JPH0753994B2 - Vegetation substrate for greening - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a vegetation base for greening, which is used, for example, in greening work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, on slopes such as hillsides formed by road construction and land development, plants are vegetated and greened to protect the slopes and preserve the scenery. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have previously reported that the Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-5
In Japanese Patent No. 5852 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-56366, it is possible to economically green the slope with a simple construction means without requiring large equipment or complicated construction. A vegetation substrate for greening and its construction method were proposed.

The above vegetation substrate for greening is one in which an accommodating portion is formed in a mesh and an vegetation base material such as an organic material, fertilizer and plant seed is accommodated in this accommodating portion. Then, by laying such a greening vegetation substrate on the slope or the like, the plant seeds of the vegetation substrate are germinated so that the slope or the like is greened.

Further, as the constituent material of the mesh body, plastic fibers such as nylon, polyethylene and polypropylene are mainly used because the plastic fibers are durable and inexpensive, and the slope is In order to perform greening such as, the plant roots on the slope, the strength of the reticulate body is maintained until the plant grows to a certain degree, the reticule is protected by the reticulate body, and the reticulate body is This is because it needs to be a vegetation base for plants.

However, the plastic fibers such as nylon, polyethylene, and polypropylene used for the above-mentioned reticulate body have the characteristic that they do not deteriorate semipermanently under normal conditions. Therefore, unlike other animal and plant fibers,
The reticulate body will remain semi-permanently without being weathered or corroded and homogenized in soil by being exposed to wind and rain over many years. Therefore, in recent years, the above characteristics are rather a disaster and have become a global environmental problem as plastic pollution. That is, under the circumstances as described above, the use of a mesh made of plastic fiber for performing greening on the slope or the like contributes to environmental greening on the one hand, but causes pollution problems on the other hand. It is a contradiction.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it has been attempted in the past to use a reticulate body made of plant fibers such as jute. In addition, viscose rayon is a so-called corrosive fiber made of regenerated cellulose that completely corrodes even after a long period of time, and since it can be applied to a loom relatively easily, this viscose rayon is used. , For example, Jitsuko Sho 63-8
As proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 28, it has been attempted to use it in the case of partially corroding the reticulated body.

[0007]

However, as described above, when vegetable fibers such as jute or viscose rayon are used as the constituent material of the reticulate body, the following problems occur. . That is, an ideal reticulated body used for greening such slopes retains sufficient tensile strength for about 6 months to 1 year after its laying, and corrodes after the plant has grown to a certain extent. Although it is desirable to homogenize with soil, most of the above-mentioned reticulate bodies are corroded and plant vegetation about two months after they are laid on the slope. The necessary vegetation base strength is not obtained, in other words,
The period of two months is too short for the plant to germinate and grow sufficiently, achieving the original purpose of protecting the slope with the reticulate body and securing the vegetation base of the plant. I couldn't do it.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to maintain a sufficient tensile strength as a mesh body for a period of about half a year to one year after laying, after which the constituent material It is an object of the present invention to provide a vegetation substrate for revegetation, which can decompose and corrode most of it and homogenize it with soil, and can contribute to environmental revegetation without causing pollution problems.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the first invention is a vegetation base for greening, in which an accommodating portion is formed in a mesh and the vegetation base material is accommodated in the accommodating portion, It is characterized in that the reticulated body is formed by using a mixed spun fiber composed of a corrosive fiber and a synthetic fiber.

A second aspect of the present invention is a vegetation base for greening, in which a housing portion is formed in the net and the vegetation base material is housed in the housing, and the net is a polymer emulsion or a water-soluble material. It is characterized by being formed by using a mixed fiber rayon in which at least one of the polymers is internally added to a viscose solution.

