JPH0753059B2 - Earth and sand supply equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A. Purpose of the invention [Field of industrial application] The present invention relates to a device for supplying earth and sand, which is used, for example, when supplying bed soil, cover soil, etc. to a nursery box for raising seedlings.

[Prior Art] A hopper for temporarily storing earth and sand as a device for supplying earth and sand, and a belt-conveyor-type feeding device provided at the bottom of the hopper are provided, and from a feeding port formed on a wall surface of the hopper. There is a feeding device that feeds the earth and sand in the hopper. The "soil feeding device" shown in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 51-41776 is an example, and in the specification, the feeding device is referred to as "soil feeding mechanism" and the feeding port is referred to as "soil feeding portion".
The soil delivery part of this soil delivery device is provided with a vertically adjustable soil delivery adjustment plate and a shutter rotatably attached to the lower end of the adjustment plate, and the attachment height of the adjustment plate can be changed. The amount of feeding is adjusted by adjusting the opening area of the soil delivery section, and the soil supply is started and stopped by opening and closing the shutter to open and close the soil delivery section.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, since the soil feeding device having the above-mentioned configuration cannot temporarily change the opening area of the feeding port by a simple operation during the soil feeding operation, it is included in the soil. If a large clod of soil, stones, or the like is stuck in the shutter, it cannot be removed, and there is a problem in that soil feeding failure occurs.

(B) Structure of the Invention [Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following structure.

That is, the earth and sand supply device according to the present invention comprises a hopper for temporarily storing earth and sand, and a belt conveyor type feeding device provided at the bottom of the hopper, from a feeding port formed on the wall surface of the hopper. In the earth and sand feeder for letting out the earth and sand in the hopper by the feeding device, a feeding amount adjusting plate for adjusting the opening area of the feeding outlet is attached, and the adjusting plate is provided at a position where the opening area is constant. It is characterized in that a holding means for holding and an operating means for temporarily moving the adjusting plate in a direction in which the opening area is widened are provided.

[Operation] The feeding amount adjusting plate is always held by the holding means at a position where the opening area of the feeding port is constant. When the control plate is clogged with stones or the like, the control plate is moved by the operating means in the direction in which the opening area is widened to temporarily increase the amount of the sediments to be removed to remove the clumps or stones.

[Example] Fig. 1 shows an example of a seeder, and this seeder 1
Is a floor soil filling device 4, a seeding device 5, an irrigation device 6, and a soil covering device 7, which are provided in order along a transport direction (arrow X direction) on a transport device 2 including a belt conveyor 2a and roller conveyors 2b. Has been. A seedling box 8 used in this seeder 1 has a rectangular dish shape with a shallow bottom, and has a myriad of small holes for drainage on the bottom surface. The seedling boxes 8 are continuously supplied one by one from the starting end side of the belt conveyor 2a without a gap. Hereinafter, each device will be described in detail.

The floor soil filling device 4 and the soil covering device 7 are soil supplying devices having the same structure, and are both configured as follows.
That is, in these soil supply devices, a hopper 10 for containing soil for floor soil or covering soil is installed above the transport device 2, and a belt conveyor type feeding device 12 is provided adjacent to the lower side of the bottom opening 11 thereof. It is provided. The feeding device 12 is driven to rotate in a direction (counter arrow X direction) opposite to the conveying direction of the seedling box, and a feeding port 14 is formed on the hopper wall surface on the terminal end side of the feeding device. The delivery port 14 has a delivery amount adjusting shutter that both opens and closes the delivery port and adjusts its opening area.
15 are provided. The shutter 15 is fixed to a tip end portion of a support member 18 axially supported by a support shaft 17 provided laterally of the hopper 10, and is vertically rotatable about the support shaft 17. A shutter handle 19 which is an operating means for opening and closing the shutter is integrally attached to a support member 18 on the side opposite to the shutter 15 across the support shaft 17. Further, a columnar engagement member 21 is provided on the side surface of the support member 18, and an engagement plate 23 fitted to the delivery amount adjusting screw 22 is engaged with this. The feeding amount adjusting screw 22 is screwed to the outer box 25, and can be advanced and retracted by turning a handle knob 26 fixedly integrated with an end portion thereof. The engaging plate 23 is engaged by a spring 27 that is loosely fitted to the screw 22.
It is elastically biased to the 21 side. These constitute a holding means for holding the feeding amount adjusting shutter at a fixed position during the soil feeding operation.

When using this soil supply device, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 2, the shutter handle 19 is lowered until the engaging member 21 contacts the engaging plate 23, and the feeding port 14 is opened. As the feeding amount adjusting screw 22 is screwed in, the opening area of the feeding port 14 becomes smaller and the soil feeding amount decreases, and as the screw 22 is loosened, the opening area of the feeding port becomes larger and the soil feeding amount increases. There is. As shown in the figure, foreign matter S such as clods and stones in the soil
If is caught on the shutter 15, the amount of soil fed out becomes uneven. In such a case, the shutter handle 19 may be pushed down by hand to raise the shutter 15 as indicated by the chain line, and the foreign matter S may be flushed with the soil to be removed. When the shutter handle 19 is released, the action of the spring 27 causes the shutter 15 to return to its original position. The same operation may be performed when it is desired to temporarily increase the soil feeding amount.

