JPH075328B2 - Glass optical element manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus thereof - Google Patents
Glass optical element manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPH075328B2 JPH075328B2 JP9023087A JP9023087A JPH075328B2 JP H075328 B2 JPH075328 B2 JP H075328B2 JP 9023087 A JP9023087 A JP 9023087A JP 9023087 A JP9023087 A JP 9023087A JP H075328 B2 JPH075328 B2 JP H075328B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- molding
- mold
- optical element
- manufacturing
- glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B11/00—Pressing molten glass or performed glass reheated to equivalent low viscosity without blowing
- C03B11/06—Construction of plunger or mould
- C03B11/08—Construction of plunger or mould for making solid articles, e.g. lenses
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、光学機器に使用されるガラスレンズ等の光学
素子を、精密ガラス成形により形成するガラス光学素子
の製造方法とその製造装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a glass optical element manufacturing method and a manufacturing apparatus for forming an optical element such as a glass lens used in an optical device by precision glass molding. .
従来の技術 従来、光学素子は、ガラス材料を予備加工してほぼ光学
素子に近似した形状のブランクを作り、粗削り，中仕上
げ，研磨等の多数の工程を経て、製造されてきた。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an optical element has been manufactured by preliminarily processing a glass material to form a blank having a shape approximately similar to that of an optical element, and undergoing a number of steps such as rough cutting, intermediate finishing, and polishing.
また、最近では光学的精度を持つ機能面を有する成形型
により、ブランクを精密成形して一挙に光学素子を作製
し、研磨等の工程を省略して簡略化する製造方法が実用
化されつつある。この方法は非球面を有する光学素子を
容易に形成できるという特徴を持つため、光学素子の製
造方法として、今後重要な位置を占めていくものと考え
られる（たとえば、特開昭59-203732号公報，特開昭61-
26528号公報，特開昭61-44721号公報）。In addition, recently, a manufacturing method is being put into practical use, in which a blank is precision molded by a molding die having a functional surface having optical accuracy to fabricate an optical element all at once, and steps such as polishing are omitted and simplified. . Since this method has a feature that an optical element having an aspherical surface can be easily formed, it is considered that it will occupy an important position in the future as a method for manufacturing an optical element (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-203732). , JP-A-61-
26528, JP 61-44721).
以下、図面を参照しながら、上述した従来例をレンズの
製造方法を例として説明する。Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, the above-mentioned conventional example will be described by taking a method for manufacturing a lens as an example.
第４図は従来法によるレンズ製造装置の見取図である。
ガラス素材および成形したレンズを搬送する装置と、加
熱部，成形部，除冷部とからなる。最終レンズ形状に近
似した形に予備加工されたガラス素材20が、コンベヤな
どの搬送装置21により矢印の方向に運ばれる。加熱部22
でガラスが変形可能な温度まで予熱される。成形部24で
ガラス素材は鋳型の中に入れられて、加圧装置25により
加圧成形される。成形されたレンズおよび鋳型が転移点
以下の温度になったらレンズは鋳型から取り出されて、
コンベアで搬送され除冷部23で除冷されてレンズが完成
する。FIG. 4 is a sketch of a lens manufacturing apparatus according to the conventional method.
It consists of a device that conveys the glass material and the molded lens, a heating unit, a molding unit, and a cooling unit. The glass material 20 preliminarily processed into a shape similar to the final lens shape is carried in the direction of the arrow by a carrying device 21 such as a conveyor. Heating part 22
The glass is preheated to a deformable temperature. In the molding unit 24, the glass material is put into a mold and pressure-molded by a pressure device 25. When the molded lens and mold reach a temperature below the transition point, the lens is removed from the mold,
The lens is completed by being conveyed by a conveyor and being cooled by the cooling unit 23.
発明が解決しようとする問題点 しかしながら上記のような方法では、成形装置が複雑
で、成形に要する時間が長く成形装置としての能率が悪
いので、本発明はこれらの問題点を解消して光学素子の
製造コストを下げる方法を提供しようとするものであ
る。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the method as described above, the molding apparatus is complicated, the time required for molding is long, and the efficiency of the molding apparatus is poor. The present invention seeks to provide a method of reducing the manufacturing cost of the.