[0011]

In the first aspect of the invention, the reticulate body, which is the main material of the vegetation base for greening, is composed of corrosive fibers such as animal or plant natural fibers or biodegradable chemical fibers, and synthetic fibers such as vinylon or polyester. Formed using a mixed fiber, the corrosive fiber is decomposed and corroded by microorganisms and disappears over time, but the synthetic fiber can semipermanently secure a predetermined tensile strength without being decomposed by microorganisms. By knitting the reticulated body using a blended fiber in which the above corrosive fibers and synthetic fibers are mixed at a predetermined ratio, for example, 60 to 80% corrosive fibers and 40 to 20% synthetic fibers, Laying until the plants vegetate on the slopes of the hillside, the necessary strength is maintained for a period of about half a year to one year, and the slope can be protected by the mesh body to secure the vegetation base of the plant. Stored in the body compartment Plant seed in vegetation substrate can be satisfactorily grown was.

The corrosive fiber, which is a constituent material of the mixed fiber for knitting and weaving the net-like body, is decomposed and corroded by microorganisms to be homogenized with soil by the time when the plant seed germinates and grows, that is, Although the synthetic fibers constituting the mixed-spun fibers are not decomposed and corroded, the corrosive fibers are decomposed and corroded, so that the whole reticulate body may remain semi-permanently on a slope or the like, which may cause pollution problems. Without contributing to the greening of the environment.

In the second invention, a viscose solution consisting of regenerated cellulose that is decomposed and corroded by microorganisms is used as a constituent material of the reticulated body, and at least one of a polymer emulsion such as vinyl acetate resin and a water-soluble polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol. A mixed fiber rayon is used, and although the viscose rayon itself is decomposed and corroded by microorganisms and causes a decrease in strength over time, a predetermined amount of the polymer emulsion or water-soluble polymer at the stage of the viscose solution is used. For example, by internally adding 2 to 15%, the tensile strength of the mixed fiber rayon is enhanced, and the mixed fiber rayon is 1000
Even in the case of denier, it is possible to surely and satisfactorily weave the net-like body, and moreover, it is possible to secure a predetermined strength required for the net-like body to be woven and woven with the mixed fiber rayon. Further, although the viscose solution contains a large amount of hydroxyl groups, by internally adding the emulsion or polymer to the viscose solution, it is possible to reduce the amount of hydroxyl groups in the mixed fiber rayon as a whole. Thus, the moisture absorption when the mesh is knitted can be reduced, and decomposition and corrosion by microorganisms can be suppressed. Therefore, by knitting a reticulated body with the mixed fiber rayon as described above, it is possible to secure a tensile strength for a certain period of time necessary for securing a vegetation base of a plant on a slope, etc. in the reticulated body. It can be cultivated well.

Further, mixed fiber rayon is used as a constituent material, and since this mixed fiber rayon is decomposed and corroded over time by microorganisms, the plant seeds germinate by weaving a mesh body with the mixed fiber rayon. By the time it grows up, it is decomposed and corroded by microorganisms and homogenized with soil. On the other hand, the polymer or emulsion that is difficult to be corroded by the microorganisms internally added to the mixed fiber rayon is decomposed due to the corrosion of the mixed fiber rayon, so that the reticulate body remains semipermanently on the slope or the like. As a result, it can contribute to environmental greening without causing pollution problems.

[0015]

Embodiments of the vegetation substrate for greening according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, 1 is a mesh-like body formed by weaving warp threads 2 and weft threads 3. Two pieces of this mesh-like body 1 are polymerized and the polymerized mesh-like bodies 1 are meshed or melted at appropriate intervals. By attaching the vegetation base material 5 to the accommodating portion 4, a portion that is not knitted or a portion that is not fused is formed.

The vegetation base material 5 is composed of plant seeds, fertilizers, water retaining materials, soil improving materials, etc., and is housed in a cylindrical bag body, or a combination of one or more of these materials, or
It is formed by performing a compression press or the like to form a cylindrical rod shape without using a bag body.

