is low, and the humidity is high, the liquid level in the lower water tank 6 continues to rise, and the diluted antifreeze liquid enters the antifreeze liquid tank 11 through the power control valve 34. By the antifreeze tank 11
Liquid level rises. When such a state continues, the antifreeze liquid in the antifreeze liquid circulation circuit of the heat pump cycle is significantly diluted. Contrary to the above, if the load is small, the outside air temperature is high, and the humidity is low, the liquid level in the lower water tank 6 continues to drop,
The antifreeze solution in the antifreeze solution tank 11 is supplied to the lower water tank 6 through the pump 12. When such a state is repeated, the antifreeze bath 11
The amount of the freezing point depressant such as ethylene glycol in the antifreeze liquid therein increases in the antifreeze liquid circulation circuit of the heat pump cycle, and the concentration of the antifreeze liquid proceeds, and the liquid level in the antifreeze liquid tank 11 decreases.

The upper and lower limits of the liquid level in the antifreezing liquid tank 11 are detected by the liquid level detector 43, and the liquid level controller 44 opens the power control valve 34 for the time limit and operates the pump 12 for the time limit operation. The antifreeze solution is sent from the antifreeze solution tank 11 to the lower water tank 6 by the operation of the pump 12, and the antifreeze solution in the lower water tank 6 is circulated to the antifreeze solution tank 11 by the pump 5 via the valve 32 and the power control valve 34 and the antifreeze solution circulation of the heat pump cycle. The antifreeze liquid in the circuit is circulated by being mixed with the antifreeze liquid in the antifreeze liquid tank 11 sent by the pump 12 through the pipe between the valve 26 and the sprayer 7. Thus, the pump 12 is stopped for a limited time, the power control valve
By the time 34 closes the time limit, the antifreeze solution in the antifreeze circulation circuit of the heat pump cycle including the lower water tank 6 and the concentration of the antifreeze solution in the antifreeze tank 11 are averaged and adjusted, and the antifreeze solution in the antifreeze circulation circuit of the heat pump cycle is diluted. Thickened and concentrated are diluted.

When such a state is repeated, the liquid level is detected by the liquid level detector.
If it goes up and down remarkably beyond the upper and lower limit liquid level of 43, it will cause overflow of the antifreeze liquid from the antifreeze liquid tank 11 or an undersize of the storage amount, and the antifreeze liquid will be in an extremely diluted or concentrated state.

Therefore, the liquid level detector 43 is provided with an overflow liquid level and an empty liquid level detection end outside the upper and lower limit liquid levels, and the liquid level detector 43 uses, for example, a heating antifreeze liquid concentrating device by a signal indicating the overflow liquid level. 16 is operated to concentrate the antifreeze liquid, and water is supplied to the lower water tank 6 or the antifreeze liquid tank 11 via the valve 29 through the water supply device (not shown) by a signal indicating the empty liquid level.

The situation as in this embodiment is an extreme case and there is little possibility of reaching this state, but the range of concentration control is even wider.

〔The invention's effect〕

The first invention of the present application is a heat pump with a heating tower that uses antifreeze and collects heat from air. The antifreeze tank is provided with a liquid level detecting means to detect a change in the concentration of the antifreeze by a change in the level of the antifreeze. Since it was a heat pump with a heating tower characterized by controlling the concentration by the amount of antifreeze liquid, it is possible to automatically control the concentration of antifreeze liquid to the usable range, eliminating the conventional manual concentration management which was large. This will contribute to the practical application of a heat pump with a heating tower that collects heat using an antifreeze solution while saving labor.

The second invention of the present application uses an antifreeze liquid, is provided with an antifreeze liquid concentrating device and a water supply device for the antifreeze liquid, and in a heat pump with a heating tower for collecting heat from air, a plurality of antifreeze liquid tanks provided with liquid level detection means are provided. An antifreeze tank in the system of the heat pump antifreeze circulation circuit, comprising an antifreeze tank in the system of the antifreeze circulation circuit of the heat pump in the plurality of antifreeze tanks, and an antifreeze transfer means between the other antifreeze tanks outside the system The concentration of the antifreeze liquid is controlled by the flow rate of the antifreeze liquid using the antifreeze liquid transfer means with the antifreeze liquid tank outside the system, and the liquid level detector installed in the external antifreeze liquid tank is located outside the upper and lower limit liquid level detection device. A control device is provided which has an overflow liquid level and an empty liquid level detection end, operates the concentrating device for the antifreeze liquid by detecting the overflow liquid level, and supplies water to the antifreeze liquid by detecting the empty liquid level. Since it is a heat pump with a heating tower, in addition to the effects of the first invention, the antifreeze can be concentrated in the overflow state due to the antifreeze dilution of the antifreeze tank outside the heat pump system, and the concentration of the antifreeze itself can be controlled. The heat pump can be operated in a wide range.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are flow sheets of the embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 3 is a flow sheet of another embodiment. 1 ... Main compressor, 2 ... Cooling water condenser, 3 ... Expansion valve, 4 ... Cooler, 5 ... Pump, 6 ... Lower water tank, 7
…… Sprayer, 8 …… Cold and hot water tank, 9 …… Pump, 11 …… Antifreezing liquid tank, 12 …… Pump, 13 …… Booster compressor, 14 ……
Hot water condenser, 15 ... Expansion valve, 16 ... Antifreeze concentrator, 21-29 ... Valve, 31-33 ... Valve, 34 ... Power control valve,
37 …… Water supply pipe, 41 …… Liquid level detector, 42 …… Liquid level controller,
43 …… Liquid level detector, 44 ………… Liquid level controller.

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Susumu Sakai 11-11 Haneda Asahi-cho, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside EBARA CORPORATION (72) Inventor Masaki 11-11 Haneda-Asahi-cho, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside EBARA CORPORATION (56) References Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-6472 (JP, B1) Japanese Publication No. 50-23222 (JP, B2)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A heat pump equipped with a heating tower for collecting heat from air using an antifreeze liquid, wherein an antifreeze liquid tank is provided with a liquid level detecting means to detect a change in the concentration of the antifreeze liquid by a change in the liquid level of the antifreeze liquid. A heat pump with a heating tower whose concentration is controlled by the amount of antifreeze. 2. The heat pump with a heating tower according to claim 1, wherein the antifreezing liquid storage tank whose liquid level is to be detected is a lower water tank of the heating tower. 3. A heat pump with a heating tower for collecting heat from the air, comprising a plurality of antifreeze baths, wherein the antifreeze bath is provided with a concentration device for the antifreeze bath and a water supply device for the antifreeze bath. An antifreeze tank in the system of the heat pump antifreeze circulation circuit, comprising an antifreeze tank in the system of the antifreeze circulation circuit of the heat pump in the plurality of antifreeze tanks, and an antifreeze transfer means between the other antifreeze tanks outside the system The concentration of the antifreeze liquid is controlled by the flow rate of the antifreeze liquid using the antifreeze liquid transfer means with the antifreeze liquid tank outside the system, and the liquid level detector installed in the external antifreeze liquid tank is located outside the upper and lower limit liquid level detection device. It has an overflow liquid level and an empty liquid level detection end, and operates an antifreezing liquid concentrating device by the overflow liquid level detection,
A heat pump with a heating tower, which is equipped with a control device that supplies water to the antifreeze liquid by detecting the empty liquid level.