問題点を解決するための手段 上記問題点を解決するために本発明の光学素子の製造方
法は、光学的精度を持つ機能面を有する成形型と胴型の
中にガラス素材を充填し、成形型の上に成形方法に力が
加わるように重りを配置して一体となした成形ブロック
とし、あらかじめ所望の温度勾配を持つよう設定した加
熱装置の中を前記成形ブロックを通過させることにより
加圧成形するという手段を用いるものである。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the method for manufacturing an optical element of the present invention is a glass material filled in a mold and a barrel having a functional surface having optical accuracy, and molded. A weight is placed on the mold so that force is applied to the molding method to form an integrated molding block, and the molding block is passed through a heating device that is set to have a desired temperature gradient in advance. The means of molding is used.
作用 本発明は上記したように光学的機能面を有する成形型と
重りを一体となして成形ブロックとしトンネル型の高温
部の中を通過させることにより成形するので、成形装置
の中に機械的な加圧手段の必要がなく、装置が非常に簡
単になる。また、通常の成形では加圧装置の温度を上下
するため、成形に要する時間が長いという欠点を有する
が、本発明では成形ブロックを次々に成形装置の中に送
ることにより、短いタクトで連続して成形が可能とな
る。Function As described above, according to the present invention, the molding die having the optical functional surface and the weight are integrated to form a molding block, and the molding is performed by passing through the high temperature portion of the tunnel mold. There is no need for pressurizing means, which greatly simplifies the device. In addition, in normal molding, since the temperature of the pressurizing device rises and falls, there is a drawback that the time required for molding is long, but in the present invention, by continuously sending the molding blocks into the molding device, continuous molding with a short tact is achieved. Molding is possible.
実施例 以下本発明の一実施例の光学素子の製造方法とその製造
装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。Example A method for manufacturing an optical element and a manufacturing apparatus therefor according to an example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明の一実施例であるレンズを成形するため
の成形ブロックの断面図である。下型２と上型３はそれ
ぞれ光学的精度の機能面を持ち、ガラス素材１を加圧成
形することにより、光学面を転写してレンズを形成す
る。胴型４はレンズの外径を規制するとともに、上下の
型の位置を規制してレンズの光軸を決める。重り５はガ
ラス素材を変形させる力を与えるもので、比重の大きい
金属，セラミック等を用いる。ガラス素材１や上下の型
に比べて重り５が大きい場合、全体が不安定になりやす
いので、上型３の外周をささえるガイド６を配置する。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a molding block for molding a lens which is an embodiment of the present invention. The lower mold 2 and the upper mold 3 each have a functional surface of optical accuracy, and the glass material 1 is pressure-molded to transfer the optical surface to form a lens. The barrel die 4 regulates the outer diameter of the lens and regulates the positions of the upper and lower dies to determine the optical axis of the lens. The weight 5 gives a force to deform the glass material, and is made of metal, ceramic or the like having a large specific gravity. If the weight 5 is larger than that of the glass material 1 and the upper and lower molds, the whole is likely to be unstable, so a guide 6 that supports the outer periphery of the upper mold 3 is arranged.
第２図は、本発明による成形装置の見取図を示す。前記
の成形ブロック10は、搬送装置11により加熱部12の中へ
運ばれる。加熱部12の入口13と出口14は加熱部内の雰囲
気を一定に維持するため、シャッター機構を有する。不
活性ガス、または還元性ガスをガス取入れ口15から導入
し、加熱部内の雰囲気を維持して、成形型の酸化を防
ぐ。16,17は排出口である。入口，出口からの空気の侵
入を最小限にするために、ガス取り入れ口は加熱部の中
央付近に、排出口はシャッター近傍に配置する。18は搬
送装置の駆動部、および加熱部の電源を収納する部分で
ある。加熱部のヒータは分割されており、それぞれ温度
制御機能を有し、加熱部内の温度をガラス素材の種類に
応じて、成形に必要な温度分布を持つように設定する。
その一例を第３図に示す。加熱部の温度の設定と搬送装
置のスピードにより、成形に必要な温度曲線を得る。予
熱は比較的短時間で行うことができ、できるだけ短時間
の方が能率が良いが、冷却は残留歪を取り除くため、比
較的ゆっくりやる必要がある。FIG. 2 shows a sketch of the molding apparatus according to the invention. The molding block 10 is carried into the heating section 12 by the carrying device 11. The inlet 13 and the outlet 14 of the heating unit 12 have a shutter mechanism in order to maintain a constant atmosphere in the heating unit. An inert gas or a reducing gas is introduced through the gas inlet 15 to maintain the atmosphere in the heating section and prevent the mold from being oxidized. 16, 17 are outlets. In order to minimize the invasion of air from the inlet and outlet, the gas inlet is located near the center of the heating section and the outlet is located near the shutter. Reference numeral 18 is a portion for accommodating the power supply for the drive unit and the heating unit of the transfer device. The heaters of the heating unit are divided and each has a temperature control function, and the temperature in the heating unit is set so as to have a temperature distribution necessary for molding according to the type of glass material.