In FIG. 2, one reticulated body 1 formed in the same manner as that described above is used, and any one of the warp threads 2 and the weft threads 3 in the reticulated body 1 is picked up at appropriate intervals, The accommodation portion 4 of the vegetation base material 5 is formed by knitting or fusing the pick-up portion.

Further, in forming the accommodating portion 4 of the vegetation base material 5, as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to form the pocket-shaped accommodating portion 4 with one side open by sticking a film or the like on the outer surface of the one side in a row or partially by means of sewing or fusing means.

When forming the housing portion 4 for the vegetation base material 5, it is also possible to form it as shown in FIG. That is, the warp yarns 2 and the weft yarns 3 are respectively woven on a loom to knit the single mesh body 1 by plain weaving or entanglement weaving. While the warp yarns 2a are meshed in the longitudinal direction so as to include the weft yarns 3, the warp yarns 2a are separated from the weft yarns 3 at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the loop portion 2b communicated with the mesh body 1 in the weft yarns 3 direction. And the accommodating portion 4 is formed between the loop portion 2b and the mesh body 1. In the figure, a plurality of types of the vegetation base material 5 are prepared by combining plant seeds, fertilizers, water retaining materials, soil improving materials, etc., and one or two of the vegetation base materials 5 are stored in the accommodating portion 4 It is supposed to be housed inside.

The reticulated body 1 having the above-described structure
Is laid on a slope N such as a hillside and fixed with anchor pins or anchor bolts 6, as shown in FIG. 5, and the outer surface of the mesh 1 serves as a vegetation base for plants. The spray base material 7 such as soil is sprayed.

In the first aspect of the invention, however, the warp yarns 2 (including the accommodating portion forming warp yarns 2a) and the weft yarns 3 of the reticulate body 1 as the weft yarns 3 are blended fibers composed of corrosive fibers and synthetic fibers. And the reticulated body 1 was knitted and woven with this mixed fiber.

As the corrosive fibers of the mixed-spun fibers for knitting and weaving the reticulated body 1, natural fibers such as cotton, silk and hemp that are decomposed and corroded by microorganisms and disappear over time, and biodegradable chemicals such as viscose rayon are used. Fibers and the like are used, and as the synthetic fiber, for example, vinylon series such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyester series such as polyester, nylon, etc. which can ensure a predetermined tensile strength semipermanently without being decomposed by microorganisms Polyamide and polyacrylonitrile such as acrylic are used.

The blended fibers are corrosive fibers 60-
A mixture of 80% and synthetic fibers of 40 to 20% is preferable.

Then, the warp yarns 2 and the weft yarns 3 of the net-like body 1 which is the main material of the vegetation substrate for greening as described above are formed by the mixed spun fiber composed of the corrosive fiber and the synthetic fiber as described above, By knitting the mesh body 1 with the mixed fiber,
This reticulated body 1 retains the required strength for a period of about half a year to one year after being laid on the slope N, and the reticulated body 1 protects the slope N to protect the plant vegetation base. Secure
The plant seeds in the vegetation base material 5 accommodated in the accommodation portion 4 of the reticulate body 1 can be favorably grown. Further, the corrosive fiber is decomposed and corroded over time by microorganisms, and is homogenized with the soil when the plant seeds germinate and grow, that is, although the synthetic fiber is not decomposed and corroded, Since the corrosive fiber will be decomposed and corroded,
It is possible to contribute to environmental greening without causing the whole of the reticulate body 1 to remain semi-permanently on the slope N and causing pollution problems.

Next, viscose rayon is used as the corrosive fiber and polyester is used as the synthetic fiber, and the blended fiber of the present invention in which both of them are mixed in a ratio of 70:30, and a comparative example thereof are shown. When a test was conducted on the tensile strength when viscose rayon was used alone, the results shown in Table 1 below were obtained. The tensile test for both was started in July, when the movement of microorganisms was active and the deterioration of strength due to the decomposition and corrosion of the microorganisms was most likely to occur. In addition, the tensile tests of both of them used the 2000 denier test.

