JPH0752257B2 - Eye surgery microscope - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention relates to visual field illumination in a microscope for eye surgery, and in particular, a surgeon performs control operations such as blinking illumination light and limiting the irradiation range of illumination light. It can be done by hand.

<Prior Art> An apparatus is known in which illumination light from a light source located at a distance is introduced into a microscope by a light guide and is irradiated to an eyeball through an objective lens of the microscope.

In this type of microscope, a device configured to insert and remove a pinhole in the optical path of illumination light so as to project a fixation target for determining the center of the eyeball is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 61-273704. ing.

Further, in this type of microscope, it has been recently performed to block the central part of the illumination light by attaching an adapter so that the subject is not dazzled.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> For eye surgery, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, a slit light is attached to the side of the microscope, and a linear slit image is projected on the eyeball surface to remove a lens or the like. Check for turbidity,
It is performed to check the distortion of the eyeball from the condition of the curvature of the image. This is performed by turning off the field illumination from within the microscope, but the blinking of the illumination light for that purpose has the inconvenience of operating the power switch of the light source at a remote position.

Also, the attachment / detachment of the adapter to prevent the patient from being dazzled
The operation is troublesome, and I am having trouble with the place to put the removed adapter.

It is conceivable to install a shutter for blinking illumination light, an adapter to prevent glare, and an insertion / removal mechanism such as a pinhole for a fixation target in the microscope. It is impossible to house the mechanism. In addition, the above-mentioned shutter and adapter must be placed at the common focus position with respect to the surface layer of the eyeball of the subject, and the above-mentioned pinhole must be placed at the common focus position with respect to the subject's retina. Therefore, it is more difficult to store these in a limited space.

Therefore, even if the above-mentioned various mechanisms are housed in the microscope, the structure becomes complicated and the operability becomes extremely poor.

With this invention, the illuminating light of the visual field flickers by simply operating the knob.
It is intended to realize a single simple mechanism capable of selecting projection of a fixation target and blocking of a central portion of illumination light.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In the microscope of the present invention, similarly to the conventional microscope, illumination light from a light source located at a distance is introduced into the microscope by a ride guide, and from there, the illumination light is directed to the eyeball through the microscope objective lens. It is configured to illuminate.

As a feature of the present invention, in the microscope, a movable curtain made of a light-shielding flexible material is provided so as to be movable across two optical paths of the illumination light. These two positions are a first position that is a focal point for the surface layer of the eyeball of the subject and a second position that is a focal point for the retina of the subject.

In the moving screen, at the first or second position, only a fully closed portion that completely blocks the illumination light, a fully open portion that allows almost the entire illumination light to pass therethrough, and only a central portion of the illumination light. Is provided, and a partial illuminating part that blocks at least a part of the illumination light traveling toward the periphery while blocking the central part of the illumination light is provided.

This moving screen can be freely selected and placed on the illumination optical path by operating a knob provided on the outside.

<Operation> At both the first and second positions on the illumination optical path, when the moving curtain is retracted out of the optical path or when the fully open portion is selected, the entire microscope visual field is illuminated.

When the fully closed portion is selected at either or both of the first and second positions on the illumination light path, the microscope field of view is not illuminated at all. Therefore, it is possible to carry out the inspection of the opacity of the crystalline lens by the slit light and the inspection of the distortion of the eyeball.

The partial illumination unit is selected at the first position on the illumination optical path,
When the fully open position is selected at the position, the central part of the microscope field is not illuminated, but at least a part of its periphery is illuminated. Therefore, the surgery can be performed without causing the operator to feel dazzling.

When the moving curtain retreats out of the light path or the fully open part is selected at the first position on the illumination optical path, and the pinhole part is selected at the second position, the fixation target is placed on the eyeball. Sent. The center point of the eyeball surface can be known by making the operator stare at it.

In the present invention, each of the above-mentioned states can be selected only by the position of one moving curtain, so that the structure is simple and can be provided in a limited space in the microscope. And
Since the selection can be performed only by operating one knob provided outside the microscope, the operability is extremely good.

<Embodiment> In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 is a microscope outer box, a large-diameter objective lens 2 is provided at the lower end, and a partition plate 3 is provided inside.
It is divided into 3 layers by 4 and 5. The lowermost partition plate 3 has an illumination window 7 having an auxiliary lens 6 in the center thereof, and observation windows 8 and 8 are formed on both sides of the illumination window 7. A receptacle 9 is provided in the outer box 1 above the partition plate 3, and a tip 11 of a tip of a light guide 10 is inserted therein.

A guide frame 12 is supported above the partition plate 3, and the guide frame 12 has an entrance window 13 facing the tip surface of the chip 11.
An exit window 14 that matches the illumination window 7 is provided, and a movable screen 15 is movably supported along the inner surfaces of the upper and lower walls and the front and rear walls. Here, the entrance window 13 is at the common focal position with respect to the surface layer of the eyeball of the subject, and the exit window 14 is at the common focal position with respect to the retina of the subject. A reflecting mirror 16 that reflects the illumination light incident from the incident window 13 toward the exit window 14 is supported between the both side walls. On the back side of the reflecting mirror 16, a driving roller 17 made of rubber comes into contact with the moving screen 15 and its rotating shaft 18
Has a knob 19 extending through the guide frame side wall and the outer casing 1 to the outside.