One example is shown in FIG. The temperature curve required for molding is obtained by setting the temperature of the heating section and the speed of the conveying device. Preheating can be performed in a relatively short time, and the efficiency is as short as possible, but cooling needs to be performed relatively slowly to remove residual strain.
第２図に示す装置で実際に成形した例を次に述べる。ガ
ラス素材としてSF−８を用い、直径7mm,厚さ3mmの凸レ
ンズを成形した。SF−８の軟化温度（粘度：107・65ポア
ズ）は551℃である。重りは5kgの金属ブロックを用い、
成形ブロックを安定させるため、第１図に示すように上
型の周囲にステンレス製のガイド６を配置した。加熱部
の温度は第３図に示すように入口，出口とも約300℃と
し、ガラスを変形させる最高温度はガラスの粘度が約10
7になる580℃に設定した。入口から最高温度に達するま
での時間を約10分になるようコンベアの速度を調整し、
最高温度を通過する時間は約10分とした。最高温度を通
過後、出口に達するまでの冷却は約20分とした。成形ブ
ロックが入口13,出口14を通過する時、シャッターの開
閉に伴い、空気が侵入するので、ガス導入口15より窒素
を流し続けた。成形したレンズをアニールした後、光学
面の形状を測定すると、１μｍ以下の形状誤差で金型の
光学面を精度良く転写していた。An example of actual molding using the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 will be described below. Using SF-8 as a glass material, a convex lens having a diameter of 7 mm and a thickness of 3 mm was molded. The softening temperature of SF-8 (viscosity: 10 7 · 65 poise) is 551 ° C. The weight uses a 5 kg metal block,
In order to stabilize the molding block, a stainless guide 6 was arranged around the upper mold as shown in FIG. As shown in Fig. 3, the temperature of the heating part is about 300 ℃ at both the inlet and the outlet, and the maximum temperature that deforms the glass is about 10
It was set to 580 ℃, which is 7 . Adjust the conveyor speed so that it takes about 10 minutes to reach the maximum temperature from the inlet,
It took about 10 minutes to pass the maximum temperature. After passing the maximum temperature, cooling to reach the outlet was about 20 minutes. When the molding block passed through the inlet 13 and the outlet 14, air entered due to the opening and closing of the shutter, so nitrogen was continuously flown from the gas inlet 15. When the shape of the optical surface was measured after annealing the molded lens, the optical surface of the mold was accurately transferred with a shape error of 1 μm or less.
なお、加熱部の最高温度がガラス素材の粘度が109ポア
ズより高い範囲では、実際的な重りの大きさでは殆どガ
ラスに変形を起させることができず、また、ガラス素材
の粘度が107ポアズ以下になるような高温では、ガラス
と型の融着，型寿命の低下など好ましくない現象が生ず
る。さらに成形装置の耐熱性，エネルギ消費量の点から
も、可能な限り低い温度で成形することが好ましい。In the range where the maximum temperature of the heating part is higher than 10 9 poise of the glass material, the glass can hardly be deformed by the practical weight, and the viscosity of the glass material is 10 7 At a high temperature such as below poise, unfavorable phenomena such as fusion of glass and mold and shortening of mold life occur. Further, in terms of heat resistance and energy consumption of the molding apparatus, it is preferable to mold at a temperature as low as possible.
以上の実施例においては、精密な光学素子としてレンズ
の成形を説明したが、本発明の方法はレンズに限らず、
一般的なガラス光学素子の成形に適用できることは言う
までもない。In the above examples, the molding of the lens was described as a precise optical element, but the method of the present invention is not limited to the lens,
It goes without saying that it can be applied to the molding of general glass optical elements.