[0026]

[Table 1]

As is apparent from Table 1 above, the viscose rayon used as a comparative example had a tensile strength of 0 after about 2 months, whereas the blended fiber according to the present invention was used from the time of laying. Although the strength gradually decreases due to decomposition and corrosion by microorganisms, the tensile strength after one and a half years has passed is 1.2 kg.
Therefore, it can be understood that the reticulated body 1 can protect the slope N and secure a vegetation base for plants by knitting and weaving the reticulated body 1 with the above-described mixed fibers. If the tensile strength per wire constituting the reticulated body 1 is 0.5 Kg or more, it is possible to prevent freezing and collapse when laid on the slope N. Is 1.
When the amount is 2 kg, the slope N can be sufficiently protected.

When the vegetation base material 5 accommodated in the accommodating portion 4 of the mesh body 1 is formed using a bag,
It is desirable to form this bag using a corrosive material such as a staple fabric, a pulp-based nonwoven fabric, soluble paper or a biodegradable plastic film. When forming the bag with these corrosive materials, the reticulate body is used. Not only 1 but also the bag body can be corroded with time to be homogenized in the soil, and the occurrence of pollution problems can be eliminated. further,
As shown in FIG. 3, when the accommodating portion 4 of the vegetation base material 5 is formed on the reticulate body 1 by using a film or the like, it is desirable that the film is also formed of the corrosive material as described above. At this time, as in the case described above, the film can be corroded with time to homogenize with the soil, and the problem of pollution can be eliminated.

A second aspect of the present invention is a vegetation substrate for greening as shown in FIG. 1 above, wherein at least one of a polymer emulsion and a water-soluble polymer is used as a warp yarn 2 and a weft yarn 3 of the reticulate body 1 in a viscose solution. Using the mixed fiber rayon internally added to, the reticulated body 1 is knitted and woven with the mixed fiber rayon.

As the mixed fiber rayon for weaving the reticulate body 1, a viscose solution composed of regenerated cellulose that is decomposed and corroded by microorganisms is not decomposed and corroded by microorganisms, and the strength is reduced by decomposition and corrosion of the viscose rayon. For example, one of a polymer emulsion such as vinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin and ethylene vinyl acetate resin, and a water-soluble polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylic amide is internally added, or the emulsion and the polymer. Both are used internally.

In the mixed fiber rayon, the polymer emulsion or water-soluble polymer is added to the viscose solution.
Those internally added at a rate of up to 15% are preferred.

The mixed fiber rayon is prepared by adding the polymer emulsion or water-soluble polymer to a viscose solution which is a raw material of viscose rayon to prepare a mixed solution, and spinning the mixed solution from a flat special spinneret. Then, it is formed into a tape shape called a so-called ribbon straw.

The mixed filament rayon prepared as described above is used as the warp threads 2 and the weft threads 3 of the reticulate body 1, and although the viscose rayon itself is decomposed and corroded by microorganisms and causes a decrease in strength over time. Since the polymer emulsion and the water-soluble polymer are internally added to this mixed fiber rayon at the stage of the viscose solution, the tensile strength of the mixed fiber rayon is enhanced, and the mixed fiber rayon
Even when the denier is set to about 00 denier, it can be sufficiently used as the warp yarn 2 and the weft yarn 3 of the reticulated body 1, and the braided body 1 can be reliably and satisfactorily knitted and woven. It is possible to secure the predetermined strength required for the mesh body 1 to be knitted.

Although the viscose solution originally contains a large amount of hydroxyl groups, the amount of hydroxyl groups in the whole mixed fiber rayon can be reduced by internally adding the emulsion or polymer to the viscose solution. You can
It is possible to reduce moisture absorption when the mesh body 1 is knitted and woven with the mixed fiber rayon and suppress decomposition and corrosion by microorganisms. Therefore, by knitting the reticulate body 1 with the above-mentioned mixed fiber rayon, it is possible to secure a tensile strength for a certain period necessary to secure a plant vegetation base on the slope N in the reticulated body 1, and The plant seeds in the substrate 5 can be satisfactorily grown.