The moving screen 15 is formed of a flexible metal ribbon or the like, and as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the partial lighting section 21 and the pinhole section 22 are provided.
And a fully-closed portion 23 and a fully-opened portion 24. The partial lighting portion 21 has left and right semi-circular through holes 25 and 26, and the pinhole portion 22 has a pin at the center. The hole 27 is provided, and the fully closed portion 23 is not provided with any through holes. The fully open part 24 is
In the example shown by the solid line, the moving screen 15 does not exist, but a large window 28 may be provided by extending the moving screen or forming it endlessly as shown by the dotted line.

Above the observation windows 8 of the partition plate 3, the auxiliary lenses 31 and 31 are supported by the partition plate 4, and above the auxiliary lenses 31 and 31, the prism 32 is supported by the partition plate 5. Binocular eyepieces 33, 33 are provided on the shoulder portion of the outer case 1 facing the prism 32.

As shown in FIG. 6, the slit light 37 is attached to the annular groove 35 formed around the lower portion of the outer box 1 by the attachment fitting 36. At the tail end of the slit light 37, a light guide
The tip 39 of 38 is inserted. Light guide 38
Is combined with the light guide 10 described above by the branching device 45 to form one light guide 40. The tip 41 of the tip of the light guide 40 is inserted into the receptacle 43 of the light source box 42, and the tip surface of the tip 41 is in the box 42.
Inside it faces the light source 44.

The shape of the holes in the partial illumination section 21 of the moving screen 15 is not limited to the semicircular shape as shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the semi-arcuate through holes 47, 47 facing each other in a circular shape with the connecting portions 46, 46 facing each other and the connecting portions 48, 48 in a direction perpendicular to the connecting portions 46, 46 facing each other. Various shapes are conceivable, such as semi-circular through holes 49, 49.

In the above-mentioned device, when the moving screen 15 is placed on the leftmost side in FIG. 1, the through hole 26 overlaps the entrance window 13 of the guide frame 12 as shown in FIG. 4 (a). Then, the image of the through hole 26 shows the auxiliary lens 6
And projected onto the eyeball by the objective lens 2 to illuminate the eyeball. This illuminated portion is the front half of the surgeon looking into the microscope from the right side in FIG. 1, and the patient is not dazzled because the pupil is not illuminated.

Next, when the movable curtain 15 is moved slightly to the right in FIG. 1 by operating the knob 19, the through hole 25 overlaps the entrance window 13 as shown in FIG. Then, the front half of the eyeball is illuminated, and the subject is still not dazzled.

When the moving screen 15 is further moved to the right as shown in FIG. 4 (c), both the entrance window 13 and the exit window 14 of the guide frame 12 are opened, so that the entire microscope field is illuminated.

When the moving screen 15 is further moved to the position shown in FIG. 4 (d),
The exit window 14 of the guide frame 12 is completely closed, and the illumination light directed to the eyeball is blocked without turning off the power switch of the light source 44. This state is used when a straight line image is projected on the surface of the eyeball by the slit light 37 to check the opacity of the cornea or the crystalline lens, or to check the distortion of the eyeball from the distortion.

When the moving screen 15 is moved to the rightmost side as shown in FIG. 4 (e), the pinhole 27 comes to the center of the exit window 14. Then, a thin light beam is projected as a fixation target toward the eyeball, and a light spot is projected on the surface of the eyeball. When the subject is made to look at this light beam, the center of the eyeball overlaps with the light spot projection position, so that the center point of the eyeball can be known.

It should be noted that, except when fully closed as shown in FIG. 4 (d), the slit width adjusting mechanism of the slit light 37 is operated to set the slit width to zero, that is, the closed state.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, not only can the light beam illuminating the visual field from the inside of the microscope be switched between the fully closed state and the fully opened state by operating the knob, but also the fixation target projection and Since it is possible to select the partial illumination that does not make the operator feel dazzling, it is not necessary to operate the switch for blinking the light source or the attachment / detachment operation for the adapter for the partial illumination, achieving excellent operability. can do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially longitudinal side view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal rear view of the same embodiment, FIG. 3 is a plan view of a partition plate 3 in the same embodiment, and FIG. 4 is the same embodiment. Window of guide frame 12 in
13 is an explanatory view of the positional relationship between the moving screen 15 and the moving screen 15, FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing an example of different shapes of the through holes of the moving screen, and FIG. 6 is a side view of the above embodiment with a slit light attached. is there. 10 …… Light guide, 12 …… Guide frame, 13 …… Injection window, 14
...... Ejection window, 15 …… Movement curtain, 21 …… Partial lighting section, 22 ……
Pinhole, 23 ... fully closed, 24 ... fully open, 40 ... light guide, 44 ... light source.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A surgical microscope configured to introduce illumination light from a light source located at a distance into a microscope by a light guide and irradiate the eyeball through an objective lens of the microscope. A movable curtain made of a flexible material is provided so as to be movable across the optical path of the illumination light at two locations, and at least one of the two locations on the illumination light path is completely closed to completely block the illumination light. Part, a fully open part that allows almost the entire illumination light to pass,
The moving screen is provided with a pinhole portion that allows a part of the illumination light to pass therethrough, and a partial illumination portion that allows at least a part of the illumination light toward the center of the microscope field of the microscope to pass through while blocking at least a portion of the illumination light. Naruto eye surgery microscope.