発明の効果 以上のように本発明は、光学的精度を持つ機能面を有す
る成形型と胴型の中にガラス素材を充填し、成形型の上
に成形方向に力が加わるように重りを配置して一体とな
して成形ブロックとし、あらかじめ所望の温度勾配を持
つよう設定した加熱装置の中を前記成形ブロックを通過
させることにより成形するという簡単な方法でガラス光
学素子を成形することを可能とするので、成形装置が極
めて単純な構造で構成できる。また、型を複数用意すれ
ば、短いタクトで連続的に成形が可能である。以上の結
果、精密な精度を持つガラス光学素子を安価に大量に生
産することが可能となる。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, according to the present invention, a glass material is filled in a mold having a functional surface having optical accuracy and a body mold, and a weight is arranged on the mold so that a force is applied in the molding direction. It is possible to mold the glass optical element by a simple method in which the glass block is integrally formed into a molding block, and the molding block is passed through a heating device set to have a desired temperature gradient in advance. Therefore, the molding apparatus can be constructed with an extremely simple structure. Further, if a plurality of molds are prepared, it is possible to continuously mold with a short tact. As a result, it becomes possible to inexpensively mass-produce glass optical elements having high precision.
第１図は本発明の一実施例におけるレンズの成形に用い
る成形ブロックの断面図、第２図は本発明の一実施例に
おけるレンズの製造装置の見取図、第３図は本発明の一
実施例におけるレンズの製造装置の加熱部の温度分布
図、第４図は従来例におけるレンズ製造装置の見取図で
ある。 １……ガラス素材、２……下型、３……上型、４……胴
型、５……重り、６……ガイド、10……成形ブロック、
11……搬送装置、12……加熱部。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a molding block used for molding a lens in an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sketch of a lens manufacturing apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a temperature distribution diagram of a heating part of the lens manufacturing apparatus in FIG. 4, and FIG. 1 ... glass material, 2 ... lower mold, 3 ... upper mold, 4 ... body mold, 5 ... weight, 6 ... guide, 10 ... molding block,
11 …… Conveyor, 12 …… Heating part.
Claims (4)
胴型の中にガラス素材を充填し、成形型の上に成形方向
に力が加わるように重りを配置して一体となして成形ブ
ロックとし、あらかじめ所望の温度勾配を持つよう設定
した加熱装置の中を前記成形ブロックを通過させること
により成形することを特徴とするガラス光学素子の製造
方法。1. A glass mold is filled in a mold having a functional surface having optical precision and a barrel mold, and a weight is arranged on the mold so that a force is applied in the molding direction so as to be integrated. A method for manufacturing a glass optical element, which comprises forming a molding block by passing the molding block through a heating device which is preset to have a desired temperature gradient.
ドを備えた成形ブロックからなることを特徴とする特許
請求の範囲第（１）項に記載のガラス光学素子の製造方
法。2. The method for manufacturing a glass optical element according to claim 1, wherein the upper mold having a weight is composed of a molding block provided with a guide so as to move smoothly.
が、成形されるガラス素材の粘度が106〜109ポアズの範
囲の温度であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第
（１）項に記載のガラス光学素子の製造方法。3. The maximum temperature of the portion through which the molding block passes is such that the viscosity of the glass material to be molded is a temperature in the range of 10 6 to 10 9 poises. A method for manufacturing a glass optical element according to item 1.
胴型の中にガラス素材を充填し、成形型の上に成形方向
に力が加わるように重りを配置して一体となした成形ブ
ロックを搬送する手段と、所望の温度勾配を持つよう設
定可能な加熱装置と、成形ブロックが通過する部分の雰
囲気を調整する装置とからなり、前記成形ブロックが加
熱部の中を通過して成形することを特徴とするガラス光
学素子の製造装置。4. A glass material is filled in a mold having a functional surface having optical accuracy and a body mold, and a weight is arranged on the mold so that a force is applied in the molding direction to be integrated. The molding block comprises a means for conveying the molding block, a heating device that can be set to have a desired temperature gradient, and a device that adjusts the atmosphere of the part through which the molding block passes. A glass optical element manufacturing apparatus characterized by molding.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9023087A JPH075328B2 (en) | 1987-04-13 | 1987-04-13 | Glass optical element manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9023087A JPH075328B2 (en) | 1987-04-13 | 1987-04-13 | Glass optical element manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63256542A JPS63256542A (en) | 1988-10-24 |
| JPH075328B2 true JPH075328B2 (en) | 1995-01-25 |
Family
ID=13992685
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9023087A Expired - Lifetime JPH075328B2 (en) | 1987-04-13 | 1987-04-13 | Glass optical element manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH075328B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4566673B2 (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2010-10-20 | キヤノン株式会社 | Optical element molding method and apparatus |
| JP2009227524A (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-10-08 | Olympus Corp | Manufacturing apparatus of optical device |
-
1987
- 1987-04-13 JP JP9023087A patent/JPH075328B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS63256542A (en) | 1988-10-24 |
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