Further, since a viscose solution is used as a constituent material of the mixed fiber rayon, and this viscose solution is decomposed and corroded over time by microorganisms, by knitting the reticulated body 1 with the mixed fiber rayon, When the plant seeds 6 retained on the reticulate body 1 or the stretched grass body germinate and grow, they are decomposed and corroded by microorganisms and homogenized with soil. On the other hand, since the polymer or emulsion that is hardly corroded by the microorganisms internally added to the viscose solution is decomposed due to the corrosion of the mixed fiber rayon, the reticulate body 1 remains semi-permanently on the slope N. As a result, it can contribute to environmental greening without causing pollution problems.

Next, the tensile strength of the mixed fiber rayon according to the present invention in which 5% of a vinyl acetate resin emulsion is internally added as a polymer emulsion to a viscose solution and viscose rayon as a comparative example are used. When the test was conducted, the results shown in Table 2 below were obtained.
The tensile test for both was started in July, as in the above-mentioned case, in which the movement of microorganisms was active and the decrease in strength was most likely to occur due to the decomposition and corrosion of the microorganisms. Further, the tensile tests of both of them used the ones of 1000 denier.

[0037]

[Table 2]

As is clear from Table 2 above, the viscose rayon used as the comparative example had a tensile strength of 0 after about 2 months, whereas the mixed fiber rayon according to the present invention was laid. Although the strength gradually decreases due to decomposition and corrosion by microorganisms, the tensile strength after one year is 0.6K
Therefore, it can be understood that the mesh body 1 can protect the slope N and secure a plant vegetation base by knitting and weaving the mesh body 1 with the above-mentioned mixed fiber rayon.

[0039]

As described above, the greening vegetation base material according to the first aspect of the present invention is formed by using the mixed fiber composed of corrosive fiber and synthetic fiber as the main material of the vegetation base material. Laying on slopes, etc. For a period of about half a year to one year, the required strength is maintained, and the slopes can be protected by the meshes to secure a vegetation base for plants. The plant seed in the vegetation base material accommodated in the part can be favorably grown. Also, when the plant seeds germinate and grow, it is possible to decompose and corrode most of the reticulate body and homogenize it in the soil. Therefore, the aforementioned reticulate body is semipermanently on the slope or the like. It is possible to contribute to the greening of the environment without remaining in the environment and causing pollution problems.

The vegetation substrate for greening of the second invention uses a mixed fiber rayon obtained by internally adding at least one of a high molecular emulsion and a water-soluble polymer to a viscose solution of a reticulate body which is a main material thereof. From the formation, as in the case of the first aspect of the invention, the reticulate body retains the necessary strength for a predetermined period until the plant seed germinates and grows, and the reticulate body can secure the vegetation base of the plant. , Because it is possible to decompose and corrode most of the reticulate body after the growth of a plant, and thus without causing pollution problems by leaving the whole reticulate body semipermanently on the slope or the like, It can contribute to environmental greening.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a greening vegetation substrate according to a first invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Net body, 4 ... Storage part, 5 ... Vegetation base material.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A vegetation substrate for greening, wherein a housing portion is formed in a net and the vegetation base material is housed in the housing, and the net is made of a mixed fiber composed of corrosive fibers and synthetic fibers. A vegetation substrate for greening, which is formed by 2. In a vegetation base for greening, wherein an accommodating portion is formed in the mesh and the vegetation base material is accommodated in the accommodating portion, the mesh is a bismuth of at least one of a polymer emulsion and a water-soluble polymer. A vegetation substrate for greening, which is formed by using a mixed fiber rayon internally added to a course solution.