In the seeding device 5, an elongated opening 32 is formed in the width direction at the bottom of a funnel-shaped hopper 30 for storing seeds, and a seeding roll 33 is provided immediately below the opening. As shown in FIG. 6, the sowing roll 33 has a curved bottom surface and is slightly twisted with respect to the axial direction (θ = about 15 degrees) in a spiral seed holding recess 3
5, and circumferential grooves 36, which are narrower in width than the seed diameter and deeper than the recess 35, are formed. The seeding roll 33 is supported by a horizontally provided roll shaft 37, and is rotationally driven by a motor (not shown). By switching the rotation direction of the motor 39, the seeding roll 39 can be rotated in either forward or reverse directions. A pair of left and right brushes 40, 40 are attached to the lower end of the hopper 30 so that the tip end of the seeding roll 33 contacts the outer peripheral surface of the seeding roll 33. Also,
A plurality of thin scraper plates 41a, ... Fitting in the grooves 36, ... Of the sowing roll are arranged side by side in a comb shape.
Are attached to the horizontal axis 42. The scraper plate 41a is
It extends in an arc along the groove 36 so as not to be exposed in the seed-holding recess 35, and its tip projects into the seed-holding recess 35 so as to be positioned on the lower side of the roll shaft 37.

Further, a row seeding plate 44 is rotatably attached to the roll shaft 37 via bushes 43, 43. In the row sowing plate 44, a seed passage 48 is formed on the lower side of the sowing roll 33, and at the lower part of this seed passage 48, sowing openings 50, ... Partitioned by evenly spaced row sowing guides 49 ,. . The upper part of the seed passage 48 is open, and this is the seeding opening 51 for sowing. Reference numerals 52a and 52b in the figure denote screw rods for fixing the row seeding plate 44 at the row seeding position or the scattered seeding position, and are engaged with the engaging portions 53a, 53b of the row seeding plate.

On the upper side of the storage box 31 of the sowing roller 33, a strip roller 55,
A compression roller 56 is provided on the tailing side. The strip forming roller 55 is a roller having a collar-shaped strip forming ring formed corresponding to the seeding openings 50 of the strip seeding plate 44, and the compression roller 56 is a roller having a smooth surface. Both rollers 55 and 56 are pressed against the soil of the nursery box with a constant pressure by pressure rods 57 and 58. Both rollers are forcibly rotated at a speed equal to the moving speed of the seedling box.

When seeding the seedling box 8, a seeding plate 44 is provided as shown by a solid line A in FIG. Floor filling device 4
The seedling box 8 filled with the bed soil 60 is sent to the seeding device 5 and is transferred to the surface of the bed soil by the line forming ring of the line forming roller 55 in the conveying direction X.
A plurality of seeding grooves 61, ... At the time of sowing, since the sowing roll 33 is rotated in the direction of the arrow Y, the seed 62 held in the seed holding recess 35 is carried to the lower side of the sowing roll and dropped into the seed passage 48 of the sowing plate 44. . At this time, since the seed holding recesses 35, ... Are twisted with respect to the axis of the roll, the seeds flow smoothly, and seed jamming is less likely to occur. The seeds 62 dropped into the seed passage 48 are dropped and supplied from the sowing openings 50, ... into the sowing grooves ,. Since the upper surface of the seed holding recess 34 is smoothed by the brush 40 and excess seed is removed from the recess, the seed holding amount in each recess 35, ... Is constant. Also, the recess 35
When is rotated to a predetermined position, the tip end of the scraper plate 41a is inserted into the concave portion to forcibly discharge the held seeds, so that the various child holding concave portions 35, ...
The timing of seed fall for each is also constant. In addition, when the edge 10a of the seedling box 8 passes under the seeding openings 50, ...
As shown by the chain line B in the figure, the row seeding plate 44 is flipped up. After sowing, seeding groove 61, ...
While crushing, lightly press the floor soil surface.

Next, when performing seeding, as shown by a chain line C in FIG. 3, the row seeding plate 44 is substantially rotated from the row seeded state so as not to interfere with the transportation of the seedling boxes.
Since the strip forming roller 55 and the pressure suppressing roller 56 are unnecessary, they are removed. Then, the sowing roll 33 is rotated in the direction opposite to that at the time of row sowing (counter arrow Y direction), and seeds are dispersedly supplied from the upper side of the sowing roll 33 onto the bed soil.

The irrigation device 6 is a device that irrigates the seedling box 8 after sowing, and is provided with a plurality of watering nozzles (not shown) on the ceiling. In the case of scattered seeding, it is preferable to perform irrigation before seeding in order to prevent the seeds from being washed away by irrigation, and thus the seeding device 5 and the irrigation device 6 may be replaced.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As is apparent from the above description, the earth and sand feeder according to the present invention uses the operating means when clods, stones, etc. are stuck in the feeding amount adjusting plate at the feeding outlet during the soil feeding operation. By moving the feeding amount adjusting plate toward the direction that the opening area of the feeding port becomes wider and temporarily increasing the feeding amount of sediment, these clods and stones can be easily removed, so that a uniform and good soil supply is always provided. You can now do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view of a seeding machine to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of an essential part of a soil supplying device, FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of an essential part of a sowing device, and FIG. 4 is its side. Partial cross-sectional view, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a sowing roll in which the seed holding concave portion is shown by hatching. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Seeding machine, 2 ... Conveying device, 4 ... Floor filling device, 5 ... Seeding device, 7 ... Soil covering device, 8 ... Seedling box, 10 ... Hopper, 12 ... Feeding device, 14 ... Feeding port, 15 ... Feeding amount Adjusting shutter, 19 ... Shutter handle (operating means), 22 ... Feeding amount adjusting screw.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hopper for temporarily storing earth and sand and a belt conveyor type feeding device provided at the bottom of the hopper, and the earth and sand in the hopper are fed from a feeding port formed on a wall surface of the hopper by the feeding device. In the earth and sand feeder for feeding out, a feeding amount adjusting plate for adjusting the opening area is attached to the feeding outlet, holding means for holding the adjusting plate at a position where the opening area is constant, and the opening. An apparatus for supplying earth and sand, characterized in that it is provided with an operating means for temporarily moving the adjusting plate in the direction of increasing the area.